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I

The Society for Historical Archaeology

NEWSLETTER NORMAN F. BARKA, Newsletter Editor

DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOOY, COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY, WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA 23185

Volume 15 Number 1 March 1982

INDEX

page

EDITOR'S CORNER.................... 1 1982 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETING........ 1 J.C. HARRINGTON MEDAL.............. 14 J.C. HARRINGTON .••••••••••••••••••• 14 1983 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETING........ 17 PEOPLE YOU SHOULD KNOW............. 19 SHA COMMITTEES •••••••••••••••••••• 20 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ••••••••••• 21 LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS •••••••••••••••• 22 BOOK REVIEWS UPDATE •••••••••••••••• 22 FIELD SCHOOLS •••••••••••••••••••••• 24 REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION ••••••••••• 25 UPCOMING CONFERENCES ••••••••••••••• 26 PAST CONFERENCES ••••••••••••••••••• 26 RECENT PUBLICATIONS •••••••••••••••• 27 CURRENT RESEARCH ••• ~............... 30 SPECIAL RESEARCH REPORT •••••••••••• 47

EDITOR'S CORNER

As the new Newsletter Editor, I wish to first of all express my appreciation to the previous editor, Lester A. Ross. Over the past five years, Les has developed the Newsletter into the finest publication of its type in archaeology. He can "retire" with the knowledge that he has done an excellent job.

Parks Canada should also be acknowledged for the, tremendous support it has given to Les and previous Canadian editors over the past thirteen years.

Special thanks should also go to John L. Cotter who, for, many years gathered news as Current Research Coordinator for the Northeast.

I will do my best to maintain the high standards and informational value of the Newsletter. However, the Newsletter will

I continue to be successful only with your

help. Please continue to send news of your activities and other pertinent information.

The recent growth of historical archaeology and SHA has been phenomenal. J. C. Harrington, who played a major role in the development of our field, probably never thought he would attend a conference (as in Philadelphia, 1982) where nearly 750 people came to hear 325 papers on historical archaeology I

The immediate future, however, does not look so bright. Bleak economic conditions and the policies of the Reagan administration are beginning to have adverse effects on archaeology and historic preservation. It is essential that SHA members express their concern to their representatives in Washington. Along these lines, you are urged to read Marjorie Ingle's Legislative Affairs report in this issue of the Newsletter.

1982 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETINGS

The 15th Annual Meeting of the SOCiety for Historical Archaeology and the 13th Annual Meeting of the Conference on Underwater Archaeology were held on 7-10 January 1982 at the University Hilton Hotel, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The meetings were hosted by the University Museum and "the University of Pennsylvania and sponsored by the following: City of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, UniverSity Museum, National Park Service (Mid-Atlantic Region), Independence National Historical Park, and the Atwater Kent Museum. John L. Cotter and Robert L. Schuyler were General Chairmen for the meeting.

This was the largest SHA/CUA Annual Meet­ing to date, with a total of 743 official registrants. Of this total, 507 were regular registrants and 236 were students. A few statistics on the origins of the

...

registrants who officially attended the meeting: mid-Atlantic region (313); South­ea.st (86); New England (75); Midwest (58); Plains (15); Southwest (28); Texas (26); California (19); Northwest (8); Alaska (6): Hawaii (2); Canada (52): Europe (5): Latin America (4).

The Program consisted of 50 Sessions (38 SHA and 12 CUA) and 325 papers were given. The following listing of papers is provided for our members who were unable to attend the conference. It should be noted that this listing follows the program as pub­lished, and includes some papers which were not delivered, excluding those which were last minute substitutions.

(1) SHA/CUAJoint Keynote Session: His­torical Archaeology and the Other Dis­ciplines - Somerville: Archaeology of a Coal

Mining Community by James Deetz (Uni­versity of California, Berkeley).

- St. Clair: Ethnohistory of a Coal Mining Community by Anthony F. C. Wallace (University of Pennsyl­vania) •

- Social History of Afro-Americans by Herbert G. Gutman (CUNY).

- Archaeology of Afro-Americans by Charles Fairbanks (University of Florida.

Society for Historical Archaeology Ses­sions:

(2) EXPLORING THE SPATIAL DIMENSION OF HIS­TORIC SITES organized by Henry M. Miller (St. Mary's City Commission).

- Artifact Distributions at 'Round­about' (18ST271): A Case for Plowzone Archaeology by John P. McCarthy (Temple University).

- Observations on the Settlement Pat­terning of 17th Century Sites in the Chesapeake RegiOn by Wayne Clark (Maryland Historical Trust) and Michael Smolek (Southern Maryland Regional Preservation Center).

- Toward the Archaeological Study of Past Landscapes: An Exhortation by Garry W. Stone (St. Mary's City Com­mission) •

- 'A Fairly Large Village': Settlement Pa t terns a t Governor's Land, Near Jamestown, Virginia by Alain C. Outlaw (Virginia Research Center for Archaeology).

- Discovering a 17th Century Village: Excavations in St. Mary's City, Maryland by Henry M. Miller and Alexander H. Morrison III (St. Mary's City Commission).

- Spatial Distributions at Drayton Hall Plantation by Lynne G. Lewis (National Trust for Historic Preser­vation).

- Landscape as Artifact: Spatial Dimensions of Monticello by Douglas W. Sanford (Thomas Jefferson Me­morial Foundation).

(3) CURRENT RESEARCH ON HISTORICAL PROB­LEMS IN THE 19th CENTURY MIDWEST organized by Frederick W. Lange (Illinois State University). - Old Davidsonville: A Look at Frontier

Life in Arkansas (1815-1829) by Shawn

SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWSLETTER

Published Quarterly in March, Juna, October, and Decembar. Subscription Rat .. : Individual Habera $20.00 US

Institutional M_ara $40.00 US

Newa1etter Editor: Norman F. Barka

Special News Editors: lecent Publicationa: Scott L. Carpenter Lelia1ative New.: Marjorie Ingle

Current Research Editors: Northeast: Mary C. Beaudry Southea.t: Kathleen A. Dealan Gulf State.: Anne A. Fox Midwest: Charles E. Cleland Central Plaina: Robert T. Bray Northern Plains &

Northweat: Roderick Spralue Canada - Prairie: Peter J. Priess Canada - Western: Donald Steer Ceribbean: David R. Watters Underwater: Robert Grenier

Mountain States: Gsrvey C. Wond

Pacif1c West: Paul J. F. Sch .... cher Southwest: J .... E. Ayres Cenada - Atlantic: Birlitta Wallace Canada - Quebec: Pierre Nadon Canada - Ontario: Kadi. Kark1ina

Editorial Addre.s: Society for H1etorica1 Archaeo1olY Newal.tter, Department of Anthropology, Colle.e of William and Mary, Willi .. sbutg, Virlinia 23185

BuBine .. Address: (new .uhcriptions, changes of addres., subscription fulfillment matters): Circulation Department, Society for Historical Archaeo1olY, 1703 New H .. pshire Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20009

Copyright <C> 1982

Soci.ty for Hi.torica1 ArchasololY all rilhta r.~.rved

2 j

Bonath (Illinois State University). - New Insights into Glass Container

Classifications by Ronald W. Deiss (Illinois State University).

- Summary and Comparison of Seven His­toric Sites Affected by the FA1-270 in the American Bottom Region of Southwestern Illinois by Mark E. Esarey (Illinois State University).

- Rock Island Arsenal: A Military Industrial Complex on the Mississippi: An Archeological, His­torical, and Architectural Overview by Frederick W. Lange, Titus M. Karlowicz, Henry Moy (Illinois State University).

- Definition of a Pike County (Illinois) Folk Building Tradition by Floyd R. Mansberger (Illinois State University).

- The Red House Site (11-St-162): A Small 19th Century Euro-American Farmstead by Joseph S. Phillippe (Illinois State University).

- 19th Century Euro-American Settlement Processes: Three Illinois Examples by Charles R. Smith (Illinois State University).

(4) POWER, CLASS AND CONFLICT: NEW APPROACHES IN ARCHAEOLOGY organized by William Askins, Roselle Henn, Jed Levin (CUNY). - Archaeology and Class Society by Jed

Levin (CUNY). - Elites and Extinction in Norse

Greenland by Thomas McGovern (CUNY). - The Changing Role of the Household in

Industrial America by Roselle Henn (CUNY) •

- Modes of Production and New England Farmsteads by Robert Paynter (Uni­versity of Massachusetts, Amherst).

- Ethnicity as Process by William Askins (CUNY).

- Discussants: Robert L. Schuyler (University of PA) and Herbert G. Gutman (Graduate Center, CUNY).

(5) SHIRLEY PLANTATION: PREHISTORIC TO PRESENT organized by Dr. Theodore R. Reinhart (College of William and Mary). - An Overview of the Phenomenon of the

Plantation Institution by Michelle McVadon.

- Early Shirley, The Prehistory of Shirley Plantation by Michael W. Morris (University of Tennessee).

3

- Interpreting the "Root Cellar" Site and its Relationship to the Eigh­teenth Century Mansion and Forecourt at Shirley Plantation by Judith A. Habicht (Harvard University).

- Slave and Tenant Farmers at Shirley Plantation by Genevieve Leavitt (College of William and Mary/Uni­versity of Arizona).

- World War II Shirley by Susan Jolley (University of Delaware).

- Shirley Plantation: Documentation, Informants, and the Archaeology by Theodore R. Reinhart (College of William and Mary).

(6) HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY WEST OF THE BLUE RIDGE: A REGIONAL EXAMPLE FROM ROCK­BRIDGE COUNTY, VIRGINIA organized by Lawrence E. Babits (Washington and Lee University). - Historic Site Research at the Under­

graduate Teaching Institution by John McDaniel (Washington & Lee University).

- History of Rockbridge County As Lived and Written by Parker Potter (Brown University).

- Survey and Sampling Procedures by Jim Adams (Washington & Lee University).

- Archaeological Interpretation of Western Rockbridge County, Virginia by Michael Gregory (Washington & Lee University) •

- 'Log Cabins' and Other Structures in the Lower Shenandoah Valley by L. E. Babits, William Cole (Washington & Lee University).

- Kinship and Land Pattern Usage in Rockbridge County, Virginia by Henry Langhorn (Washington & Lee Univer­sity) •

- Slavery and Census Data from Rock­bridge County, Virginia by Goeff Sisk (Washington & Lee University).

- Site Representation in The "Real World" of the Past: Account Book Archaeology by David Bowen (Washington & Lee University).

- Historical Archaeology and The Analysis of a Region by L. E. Babits (Washington & Lee University).

- Discussants: Mark P. Leone (Univer­sity of Maryland) and Marley Brown (Colonial Williamsburg).

(7) CEMETERIES IN CONTEXT organized by Elizabeth A. Crowell (University of Pa.) •

- Cemeteries in the Cultural Land­scape: An Example from the Desert West by Robert L. Schuyler (Univer­sity of Pa.).

- Ethnicity in the Graveyard by Conrad M. Goodwin (College of William and M8ry) •

- Cape May: Uncarved Images and Migra­tory Gravestones, Problems in Cemetery-Gravestone Studies by Elizabeth A. Crowell (University of Pa.) •

- Cross-Cultural Variation in Modern Cemetery Assemblages by Edwin S. Dethlefsen (College of William and Mary) •

- Discussant: James Deetz (University of California).

(8) ARCHAEOLOGY OF HISTORIC TECHNOLOGY IN NORTH AMERICA organized by Lester A. Ross (Parks Canada). - The Archaeology of Historic Tech­

nology in North America: Intro­ductory Remarks by Lester A. Ross (Parks Canada).

- Site Definition in Large-scale Industrial Communities by Edward F. Heite

- The Archaeological Analysis of Pre­Industrial Revolution Blacksmith Shops by John D. Light (University of Western Ontario).

- Damariscove, An Island to Make Fish On: Being an Approach to Studying the Early Permanent Fishing Settlements in Maine by Alaric Faulkner (Univer­sity of Maine).

- A Brick and Tile Kiln in Alto California by Julia G. Costello (Uni­versi ty of California, Santa Barbara) •

- Technological Sys'tems on the Nevada Mining Frontier by Donald L. Hardesty (University of Nevada, Reno) and Sharon Edaburn (Churchill County Museum) •

- A Dirty Business: Charcoal Making by William G. Btickles (University of Southern Colorado).

- The Archaeological Study and Inter­pretation of Western Railroads by Sharon L. Edaburn ( Churchill County) •

- Nineteenth-Century Development of the North American Meat Industry and the Shift from Local to Non-local Market Systems in the Pacific North-

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west by Julia Longenecker (Univer­sity of Idaho and Darby Stapp (Uni­versity of Pa.).

(9) RECENT HISTORICAL SITE ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE POTOMAC VALLEY orga­nized by Douglas C. Comer (National Park Service). - Arlington House: Particular Aspects

of Elite Material Culture by John F. Pousson (National Park Service).

- Matildaville: An 18th Century Industrial Community by Herbert C. Fisher, Charles C. Troup.

- Problems and Prospects in the Use of Osteological Materials in Historic Sites Archaeology by Paul Y. Inashima (National Park Service).

- Archeological Excavations at Site 18FR320 Catoctin Furnace, Maryland by Alex H. Townsend.

- Metallurgical Analysis of Iron from Catoctin, Maryland by Helen Schenck (MASCA, University of Pa.).

- Barry's Farm: Archaeology of A Black Freedmen's Bureau Settlement by Elizabeth W. Anderson.

- The Maryland Coal Region Archeo­logical Project: Historic Sites of the Upper Potomac River Basin by Ken Lacoste (Maryland Geological Survey) •

(10) URBAN ARCHAEOLOGY IN CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA organized by E. Harold (Charleston Museum), T. A. Singleton (The College of Charleston) - A Plan for Preservation and Recovery

of Archaeological Resources in Charleston, S.C. by Martha A. Zierden (Charleston Museum).

- Archaeological Research at the Heywood-Washington House Site, Charleston, South Carolina by Elaine B. Herold (Charleston Museum).

- Patterning in the Archaeological Record: Results from Charleston by Nicholas Henerkamp, R. Bruce Council, and Elizabeth Will (Univer­sity of Tennessee-Chattanooga).

- Historic Dietary Patterns on the Southeastern Coastal Plain by Elizabeth J. Reitz (University of Georgia) and Nicholas Hanberkamp (University of Tennessee­Cha t tanooga) •

- Ceramic Stylistic Variations Recovered from Charleston by Theresa

A. Singleton Charleston) •

(The College of

(11) FAUNAL, FLORAL, AND HUMAN SKELETAL ANALYSES IN HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY organized by Pam Jean Crabtree (Univer­sity of Pa.). - Fish Scales in Archaeology: A Me­

thodological Approach by David A. Singer (U. of Massachusetts, Boston).

