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    French fashionFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Part ofa serieson the

    Culture of France

    History[show]

    People

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    Festivals

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    Art

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    Culture portal

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    France portal

    V

    T

    E

    France is one of the leading countries infashion industry, alongsideUSA,Italy,

    theUK,Spain,Germany,Japan,Chinaand many others. Fashion has always been an important part of

    thecountry's cultural lifeand society, and Frenchs are well known for their attention of dressing-up well; haute-

    couture, the "prt--por te r "and many others, the classy impression, remains traditional in the French way of

    living.

    French design became prominent during the 15th18th centuries, when artistic development in France was at

    its peak.The fashion has been an important industry and cultural export of France since the seventeenth

    century, and modern "haute couture" originated in Paris in the 1860s. Today, Paris, along with London,Milan,

    and New York City, is considered one of the world's fashion capitals, and the city is home or headquarters to

    many of the premier fashion houses, including,Cline,Chanel,Chloe,Dior,Givenchy,Jean Paul

    Gaultier,Herms,Lanvin,Rochas,VuittonandYves Saint Laurent.[1][2]

    Cities such asLyon,Marseille,Toulouse,Strasburg,Bordeaux,Niceand many others during the last centuries

    came in developed modern cities being economical centers with an a textil, technological and with a lot of other

    important industries who start to produce luxury goods and rich fabrics. This cities have important and luxurious

    districts and avenues.Manosque,La Gacillyand many other cities and towns are leaders

    incosmeticandpharmaceutical industry, with important global premier beauty houses such

    asLancme,L'Occitane,Vichyand many others. Towns likeCannes,St. Tropezand elses are called towns of

    luxury receiving annually a lot ofHollywood, European and many international stars in media, potentates and

    billionaires.

    Contents

    [hide]

    1 Legal status

    2 History

    o 2.1 Seventeenth - Eighteenth century

    o 2.2 Belle poque

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Culture_of_France&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Culture_of_France&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9line_(brand)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9line_(brand)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9line_(brand)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanvin_(clothing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanvin_(clothing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanvin_(clothing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toulousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toulousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toulousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strasburghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strasburghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strasburghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordeauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordeauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordeauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manosquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manosquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manosquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Gacillyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Gacillyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Gacillyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Occitanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Occitanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Occitanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vichy_cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vichy_cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Tropezhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Tropezhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Tropezhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Legal_statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Legal_statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Seventeenth_-_Eighteenth_centuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Seventeenth_-_Eighteenth_centuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Belle_.C3.89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Belle_.C3.89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Belle_.C3.89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Belle_.C3.89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Seventeenth_-_Eighteenth_centuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Legal_statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Tropezhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vichy_cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Occitanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Gacillyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manosquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordeauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strasburghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toulousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanvin_(clothing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9line_(brand)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Culture_of_France&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:France
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    o 2.3 World War II

    o 2.4 Post-War

    3 Cities

    o 3.1 Paris

    o 3.2 Lyon

    o 3.3 Marseille

    o 3.4 Other cities

    4 Fashion weeks

    o 4.1 Monaco

    5 Notes

    6 References

    7 Further reading

    8 External links

    Legal status[edit source|editbeta]

    The expressionHaute coutureis, in France, a legally protected name, guaranteeing certain quality standards.

    French couture is regulated by an industry governing body, theFdration franaise de la couture, du prt--

    porter des couturiers et des crateurs de modecreated in 1973, which itself consists of the Chambre Syndicale

    de la mode masculine (men's fashion), theChambre syndicale du prt--porter des couturiers et des crateurs

    de mode (ready-to-wear) and the Chambre syndicale de la haute couture (high fashion), the latter having been

    created in 1868. The Fdration franaise also has a fashion school, the cole de la chambre syndicale de lacouture parisienne (created in 1928).

    TheAssociation Nationale pour le Dveloppement des Arts de la Modecommonly known as ANDAM, is a

    nonprofit association law created 1901, which organizes a contest intended to identify each year and launch

    designers on the scene of the French and international fashion. Supported and regulated by theFrench

    Ministry of Culture.

    History[edit source|editbeta]

    Seventeenth - Eighteenth century[edit source|editbeta

    ]

    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ikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Monacohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Fashion_weekshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Other_citieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Citieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#Post-Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#World_War_II
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    Marie Antoinettea France's colonial fashion icon.

