Frameworks and Standards and Frameworks and Standards and Benchmarks….Benchmarks….

Science Education Reform: Science Education Reform:

A Brief HistoryA Brief History

A turning point…A turning point…

““Our Nation is at risk. Our once Our Nation is at risk. Our once unchallenged preeminence in unchallenged preeminence in commerce, industry, science, commerce, industry, science, and technological innovation is and technological innovation is being overtaken by competitors being overtaken by competitors throughout the world.” throughout the world.”

National Commission on Excellence in National Commission on Excellence in Education, April 1983Education, April 1983

5 Major Recommendations5 Major Recommendations ContentContent – Strengthen graduation requirements – Strengthen graduation requirements

and curriculum contentand curriculum content Standards and ExpectationsStandards and Expectations – Adopt more – Adopt more

rigorous and measurable standards and higher rigorous and measurable standards and higher expectationsexpectations

TimeTime – Devote significantly more time to – Devote significantly more time to instruction including longer school day and instruction including longer school day and school yearschool year

TeachingTeaching – Improve the preparation of – Improve the preparation of teachers and make the profession more teachers and make the profession more rewarding and respectedrewarding and respected

Leadership and Fiscal SupportLeadership and Fiscal Support – Citizens – Citizens hold educators and elected officials hold educators and elected officials responsible for leadership to achieve the responsible for leadership to achieve the reforms and provide fiscal support and stability reforms and provide fiscal support and stability that is necessarythat is necessary

A bit of history…A bit of history…

1989: Bush (Sr.) Administration1989: Bush (Sr.) Administration National Educational Goals National Educational Goals

Panel (NEGP) calls for Panel (NEGP) calls for establishment of challenging establishment of challenging national achievement standardsnational achievement standards

National Council of Education National Council of Education Standards and Testing (NCEST) Standards and Testing (NCEST) formedformed

A bit of history…A bit of history…

1994: Goals 20001994: Goals 2000 President Clinton signed the President Clinton signed the

Educate America Act, creating a Educate America Act, creating a special council to certify national special council to certify national and state standards and state and state standards and state assessmentsassessments

The Problem…The Problem…

82% of 1282% of 12thth graders performed graders performed below the proficient level on the below the proficient level on the 2000 National Assessment of 2000 National Assessment of Educational ProgressEducational Progress

Student performance is Student performance is progressively worse from 4progressively worse from 4thth through 12through 12thth grade, as compared grade, as compared to other nations (1995 TIMMS)to other nations (1995 TIMMS)

2000 No Child Left Behind2000 No Child Left Behind

President Bush signs the federal President Bush signs the federal Elementary and Secondary Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which calls for Education Act, which calls for extensive implementation of extensive implementation of state educational standards state educational standards addressing national criteria tied addressing national criteria tied to federal funding.to federal funding.

NCLB and Science EducationNCLB and Science Education

Calls for “highly qualified Calls for “highly qualified teachers” who use research-teachers” who use research-based teaching methodsbased teaching methods

Limits federal funding to Limits federal funding to programs backed by evidenceprograms backed by evidence

Requires states to measure Requires states to measure progress in each grade span (3-progress in each grade span (3-5, 6-9, 10-12) annually by 20075, 6-9, 10-12) annually by 2007

Science Education ReformScience Education Reform

1990: Science for All Americans (AAAS)

1993: Benchmarks for Science Literacy (AAAS)

1996: National Science Education Standards (NRC)

Science Reform in MissouriScience Reform in Missouri

Show-Me Standards

Knowledge Standards Performance Standards

Goals 1, 2, 3, 4Science Standards

Curriculum Frameworks

Grade Level Expectations

Show-Me Knowledge Show-Me Knowledge Standards: ScienceStandards: Science1.1. Properties and principles of matter and Properties and principles of matter and

energyenergy2.2. Properties and principles of force and motionProperties and principles of force and motion3.3. Characteristics and interactions of living Characteristics and interactions of living

organismsorganisms4.4. Changes in ecosystems and interactions of Changes in ecosystems and interactions of

living things with their environmentsliving things with their environments5.5. Processes and interactions of Earth’s Processes and interactions of Earth’s

biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrospherehydrosphere

6.6. Composition and structure of the universe Composition and structure of the universe and the motion of objects within itand the motion of objects within it

7.7. Processes of scientific inquiryProcesses of scientific inquiry8.8. Impact of science, technology, and human Impact of science, technology, and human

activity on resources and the environmentactivity on resources and the environment

Grade Level Expectations Grade Level Expectations (GLES) for Science(GLES) for Science

Specific to Specific to eacheach grade level grade level (rather than K-4, 5-8, 9-12)(rather than K-4, 5-8, 9-12)

Standards 1-8 addressed Standards 1-8 addressed individuallyindividually

Concepts within each standard Concepts within each standard are articulatedare articulated

Expectations (objectives) are Expectations (objectives) are provided for each conceptprovided for each concept

Let’s take a closer look…Let’s take a closer look…

Benchmarks for Science Benchmarks for Science LiteracyLiteracy

National Science Education National Science Education StandardsStandards

Missouri Grade Level Missouri Grade Level Expectations for ScienceExpectations for Science