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Forms of Government in Greek City-States 2000 B.C. to 400 B.C.
Page 53March 10-11
Copy this Chart!Forms of Government in Greek City-States 2000 B.C. to 400 B.C.
Monarchy • Under a monarchy, the power to make political decisions
is in the hands of one person, the king or queen.• Most Greek city-states were ruled by monarchy from 2000
BC – 800 BC. By 800 BC kings did not rule most of Greece.• Rulers inherited their power.• Aristocrats, wealthy landowners, helped advise the king,
but later they wanted more power and overthrew the king.
Forms of Government in Greek City-States: 2000 B.C. to 400 B.C.
Transfer of Government Power
one person
Transfer of Government Power
one person
I depended on aristocrats to help me and they gained too much power.
Oligarchy • Oligarch means “few” in Greek.• The power to make political decisions is in the hands of a
few people.• By 800 BC most Greek city-states were ruled by a small
group of wealthy men.• The oligarchs lived a very nice life, while the poor lived
very difficult lives and often had to sell themselves into slavery to pay their debts.
Oligarchy
Transfer of Government Power
one person
I depended on aristocrats to help me and they gained too much power.
a few people
Transfer of Government Power
one person
I depended on aristocrats to help me and they gained too much power.
a few people
we ignored the needs of most people and eventually the poor turned to leaders in the army.
Tyranny • Under tyranny, the power to make political decisions is in
the hands of one person who is not a lawful ruler.• During the mid 600s BC many Greek city-states were run by
tyrants who gained support by promising people more rights.
• Some tyrants were not good rulers and eventually they were overthrown by the people and a new form of government was put into place.
Tyranny
Transfer of Government Power
one person
I depended on aristocrats to help me and they gained too much power.
a few people
we ignored the needs of most people and eventually the poor turned to leaders in the army.
one person
Transfer of Government Power
one person
I depended on aristocrats to help me and they gained too much power.
a few people
we ignored the needs of most people and eventually the poor turned to leaders in the army.
one person
I ruled harshly, and the people forced me out.
Democracy • Under a democracy, the power to make political decisions
is in the hands of all citizens.• Around 500 BC the people of Athens developed a
government system where they could govern themselves.• Athens was a direct democracy where all citizens voted on
all issues.• The U.S. is a representative democracy where we vote on
representatives to decide on important issues.
Democracy
Transfer of Government Power
one person
I depended on aristocrats to help me and they gained too much power.
a few people
we ignored the needs of most people and eventually the poor turned to leaders in the army.
one person
I ruled harshly, and the people forced me out.
llitizens
en
otherather laves
omenree men
Timeline: Greek Governments
Greek GovernmentsComplete the following time line by identifying the type of government ancient Greeks developed in each of the four time periods. The four types of government are: democracy, monarchy, oligarchy, and tyranny.
Which system of government do you think is the best? Which system of government would you have preferred if you lived in ancient Greece? Why?
Solon (594 B.C.)
Why did the common people of Athens like Solon? How did Athenians feel about the changes Solon put in place?
Solon (594 B.C.) textbook page 188
Why did the common people of Athens like Solon? ended the farmers debts, and freed those who were enslaved due to there debts. Also, he opened the Assembly to ALL male citizens (not just the wealthy). How did Athenians feel about the changes Solon put in place?Some wealthy Athenians felt Solon had gone too far, while poor Athenians thought he had not gone far enough.
Peisistratus (560 B.C.) TEXTBOOK PAGE 189Explain the reforms that Peisistratus made after he took over the rule of Athens.
Peisistratus (560 B.C.)Explain the reforms that Peisistratus made after he took over the rule of Athens.He divided large estates among farmers who had no land. He provided loans to help farmers buy equipment to work their farms. He gave citizenship to Athenians who did not own land. He also hired the poor to construct temples and other public works. Since religion was important in Athens, Peisistratus built additional shrines to different gods. Under Peisistratus, festivals held to honor Athena were expanded by the addition of athletic contests.
FYI: The ancient Olympic Games were held every four years at Olympia, in the western part of Greece, in honor of the god Zeus. The first Olympics were organized in 776 B.C. According to one legend, the founder of the games was the hero Hercules. The modern Olympics began in 1896 in Athens.
Cleisthenes (525 - 524 B.C.) textbook page 189
How did Cleisthenes's reforms help make the Athenian government more democratic?
Cleisthenes (525 - 524 B.C.) textbook page 189
How did Cleisthenes's reforms help make the Athenian government more democratic?
He created a new council of 500 citizens. The council introduced laws and controlled the treasury and managed relations with other city-states. Each year Athenian citizens held a lottery to choose the council members. They thought an election might unfairly favor the rich, who were well-known. Terms on the council were limited to one year, and no one could serve on the council for more than two terms. Therefore every citizen had a chance to be a council member.