- Medieval and Early Modern London: The Contribution of Documentary and Pictorial Sources to Archaeo­zoological Research by Philip L. Armitage (British Museum).

- St. Albans Abbey and Romeland: The Archaeozoology of Two Medieval Sites in Eastern England by Pam Jean Crabtree (University of Pa.).

- History, Archaeology, and Skeletons: A Case Study in Cultural Change by Caroline M. Stuckert (University of Pa.) •

- Zooarchaeology and Paleoeconomy in Norse Greenland by Thomas McGovern (Hunter-CUNY).

- The Spatial Organization of Animal Management on the Estates of Peter­borough Abbey (England) 1100-1350 A.D. by Kathleen Biddick (Toronto, Pims) •

- Seed Analysis in Historic Sites Archaeology by Roberta Zullick Taylor (Temple University).

- Toward a More Holistic Perspective in Historic Sites Faunal Analysis by Sharon Burnston (Temple University).

(12) THE USES OF HISTORY, ETHNOHISTORY AND HISTORICAL ARCHEOLOGY FOR THE INVESTI­GATION OF AFRO-AMERICAN SITES orga­nized by John R. Kern (Commonwealth Assoc., Inc.). - History, Archeology and the Transi­

tion from Slavery to Tenancy in Northeastern Mississippi by Ira Berlin (University of Maryland).

- Reconstructing the Lives of Ordinary People: A Study in the Ethno­historical Method by Eleanor M. Ramsey (University of California, Berkeley) •

- Digging for Roots: Recent Slave Site Archeology in Virginia by William M. Kelso (Th. Jefferson Mem. Found.).

- The Role of Oral and Documentary Sources in Afro-American Archeology

5

by Theresa A. Singleton (College of Charleston) •

(13) ARCHAEOLOGY OF HISTORIC TECHNOLOGY IN NORTH AMERICA organized by Lester A. Ross (Parks Canada). - Archaeological Assessment of the

Quality of Labor in Early American Glass Factories by Frederick J. E. Gorman (Boston University). System and Technological Process: The Evolution and Decline of a 19th Century Ceramics Manufactory by Robert Fryman and Gregory M. Shreve (Kent State University). Power Transmission Technology: A Case Study in Reconstructing Complex Systems by Theodore Z. Penn (Old Sturbridge Village). Modeling Sixteenth-Century Spanish Basque Coopering Technology: Adapting Schiffer's 'Flow Model for Durable Elements' for Complex Industries by Lester A. Ross (Parks Canada) • Re-creating Low Technology in a Living History Laboratory by John Worrell (Old Sturbridge Village).

( 14) RECENT HISTORICAL SITE ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE POTOMAC VALLEY orga­nized by Douglas C. Comer (National Park Service). - Excavations at E. C. Lawrence Park,

Fairfax County, Virginia by Ed Chatelain (Fairfax Co. Archeological Survey) •

- Ferry Hill. A Case Study in His­torical Archaeology by Robin D. Ziek (National Park Service).

- Archaeology at Harper's Ferry National Historical Park, West Virginia by Scott Carpenter (National Park Service).

- A Typology of 19th Century Buttons From Harper's Ferry National His­torical Park, W. Virginia by Catherine Blee (National Park Ser­vice).

- Historic Sites on the Battlefield of Manassas by Thomas McGarry (National Park Service).

(15) THE TOMBIGBEE HISTORIC TOWNSITES PRO­JECT: A PROGRESS REPORT ON THIRD PHASE INVESTIGATIONS organized by W. Lee Minnerly and Charles E. Cleland (Michigan State University).

r - Archaeological Mitigation at Barton,

Mississippi: A Descriptive Summary of Methods and Results by W. Lee Minnerly (Michigan State Univer­sity) •

- A Progress Report on the Tombigbee Historic Townsites Field Laboratory by Robert Sonderman (Michigan State University).

- Large Scale Archaeomagnet1c Survey: A Preliminary Evaluation of Results from the Barton Townsite by Randall J. Mason (Michigan State Univer­sity) •

- The Economics of the Diffusion of Material Culture on the Late 19th Century Vinton Townsite: A Quali­tative Approach by Charles E. Cleland (Michigan State University).

(16) 17th CENTURY ENGLISH AND DUTCH MATERIAL CULTURE: PROBLEMS IN INTERPRETATION organized by James W. Bradley (Massachusetts Hist. Commission). - 17th Century Pemaquid and Its Trade

Patterns by Neill DePaoli (Massachusetts Hist. Commission).

- A Brief Survey of Selected Items of Dutch Material Culture of the 17th Century at Fort Orange in Albany, New York by Paul Huey (New York State Historic Sites Bureau).

- The Material Culture of 17th Century Maryland and Colonial Trade Networks by Henry Miller (St. Mary's City Com­mission) •

- Discussant: Barry Kent.

(17) THE PURPOSE OF ARCHAEOLOGY, VIEWS AND EXAMPLES organized by John L. Cotter (University of Pa.). - An· International View of the Meaning

and Purpose of Archaeology by John L. Cotter (University of Pa.).

- A Program for Learning: The Heritage of our Material Culture by Emmanuel M. Kramer (Cheltenham High School).

- Paper and comments by Stephen Williams (Harvard University).

(18) ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE COMMUNITY organized by Pamela J. Cressey (Alexandria Urban Archaeology Program). - Alexandria's Vision of Community

Archaeology by Col. Bernard Brenman (Alexandria Archaeological Com­mission) •

- The History of A City's Archaeo-

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logical Program: Alexandria's Experience by Vivienne Mitchell (Alexandria Archaeological Research Center) •

- Volunteers and Historical Archaeology A Volunteer's View by Eugenia Luckman (Alexandria Archaeo­logical Research Center).

- Volunteers in the Laboratory: How to Study Two Million Artifacts in Less than a Lifetime by Barbara H. Magid (Alexandria Archaeological Research Center) •

- What Did Alexandrians Put on their Plates? by Richard Wheeler, Peggy Weiss (Alexandria Archaeological Research Center).

- Keeping the Public Informed: Some Means of. Disseminating Archaeo­logical Information by Steven J. Shepard.

- The Role of the Planner in Community Archaeology: A Future for the Past by Gail Rothrock.

- Volunteers in the Museum: Why Do We Work So Hard On Our Days Off? by Barbara J. Lumbis. .

- Historic Archaeology and the Contem­porary Community by Pamela J. Cressey (Alexandria Urban Archaeology Pro­gram) •

(19) THE YORKTOWN POTTERY FACTORY, VIRGINIA organized by Norman F. Barka (College of William and Mary). - Pursuing an Elusive Goal: The Docu­

mentary Evidence and the Yorktown Pottery Factory by Edward Ayres (Flowerdew Hundred Foundation). The Site, Kilns, and Structural Evi­dence by Norman F. Barka (College of William and Mary). An Analysis of the Yorktown Pottery: A Modern Craftsman's Response by Thomas H. Spleth, Thomas J. Roberts, Douglas K. Casebeer (New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred Univer­sity) • Ceramic Forms Produced at the York­town Pottery Factory by Chris Sheridan (College of William and Mary) • Analysis of Yorktown Pottery Arti­facts: Part I - Methods by P. E. Johnson, J. R. Varner, V. L. Burdick (New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University). Analysis of Yorktown Pottery Arti-

facts: Part II - Results by P. F. Johnson, J. R. Varner, V.L. Burdick (New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University).

(20) CONSERVATION/BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS or­ganized by Anne W. H. Garland (College of William and Mary). - Conservation, Education, and

Training to Reduce Archeological Costs by Curtis Moyer (College of William and Mary). Conservation Supplies Needed in the Field by Katherine Singley (Univer­sity of South Carolina). Put Your Artifacts 'On Hold'? Realistic ideas for Minimizing Damage Until Budget Levels Allow for Conservation Programs... .Again! by Nancy Demyttenarrae Radiographic Assessment of Archaeo­logical Collections for Conservation by Anne W. H. Garland (College of William and Mary). Raise a Cannon and Sink Your Time and Budget into Conservation by Roni Sue Hinote .•

(21) ALTERNATIVE ECONOMIC STRATEGIES IN RURAL NEW ENGLAND organized by Patricia E. Rubertone and Joan Gallagher (Brown Uni versi ty) • - Industrial Evolution: The Persis­

tence of Economic Patterns in Norton, Massachusetts by Joan Gallagher (Brown University).

- Forest Industries and Rural-Urban Exchange Patterns by Patricia E. Rubertone and Peter F. Thorbahn (Brown University).

- Ceramic Production in the Exchange Network of an Agricultural Neigh­borhood by John Worrell (Old Stur­bridge Village).

- Frontier Patterns and Regional Economics on Outer Cape Cod by Patricia E. Rubertone and Peter F. Thorbahn (Brown University).

- Rural Coastal Modes of Exchange: In the Wake of the Coasters by Leonard W. Loparto (Brown University).

- Discussant: Robert Paynter (Univer­sity of Massachusetts, Amherst).

(22) URBAN ARCHEOLOGY ON THE UPPER TEXAS GULF COAST organized by Texas Anderson (Rice University). - The Walls and Walkways of Ashton

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Villa: Permutations in House Form and Site Plan Over 120 Years by Texas Anderson (Rice University).

... Foodways of the Elite in the Late Nineteenth Century: The Faunal and Floral Evidence from Ashton Villa by Richard Gregg (Shell Development Co.) •

- Reflections of Affluence in the Glass of Ashton Villa by Shirley Wetzel (Rice University).

- Industrial Development in Galveston: Profile of a Southern Port City, 1850-1880 by Roger Moore (Rice Uni­versity).

- Archeology in the Public Eye: The Public Relations Aspect of the Ashton Villa Project by Pam Wheat (River Oaks School).

(23) THE ARTIFACT AS SIGN: THE MATERIAL WORLD OF THOMAS MENDENHALL organized by Bernard L. Herman (University of Dela­ware) - Papers by:

Bernard L. Herman (University of Delaware) Diane Douglas (University of Delaware) Dean E. Nelson (Del. Div. of

Museums)

(24) CURRENT RESEARCH I - The Development of a Socio-Economic

Urban Community Model by Suzanne Spencer-Wood and Richard Julian Riley (University of Massachusetts).

- The Social and Economic Dynamics of Property-Holding and Property-Trans­mission: A Key to Understanding For­mation Process in Historical Archaeology by Steven Mrzowski (Brown University) and Marley Brown, III (Colonial Williamsburg). Industrialization or Preservation: A Compromise or Dilemma in American Archaeology by John White (Youngstown State University).

- The Drax Hall Slave Settlement: An Archaeological Investigation of Slave Culture on Jamaican Plantation by Douglas V. Armstrong (University of California, Los Angeles).

- Historical and Archaeological Sites in View of the Environmental Impact Statement by Charles C. Kolb (Behrend College, Pennsylvania State Univer­sity).

, - Archaeological Survey of the English

Set tlements of Port Royal, Roa tan Island, Honduras by J. David McBride (Louisiana State University).

- Microcomputers: State of the Art Methods for Archaeologists by E. F. Heite, L. B. Heite (Camden, Dela­ware).

(25) STRUCTURAL APPROACHES TO ARCHAEOLOGY: ARE THEY POSSIBLE? organized by Anne Yentsch (University of Maryland). - Discovering Kinship in Historic

America: Structuralism, Archaeo­logical History, and Myth by Russell G. Handsman (American Indian Archaeological Institute).

- Can You Dig Levi-Strauss? Re-exami­nation and a New Analysis of the Structuralist Paradigm by Peter Schmidt (Brown University).

- Excavating Documents by Mary C. Beaudry (Boston University).

- The Mind in Artifact by Henry Glassie (University of Pennsylvania).

- Structuralism vs. Critical Theory in Historical Archaeology by Mark P. Leone (University of Maryland).

- Discussant, James Deetz (University of California, Berkeley).

(26) MATERIAL CULTURE STUDIES organized by Brooks S. Blades (National Park Ser­vice). - The Very Latest Rage: Design Trends

in Twentieth Century Ceramics by Priscilla Wegars and Caroline D. Carley (University of Idaho).

- Glimpses of The Yellow Brick Road, Views from the Enchanted Forest (17th Century Ft. Orange) by Joseph Sopko (New York State Office of Parks and Recreation).

- A Study of Refuse Disposal at the Jenkins Site in Southern Illinois by Terry J. Powell (American Resources Group Ltd.).

- A Revised Temporal Context for Thir­teen Star Patriotic Style White Clay Pipes by Dean L. Anderson (Michigan State University).

- Some Comments on Ceramic Usage in Rural Southeastern Pennsylvania During the Nineteenth Century by David G. Orr, Douglas V. Campana and Brooke S. Blades (National Park Ser­vice).

- Social Dimensions of Ceramic Use in

8

Southwestern Ontario 1814-1867 by Ian Kenyon (Ontario Ministry of Cul­ture and Recreation) and Thomas Kenyon (Ontario Archaeological Society).

- Artifact Volume: A Behaviorally Significant Dimension of Cultural Residues by Conrad Jay Bladey (National Park Service).

(27) INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY organized by Joseph Hall, IV - Wrought-Iron Tombstones of Western

PA by Thomas J. Hannon (Slippery Rock College) •

- The LaMoine Lumber & Trading Company: An Archaeologist Looks at History by Trudy Vaughan.

- Historical and Industrial Archaeology in a Communal Society: Canterbury Shaker Village by David R. Starbuck (University of New Hampshire).

- Archaeological Implications for Locating and Identifying Portable Sawmill Sites: A Model Derived from Ethnohistorical Data in S.E. Mass. by Brona G. Simon (Brown University).

- Exploring Buried Buxton: Archaeo­logical Investigations of an Aban­doned, Early 20th Century Coal Mining Town in Southern Iowa by David Gradwohl and Nancy Osborn (Iowa State University) •

- Results of Archaeological Investi­ga t ions at Thomas Edison's Boyhood Home by Richard B. Stamps (Oakland University).

- Harrison Brothers Chemical Company in Philadelphia by W. S. Zimmt

- Historical and Industrial Sites in Southeast Trenton: Archaeological Survey in Advance of 1-95, 1-295, NJ29 by Richard W. Hunter and Richard L. Porter (Louis Berger & Associ­ates).

(28) RECENT HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN PHILADELPHIA organized by Alex H. Townsend (John Milner Assoc.) and Michael Parrington (University of Pennsylvania) • - The History and Archaeology of Phila­

delphia Roads and Streets by Michael Parrington (Uni versi ty of Pennsyl­vania) •

- Nineteenth Century Transfer-Printed Earthenware as a Mass Media: 1820-

i

! I

1850 by Betty Cosans (John Milner Associates).

- Archeological Excavations at the Pennsylvania Hospital by Barbara Liggett (Atwater-Kent Museum).