    1. The association of France with fashion and style (French:la mode) dates largely to the reign ofLouis

    XIV[3]when the luxury goods industries in France came increasingly under royal control and the

    French royal court became, arguably, the arbiter of taste and style in Europe. The rise in prominence

    of French fashion was linked to the creation of the fashion press in the early 1670s (due in large part

    toJean Donneau de Vis) which transformed the fashion industry by marketing designs to a broad

    public outside the French court[4]and by popularizing notions such as the fashion "season" and

    changing styles.[5]Louis XIV notably introduced one of the most noticeable feature of the men's

    costume of the time : the immense wigs of curled hair.[6]It is said these originated from the fact that

    Louis XIV started to wear wigs as he was getting bald, and to imitate this his courtiers put on false

    hair.[6]The wearing of wigs lasted for over a century; they went through many changes, but they were

    never quite so exaggerated as during this period.[6]

    The extravagant, luxurious and evanescent styles of the French Royal court led the courtiers to run up

    enormous debts to keep up the pace, at the peasants expense. Such fashion sprees notably ruinedMarie

    Antoinettes reputation, and were one of the many factors paving the way for theFrench Revolution.[6]

    TheSans-culottes(lit. Without knee-breeches) rejected the powdered wigs and the knee-breeches

    assimilated to the nobility and favored informal styles (full-length trousers, and natural hairs...), which finally

    triumphed over thebrocades,lace,periwig, and powder of the earlier eighteenth century.

    Belle poqu e[edit source|editbeta]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Donneau_de_Vis%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Donneau_de_Vis%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Donneau_de_Vis%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-culotteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-culotteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-culotteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brocadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brocadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brocadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periwighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periwighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periwighttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marie_Antoinette_1767.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marie_Antoinette_1767.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marie_Antoinette_1767.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marie_Antoinette_1767.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periwighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brocadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-culotteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-oldandsold-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Donneau_de_Vis%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinette
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    Coco Chanelis the France's contemporary fashion icon who revolve the fashion worldwide.

    France renewed its dominance of the high fashion (French:couture or haute couture) industry in the years

    1860-1960 through the establishing of the greatcouturierhouses, the fashion press (Voguewas founded in

    1892) andfashion shows. The first modern Parisian couturier house is generally considered the work of the

    EnglishmanCharles Frederick Worthwho dominated the industry from 1858-1895.[7]In the late nineteenth and

    early twentieth century, the industry expanded through such Parisian fashion houses as the house ofJacques

    Doucet(founded in 1871), Rouff (founded 1884),Jeanne Paquin(founded in 1891; she trained at Rouff and

    was the first woman to open her own fashion house), theCallot Soeurs(founded 1895 and operated by four

    sisters),Paul Poiret(founded in 1903),Madeleine Chruit(founded 1906),Madeleine Vionnet(founded in

    1912),Chanel(founded byCoco Chanel, it first came to prominence in 1925),Elsa Schiaparelli(founded in

    1927) andBalenciaga(founded by the SpaniardCristbal Balenciagain 1937).

    World War II[edit source|editbeta]Many fashion houses closed during occupation of Paris duringWorld War II, including the Maison Vionnetand

    the Maison Chanel. In contrast to the stylish, liberated Parisienne, theVichy regimepromoted the model of the

    wife and mother, the robust, athletic young woman, a figure who was much more in line with the new political

    criteria. Germany, meanwhile, was taking possession of over half of what France produced, including high

    fashion, and was also considering relocating French haute couture to the cities of Berlin andVienna, neither of

    which had any significant tradition of fashion. The archives of theChambre Syndicale de la Couturewere

    seized, most consequentially the client list.Jewswere excluded from the fashion industry.

    Due to the difficult times, the number of models in shows was limited to seventy-five, evening wear was

    shortened and day wear was much lighter, made using substitute materials whenever possible. From 1940

    onward, no more than thirteen feet (four meters) of cloth was permitted to be used for a coat and a little over

    three feet (one meter) was all that allowed for a blouse. No belt could be over one and a half inches (four

    centimeters) wide. Among young men in the War Years thezazousuit became popular.

