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Strengthening ECD Policies and Programs: Frameworks, Benchmarks and Roadmaps . Presented by Marito Garcia Technical Workshop of the Africa ECCD Initiative July 27, 2010 (Based on work by Emiliana Vegas, Veronica Silva and Amanda Epstein). Presentation Overview. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Presented by Marito GarciaTechnical Workshop of the Africa ECCD Initiative
July 27, 2010(Based on work by Emiliana Vegas, Veronica Silva and Amanda Epstein)
Strengthening ECD Policies and Programs: Frameworks, Benchmarks and Roadmaps
Presentation OverviewDefinitions: Early Childhood Development, ECD
programs and ECD policies.Introduction of Framework to classify ECD PoliciesTypology of ECD programsFramework for classifying ECD policies at the national
level, to help countries identify (i) their current level of development in this area, and (ii) some policy options to further develop ECD policies.
Application of framework to four country case studiesPreliminary application of framework to 12 SSA
countriesInternational comparisons
DefinitionsEarly Childhood Development as the period from when a child is
conceived to six years of age (0-6). Three types of ECD outcomes are critical for life outcomes:
physical growth and well-being, cognitive development, and socio-emotional development.
ECD programs include specific interventions that may vary according to primary objective, coverage (small scale, universal), and other program characteristics.
ECD policies refer to the regulatory framework and institutional arrangements for service delivery at the national and/or state level to ensure that a nation’s children have access to quality ECD services.
National ECD Policy Classification ProcessStep 1: Take stock of existing ECD programs and
interventions, using 9 Key Characteristics
Step 2: Classify ECD interventions and programs into one of four types (sectoral, cross-sectoral, multi- sectoral or comprehensive)
Step 3: Evaluate the level of development of ECD policies at the national and/or subnational level, using four critical dimensions of ECD policies
Step 4: Identify country-specific policy options to strengthen ECD policies and programs
Typology of ECD Programs9 Key Characteristics:
i. Primary policy objective; ii. Brief description; iii. Focus area/intervention
mechanism; iv. Coverage/access; v. Institutional arrangements; vi. Financing; vii. Service providers; viii. Quality assurance
mechanisms; ix. Challenges for going to scale
and improving service delivery.
4 General Types of Programs:
1. Sectoral2. Cross-sectoral3. Multi-sectoral4. Comprehensive
ChildPrenatal
0-23-45-6
Mother(prenatal)
Mother/Father/Caregiver
Healthcare and hygieneMaternal/prenatal health
Water and sanitationHealthcare prevention
Mental Health
Poverty alleviationIncome transfers
Maternity/paternity leave Female labor participation
Home infrastructure
NutritionFood and supplements
EducationPreschool (3-6)
Care (0-3)
What interventions affect ECD (and how)?
Single Sector Specific Sector w/ inputs from other sector
Multiple sectors, specific programs for targeted or universal populations
Comprehensive regular monitoring, some universal services, with tailored interventions
Intervention Areas/Mechanisms
Sectoral
Cross-Sectoral
Multi-Sectoral
Comprehensive
Coordinated interventions across multiple sectors
Com
plex
ity o
f Ins
tituti
onal
Arr
ange
men
ts
A Framework for Classifying ECD Policies
4 dimensions:1. Enabling environment.
2. Degree of
implementation. 3. Monitoring and
quality assurance. 4. Policy focus.
4 levels of development:a.Latentb.Emergingc.Establishedd.Mature
ECD
Policy DimensionsVariables
Level of Development
LATENT EMERGING ESTABLISHED MATURE
ENABLING ENVIRONMENT
Legal framework non existent minimal regulations in some sectors developed
Coordination low within sector high within sector low inter-
institutionalhigh inter-
institutional
Financing ad hoc some programs with sustained
many programs with sustained
sustained for attaining goals
DEGREE OF IMPLEMENTATION
Coverage low expanding universal in some sectors universal in ECD
Programs pilot established in few sectors
established in several sectors
established in ECD
MONITORING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
ECD Information minimal measures
outcomes at national level
outcomes at national, regional,
local level
outcomes at national,
regional, local & individual level
Quality Standards & Compliance
Limited or no standards
Standards in some sectors
Standards in most sectors, compliance
is monitored regularly
Standards in all sectors,
compliance is regularly
monitored and enforced
POLICY FOCUS
ECD Interventions (health, nutrition, education & child
protection)
some and minimal some established well established
services
integrated services
universally provided
Single sector Specific sector w/inputs from other sector
Multiple sectors, specific programs for targeted or
universal populations
Comprehensive regular monitoring. Some universal
services, with tailored interventions
Focus Areas- Mechanisms
Coordinated interventions across
multiple sectors
Com
plex
ity o
f ins
tituti
onal
arr
ange
men
ts
Sectoral
Cross-sectoral
Multi-sectoral
Comprehensive
Nutritional Supplement
Programs in Zambia
Improving the National ECD
Response Through Capacity Building in
Malawi
Zambia PreSchool Association
Tube Poka Program in Malawi
The Maureen Mwanamasa Community
Initiative Market Centre Concept
Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in Zambia
Case des Tous Petits in Senegal
Programme de la Renforcement de la Nutrition in Senegal
Rapid Response Child-Focused Social
Cash Transfer and Nutrition Security
Project
Child Health Week in Zambia
Community-Based Care Centers in
Malawi
Inventory of ECD Programs in 4 SSA Countries
PROCAPE in Senegal
Social Cash Transfer Scheme in Malawi
Chile Crece Con Tigo
ENABLING ENVIRONMENT
POLICY FOCUS
DEGR
EE O
F IM
PLEM
ENTA
TIO
N
MATURE POLICY
ESTABLISHED POLICY
EMERGING POLICYLATENT POLICY MO
NITO
RING AN
D QUALITY ASSU
RANCE
latent emerging established mature
latent
latent
emerging
emerging
established
established
mature mature
latent emerging established mature
Guinea - Niger
Malawi
Mali
Mauritius – South Africa
Mozambique
Nigeria
SenegalTanzania/Zanzibar-Liberia
Latent National ECD Policy
Emerging National ECD Policy
Established National ECD Policy
Mature National ECD Policy
Zambia
From Benchmarks to RoadmapsThere is no one identical path for all countries to
reach ECD goals, but there can be a set of directions, or “Roadmap” to help countries identify their own unique path.
Such a “Roadmap” can be identified by:Taking stock of existing programs and policiesAlong the four critical dimensions – Enabling
Environment, Degree of Implementation, Monitoring and Quality Assurance, and Policy Focus.
Thank you for your attention and we look forward to working with you!
Contact: [email protected]
Strengthening ECD Policies and Programs: Frameworks, Benchmarks and Roadmaps