- Archaeology and the Philadelphia Center City Commuter Tunnel by Alex H. Townsend (John Milner Associ­ates) •

- The Manning Street Si te Phila­delphia: An Urban Case Study by Douglas Compana and Brooke Blades (National Park Service).

(29) VIRGINIA'S STATEWIDE PROGRAM IN HIS­TORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY organized by Alain C. Outlaw (Virginia Research Center for Archaeology). - Virginia's Underwater Archaeology

Program by John D. Broadwater (Virginia Research Center for Archaeology).

- River Creek and Bennet Farm: A Case Study in Salvage Archaeology by Nicholas M. Luccketti (Virginia Research Center for Archaeology).

- Historical Archaeology Programs of the Virginia Historic Landmarks Com­mission's Research Center for Archaeology by Alain Outlaw (Virginia Research Center for Archaeology).

- Digging Urban History in Virginia: Or, Can the State of Williamsburg, Jamestown, and Thomas Jefferson Find Meaning in its 19th Century City Sites? by Pamela J. Cressey, John F. Stephens (Alexandria Archaeological Research Center).

- City and Commonwealth: A Mutual Com­mittment to Urban Archaeological Preservation by Pamela J. Cressey and John F. Stephens (Alexandria Archaeological Research Center).

(30) HISTORIC SETTLEMENT PATTERN IN THE DELMARVA PENINSULA organized by Susan L. Henry (Del. Dept. of Trans.). - Historic Archaeology on a Regional

Scale: A Research Approach by Susan L. Henry (Del. Dept. of Trans.). Penn's Lower Counties: Mercantile­Rural Dichotomy in Settlement Pat­terning in 18th-Century Delaware by Alice H. Guerrant (Delaware Bureau of Archaeology and Historic Preser­vation) • Effects of Transportation Variables

9

on Settlement Pattern in 19th-Cen­tury pelaware by Susan L. Henry (Del. Dept. of Trans.) and Alice H. Guerrant (Del. Bureau of Arch. & Hist. Pres.).

- Historic Settlement Patterns on Maryland's Eastern Shore by Thomas E. Davidson (Salisbury State College).

- The Land of Pleasant Living: A Study of Historic Settlement on the Virginia Eastern Shore by J. Mark Wittkofski (Virginia Research Center for Archaeology).

(31) HISTORICAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO SAINT EUSTATIUS, NETHERLANDS ANTILLES organized by Edwin S. Dethlefsen (College of William and Mary) • - A Preliminary Archaeological Survey

and Assessment of the Land Resources of St. Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles by Jay B. Haviser (Florida Division of Archaeology & History) and Stephen J. Gluckman (University of South Florida).

- The SystemiCS of Dutch Trade with the English in the Leewards, 1669-1700: An Historical Aid for Predictive Modeling by Anne W. Garland (College of William and Mary).

- Historical Archaeology of Saint Eustatius, 1981 by Norman F. Barka (College of William and Mary).

- The Underwater Survey of St. Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles by Ken Hardin and Stephen J. Gluckman (University of South Florida).

- What Were the Questions? Historical Summary and Archaeological Implica­tions by Edwin Dethlefsen (College of William and Mary). The Physical and Historical Geo­graphic Setting of Galways Sugar Plantation, Montserrat, West Indies by Lydia M. Pulsipher (University of Tennessee, Knoxville).

- The Galways Archaeology Project by Conrad M. Goodwin (College of William and Mary).

(32) GLASS CONTAINERS: TECHNOLOGY, FUNC­TION, AND TRADE NETWORKS organized by Sherene Baugher-Perlin (New York City Landmarks Commission). - Henry Ricketts and his Patent Bottle

Mold by Olive Jones (Parks Canada). - Machine-Made Glass Containers and

the End Production for Mouth-Blown Bottles by George L. Miller (Parks Canada) and Catharine Sullivan (Parks Canada).

- Impact of Machine Production on Bottles and Closures: A Case Study of the Dominion Glass Company, Montreal by George L. Miller (Parks Canada) and Antony Pacey (Parks Canada).

- Documented in Glass: The Bottle Record from Skunk Hollow, a 19th Cen­tury Rural Black Community by Joan H. Geismar (Columbia University).

- A Study of Bottle Glass from Richmondtown, Staten Island: A Study of Trade Networks and Consumption Patterns by Sherene Baugher-Perlin (N.Y.C. Landmarks Preservation Commission).

- Glass Containers and Household Level Consumption: Three Families in Sandy Ground by William Askins ( Ci ty College/The Graduate Center).

- Discussant: Robert L. Schuyler (Uni­versity of Pennsylvania).

(33) CURRENT RESEARCH II organized by John White (Youngstown State University) and LuAnn DeCunzo (Uni versi ty of Pennsylvania). - Navaho Artifact Assemblages: What is

Versus What Should Be by Cindy L. Myers (Arizona State Univer­sity/Janus Association).

- Economics and Ethnicity: An Archaeo­logical Perspective on 19th Century Paterson, N.J. by LuAnn DeCunzo (Uni­versity of Pennsylvania).

- Nineteenth Century Gravestones: Image of the Frontier Mentality by Denise Jones (University of Pennsyl­yania) •

- The Joachim deBrum House, Likeip Atoll, Marshall Islands by Edward B. Jelks (Illinois State University).

- Archaeological Studies of Russian America: A Delineation of Answered and Unanswered Research Questions by Timothy L. Dilliplane (Alaska Office of History & Archaeology).

- Reciprocity and the American Frontier: A Proposed Archaeology Model by T. Payne and K. Basalik ( CuI tural Heri tage Research Ser­vices) •

- Unearthing Quakertown: The Ini tial Phase by John R. White (Youngstown State University).

10

- Frontier Finance in Early Nineteenth Century Illinois by Barbara E. Cohen (Southern Illinois University).

- The History and Archaeology of the Trenton Potteries by Richard Hunter (Louis Berger & Associates) and Robert Hebditch (NYU).

(34) THE CAPABILITIES OF GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS organized by Bruce Bevan (Geosight) and Helen Schench (MASCA, University of Pennsylvania). - The Discovery of the Taylor House

Petersburg National Battlefield by David G. Orr (National Park Service) and Bruce Bevan (Geosight). Sensing Techniques at Colonial Sites in the Illinois Country by Melburn D. Thurman (Old Missouri Research Institute) • Digital Enhancement of Ground Pene­trating Radar Data by Jeff L. Kenyon (Bureau of Reclamation). Combined Magentic and Chemical Surveys at Fort Kaskaskia and Fort de Chartres, Illinois by John Weymouth (University of Nebraska) and,William Woods (South Illinois University). Experimental Survey Techniques for Archaeology by Jeffrey C. Wynn (U.S. Geological Survey) , Susan I. Sherwood (National Park Service), and Charles Henry (U.S. Geological Survey) • Interpretation and Field Investi­gation of Magnetic Survey Data from Barton (22CL807), Mississippi: A Preliminary Discussion of Results by Randall J. Mason (Michigan State University).

(35) METHODOLOGY organized by Kan Basalik (Cultural Heritage Research Services). - Considerations and Problems in The

Analysis and Curation of Large Historic Artifact Assemblages by Mark Benton (Carneigie Museum). Settlement in the Ouachita Mts: Testing A Documentary-Derived Model of Historic Settlement Systems Development by Roger Moore (Rice Uni­versity). CuI tural Resource Management and Contemporary Historiography: A Look at the Significance of Inter­disciplinary Research at the Sharpley's Bot tom Site, Mississippi and the Millwood Plantation Site,

South Carolina by Theodore J. Karamanski (Loyola University).

- The Applicability of Poisson Distri­bution Analysis to Regional Studies in Historical Archaeology by Charles A. Hulse (Michigan State Univer­sity).

- A Regional Approach to Inventory Survey: The Hoodoo Mining District, Idaho by Richard Waldbauer (Univer­si ty of Idaho).

- The Interlaken and Twin Lakes His­toric Districts High Altitude Mitigation - 1982 by Jeff Kenyon (Bureau of Reclamation).

- Small Samples and Hypotheses Forma­tion in Contract Archaeology: Highway Archaeology in Gloucester County, N.J. By K. Basalik (Cultural Heritage Research Services).

- The Archeological Resource Develop­ment Plan by Conrad Jay Bladay (National Park Service).

(36) CURRENT RESEARCH III organized by Peter Bingham Mires (Louisiana Division of Archaeology). - Fort Loudon, Tennessee: Report of

Excavation by Carl Kuttruff (Tennessee Division of Archaeology).

- Adaption to the Chesapeake: The Evo­lution of the Virginia House, 1607-1750 by Gary Wheeler Stone (St. Mary's City Commission).

- The Wharves & Warehouses at Straw­berry Banke by Faith Harrington (Uni­verSity of California, Berkeley).

- Fort Independence, South Carolina: Fortified Homesite and Revolutionary War Ranger Station by Beverly E. Bastian (Building Conservation Tech­nology).

- The David Sawyer Site: A Mid-19th Century Upland Farmsite in Vermont by Peter Bingham Mires (Louisiana Division of Archaeology).

- From Books to Backhoes, Phoenix Rises Again by Judy L. Brunson (Soil Systems, Inc.).

- Archaeological Pattern Analysis in Historic Phoenix, Arizona by John Lindly and Steadman Upham (Soil Sys­tems, Inc.).

- Origins of Urbanism in the American Southwest: The Archaeology of Phoenix, Arizona by Jeffrey L. Hantman (Soil Systems, Inc./Arizona State University).

11

- The Joso Bridge Construction Camp by Priscilla Wegars, Roderick Sprague (University of Idaho).

(37) URBAN ARCHAEOLOGY: A MIDDLE ATLANTIC EXAMPLE organized by Cara L. Wise (Soil Systems, Inc.) - Project History, Research Questions

and Model Wilmington Blvd. Project by Cara L. Wise (Soil Systems, Inc.). Archaeological Field Methodology by Thomas Ford (Soil Systems, Inc.). History and Historical Methodology by Louise B. Hiete (Soil Systems, Inc.). Analysis of Faunal Remains from the Wilmington Blvd. Project by David Clarke (Catholic University). Wilmington Bl vd. Project Coarse Earthenware Analysis by Thomas B. Ford, Robert Warnock (Soil Systems, Inc.). Patterning in Urban Sites by Cara L. Wise (Soil Systems, Inc.). Archaeological Investigations of the Mill Creek (Filbert) Site by Thomas Ford (Soil Systems, Inc.).

( 38) COLONIAL ARCHAEOLOGY organized by J. Thibaut (University of Pennsylvania). - The Material World of the Continental

Soldier at Valley Forge by M. Parrington, J. Thibaut, H. Schenck (University of Pennsylvania).

- Triune Symbolism and Georgian Domes­tic Architecture by D. W. Ingersoll, Jr. (St. Mary's College of Maryland) •

- Preliminary Feature Analysis from the 1980 Field Excavations of Fort Loudon, PA by Mark Denton (Carnegie Museum) •

- Results from the Excavation of the Olmstead-Goffe House Site, Ga. 1632-1674 by Gray Graffam (Harvard Univer­sity) •

- Fort Dobbs on the Carolina Frontier by L. E. Babi ts (Washington & Lee University).

- Excavations at South Wingfield Manor, England by T. W. Courtney (Committee for Rescue Archaeology in Avon, Gloucestershire and Somerset).

- Urban Archaeology in a Bri tish Colonial Settlement in Ireland, A (London) Derry Example by Gordon Fine (The New University of Ulster).

- Pentagoet: A First Look at Acadian

..

r Maine in the 17th Century by Alaric Faulkner (University of Maine).

Conference on Underwater Archaeology Ses­sions:

(39) CURRENT RESEARCH organized by Martin Klein. - The Hollandia Fire Engine by Rex

Cowan - Recent Development and Applications

of Remote Sensing for Marine Archaeology by Martin Klein.

- New World Export Items from El Nuevo Constante by C. Pearson & Eileen Burdon.

- Evaluation of a Shipwreck Site in Utwa Harbor, Kosrai by Toni Carrell.

- Cartographical Research by Robert F. Marx

- A Case Study in the Application of Technological Historical Analysis of Early Modern Naval Ordnance: The Cannon of the Portuguese Galleon Santissimo Sacramento, Lost off Sal vador, Brasil, in 1886 by J. F. Guilmartin, Jr.

- Search for the U.S.S. Cumberland and the C.S.S. Florida by Sam Margolin.

- A Roman Helmet from Yassi Ada, Turkey by Faith D. Hentschel.

(40) CONSERVATION organized by Katherine Singley. - Conservation of Marine Artifacts

from H.M.S. Culloden by Elizabeth O'Donnell. Stabilization of the Historic Fabric of the U.S.S. Cairo by Tom McGrath & Tom Armstrong. Replication and Study of Anchors and Other Iron Objects from the Serce Liman Glass Wreck by Fred vanDoorninck The Conservation Facility for the Brown's Ferry Vessel by Katherine Singley. The Effect of Pre-freezing on Red Alder from the Hoko River Site by R. James Barbour & Lawrence Leney. The ICOM Waterlogged Wood Working Group: A Summary of Progress by David Grattan. Underwater Molding Techniques on Waterlogged Ship's Timbers.Employing Polysulphide Rubber (Smooth-On Pro-

12

ducts) Flexible Mold Compounds by Lorne D. Murdock & Tom Daley.

- Conservation in Vermont by Ken Morris

(41) THE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGY OF ST. EUSTATIUS, NETHERLANDS ANTILLES by Stephen J. Gluckman. - A Maritime History of St. Eustatius

by Edwin Dethlefsen - The Geography and Geology of St.

Eustatius by Francois van der Hoeven - The Maritime Environment of St.

Eustatius by Wil Nagelkerken. - No Big'Ting: The Lowtech Underwater

Archaeological Survey of St. Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles by Ken Hardin & Stephen J. Gluckman.

- Underwater Garbology: The St. Eustatius Example by Stephen J. Gluckman.

- Symposium: New Programs in Maritime Studies and Underwater Archaeology by Gordon P. Watts, Jr.

- Varying Approaches to Education in Nautical Archaeology by Paul Hundley.

- Academic and Research Objectives of a New Program in Maritime History and Underw.ater Archaeology by Gordon P. Watts, Jr.

- Underwater Archaeology in Newfoundland - Ten Years of Work by Vernon C. Barber.