    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es_Frederick_Worthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_showshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couturierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanel
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    In spite of the fact that so many fashion houses closed down or moved away during the war, several new

    houses remained open, includingJacques Fath, Maggy Rouff,Marcel Rochas, Jeanne Lafaurie,Nina Ricci,

    and Madeleine Vramant. During the Occupation, the only true way for a woman to flaunt her extravagance and

    add to colour to a drab outfit was to wear a hat. In this period, hats were often made of scraps of material that

    would have otherwise been thrown away, sometimes incorporating butter muslin, bits of paper, and wood

    shavings. Among the most innovative milliners of the time were Pauline Adam, Simone Naudet, Rose Valois,

    and Le Monnier

    Evening dress, House of Dior, 1954.Indianapolis Museum of Art.

    Post-War[edit source|editbeta]

    Post-war fashion returned to prominence throughChristian Dior's famous "New Look" in 1947: the collection

    contained dresses with tiny waists, majestic busts, and full skirts swelling out beneath small bodices, in a

    manner very similar to the style of theBelle poque. The extravagant use of fabric and the feminine elegance

    of the designs appealed greatly to a post-war clientele. Other important houses of the period includedPierre

    BalmainandHubert de Givenchy(opened in 1952). The fashion magazineEllewas founded in 1945. In

    1952,Coco Chanelherself returned to Paris.[8]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Fathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Fathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Fathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(designer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(designer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(designer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianapolis_Museum_of_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianapolis_Museum_of_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianapolis_Museum_of_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.#The_.22New_Look.22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.#The_.22New_Look.22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.#The_.22New_Look.22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Balmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Balmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Balmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Balmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elle_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elle_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elle_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christian_Dior_Dress.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christian_Dior_Dress.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christian_Dior_Dress.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christian_Dior_Dress.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elle_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Balmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Balmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.#The_.22New_Look.22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianapolis_Museum_of_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(designer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Rochashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Fath
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    Yves Saint Laurentis one of the fashion designers who make history being part of the contemporary culture with they mentorChristian Dior.

    In the 1960s, "high fashion" came under criticism from France's youth culture (including they-ys) who were

    turning increasingly to London and to casual styles.[9]In 1966, the designerYves Saint Laurentbroke with

    established high fashion norms by launching aprt--porter("ready to wear") line and expanding French

    fashion into mass manufacturing and marketing (member houses of the Chambre Syndicale were forbidden to

    use even sewing machines).[10]Further innovations were carried out byPaco RabanneandPierre Cardin. In

    post-1968 France, youth culture would continue to gravitate away from the "sociopolitically suspect" luxury

    clothing industry, preferring instead a more "hippy" look (termedbaba coolin French).[11]With a greater focus on

    marketing and manufacturing, new trends were established bySonia Rykiel,Thierry Mugler,Claude

    Montana,Jean-Paul GaultierandChristian Lacroixin the 1970s and 80s. The 1990s saw a conglomeration of

    many French couture houses under luxury giants and multinationals such asLVMH.

    Since the 1960s, France's fashion industry has come under increasing competition from London, New York,

    Milan and Tokyo. Nevertheless, many foreign designers still seek to make their careers in France:Karl

    Lagerfeld(German) at Chanel,John Galliano(British) at Dior, Paulo Melim Andersson (Swedish) at

    Chloe,Stefano Pilati(Italian) at Yves Saint Laurent,Marc Jacobs(American) at Louis Vuitton,Kenzo

    Takada(Japanese) andAlexander McQueen(English) at Givenchy (until 2001).

    Cities[edit source|editbeta]

    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ki/French_fashion#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%A9-y%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)
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    Parisis a symbol of France and of the French fashion, known for its stylish architecture.

    Franceis known as the country of luxury, fashion and beauty, with a world's fashion capital based in Paris, but

    also with many cities and towns with an important history and industry of the entry, with important also large

    and small events and shows as fashion weeks and fests.

    Paris[edit source|editbeta]

    Parisis regarded as the world fashion capital, has spread throughout the city a lot of fashion boutiques. Many

    of the major French fashion brands, such asChanel,Louis Vuitton,Dior,Lacroix, are currently headquartered

    in the city. Numerous international fashion labels also operate shops in Paris, including anAbercrombie &

    Fitchflagship store which has become a main consumer attraction. Paris also hosts a fashion week twice a

    year, just like other international centres such asMilan, London, Tokyo, New York, Los Angeles and Rome.

    TheAvenue des Champs-lysesis traditionally the avenue of the luxury, fashion and beauty of France with

    many headquarters of luxury houses compared with the5th AvenueofNYC, theAvenue Montaigneanother

    adjacent avenue that since the 1980s get the prestige of prime avenue with many headquarters of luxury, the

    fashion houses have been traditionally situated since the 17th century in the quarter around theRue du

    Faubourg Saint-Honor. Other areas, such asLe Marais, a traditional Jewish quarter, have also included the

    clothing industry, also the city have a lot of fashion districts consolidating the city as a fashion capital.

