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French and Indian War
(In 8th grade speak: Like, England & the Iroquois VS. France and, like, many other
indian tribes)
1754 - 1763
1. Fr. V GB is Known as 7 Years War in Europe
• Fought in N. America, Europe, high seas– N. Amer part of war
called Fr-Ind War• Mostly fought in Ohio
River Valley• OTHER side of
Appalachians
Battle Map
2. England v. France
• French army• ALL Iroquois
enemies– Ottawa, Algonquian,
Abenaki, Huron
• English army• Colonist militias• Help from reluctant
Iroquois Confederacy
3. How the war starts…
• George Washington, 21 yr old and brash, marched into Fr. Terr w/150 milita men
• Toward Ft. Duquesne– Modern day Pittsburgh, PA
• Ambushed a Fr. Patrol– Killed many
• Told Fr @ Ft. Duquesne to leave Brit Terr– > BUT really is Fr Terr.
G Wash cont.• Built Ft. Necessity to await
surrender of Fr. -HOWEVER-• Fr marched in 6000
soldiers from nearby fort Quebec– Surrounded Gwash
• Told to return to Brit cols and never come back
• Gwash reports “…a blow was struck against the French…”
• War is ON!
North America Pre Fr-Ind war
Lots of battles
• French Wins– Fort Ticonderoga– Lake George– Fort Niagara
• Brit victories– Eventually, take back
Ticon, George & Niagara
– Montreal– Quebec City
French fight dirty
• After surrendering Ft. Ticonderoga, British Gen. Braddock allowed to leave w/ army never to return to NA.
- BUT -• Fr order ambush• 1000 Brit soldiers &
colonists die– Brits vow revenge!
Eventually…
• The British pour in lots of money
• Send thousands of troops from England & other wars to NA
• William Pitt vows to “win at all costs”
• Brits start winning
Brits win!
• France surrenders• Terms of peace:
– France leaves NA• Allowed to keep 1/2 of Isla
Hispaniola (Haiti)• Spain gets Fr. Land WEST
of Miss R.– Payment for helping Fr.
– Brits get all land EAST of Miss R.
– Only Sp & GB in NA
6. Chief Pontiac organizes NAs
• Chief Pontiac of the Ottawa, once allied w/Fr, is not done fighting– does not want Eng
colonists movig into Ohio Riv Valley any more.
• Organizes tribes to attack colonists and Brit soldiers in OH riv valley
• Scares King George III of England
7. Results of Fr-Ind War
• Fr out of NA pic• Nat Amers in civil war• GB in serious debt
– Will tax colonies to pay for war debt
• Proclamation Line of 1763– Eng no want to anger
Chief Pontiac• Keeps colonists East of
Appalachians away from Nat Amers
• Albany Plan of Union…
8. Albany Plan of Union(based on Iroquois Confederacy)
• Benjamin Franklin led• Plan to unite 13
colonies under one central gov’t– Defense
• Prevent another Fr-Ind War
– Relations w/ Indians• Improve peace• Co-exist w/ Inds
• Plan failed, but 1st attempt at uniting cols