(42) INUNDATED TERRESTRIAL SITES organized by Reynold J. Ruppe. - Geographical Aspects of Ancient

Harbor Sites in Southern Spain by Sherill L. Spaar. Underwater Investigations at Dor, Israel, 1981 by Dan McCaslin and Otto Orzech. Underwater Excavations at Sabastos: The Harbor Complex of Caesarea Mari­tima, Israel by Robert L. Hohlfelder, John P. Olesen & Avner Raban. A New World Megalithic Site: Bimini by Terry Mahlman & David Zinke Investigations for Locating Submerged Human Habitat on Beringia by G. D. Sharma. Geophysical Remote Sensing as an Aid to Underwater Site Survey by Reynold J. Ruppe. Research Problems of Inland Under­water Archaeology in Central and Western Europe by Gerard Wilke.

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(43) EXCAVATION OF A SIXTEENTH CENTURY BASQUE WHALING STATION AT RED BAY, LABRADOR organized by Robert Grenier.

(44) MARITIME MUSEUMS AND THE MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGIST organized by John O. Sands.

(45) MANAGEMENT LEGISLATION organized by J. Barto Arnold, III. - Development of a Preservation Plan

for Virginia's Submerged Cultural Resources by John Broadwater

- Management of the Monitor National Marine Sanctuary wi th Opportunities to Develop New Deep Water Archaeologic Techniques by Richard Podgorny.

- UNCLOS III: The ' Archaeological Objects' Articles by David R. Watters.

- Platoro Limited, Inc. Vs. The Uniden­tified Remains of a Vessel: Historic Preservation Interests Lose Another Round in Lengthy Treasure-Hunting Case by J. Barto Arnold, III.

- Canadian Legislation Pertaining to Submerged Heritage Resources by Susan B. M. Langley.

- A Perspective on the Status of Ship­wreck Preservation in the United States by Wilburn A. Cockrell.

- Isle Royale Shipwreck Management Program: A Pilot Program by Larry Murphy.

- Post-1900 Shipwrecks: Developing an Archaeological Perspective by Dan Lenihan.

(46) THE DEFENCE PROJECT organized by David C. Switzer. - History and Goals of the Defence

Project by David C. Switzer. - The 1981 Defence Field Season: An

Overview by William A. Bayreuther. - Penobscott Provenances: The Phantom

Pyramid by Warren C. Riess. - A Sampling of Finds: Collections

Within Collections by Sheli O. Smith. - Understanding the Structure of the

Defence by David B. Wyman. - Documenting the Structure of the

Defence by Peter Hentschel. - Symposium: Current Research by Alan

Albright - Diving Suits and Shipwreck Sal vage

Prior to 1915 by Zelide Cowan - Artifacts from an Eighteenth-Century

13

Merchant Vessel Lost at Trinity, New­foundland by Janette M. Barber.

- Preliminary Investigation of the Pool Site, Newcastle, New Hampshire by Richard Schuhmann.

(47) CURRENT RESEARCH organized by Victoria Jenssen. - The Cayman Islands Maritime Heritage

Survey by Roger C. Smith. Use of Shipwrecks as Indicators of Regional Economic Systems: The Lake Erie Example by C. E. Hamilton A Spatial Analysis of Lake Superior Shipwrecks by Charles A. Hulse. Excava tions on a Bronze Age Wreck Site at Dover by M. Dean. Methodology Employed during Site Work on the H.M.S. Culloden by J. E. Allguaer & Christine L. Gustafson. Site Reconstruction and Survey Methodology in the Blackwater Environment by R. J. Anuskiewicz. Excavation and Reconstruction of a Nineteenth-Century Timber Dam on the North Carolina Fall Line by Michael W. Corkran.

(48) SHIP CONSTRUCTION organized by J. Richard Steffy. - Flat-Bottomed Barges in the Roman

Empire by T. Lehmann. The Early Cycladic Longboat--Again by Paul Johnston. The Serce Liman 'Glas Wreck' Hull Reconstruction by J. Richard Steffy. East African Sewn Boats: The 'Mtepe' by Robert M. Adams. In Consideration of the Overlooked: Ship's Pumps by Tom Oertling. Archaeology and the Geneology of Chesapeake Bay Small Craft by Donald G. Shomette. The Wreck of the Steamboat South Bend by Steven T. Rogers and Bruce Thompson. Problems in Archaeological Investi­gation of Pre-Conquest Vessel Types in Middle America by Margaret E. Leshikar.

(49) FEDERAL-STATE AGENCY COORDINATION WORKSHOP organized by Richard Kimmell.

(50) CURRENT RESEARCH - The Potential for Underwater

Archaeology in the Mexican Maya Area by Elsa Hernandez Pons.

r - Schooners,

Cargo: An Ross Cove, Foster.

Steamers and Spilled Underwater Survey of Ft. California by John W.

- The Siege of Charleston by Clive Cussler, Robert Browning, and Wilson West.

- A Critique of Computerized Magnetic Contour Mapping Programs: Is the Planimetric Presentation of Data Valid? by R. J. Anuskiewicz.

- Castillo Guijarros' Academia, the U.S. Navy, and the San Diego Commu­nity Join in the Investigation of a Spanish Fort Site by Roy E. Pattus and James F. Muche.

J.C. HARRINGTON MEDAL IN HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY

Remarks made by Bert Salwen at SHA Presentation Ceremony January 7, 1982, Philadelphia

The Society for Historical Archaeology has successfully completed its fifteenth year of activity. It has grown to include over 1,800 members. Its journal, Historical Archaeology, now appears twice a year, and both the journal and our quarterly news­letter contain ample evidence of the vita­lity of historical archaeology today.

It is probably an indication of our maturity that we are becoming increasingly interested in looking back - in examining our own history as both an academic field and a profession. As part of this interest in our growth and achievements, the Execu­tive Board of SHA decided, last year, to create an.award to nonor those among us who have made particularly significant contri­butions to the field.

It is impossible to consider the beginnings of historical archaeology with­out immediately thinking of one individual, whose work with historic sites and materials extends back almost fifty years, and who 11 terally broke archaeological ground for the rest of us. I refer, of course, to Jean Carl "Pinky" Harrington.

Therefore, the Board felt that it would be appropriate to call our SOCiety's award the J .C. Harrington Medal in Historical Archaeology. Tonight, we are about to ma~e the first presentation of the medal - to J.C. Harrington. The medal being presented to Pinky tonight is silver. Those in the future will be bronze.

14

'~ .. be.!Jond the strict{y

historical ... " J. C. Hnrriffjw/t

1952

FORT NECESSITY

JEAN CARL HARRINGTON A Founding Pioneer of Historical Archaeology

(Prepared by George Miller)

Jean Carl Harrington, better known as J. C. Harrington or Pinky, is one of the founding fathers of Historical Archaeology. Probably many of you are wondering how he got the nickname Pinky. Anyone who has visited Pinky's excavations will know that his complexion becomes a bright pink after being exposed to the sun for a few days.

Pinky was born in Millbrook, Michigan in October 1901. He took a bachelor's degree

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in Architecture from the University of Michigan in 1924. Between 1932 and 1935 he was a graduate student in anthropology at the University of Chicago and a student of Fay-Cooper Cole. During 1935 he was a teaching fellow at the University of Chicago, where his future wife, Virginia, took a class from him in archaeological field techniques. Pinky's archaeological training, of course, was in prehistory (what else was there), with excavation experience in Missouri, Illinois and Central America in 1936 with the Carnegie Institution expedi­tion.

It was in 1936 that Pinky was contacted by the National Park Service and asked if he would be interested in running the excavations at Jamestown. His response was that the job was not of particular interest to him. The National Park Service asked him to submit a statement on the amount of salary he would want for considering such a job. Pinky submitted a salary that was $600 more than he ever thought he would make. They accepted that salary and Pinky became involved in historical archaeology. After 30 years wi th the National Park Service, Pinky said he has no regrets about his choice. That 1936 salary could not have been too high, for Albert Manucy, an old colleague in the Park Service, remembers in the 1950's that Pinky said if he ever got to $10,000 a year he would retire.

The 1936 research team at Jamestown con­sisted of J.C. Harrington and Carl Russell to run the excavations, an architect, an historian and one museum specialist. In 1937, Virginia, the future Mrs. Harrington, joined the research team as a summer Park Ranger, to present the site to the public and assist with the archaeology.

Let's consider for a moment what was gOing on in historical archaeology in 1936. Colonial Williamsburg, just down the road from Jamestown, had been in the business of restoring Williamsburg for 10 years by then. At Williamsburg, archaeology consisted of a series of diagonal trenches dug across the various town lots to locate walkways, fence post holes, roads and outbuildings. Williamsburg was in the business of restor­ing extant buildings and relegated archaeology to a very minor role of locating features rather than interpretation of sites. At Jamestown there was almost no extant standing structures. Archaeology had a much larger role to play. It not only had to find the features, but interpret them and

15

the material culture found associated with the sites, Le., archaeology in an anth­ropological tradi tion and an extention of prehistoric techniques into the historic period.

One of the problems faced by those doing historical archaeology in the 1930's was the lack of acceptance by their prehistoriC colleagues, Le., why dig it if it is already known. While it was perfectly acceptable to excavate contact sites, the excavation of sites unrelated to native Americans, was in the eyes of many prehis­torians, of questionable value. Pinky did recei ve moral support from the faculty at the Uni versi ty of Chicago, in particular Fay-Cooper Cole and Robert Redfield. Of course, Robert Redfield was experiencing difficulty of his own in having peasants accepted as a worthy area of study by those purists who felt that only primitives were worthy of anthropological study, which might have made him more disposed to look on his­torical archaeology with an open mind. Out­side of that there was damn little interest in historical archaeology until the late 1950's.

The academic vacuum in which historical archaeology developed was also matched by a dearth of references on ceramics, glass, tools, buttons, arms and other artifact types that we take for granted today. Other missing amenities included calculators, computers, the xerox machines, and of course, graduate students to make up for low budgeted projects. Also missing, of course, was the whole range of experts that have developed out of historical archaeol~gy.

Technical site reports on historical sites did not have a market and there was damn little encouragement to take the James­town reports beyond typed manuscripts. World War II brought a temporary halt to historical archaeology until 1946. After the war the field began to progress again.

All of these limitations meant that archaeologists, such as J.C. Harrington, were very much forced to rely on their own research and very limited encouragement from outside. For example, the National Park Service did not publish any of Harrington's site reports until 1962, just 3 years before he retired. That did not stop Pinky from publishing over 35 articles, reports, numerous notes and book reviews. Consider the collection of journals Pinky resorted to for publication:

Museum News The Virginia Magazine of History and Bio­

graphy Antiques Magazine The Quarterly Bulletin of the Archaeo­

logical Society of Virginia The Indiana Magazine of History Journal of the Society of Architectural

Historians American Anthropologist The Chronicle of the Early American Industries Association

To overcome the problem of publishing research from the National Parks, employees of the Park Service formed the Eastern National Park and Monument Association in 1948. Virginia and Pinky were active in the founding of that organization and Virginia was the first treasurer of it when the mem­bership dues were $5.00. When she opened the account of the organization in 1948, it had a little over 40 dollars in it. Today the Eastern National Park and Monument Association has a revolving fund of over $2,000,000 for publishing and other acti­vities related to National Parks. It was this fund that published Pinky's report New Light on Washington's Fort Necessity in 1957.

Overcoming the early isolation of his­torical archaeology meant attempting to establish some of the objectives and goals that historical archaeology was capable of for prehistorians to consider. Pinky laid the ground work for this in two articles, the first titled "Historic Site Archaeology in the United States" (1952), and the second "Archaeology as an Auxiliary Science to American History" (1955). These attempts to define the field provided a base which we are continuing to expand today.

Some idea of the breadth of Pinky's experience can be gained by listing some of the si tes on which he has conducted excavations:

Jamestown Fort Raleigh on Roanoke Island Fort Necessity St. Augustine Fort Frederica Hopewell Village Appomattox Court House Fort Christianstead,

St. Croix Island The Glass Works at Jamestown

16

In 1952 the United States Department of Interior presented to J .C. Harrington its Distinguished Service Award for his contri­butions to the Development of Historical Archaeology. Pinky's 30 years with the National Park Service came to a close with his retirement in 1965, a date which is almost prior to the time historical archaeology really took off into a full blown profession. Back in 1965, the number of site reports on historical sites could still f1 t comfortably on one shelf of a small book case.

Pinky's retirement was of course not the end of his involvement in historical archaeology. From 1966 through 1969, he and Virginia spent their summers in Nauvoo, Illinois, running excavations for Nauvoo Restoration, Inc., a project funded by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints to restore the old Mormon town of Nauvoo. Among the sites excavated by the Harringtons in Nauvoo were the Brigham Young house, the Edwin Webb blacksmith shop, The Times and Seasons newspaper office and the Mormon Temple.

Next, Pinky became involved with the ex­cavation ·of part of West Point Military Academy between 1970 and 1972. While he has not done any actual excavation since 1972, he has been involved as an archaeological consultant for The Virginia Historic Land­marks Commission, The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other organizations.

Needless to say, Pinky was one of the founders of the SOCiety for Historical Archaeology in 1966-1967 and played an active role in drawing up our constitution.

I have reviewed some of J.C. Harrington's accomplishments and contributions, but have told you very little about the man. His excavations were always conducted with fastidious order and purpose. He cannot stand disorder and his drawings are models of clarity. Pinky has a great ability to size up the potential of those working for him and give them tasks which they are capable of performing wi thout being over­whelmed. He has a great ability to draw the maximum out of those working for him and at the same time remain their friend.

Pinky has great power of concentration and this is best illustrated in a story related by Albert Manucy. In the words of Mr. Manucy:

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"Concentration is another Harrington characteristic. Before archaeology at Frederica began, Superintendent Ray Vinton and I met Pinky on the site and watched him make a visual survey. He tramped rapidly over the mounds and hollows of the earthwork fort, stooping occasionally to brush away fallen leaves and recover a specimen, which he put carefully into a paper sack. He was really concen­trating."

Ray said "You know, AI, it's a privilege to watch one of the great archaeological minds at work. He's picking up evidence that you and I never even noticed was there." About this time, Pinky walked back to us and held out the bag.

"Have some pecans," he said.

J.C. Harrington has had a long and mean­ingful career that has added greatly to the develpment of historical archaeology in North America. We are all indebted to his early efforts in this field. It is very appropriate that the Society for Historical Archaeology, in recognition of J.C. Harrington's pioneering work in historical archaeology, has established the J. C. Harrington Medal to honor this pioneer. His contributions will be remembered each time the Society bestows this award on others for their contributions to the field of his­torical archaeology.

1983 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETINGS

The 1983 SHA/CUA meetings will be held in Denver, Colorado, at the new Marriott-Hotel City Center (1701 California Street, Denver, Colorado 80202 - 303-825-1300). Regis­tration and a Renew Old Acquaintances party will begin Wednesday evening, January 5, and the formal program runs January 6-8, 1983. All tours are planned for Sunday, January 9. The theme, Heritage of the West, has been selected to guide meeting activities; this does not affect program content, which comes from SHA/CUA members.

