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The EU’s system of geographical indications
Francis FAYDeputy Head of Unit
Agricultural product quality policyEuropean Commission
FOODEX Japan 2011, Seminar on Regional Brands2 March 2011, Makuhari Messe
Geographical indication
Geographical indication
protected geographical indication (PGI)
protected designation of origin (PDO)
EU registers
Wines
Spirits
Agricultural productsand foodstuffs
970 GI registrations (15.2.2011)
agricultural products and foodstuffs
02468
1012141618
PL AT BE NL HU FI SE SK IE LU DK SI CN CO CY
0
50
100
150
200
250
IT FR ES PT EL DE UK CZ
Registrations by country
PGIPDO
Product division (970 registrations)other 43
fish 48bakery
products
beer, water 47
oils and fats 112
cheese 190
meat products 226
fruit and vegetables 262
Economic impact• 2008: 14.5 billion euro / 1600 bn Y (wholesale price)• Approximates to 21 billion euro / 2400 bn Y, consumer prices
meat products26%
cheese
fruit, vegetables
6%
bakery product
soils and fats
2%other (inc.fish)5%
beer, water17%
• Cheese: 5.6 bn euro /630 bn Y
• Meat products: 3.7 bn euro / 420 bn Y
• Beer: 2.4 bn euro /270 bn Y
• Fruit & veg: 0.9 bn euro / 100 bn Y
Cheese sector• 8% EU cheese production • 3%-4% global production• GI value added: +55% to +100%
cheddar/edam average; 3097
GI (PGI); 1690
GI (PDO); 1390
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
euro/t
value added for GI cheese (wholesale price; 2007)
Essential elements of application• Name• Specification
– Description of specific product– Geographical place– Production method– Causal link between product
and place
Process
Publication for objection (Official
Journal)
non-EU applications EU applications
Final decision (Official Journal) registration or rejection
If objection, consultations to
resolve
examined by national authorities
sent to Commission
sent directly to Commission, together with proof of protection
in country of originexamination
Intellectual property protection• Positive right
– Explicit right to use the registered name– For any operator marketing authentic product
• producer, cooperative, distributor, wholesaler, retailer– Examples of registrations:
• Bra• Brie de Meaux• 龙口粉丝
• Longkou Fen Si
Intellectual property protectionProtection against wrongful uses:
– Absolute protection for registered name.– Extended protection against specific misuses,
including ‘evocation’, ‘misuse’ and ‘imitation’ even if translated.
– General protection of consumer.
Trade marks• Prior trade mark that is renowned and
long used, so that to register the GI would mislead the consumer: prevents registration of the GI.
• Coexistence for other prior trade marks.• Trade mark later-in-time than
geographical indication cannot be registered.
Impacts• Connect consumers and farmers
• Prevent abuses
• Link added value to rural areas and local producers
Conclusion
• Consumer guarantee• Specification governs the product • Link with the area• Direct applications to the Commission• Look forward to first Japanese proposal!
EU system of geographical indications
Thank you for your attention
Francis FAYAgricultural Product Quality PolicyAgriculture and Rural Development
European CommissionBruxelles, BE
