French & Indian War (7 Years War)CAUSE

RESULT

GreedMore Land Wanted

FearTo gain more power they formed alliances:

*England with Iroquois

*French with Western Tribes

French built forts in Ohio River Valley

Virginia Governor sent Washington to warn them that land did not belong to them – MUST STOP!

*WAR STARTS

Treaty of Paris Formally ended the war

Proclamation of 1763 King George III changes GA boundaries

French-Indian War (1754-1763)

• Indians sign treaty to remain neutral between France and England (so they could trade with both)

• Iroquois Indians allow English to use the Ohio River Valley land, but French deny access, they claim that it is their land

• English and French want the land: greed and power

Fort Necessity

• Lt. Col. George Washington is sent to survey the Ohio River Valley land

• Fort Necessity is built (British fort) to rival French Fort Duquesne

• The two sides fight, Washington is captured (but the French let him go…mistake!)

Turning point of the war

• 1754- 1758: French are winning the war- guerilla warfare.

• 1758-1760: Washington learns from Bradock’s mistakes, British commanders begin to fight in guerilla warfare tactics. British start winning the war

• 1760: British are victorious, the war continues in Europe for three more years

Treaty of Paris (1763)

• King George II dies, George III takes power (has new plans for the colonies)

• Treaty of Paris (1763) ends the war:– France loses all land east of the Mississippi

River and Canada. They keep New Orleans settlement

– British claim all land east of the Mississippi, including Florida territory

– Georgia’s new boundary is the Mississippi

Proclamation Line of 1763

• Proclamation of 1763: line through the Appalachian Mountains. Colonists could not settle west of the line.

• Britain claims this is to protect them from the Native American Indians

• Colonists hate this rule, because it was really made to keep the colonists close to the British Army ( to keep an eye on them!)

British taxes

• The war was expensive, put Britain in debt

• So to pay off the debt, George III decides to raise taxes on the colonists

• Sugar Act (1764): tax on sugar, molasses, wine, indigo and coffee

• Stamp Act (1765): tax on all paper products

Colonial Protest

• Sugar Act: hurts Georgia, imported sugar from West Indies

• Reaction: minor protest, illegal trade• Stamp Act: hurts business, industry

(worse in the North) Why?• Reaction: protest, burning effigy, Stamp

Act Congress, forming of Sons of Liberty, and Liberty Boys: Georgians against the Act

Colonial Outrage

• Colonists hate these new taxes, angry with Britain

• Remember: taxation without representation for the colonies

• Sons of Liberty forms: protest group formed by Samuel Adams (Boston)

• Patrick Henry protests the Stamp Act, Britain drops the tax, Georgia is the only colony to sell stamps with tax (2 weeks)

• Doesn’t hurt Georgia that bad. Why?

Townshend Act (1767)

• Townshend Act (1767): taxes on paper, glass, tea, paint, many items!

• More colonial outrage, hurts Northern colonies

• Reaction: Colonists boycott British goods & cloth, stop drinking tea, stop painting= hurts Britain’s economy

• Sons of Liberty grow in membership

Boston Massacre (1770)

• Colonists harass British soldiers in Boston.

• The soldiers open fire on the un-armed crowd, kill 5 colonists.

• Britain is mortified, repeal the tax acts, except on tea

• Relative peace for a few years

Tea Act (1773)

• Tea Act: to help save the East India trading company. Wanted to force the colonists to pay high price for tea.

• Reaction: Colonists smuggle tea from other countries

• Boston Tea Party

Intolerable Acts (1774)

• Intolerable Acts: to punish the colonists for tea party: – Closed the port of Boston until repaid for tea– No local government/town meetings

(Repealed the MA charter)– No British official could be tried in the colonies– Quartering Act: colonists have to house

British soldiers at their own expense!– Reaction: Total outrage, Continental

Congress, Committees of Safety= boycott

Revolution

• Colonists now begin to speak of independence, but some Georgians still loyal…Why?

• Second Continental Congress: Georgia not very supportive, but send Lyman Hall, Button Gwinnett, George Walton to represent them