Official sponsors include the National Park Service Denver Service Center and Rocky Mountain Regional Office; Bureau of Land Management, Montrose District; Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Missouri Region; Centuries .-B~search, Inc.; and the Denver

17

Museum of Natural History. General Chairman is Adrienne Anderson.

The Marriott-City Center is in the heart of historic downtown Denver with easy access to the Larimer Square Historic District, numerous restaurants, the Colorado His­torical Society, Denver Art Museum, Denver Mint, and many other areas of interest. The hotel itself has excellent meeting, dining, and entertainment facilities that are appropriate for the SHA/CUA group. All sessions will be held in the hotel. Room rates are tentatively:

Single: Double:

$54.00 $66.00

Each additional person: $10.00

Call for Papers, Posters. Workshops, and Symposia. Due August 1, 19821

Abstracts for all symposia, posters, luncheon round-table workshops, and individual papers must be submitted by August 1, 1982. In an attempt to reduce the unwieldy number of formal papers, the pro­gram committee has initiated a postel" session and a luncheon round-table workshop as alternative ways of sharing information. Please give consideration to presenting your data in one of these formats. The pre­liminary program will appeal" only in the October 1982 Newsletter, and abstracts must be in by Augus t 1 in order to meet the ~ditor's deadline. Please use a xerox copy of the "Abstract Form" which is printed in this issue of the Newsletter. Theore­tical/synthetic papers will be limited to 25 minutes. Field reports will be limited to 15 minutes. All participants other than professionals in allied fields and invited guests must be members of SHA. Please send abstracts for all presentations to:

SHA Program Chairman

Dr. Douglas Scott Bureau of Land Management Box 1269 Montrose, Colorado 84104 303-322-6380

, ABSTRACT FORM FOR PAPERS TO BE PRESENTED AT THE 1983 SHA/CUA MEETING

Send three (3) cOpies of your abstract on a xerox copy of this form to either Douglas Scott (SHA Program Chairman) or Calvin Cummings (CUA Program Chairman). Type all information and double-space the abstract.

TITLE ________________________________________________________________ __

AUTHOR(S) ________________________________________________________ ___

Institutional Affiliation (as you want it to appear on the program) ______________ __

Full Professional Address (including postal code) ______________________________ __

Phone Number(s) (if more than one author, key addresses and phone numbers to each name). Include area code __________________________________________________ ___

Audio-Visual Needs (last minute arrangements will be at the author's expense) ____ __

ABSTRACT (type, double space and attach another sheet if needed).

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CUA Program Chairman

Mr. Calvin Cummings National Park Service Denver Service Center Box 25287 Denver, Colorado 80225 303-234-6112

Special Ski Package

Some members have expressed interest in enjoying Colorado's superb skiing and parti­cipating in a ski package. To be the least expensive, this must be done before the meetings (low season rates are available) and must have a minimum number of parti­cipants. If you are interested in partici­pating, please write Adrienne Anderson before April 30, 1982, indicating the number of people in your party and your approximate skiing ability (a 3-day program for beginners can be set up--nobody is too old!) •

General Chairman

Dr. Adrienne Anderson National Park Service Rocky Mt. Regional Office Box 25287 Denver, Colorado 80225 303-234-2764

If you are interested in attending the Denver Stock Show after the meetings, January 12-22, 1983, we recommend making reservations well in advance.

PEOPLE YOU SHOULD KNOW

Officers of the SHA - 1982

President: Robert L. Schuyler, The Uni­versity Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 33rd & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19174. Phone (215) 243-6965 (Business) •

President-Elect: Edwin S. Dethlefsen, Department of Anthropology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185. Phone (804) 253-4341 (Business).

Immediate Past-President: Bert Salwen, Department of Anthropology, New York Univer­sity, 25 Waverly Place, New York, New York 10002. Phone (212) 598-3257 (Business) and (202) 667-9476 (Home).

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Secretary-Treasurer: Stephanie Holschlag Rodeffer; Heritage Conservation & Recrea­tion SerVice, South Central Regional Office, 5000 Marble NE, Room 211, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110; Phone (505) 766-5944 or 5945 (Business) and (505) 821-2487 (Home).

Editor: Ronald L. Michael; Anthropology Section, California State College, California, Pennsylvania 15419; Phone (412) 938-4000 (Business) and (412) 438-0686 (Home) •

Newsletter Editor: Norman F. Barka; De­partment of Anthropology, Colleg~ of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185; Phone (804) 253-4522 (Business) and (804) 565-0015 (Home).

Chairman of the Council on Underwater Archaeology: J. Barto Arnold; Texas Anti­quities Committee, Box 12276, Capitol Station, Austin, Texas 78711; Phone (512) 475-6328 (Business) and (512) 926-7587 (Home).

Board of Directors (3-year terms):

1980-1982: Roberta

ates, 725 California (Business).

Greenwood; Greenwood and Associ­Jacon Way, Pacific Palisades, 90272; Phone (213) 454-3091

George Miller; National Historic Parks & Sites, Parks Canada, 1600 Liverpool Court, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1G2, Canada; Phone (613) 993-9717 (Business).

1981-1983: Kathleen A. Deagen; Department of Anth­

ropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306; Phone (904) 644-4281 (Business).

Donald L. Hardesty; Department of Anth­ropology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557; Phone (702) 784-6704 (Business).

1982-1984: Kenneth E. Lewis, Institute of

Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208.

Cynthia R. Price, Center for Archaeo­logical Research, Southeast Missouri Field Station, Box 6, Naylor, Missouri 63953. Phone (314) 399-2216 (Business).

,.

1983 SHA/CUA Denver Meeting

General Chairman: Adrienne Anderson, National Park Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Office, Box 25287, Denver, Colorado 80225. Phone (303) 234-2764 (Business).

SHA Program Chairman: Douglas Scott, Bureau of Land Management, Box 1269, Montrose, Colorado 84104. Phone (303) 322-6380 (Business).

CUA Program Chairman: National Park Service, Center, Box 25287, Denver, Phone (303) 234-6112.

Calvin Cummings, Denver Service Colorado 80225.

Newsletter Recent Publication Coordinator: Scott L. Carpenter; Western Archaeological Center, Field Office, Yosemite National Park, California 95389.

Legislative News Coordinator: Marjorie Ingle, Advisory Council on Historic Preser­vation, 44 Union Blvd., #616, Lakewood, Colorado 80228. Phone (303) 234-4846.

Newslet ter Current Research Regional Area Coordinators:

Northeast (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, West Virginia, Virginia): Mary C. Beaudry, Archaeological Studies Program, Boston University, 232 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215. Phone (517) 353-3415 (Business).

Southeast (North and South Carolina, Ken tucky , Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, Florida): Kathleen A. Deagan, 131 Washington St., St. Augustine, Florida 32084. Phone (904) 824-7037 (Business).

Gulf States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas): Anne E. Fox; Center for Archaeological Research, College of Humani ties and Social Sciences, Uni ve­rsity of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78285.

Midwest (Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota): Charles E. Cleland; The Museum; Michigan State Univer­sity; East Lansing, Michigan 48823.

Central Plains (Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, Missouri) : Robert T. Bray; Uni versi ty of Missouri; Lyman Archaeological Research Center; Miami, Missouri 65344.

20

Northern Plains and Mountain States (Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, North and South Dakota): Garvey C. Wood; P.O. Box 127; Loma, Montana 59460.

Northwest (Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Alaska): Roderick Sprague; Department of Sociology/Anthropology; University of Idaho; Moscow, Idaho 83843.

Pacific West (California, Hawaii, Nevada): Paul J. F. Schumacher; 200 Pinehill Road, Hillsborough, California 94010.

Southwest (Arizona, New Mexico, Utah): James E. Ayres, 1702 E. Waverly, Tucson, Arizona 85719

Canada: Atlantic Region (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island) : Birgi t ta Wallace; Parks Canada j Historic Properties; Upper Water Street; Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 1S9.

Canada: Quebec: Pierre Nadon; 431 Rue Richelieu; Quebec, P.Q. G1R 1K2.

Canada: Ontario: Karlis Karklinsj National Historic Parks & Sites, Parks Canada, 1600 Liverpool Court, Ot tawa, Ontario K1A 1G2.

Canada: Prairie Region (Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan, Yukon Terri tory) : Peter Priess, Archaeological Research, Parks Canada, 114 Garry St., Winnipeg, Mani toba R3C 1 G 1 • Phone (204 ) 949-4588 (Business).

Canada: Western Region (Alberta, British Columbia): Donald Steer, Parks Canada, 520, 220-4th Avenue, SE, Calgary, Alberta T2P 3H8.

Caribbean: David R. Watters, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543.

Underwater (World-wide) : Robert Grenier; National Historic Parks & Sites; 1600 Liverpool Court; Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1G2.

SHA COMMITTEES & REPRESENTATIVES 1982

EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Ronald L. Michael

William H. Adams James E. Ayres Norman F. Barka Ronald C. Carlisle Charles Cleland Charles Fairbanks James E. Fitting Roberta S. Greenwood

Roger E. Kelly Robert Lister John H. Rick Robert Schuyler Donna Seifert Stanley South Roderick Sprague Sarah Turnbaugh

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NOMINATIONS & ELECTIONS COMMITTEE

Edwin S. Dethlefsen (Chairman) Kenneth E. Lewis Cynthia R. Price

PUBLIC INFORMATION AND ACTION COMMITTEE

Bert Salwen (Chairman) James Ayres (other members to be appointed)

CONVENTIONS COMMITTEE

Chaired by Convention Coordinator: Lester Ross. Includes President (Schuyler), CUA Chairman (Arnold)

CONVENTION COORDINATOR

Lester Ross

BUDGET COMMITTEE

Stephanie Rodeffer (Chairperson) Norman F. Barka Ronald L. Michael

MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE

Chairman is President-Elect: Edwin S. Dethlefsen (see December 1981 SHA Newsletter for complete list of regional and state coordinators)

REPRESENTATIVE TO THE SOCIETY FOR POST­MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY

Norman F. Barka

REPRESENTATIVE TO THE PROFESSIONAL ARCHAEOLOGISTS

Roberta Greenwood

SOCIETY OF

REPRESENTATIVE TO COORDINATING COUNCIL OF NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES

Chairman of "Public Information and Action Committee": Bert Salwen and President (Schuyler) .

RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE

Appointed as Needed

21

COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES

Includes President (Schuyler) and other members (to be appointed).

NATIONAL CLEARING HOUSE FOR EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN

HISTORICAl. ARCHAEOLOGY Reported by Lynne Lewis

First, thank you' s go to all who have expressed interest and partiCipated in the Clearing House during the past months. Remember, this service is available to all SHA members, including underwater archaeo­logists and archaeological conservators. We plan to continue the service and hope it to be even more successful in the coming years.

Now that the Clearing house has been underway for some time, some basic proce­dures have been established which are reviewed below:

Employment Seekers: You can call (803-571-4013, 8:30 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., weekdays) if you want, but openings have been so spaced that this is usually not the most economical procedure. Better, send one copy of your resume, along with a cover letter stating any preferences such as region, type of job or duration of job, to Lynne G. Lewis, Drayton Hall, Route 4, Box 276, Charleston, S.C. 29407. Once received, your resume is placed on file and as jobs open that fit your requirements and qualifi­cations, notice of these will be sent to you. It is up to you to respond to the notice, following normal or specified appli­cation procedures. Please be sure to keep your address current and notify Lynne if you are no longer seeking a job. Also, if you find a position through a referral from the Clearing House, please let her know as this is one way we can gauge our success.

Employers: If there is some urgency to filling a position, call and a check through the files will provide some leads. Other­wise, send a position description and note any relevant requirements such as regional experience or specialized skills. An appli­cation deadline, or notification once a job is filled, would be helpful. Copies of the position description will be sent to qualified prospects. Please remember, this is not a screening service in the sense that no judgement is passed on the quality of either employer or employee.

Contract Organizations: A number of

people have suggested that a list of con­tract organizations dOing work in archaeology would be useful to those seeking employment. In light of this, and with the help of our membership, Lynne will begin to assemble such a list. The accompanying questionnaire is to serve only as a guide­line; feel free to add any other pertinent information. If any member knows of a con­tract organization that regularly employs archaeologists, please pass this along to them so that our listing will be as complete as possible. Please xerox this form and send the completed form to Lynne Lewis (address above).

Position Available:

College of William and Mary: the Department of Anthropology invites applications for a historical archaeologist. Primary responsibilities include teaching graduate students as well as development of field and research programs. Tenure track position. Applicants should have a Ph.D., teaching experience, a proven record of archaeo­logical research experience (preferably eastern U.S.), and knowledge of documentary research techniques. Send vita and names­addresses of 3 references by April 1, 1982, to: Norman F. Barka, Chairman, Department of Anthropology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185. EOE/AAE.

LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS

Reported by Marjorie Ingle

ATTENTION - FUNDING FOR 1983 WILL "TOTALLY TERMINATE" STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICES AND THE NATIONAL TRUST FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION: DEEP CUTS FOR ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION LIKELY.

In a December meeting, Secretary of Interior Watt said that he recommends "TOTAL TERMINATION" (e.g., $0) of the HISTORIC PRE­SERVATION FUND, which provides matching support for all State Historic Preservation Offices and the National Trust for Historic Preservation. The President's FY83 (Oct. 82 to Oct. 83) budget is expected to recommend $0 for the Historic Preservation Fund. Deep budget and staffing cuts are also expected for the President's Advisory Council on His­toric Preservation. The President's budget is to be unveiled in early February.

IT IS CRUCIAL to let your Congressman

22

know of your support for archaeology and historic preservation. We are competing for precious few dollars with welfare and the interests of other vocal groups. Last year, only through the efforts of SAA and Preser­vation Action and much grassroots energy was funding for the Historic Preservation Fund resurrected by Congress from $0 to $26.5 million (minus 4% cut).

This is a fatal attack against our livelihood, profession, and the historic and cultural heritage of our nation. GET INVOLVED AND LET YOUR CONGRESSMAN KNOW THAT RESTORATION OF THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION FUND AND ADVISORY COUNCIL BUDGET IS CRUCIALI Plan for Action in Next Newsletterl

BOOK REVIEWS UPDATE (Submitted by Roderick Sprague)

Due to type setting errors, lines were omitted in three different places on page five of the previous issue of the Newsletter. All three errors created meaningless statements including one in the quote from George Gummerman.

The fifth paragraph, one of great importance to the intent of the article, should read:

The third problem is the most serious and the one where the editors can do very little to help. Right now there are several books out for review that have been out for more than a year with no response from the reviewer even when I asked for the return of the book (three of these people are former SHA presi­dents) • This I find unacceptable and inexcusable.