    Lyon[edit source|editbeta]

    Lyonis a modern city symbol of the country.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Lacroixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Lacroixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Lacroixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9eshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9eshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9eshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NYChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NYChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NYChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avenue_Montaignehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avenue_Montaignehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Maraishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Maraishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Maraishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Oxygene_part-dieu_07-12-2009.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paris_vue_d'ensemble_tour_Eiffel.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Maraishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avenue_Montaignehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NYChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9eshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Lacroixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris
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    Lyonis the second largest city of France, is regarded by some as one of the growing fashion industry cites of

    France. famous for being the world'sSilkcapital, with an important textile industry and a strong based fashion

    industry, with major streets and districts with houses of high fashion.[12]

    For excellence thePresqu'leis the upscale district of the city contain luxurious streets and avenues as the

    famousRue de la Rpubliqueand theRue douard-Herriot, theCordeliers Jacobines, thePlace Bellecourand

    others are some of luxury districts with elegant boutiques of the houses such asArmani,Dior,Calvin

    Klein,MaxMara,Armand Ventilo,Sonia Rykiel,Cartier, and many houses.[13]

    La Croix-Rousseis an fashion district heavily marked bysilk industry, knowed for being one of the districts

    supported by government for the newcomer fashion designers. The city is home of international fashion houses

    with the headquarters ofKorloff,Millesia,Augis, and some elses, anotherLyonnaisefashion houses famous in

    France such as Nicholas Fafiotte, Nathalie Chaize and Garbis Devar.[14]

    Marseille[edit source|editbeta

    ]

    Marseilleis a contrasts city, symbol of the country between the antique and modernity of France.

    Marseilleis the third largest city of France and the principal port of the country, making the city the principal

    port ofEuropeandMediterraneansea.

    The city is affectionately called "The Old Lady of the Mediterranean" or "The City of the Contrasts"[15]for

    excellence the city has enjoyed its position on the continent being a fluvial port with ships full of fashion

    products, for that reason the outside,Franceand home fashion houses are established boutiques.

    TheRue du Paradisand theRue Grignanare known for being the avenues of luxury in the city holding high

    fashion boutiques such asLouis Vuitton,Herms,YSL,Chopard,Kenzo,Tara Jarmon,Grard Dareland many

    others.

    TheRue de la Touris called "La Rue de la Mode" (English:The Fashion street) where the

    newestMarsellaisesfashion designers and artisans are supported by the city government, for create and

    grown the fashion industry in the city, some of famous fashion houses inFranceare Diable Noir, Casa

    Blanca and many more.

    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G%C3%A9rard_Darelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marseille-la-nuit-by-F.Laffont-feraud.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marseille-la-nuit-by-F.Laffont-feraud.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marseille-la-nuit-by-F.Laffont-feraud.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marseille-la-nuit-by-F.Laffont-feraud.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/fr:G%C3%A9rard_Darelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tara_Jarmonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenzohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chopardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YSLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Vuittonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterraneanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&veaction=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_fashion&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonnaisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeweleryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Riccihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korloff_Noirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Croix-Roussehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartier_(jeweler)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonia_Rykielhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/fr:Armand_Ventilohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MaxMarahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Kleinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Kleinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_Bellecourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_%C3%89douard-Herriothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_de_la_R%C3%A9publiquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presqu%27%C3%AElehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fashion#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyon
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    In the Centre and Vieux Port(downtown and old port) are other of the city shopping districts, in this areas are a

    lot do fashion houses both nationals as internationals.

    Other cities[edit source|editbeta]

    Although Paris, Lyon and Marseille, in France exist a lot of fashionable cities and towns, some of thoseareLille,Cannes,Bordeaux,Nice,Toulouse,St. Tropez,Strasbourg,Nantesare some of the important centres

    for Fashion clothing design and industry. In this cites exist fashion districts, avenues, streets, shopping malls

    and many places spetialised for all the needs of the customer.

    Fashion weeks[edit source|editbeta]

    TheParis Fashion Week.

    Main article:Paris Fashion Week

    TheParis Fashion Weektakes place twice a year after theMilan Fashion Week. It is the last and generally the

    most anticipated city of fashion month. D

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