Item 3 of the Gummerman comments should read:

3. Reviewers have the great responsibility to represent a book fairly by refraining from personal criticism and from using the review as a forum from which to harangue the author and colleagues about the reviewer's pet ideas.

The least important error, which was in the third paragraph, can be made to read correctly by inserting in front of "Review Edi tor" the words: "... question. If there is concern that the •• "

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CONTRACT ORGANIZATIONS IN ARCHAEOLOGY

NAME OF ORGANIZATION -------------------------------------------------------ADDRESS ______________________________________________________________ __

CONTACT ______________________________________________________________ __

TYPE OF ORGANIZATION (Private, University affiliated, affiliated with larger research organization, other)

GEOGRAPHIC RANGE ______________________________________________________ ___

AVERAGE STAFFING PERMANENT ---------- TEMPORARY __________ __

SHA MEMBERS? __________________________________________________________ __

OTHER INFORMATION ______________________________________________________ __

Are you willing to be on a list available to SHA members seeking employment? ______ __

23

I repeat my plea for help and that all potential reviewers read the full text of George Gummerman's article in American Antiquity (46 3 :704-706).

FIELD SCHOOLS

University of Pennsylvania: The Department of American Civilization at the University of Pennsylvania will offer a four-week field school on the "Archaeology of the Historic American West". The course, American Civilization 417, is open to both undergraduates and graduate students and will run from June 7 to July 2. Students will participate in the archaeological survey and excavation of 19th and early 20th century sites in southwestern Utah. Pro­jects initiated last summer will be con­tinued wtih special attention being given to Silver Reef, a 19th century mining town, and the study of inscriptions, carving styles and layout of local historic cemeteries. Tuition is expected to be in the range of $550 for undergraduates which includes a laboratory fee of $25. Students will stay in shared" dormitory-trailers at Dixie College in St. George ($160 for four weeks). For further information write to Robert L. Schuyler, Director, Archaeological Field School, University Museum, 33rd & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.

College of William and Mary: The Department of Anthropology will offer two field schools this summer: 1) Sint Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles. A

six-week session, June 9 through July 22, 1982, is designed to introduce students to archaeological field and laboratory methods and to the culture history of St. Eustatius through direct participation in an ongoing archaeological research program. Students will work on a variety of 17th and/or 18th century Sites, such as: land and underwater survey; excava­tion of one or more warehouse structures in the 'Lower Town'; excavation of a domestic, military, industrial, or slave site. In addition to laboratory pro­cessing of artifacts, there will be classroom instruction in field methods, interpretation of archaeological data, and culture history of the Caribbean. Students will be housed in a hotel on the island. Three levels of courses offered: introductory undergraduate, advanced

24

undergraduate, and graduate level. Six semester credits. Tuition, room and board, and airfare from Miami to St. Eustatius and return - total $1,450. Deadline for applications: April 1, 1982. Requests for applications and further information should be addressed to: Norman F. Barka, Dept. of Anth­ropology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185.

2) Shirley Plantation, Virginia. A six-week session at Shirley Plantation (founded 1613), located 35 miles west of Williams­burg on the James River, will run May 31 through July 9, 1982. The session is designed to introduce students to archaeological field methods and the cul­ture history of Tidewater Virginia through participation in an archaeo­logical research program. Students will participate in the excavation, mapping, and recording of data at several sites and in the laboratory processing of the recovered artifacts. In addition, there will be classroom instruction in archaeo­logical field methods, artifact classi­fication, photography, dating methods, interpretation, and culture history. Students will be housed in a field camp on the 800-acre estate. Tents will provide facilities for sleeping, eating, and a field laboratory. Three levels of courses offered: introductory under­graduate, advanced undergraduate, and graduate level. Six semester credits. Tuition and room and board - $720. Dead­line for applications: April 1, 1982. Requests for applications and further information should be addressed to: Theodore R. Reinhart, Department of Anthropology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185.

Southwest Missouri State University: A field school in historical archaeology will be offered this summer by the Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, Southwest Missouri State University. The field school will be taught by Dr. James E. Price and Cynthis R. Price and will run from June 9 to July 30, 1982. Nine credit hours, ei ther graduate or undergraduate, will be given and the course will include field excavation, lectures, and assigned read­ings. Archaeological excavations will be conducted at the Widow Harris Site, a frontier farmstead occupied c.1815-1870,

. .'

located in the Eastern Ozarks in Southeast Missouri. Excavations conducted at this site over several years have revealed the presence of 3 dwellings, large midden deposits, numerous subsurface pits, and identifiable outdoor work areas. Anthro­pological approaches to historic sites research will be stressed and emphasis will be placed on early to mid-nineteenth century settlement, subsistence, and material cul ture in the Ozarks. Students will be housed in the small town of Naylor, Missouri, in an old home with modern facilities and will be responsible for the purchase and preparation of their own food. For further information write to Dr. James E. Price, Southeast Field Station, Box 6, Naylor, MO 63953.

California Polytechnic State University: an intensive 6-week combination of lectures, excavation, and laboratory analysis of historical archaeological materials from the,Military Barracks of Mission San Antdhio in southern Monterey County, California. The Mission was founded in 1771, the third of 21 Franciscan religious establishments in Spanish California. Attention will be focused on the methods of historical archaeology. The material culture from the Barracks will be used to interpret the role of the five Mission soldiers in the acculturation of the 1,300 Indian neophythes to the culture of 18th century Spain. Instructor: Robert L. Hoover. Dates: June 21 through July 30, 1982. Six units of credit. Fee: $513 (includes room and board). Write to Cal Poly Extension, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, Cali.fornia 93407.

Old Sturbridge Village and the Connecticut Historical Commission: a cooperative educa­tional and research program in Connecticut's Historical Archaeological Heritage will focus upon the examination of the early industrial village of Phoenixville (Eastford) and the 18th century Newgate Prison Complex (East Granby). For further information regarding costs, room and board, etc., contact either John Worrell and David Simmons, Old Sturbridge Village, Stur­bridge, Mass., or David Poirier, Connecticut Historical Commission, 59 South Prospect St., Hartford, Conn.

25

Boston University: The Center for Archaeological Studies at Boston University will conduct an archaeological field school a t the Tyng Mansion site in Tyngsborough, Massachusetts, from June 7 - July 16, 1982. The site was first occupied in the late 17th century as an Indian trading post, and successive generations of the Tyng family built, modified, and lived in the fine Georgian house that became known as the Tyng Mansion. The 1982 field season will focus on the 17th-century component of the site-­the timber-framed trading post--and on addi­tional survey of the property. Students may register for 4-8 graduate or undergraduate credits ($120Iundergraduate, $190/graduate credi t hour). Room and board will cost $350, and there will be a $100 program fee. For further information and for appli­cations, contact Dr. Mary C. Beaudry, Archaeological Studies Program, Boston Uni­versity, 232 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215; phone 617-353-3415.

REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION

Peter Dorni Clay Tobacco Pipes: Mr. John H. McCashion, 84 Lockrow Avenue, Albany, New York 12205 (518) 459-4209 is completing the final report as part three in the continuing series, THE CLAY TOBACCO PIPES OF NEW YORK STATE. The title of the paper will be the SUSPECTED ORIGINS AND DATING OF PETER DORNI CLAY TOBACCO PIPES. Any information of specimens from well-dated contexts or any context will be appreciated. Particular detail of the stem marking is most impor­tant. Peter Dorni stem-marked clay tobacco pipes once thought to have originated in France are now thought to have been the inspiration of Peter Dorn, of Hohr­Grenzhausen, one of the Dorn family of pipemakers working as early as 1738. It is very possible that their products were so superior that they were plaigerized by both Dutch and Scottish pipemakers in the 19th century. The Peter Dorni pipes seem to have become quite popular in America after the large scale immigration of the Irish and Germans during the middle 1830's and 1850's.

Leaden Cloth Seals (Baling Seals): A study of these seals against the extensive docu­mentary background is in progress. These objects were used during the Colonial period and up to the later nineteenth century in connection with textiles and possibly other goods. They can often indicate the place of

origin and sometimes the date and other details of traded goods. Almost all the known examples, including a number found in the United States, have come from excava­tions. I would be grateful for details of any such leaden seals, whether excavated or unprovenanced. Write to: Mr. G. Egan, The Museum of London, Dept. of Urban Archaeology, 71 Basinghall St., London, E.C. 2, UK.

UPCOMING CONFERENCES

Glass Trade Bead Conference: to be held at the Rochester Museum & Science Center, Rochester, New York, on 12-13 June 1982. Confirmed papers to date include the follow­ing:

The Magic of Glass Beads: Glass Beads as Crystals by George Hamell (New York State Museum). Blue Crystals and Other Trinkets: Glass Beads from 16th and Early 17th Century New England by James Bradley (Massachusetts Historical Com­mission) •

- Glass Trade Beads from Seneca Sites by Charles Wray (Rochester Museum & Science Center).

- Dutch Trade Beads in the Northeast by Karlis Karklins (Parks Canada). Chronology from Glass Beads: The Spanish Period in the Southeast 1513-1670 by Marvin Smith (University of Florida) •

- Tile Bead Manufacturing by Roderick Sprague (University of Idaho).

- The Manufacture of Intricate Glass Canes and a New Perspective on the Relationship Between Chevron-Star Beads and Mosaic-Millefiori Beads by Jamey Allen.

- Some Thoughts on Glass Beadmaking by Peter Francis, Jr. Importance of Religion in Influencing Trade Wind Bead Use and Present Avail­abili ty: The Case of Iran by Jacquiline Touba (Skidmore College). Glass Trade Beads from Caesarea Mari­time, Israel by Rozanna Pfeiffer.

During the Conference the Rochester Museum's glass trade bead collections will be avail­able for viewing. Individuals wishing to receive preregis­tration forms and program details should contact: Glass Trade Bead Conference, clo Charles F. Hayes, III, Research Division, Rochester Museum & Science Center, P.O. Box

26

1480, Rochester, New York 14603-1480.

The National Council on PubliC History: the Annual Meeting will be held 22-24 April 1982 at the Radisson Hotel, Chicago, Illinois. Two sessions of interest to SHA members include the following: The Role of History in Cultural Resource Mitigation: Theory and Practice. Papers in this session include:

- The Origins and Present Status of Federal Concern for History in Cultural Resource Mitigation by John D. McDermott (Advisory Council for Historic Preservation).

- Doing History with the Archaeo­logists: The US Bureau of Reclamation and the Dolores River Project by John Porter Bloom (University of the Pacific) •

The second session of interest is entitled The Role of the Historian in the Cultural Resource Management Process: Four Perspec­tives. The session will consist of a panel discussion by the following historians and archaeologists: Louis Heite (Soil Systems, Inc.), Albert L. Hurtado (Public History Services ASSOCiates), Don Miller (US Forest Service), and Joseph Winter (Office of Con­tract Archaeology). The program for this meeting can be obtained from the National Council on Public History, 3914 Harrison Street NW, Washington, D.C. 200015.

An Uncivil War: The Southern Backcountry During the American Revolution: a conference to be held on 18-19 March, 1982, in the Senate Caucus Room 1318 of the Russell Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. Wri te U ',S. Capitol Historical Society, 200

Society for California Archaeology: the Annual Meeting will be held in Sacramento at the Woodlake Inn on April 1-3, 1982. A number of papers on historical archaeology will be presented at this meeting.

PAST CONFERENCES

Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology: SPMA held its Autumn Conference and Annual General Meeting at Dover Castle, Dover, England, on 25-27 September 1981. The theme of the conference was the later defences of southern England, with particular reference to Kent and the Dover Straits. Papers presented were as follows:

- Artillery Defences of Dover: Adaption

..

and Construction by J. G. Coad. Recent· Work on Square Tower, Ports­mouth by A. C. Corney.

- The 1623 Survey of the South Coast Defences with Reference to Hampshire and Dorset by J. Kenyon.

- Excavation of an Elizabethan Bastion at Carisbrooke Castle by C. J. Young. God's House Tower, Southhampton: A Fifteenth-Century Fortification; Recent Discoveries by R. Thomson. U.K. Fortress. Doctrines: The Mani­festations by V. Smith.

Tours included Dover Castle as well as selected military defences of Dover and Calais, France.

Eastern States Archaeological Federation: the ESAF held its Annual Meeting 6-8 November, 1981, in Harrisburg, Pennsyl­vania. Papers of historical archaeological importance included:

Archaeological Investigations at His­toric Cherry Hill, Albany, New York by Diane Allstadt, Martha Pinello, Charles Fisher (Hartgen Archaeo­logical Associates, Inc.). Catlinite by W. Fred Kinsey III (North Museum). Jacobsburg Blast Furnace by Virginia Lopresti (Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology). Settlement Analysis at the Ball Site, Ontario by Dean Knight (Wilfred Laurier University). Preliminary Assessment of Ft. Loudoun's Archaeological Significance by James Herbstritt (California State College) and Stephen Warfel (William Penn Memorial Museum). The Penenlec Site (Conewango Town?) by Stanley Lantz (Carnegie Museum). Post-Contact Lenape Sites in the Philadelphia Area by Marshall Becker (West Chester State College).

San Diego History Research Center: a con­ference entitled "Approaches to Historical Archaeology: The Case of the Royal Presidio of San Diego" was held on 17 October 1981 at San Diego State University. The following papers were presented:

The History of the San Diego Presidio by Greta Ezell. Historical Archaeology Methodology and the Presidio Excavation Program by Paul Ezell (San Diego State Univer­sity) •

27

Mexican Majolica Ceramics from Colonial California by Ronald V. May (Environmental Analysis Division, County of San Diego). Old World Ceramics from the San Diego Presidio by Jean Krase. Faunal Remains at the San Diego Presidio by Cynthia Draper (San Diego State University). Phoenix Buttons of Presidio and Their tions by Richard Services, Inc.).

the San Diego Social Implica­Carrico (Westec

A Hypothetical Reconstruction of the Art and Architecture of the Presidio Chapel--The Potential by Alana Cordy­Collins (University of San Diego and the San Diego Museum of Man). The San Diego Presidio Gateway Excava­tion Project by Dennis Quillen (Westec Services, Inc.).

Archaeological Institute of America: a colloquium on Spanish Colonial Archaeology, organized by Robert L. Hoover, was held at the 83rd General Meeting of the AlA in San Francisco on December 28, 1981. The follow­ing papers were presented:

Research on Spanish Colonial Sites in San Diego by Paul Ezell (presenter) and Dennis K. Quillen. Mili tary Artifacts from a California Mission by Jack S. Williams. A Proposed Computer Taxonomic Model for the Interpretation of Late Spanish Colonial Sites by Anita G. Cohen. • •• Stranger than Fiction: Investi­gations at the Ontiveros Adobe by Roberta S. Greenwood. Ethnoarchaeology of Spanish Brick and Tile Firing by Julia G. Costello. Reflections of the Past: Public Restoration and Interpretation of Hispanic Sites by Pandora Snethkamp.

RECENT PUBLICATIONS

Giroux, Andre, Rodrigue Bedard, Nicole Cloutier, Real Lussier & Helene Vachon 1981 - Inventaire des marches de con­struction des Archives nationales du Quebec a Montreal, 1800-1830. Histoire et archeologie No. 49. Parks Canada. Ottawa. 2 vols., 574 pp., no figs. Order from the Canadian Government Publishing Centre, De­partment of Supply and Services, Hull, Quebec, Canada K1A OS9. $37.95 Canadian a set ($45.55, Canadian funds, outside

Canada). Cat. No. R64-81/1981-49-1F & 2F. A systematic inventory of construction

contracts taken from Montreal notarial records dating from 1800 to 1830. The con­tracts are listed in alphabetical order according to location, then in chronological order within each location grouping. Each contract entry refers to the original notarial document and briefly summarizes its contents.

Tulloch, Judith 1918 - The Rideau Canal: Defence, Transport and Recreation. History and Archaeology No. 50. Parks Canada. Ot tawa. 228 pp., 29 illus. Order from the Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Department of Supply and Services, Hull, Quebec, Canada K1A OS9. $10.00 Canadian ($12.00, Canadian funds, outside Canada). Cat. No. R64-81/1981-50E.

The Rideau Canal, a 124-mile, 47-lock system from By town (Ottawa) on the Ottawa River to Kingston on the St. Lawrence, opened in May 1832. Under constant financial constraints, the. early admini­strators of the canal faced the many problems of the canal's operation and maintenance, from having flood damage repaired and mediating disputes between lockmasters and labourers to defending the existence of the admittedly unprofitable waterway.

Archibald, Margaret 1981 - Grubstake to Grocery Store: Supply­ing the Klondike, 1897-1907 Carter, Margaret 1981 St. Andrew'S Presbyterian Church, Lale Bennett, British Columbia Karklins, Karlis 1981 The Old Fort Point Site: Fort Wedderburn II? Rick, Anne Meachem 1981 - Analysis of Animal Remains from the Old Fort Point Site, Northern Alberta Canadian Historic Sites No. 26. Parks Canada. Ottawa. 294 pp., 170 figs. Order from the Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Department of Supply and Services, Hull, Quebec, Canada K1A OS9. $8.00 Canadian ($9.60, Canadian funds, outside Canada). Cat. No. R61-2/1-26E.

Each gold seeker arrived in Dawson as a potential entrepreneur: gold and initiative made anything possible. Archibald's report examines the Yukon trade in provisions and general merchandise during and immediately

28

after the Klondike gold rush. The history of St. Andrew's Church at Bennett, the junc­tion of the Chilkoot and White Pass trails, ·mirrors the history of the Klondike gold rush: the Presbyterian mission opened in Bennett in March 1898, construction of the church began in early 1899 and by March 1902 the gothic-style structure stood abandoned. Results of excavations at Old Fort POint, on Lake Athabaska, Alberta, suggest that it may have been the temporary location of Fort Wedderburn, a Hudson's Bay Company post active on the lake from 1815 to 1821. AnalysiS of the faunal remains from the Old Fort Point site provide information on the food economy of the post.

Ortega, Elpidio and Carmen Fondeur 1978 - Estudio de la Ceramica del Periodo Indo-Hispano de la Antigua Concepcion de La Vega. Serie Cientifica. Santo Domingo: Fundacion Ortega Alvarez. 101 pages, 31 photos and line drawings, 12 tables, 1 map. US$5.00. 1979 - Argueolia de la Cas Cordon. Serie Cientifica 2. Santo Domingo: Fundacion Ortega Alvarez. 97 pages, 44 photos and line drawings, 6 tables. US$5.00 Ortega,Elpidio 1980 - Introduccion a la Loza Comun 0

Alfareria en la Periodo Colonial de Santo Domingo. Serie Cientifica 3. Santo Domingo: Fundacion Ortega Alvarez. 166 pages,31 photos and line drawings, 29 tables, 3 maps, 16 seriation graphs. US$5.00.

The three preceding publications can be ordered from: Elpidio Jose Ortega, Fundacion Ortega Alvarez, Calle N no. 4 Ensanches Agustina, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. These publications pre­sent data on Spanish colonial pottery recovered at various sites in the Dominican Republic. They deal almost exclusively with ceramics; there are few details about the sites in general. They are extensively illustrated with line drawings (vessel shapes, rim profiles, makers' marks, designs) and photographs (vessels and sherds). Ceramic varieties discussed range from majolica to common earthenware and crockery including some non-Spanish ma terials. The text and tables contain particulars on the paste, method of firing, manufacturing, etc.

, \

Museo de las Casas Reales 1980 - Casas Reales 11. 113 pages. Order from: Museo de las Casas Reales, Publicaciones, Zona Colonial, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. US$4.00.

Volume 11 of the Casas Reales series contains 4 articles about Spanish ceramics. "La Jarra de Aceite Espaniola: un Estudio Introductor" is the Spanish translation of John Goggin's 1960 Spanish Olive Jar study originally published in Yale University Pub­lications in Anthropology 62. "Hidroceramos Mexicanos en la Republica Dominicana," by J. M. Cruxent and J. E. Vas, discusses Mexican "water jugs" and their exportation to other areas of the Americas. The last two sec­tions largely consist of illustrations of ceramic vessels from the collections of the Museo de las Casas Reales and from excava­tions in La Vega Vieja. Contact the Museo for a list of publications from the Casas Reales series as well as other occasional reports.

Cruxent, Jose M. 1980 - Notas Ceramologia: Algunas Sugerencias sobre la Practica de la Descripcion de Ceramicas Argueologicas de la Epoca Indo-Hispana. Cuaderno Falconiano 3. 196 pages, numerous line drawings (not numbered) • Order from: Ediciones UNEFM, Museo de Ceramica Historica y Loza Popular, Universidad Nacional Experim~ntal Francisco de Miranda, Casa del Balcon de los Arcaya, Av. Zamora, Coro, Edo Falcon, Venezuela. Cost unknown.

Cruxent produced this book at the request of students to aid in proper analysis and interpretation of ceramic materials from the prehistoric and historic periods. The focus is on classification and description of ceramics; this includes sections on attri­butes, ceramic classes, different surface finishes, functional forms, and taxonomy. It is a useful primer for non-Spanish­speaking students who want to learn ceramic terminology in Spanish; the illustrations aid this considerably. However, it was prepared for a Spanish language audience.

Peterson, Charles E. The Moore House, The Site of the Surrender/ Yorktown. This book is the first publi­cation of the National Parks & Conservation Association. Moore House is a simple frame farmhouse on the York River made famous by the 1781 surrender of Lord Cornwallis to General Washington and the Allied French

29

forces~ It was acquired in 1931 for York­town's sesquicentennial celebration, and was the first historic building restored by the National Park Service. The Moore House is a 1935 Historic Structures Report written by noted architectural historian Charles E. Peterson. The report, the first ever done by the National Park Service, has served as a high standard for the hundreds of reports prepared since then. The book is a com­pendium of letters, photographs, drawings, and archeological data relating to the house.

Copies of the book are available through the NPCA Bookstore, 1701 18th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009. Paperback copies cost $4.95, hardbound cost $9.95. Bulk orders: costs will allow for a trade dis­count.

The Archaeology of San Diego and Southern California: Conservation, Mitigation, Education. This book, composed of 8 essays developed from the symposium of late February, 1981, is available from the Archaeological Institute of America, San Diego Chapter, P.O. Box 3343, La Jolla, California 92038. ($3.00 plus 75¢ post­age) •

The publication has excellent articles on Rock Art and Shamanism, the prehistory and early history of the area, and on contem­porary concerns regarding land use in con­junction with archaeological and historical preservation. The articles are illustrated with maps, drawings and photographs.

Guidebook to the San Buenaventura Archaeo­logical Interpretive Center. The Ventura County Historical Society announces the pub­lication of this official guidebook, which contains sections on the following: descriptions of the site; history of the archaeological explorations; discoveries and artifacts; notes about Ventura and its early European and American settlers; maps and photographs; a list of detailed reports on the project; and an annotated biblio­graphy. $3.75 plus $1.00 postage. Address orders and checks to the Ventura County Historical Society, 100 East Main Street, Ventura, California 93001.

Northeast Historical Archaeology, Vol. 7, Jh 9: This issue of the Journal is presented as a companion to Volume 6. The papers, listed below, were originally presented at a

conference on American redware and stoneware at the Rochester Museum and Science Center in 1977, jointly sponsored by that insti­tution and the Council for Northeast His­torical Archaeology. Table of contents:

Earthenwares and Salt-Glazed Stone­wares of the Rochester-Genesee Valley Region: An Overview by George R. Hamell. The Alkaline-Glazed Stoneware of North Carolina by Charles G. Zug, III. The Kiln and Red Earthenware Pottery of the Jordan Pottery Site: A Pre­liminary Overview by David W. Rupp. The Kirkpa tricks' Pot tery , Anna, Illinois by Ellen Paul Denker. The Living Tradition: A Comparison of Three Southern Folk Potters by John A. Burrison. The Sewer Tile Clay Pottery of Grant Ledge, Michigan by Marsha MacDowell and C. Kurt Dewhurst.

Subscription to Northeast Historical Archaeology is through annual membership in the organization (individuals and lnsti­tutions, $10; students, $7.50. Write Jo Ann Cotz, 179 Park Avenue, Midland Park, N • J • 07432.

CURRENT RESEARCH

CURRENT RESEARCH GUIDELINES

A. Current research contributions should be related to a single specific subject, such as a site investigation, project investigation or a thematic research topic.

B. Contributions should be sent to your appropriate Newsletter Area Coordinator (names and addresses of Area Coordinators are published in every March issue of the Newsletter).

C. Current research should be typed, double­spaced, in paragraph format.

D. Contributions should be brief, usually less than one double-spaced page in length.

E. Each contribution should contain as much of the following information as appli­cable. 1. Name and addresses of project

directors and funding/administrative agencies.

2. Concise statement of the research problems being investigated includ­ing: a. Goals and purposes for conducting

the research.

30

b. Geographical location of the research.

c. Temporal period covered by the research.

d. Types of material culture remains being investigated.

3. Concise statement of the major results of the research including: a. Citation of manuscript and pub­

lished reports completed. b. Information as to the current and

projected location of new artifact collections created from the research.

NORTHEAST

Reported by Mary C. Beaudry

CONNECTICUT

Saybrook Point: In 1982, Connecticut College archaeologists, under the direction of Harold Juli, will return to Saybrook Point at the mouth of the Connecticut River for a second season of excavations at the site of Connecticut's earliest European coastal settlement (1635) aHd an area occupied continuously for 350 years. Fund­ing for the project has been provided by the Sachem Fund of the Old Saybrook Monument Park ASSOCiation, Town of Old Saybrook, Connecticut. The site consists of an 18-acre undeveloped parcel of land. In addi­tion to the 17th century occupation, the site saw agricultural and commercial activities throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, marked chiefly by maritime use as a wharf and subsequent construction of a railroad station and yard. The excavations are part of a multi-year project designed to study the settlement history of Saybrook Point. To date, archaeological testing has revealed an area containing 17th--18th­century artifacts, archaeological remains of the town wharf 1820-1870 and the footings of a railroad engine house and turntable 1870-1920. Continued investigation of these areas will be conducted in 1982. In addi­tion to the archaeological and documentary research relating to the area's settlement history, the site will ultimately be developed as a park with archaeological features interpreted for the public.

Artifacts are being studied a' Connecticut College, New London, CT. Unpub­lished reports of 1980 and 1981 seasons results are on file with the town of 01

Saybrook, CT.: Archaeological Investi-gations at Saybrook Point, 1980, 1981.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Blagden Bone Mill: Bert Salwenand Susan N. Mayer conducted archaeological testing at the site of the Blagden bone mill, in Rock Creek Park, Washington, D. C. Much bone refuse, in what appears to be different stages of reduction, was recovered. Docu­mentary evidence indicates that the mill shared a raceway with a grist mill, and that the machinery was powered by a water wheel. Information on the technology of bone milling from the middle through the end of the 19th century would be appreciated.

MAINE

Fort Pentagoet: Test excavations under the direction of Alaric Faulkner of the Univer­sity of Maine at Orono, conducted in the summer of 1981, revealed that the fortified trading post and settlement of Pentagoet in Castine, Maine, survives in a remarkably fine state of preservation, giving us our first look at an early Acadian site in Maine. Pentagoet (1635-1675) was built by the French to establish and defend the southern limit of Acadia at the mouth of the Penobscot River. The walls of its inner curtain and interior structures were partially exposed by erosion prior to 1980. Built of slate imported from the Mayenne district of France, these walls measure .85 m thick and thicker, rising to a height of up to 2.1 m above the original living sur­face. Using the extensive documentation available for the site, we have been able to identify the commandant's quarters, the barracks/workshop/smi thy, and the cobble­stone pavement of the parade. Burned in 1674 by the Dutch and blasted apart shortly thereafter, the fort contains occupation debris nicely sealed beneath 1-2 m of over­burden--rubble from its massive slate super­structure. Clear evidence exists for a coal-fueled forge and on-site manufacture of spall ("Dutch") type gunflints. Stonewares resemble those from St. Croix (1604), La Place Royale in Quebec, and the Fortress of Louisbourg and are thought to come from Gel' in Lower Normandy. Green-glazed and yellow­glazed earthenwares similar to those known from Louisbourg and the wreck of the Machault (1760) were found, emphasizing the conservative nature of the French utili-

31

tarian ceramics and their, distinctiveness from English ceramics. A three-year full scale excavation is planned beginning in 1982, to be coordinated with efforts to build a bulkhead to arrest further erosion. Funding to date has been provided by the Maine Historic Preservation Commission. Preliminary reports published include: "Pentagoet Rediscovered." Le FAROG 9(2):1-7; 9(3):1-15 and "Pentagoet: A First Look at Seventeenth Century Acadian Maine." Ms. of paper presented at the Council of Northeast Historical Archaeology meetings, on file at Historic Archaeology Laboratory, U. of Maine a t Orono. Both are by Alaric Faulkner, 1981.

Damariscove Island: A report of the 1979-1980 intensive survey of this 17th-century fishing station near Boothbay, Maine is nearing completion and will soon be avail­able through the Maine Historic Preservation Commission in Augusta. The report, by Alaric Faulkner and Gretchen F. Faulkner, contains an extensive documentary history of the site from 1622 to 1981 as well as the results of survey and excavation. Also just published is an oral history of Damariscove in the early 20th century that includes a history and a discussion of the archaeo­logical work done on this island: Griffin, Carl and Alaric Faulkner, 1980, "Coming of Age on Dameriscove Island." Northeast Folk­lore Vol. 21 (1980 volume, published 1982). Available through the Northeast Folklore Society, University of Maine, Orono.

MARYLAND

Newtown: Dennis J. Pogue, in association with the Southern Maryland Regional Preser­vation Center, has conducted a month-long preliminary archaeological survey of a 7.55-acre tract located on Newtown Neck, St. Mary's County, Maryland. The survey, funded by the Archdiocese of Washington, was under­taken in order to delineate archaeologically sensitive areas preparatory to launching a large-scale restoration of two historic structures located there. The structures-­St. Francis Xavier Church (c. 1766) and Newtown Manor (c. 1788)--are all that remains of a once large 18th-century industrial, agricultural, domestiC, and ecclesiastical complex. Several structures and features, 18th through 20th century in date, have been revealed via the systematic

excavation of almost 400 small shovel test pits as well as 10 larger test units. The most significant feature discovered is the substantial brick foundation (33.5 by 45 feet in dimensions) of a dwelling. The structure appears to date to the period circa 1730-1780 and may have been destroyed in a British raid during the Revolutionary War.

A report entitled "Archaeological Investigations at St. Francis Xavier Church in Newtown (18 ST 16), st. Mary's County, Maryland" has been prepared. All records and artifacts are housed temporarily at the Southern Maryland Regional Preservation Center, St'. Mary's City, Maryland.

Federal Reserve Bank Collection: Cultural Heri tage Research Services, Inc., of New Castle, Delaware, has undertaken the deve­lopment of a historical archaeological interpretive exhibit of materials recovered at the building site of the new Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, Baltimore Branch, in the city's Inner Harbor area. The pro­ject, under the direction of John P. Mccarthy, includes exhibit design, his­torical research, and the preparation of specimens for display. Kenneth J. Basalik is responsible for supervision of artifact processing and conservation. Ted M. Payne will assist with interpretive development; Sharon Ann Burnston will process the faunal material.

The collection has been stored at the Carroll House of the Peale Museum in Baltimore since being recovered in the spring of 1979. The contents of five of approximately 15 features containing important quantities of artifactual material will be examined. An attempt to select a sample that will be representative of the breadth of the site spatially and of the entire period of occupation on the site (late 18th through early 20th centuries) will be made. A collection of exhibit dis­play objects will be selected for use by the Bank, and the remainder of the collection will be stored by the Maryland Historical Trust. The expected date for completion of the project is mid-April, 1982.

H. and S. Bakery: Proposed expansion of the H. and S. Bakery in the Fells Point section of Baltimore, a National Register Historic District, resulted in a Cultural Resources Assessment because of HUD involvement in the financing of the project. Cultural Heritage

32

Research Services, Inc., of New Castle, Delaware, undertook this assessment under the direction of Kenneth J. Basalik. The area had been the site of residences and a large stable from the 1790s. Preliminary results indicate that probably both structural and subsurface features are intact beneath approximately two feet of rubble. The extent of the impact upon the surviving resources has yet to be assessed. The results of the investigation will be detailed in a report upon completion of the project, and the artifactual materials recovered will be placed with a suitable repository in the Baltimore area.

NEW JERSEY

Abbott Farm National Landmark and Trenton/Bordentown Areas: The Cultural Resource Group of Louis Berger and Associ­ates, Inc. (John Hotopp and Richard Hunter, Principal Archaeologists; Richard Porter, Senior Historian) is currently performing a Phase II cultural resource survey in advance of the completion of Interstates 195 and 295, and New Jersey Routes 29 and 129, in the Trenton/Bordentown area. In addition to the well-known Abbott Farm prehistoric s!te, a number of early historic and industrial sites are being examined.

A series of historic farmsteads located on the bluff overlooking Crosswicks Creek and the Delaware River are being studied, including three contiguous late 17th­century plantations founded by English Quakers and the early 19th-century farmstead (partitioned from another late 17th-century plantation) that later became the home of Dr. Charles Conrad Abbott, the celebrated antiquarian. Background research and field investigation have not only addressed specific sites but have also considered the entire historic landscape associated with these farmsteads.

Subsurface testing carried out from July through October, 1981, located one especially significant archaeological site within the proposed rights-of-way: The Thomas Tindall-Robert Pearson house site, which appears to have been occupied c. 1680-1750. In situ foundations of a probable cellar were observed and associated deposits have yielded coins dating from the reigns of William III and George II, glass trade beads, late 17th-/early 18th-century ceramics, and abundant faunal remains. The site overlies and has partially disturbed an

exceptionally rich portion of the Abbott Farm prehistoric, site, a situation that will present interesting methodological problems for any future large scale excavations.

The industrial sites, all of which have required the use of a backhoe to penetrate substantial layers of fill material, include an industrial district on the banks of the Delaware in South Trenton that contains the site of a mid-19th-century ironworks, three mill sites associated with the early 19th­century Trenton textile industry, and a sub­stantial segment of the Trenton Water Power Ganal (built in 1831-34). By far the most important component is the site of the iron­works founded by Peter Cooper in 1845 and later expanded as part of the Cooper-Hewitt empire. This site, which overlies important earlier historic and prehistoric remains, was the scene of many advances in iron and steel technology during the third quarter of the 19th century. The first American experiments in the open hearth method of steel production were carried out here, and the plant was a leader in the mass pro­duction of iron and steel structural beams (for buildings and bridges), rail lines, and, during the Civil War, munitions. A machine shop dating from the 1860s is the only structure of the ironworks that still stands, but archaeological testing has shown that substantial and extensive subsurface remains are present. Trial trenching has revealed the foundations of a chain shop containing a series of forge bases; remains of a blacksmith shop with a massive plinth for a steam hammer; and the foundations of two of the three mills (a woolen mill and a calico printing works).

Other industrial sites include: 1) the 19th-century Hutchinson's Mill Site, a grist and saw milling complex that lies under 10 feet of 1930s landfill; foundations of the grist mill were uncovered during trenching, and a field survey located portions of the water power system; 2) a 2i-mile stretch of the Delaware and Raritan Canal (built 1831-34) containing six lock locations, numerous basins, and other associated structures; this section of the canal was abandoned in 1932-33 and filled shortly afterwards. As the canal is already on the National Register, subsurface testing has concen­trated on establishing the condition of the buried remains; 3) the Lamberton Street China Dumps which are located along the edge of the Delaware River and consist of vast deposits of late 19th-/early 20th-century

33

ceramic waste from the Trenton Potteries (notably the Maddock China Company and the Trenton China Company). Subsurface testing has concentrated on obtaining a stratified sample of ceramic products, makers' marks, and kiln furniture.

Boozer Pottery. Somerset County: Field in­vestigations, directed by Richard Hunter in conjunction with a field methods class taught at Douglass College, Rutgers Univer­si ty , were carried out from March through October, 1981, at the William Boozer Pottery, located on Sour land Mountain, Somerset County, New Jersey. This small country pottery was operating from at least 1820 until the 1860s manufacturing a wide range of utilitarian red earthenware pottery and tile. Field survey and subsurface test­ing located three structures: the potter's house, a workshop, and a building containing at least one kiln. Excavation of a 20 x 13' area within the latter structure revealed the remains of a circular, stone-built, up­draught kiln with the kiln floor and fire chamber preserved intact.

An adjOining stoke-pit was filled to a depth of more than four feet with kiln wasters and kiln furniture. Both kiln and stoke-pit were contained within a long rec­tangular building which may have contained from three to five kilns.

Whitall House: In the fall of 1981 Cultural Heri tage Research Services, Inc., of New Castle, Delaware, conducted historical architectural and archaeological assess­ments of the Charles Whitall House in National Park, New Jersey, for the Baltimore District, United States Army Corps of Engineers. Architectural description and evaluation was done by Edward Hinderliter, assisted by Julia Colflesh. Most of the building, a Federal style farm house built between 1818-1829, had collapsed following a fire over the previous summer. While many structural details were recorded, the structure was found to be ineligible for the National Register of Historic Places.

Kenneth J. Basalik directed the archaeo­logical inv'estigation, assisted by Ted M. Payne, John P. McCarthy and Jack Cresson. Limi ted archaeological tests of the 2.65-acre tract revealed domestic refuse midden deposits containing material dating from the turn of the 19th century and architectural remains of several outbuildings shown on historical maps from the mid-19th century.

In addition, several prehistoric ceramic sherds were recovered from midden deposits associated with the house. These resources were judged by the investigators to be significant and eligible for the National Register.

A draft final report, titled "Cultural Resources Reconnaissance, Borough of National Park, NJ" has been submitted to the client. It is expected that a final version will be submitted by 1 March 1982. The Corps will. make arrangements for the dis­posi tion of the recovered artifacts, now stored at the CHRS lab facility in New Castle.

NEW YORK

New Windsor Cantonment: Archaeologists from the New York State Office of Parks, Recrea­tion, and Historic Preservation initiated a survey of the New Windsor Cantonment under the direction of Charles Fisher during the 1981 season. The New Windsor Cantonment, as the location of the American Revolutionary Army's last winter encampment in 1782-1783, contains the material evidence of Washington's army at the close of the Revolutionary War. The Cantonment developed in a purely rural setting, which was rapidly transformed into a city of 7,000 to 8,000 residents.

The area of the First Massachusetts Brigade is currently under study. This Brigade, under General John Patterson, included three regiments of approximately 100 men each, inhabiting 113 log huts. Research problems under investigation focus on location and identification of activity areas, the spatial arrangement of the camp, an9 variability within and between the log hut sites.

This study emphasizes non-destructive techniques, and excavations will be con­ducted only after the extent and condition of the archaeological resource has been assessed. Surface mapping combined with historical research, soil coring, and soil chemistry have been employed during this early phase of the project. A geophysical survey was conducted by Geosight, Inc., with a grant from the Natural Heritage Trust. Anomalies discovered by the magnetometer survey will be investigated during the next season.

34

Pieter Claeson Wyckoff House, Brooklyn, New York: David Barrett and Daniel G. Roberts (John Milner Associates) report that, under the sponsorship of the City of New York Department of Parks and Recreation, exten­sive excavations were undertaken at the Pieter Claeson Wyckoff House in Brooklyn, New York. The Wyckoff House, reputed to date to the latter part of the 17th century, is currently being restored to its early 19th-century appearance. Documentary evidence gathered to date, however, cannot support a date of origin earlier than c. 1710. Excavations were undertaken as an integral part of the restoration effort and were concentrated in sections of the property, interior as well as exterior of the house, that were to be disturbed by construction. While an early grade directly overlying sterile subsoil has been isolated throughout much of the property, no demonstrably 17th-century artifacts have been recovered. Accordingly, preliminary archaeological . evidence supports the evidence derived from the available documen­tation that the Wyckoff House may, in fact, not be a 17th-century structure. Archaeo­logical research is also focusing upon changing patterns of historic land use at the Wyckoff house, as evidence by a complex series of 19th- and 20th-century surfaces and fill levels. A report on the investi­gation is in preparation.

PENNSYLVANIA

Vine Street Expressway, Philadelphia: John Milner Associates has recently begun work on an assessment of cultural resources that may be impacted by planned construction of the Vine Street Expressway in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This project is being under­taken for Gannett, Fleming, Corddry and Carpenter, Inc., who, in turn, are working under contract to the Pennsylvania Depart­ment of Transportation. The assessment, directed and coordinated by Alex H. Townsend, Alice Kent Schooler, Betty Cosana, and David Barrett is comprised of a study area extending from the Schuykill Expressway on the west to 1-95 on the east and from Callowhill Street on the north to Race Street on the south. The area of archaeo­logical concern, however, lies east of Six­teenth Street. Intended to assist the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation in meeting their requirements for Section 106 review, the study will define the areas

likely to contain significant resources and will recommend appropriate measures for mitigation of construction impact. In order to achieve the objectives, three study teams have been formed in order to divide the areas of research into historical develop­ment, socio-economic patterning and development, and extant resources. The pro­ject area is known to encompass resources ranging in date from the last 17th to the 20th centuries, including the early community of Callowhill that lay beside the Delaware River immediately north of the historic city. Included among the extant resources is a portion of Philadelphia's Chinatown community. A preliminary assess­ment report is in preparation.

Lenape Research: During the year 1981 Professor Marshall Becker of West Chester State College, funded by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities (RS-200091-80-2094), identified and surveyed a series of archives in a search for informa­tion relating to the Lenape people during the Colonial period. The primary goal of this project was to locate records that would enable us to identify patterns of culture change between 1600 and 1750. These data help us to reconstruct Lenape lifestyle at Contact as well as to provide information permitting improved interpretation of archaeological data.

One of the greatest achievements was the location of data indicating more clearly the margins of Lenape territory. We have generally assumed that the western Lenape boundary before 1675 was along the fall line between the Delaware and the Susquehanna, and this appears to have been the case. To the south the border continues to be vague, probably reaching to a buffer zone near the middle of the state of Delaware. The most clear definition is now emerging to the north, where the Lehigh River seems to have been the boundary. The Forks of Delaware region appears to have been a largely vacant buffer zone, inhabited after 1700 only by dislocated Jersey Lenape, some Munsee, and a variety of other immigrant populations.

Demonstrating the distinctions between the Lenape and the Munsee has been a simple task. Some socio-political separation between the Lenapean speakers on either side of the Delaware are now appearing. The northern boundary between the Lenape of New Jersey and the bands oriented toward the lower Hudson are not defined, and the

35

identification of this 'area is the primary goal of present research.

Most surprising has been the discovery that the New Jersey bands of Lenape, at least those once occupying the region south of the Rari tan River, followed a course rather different from that of the Pennsyl­vania Lenape. Both the ecology and peculiarities of culture history seems to have caused the Jersey Lenape to acculturate more rapidly than their northern neighbors (Munsee, Esopus, etc.) who have yet to be defined adequately. Internal dynamics (relationships between bands and land holdings in New Jersey are being studied to determine if borders, cultural relations or prehistoric patterns can be inferred from post-contact interactions. Of interest to us are the results of the separation between the Jersey and the Pennsylvania Lenape and the involvement of the Jersey Lenape in Pennsylvania's Colonial history. In particular, the discovery of an original deed dating from 1734 provides direct evidence to specific origins of the famous Teedyuscung (Cf. Wallace, Anthony F. C. 1949, King of the Delawares: Tedyuscung 1700-1763. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press). Discovery of an early source (1734) indicating his land rights near Tom's River and the tentative identi­fication of his relatives help us to under­stand population movements and social dynamics in the Forks of Delaware 20 years later and during the French and Indian War.

Excavations testing the suspected residence area of the Montgomery Site (36-CH-60) were inconclusive. Artifacts believed to date from the early 18th century were recovered but could be derived from the immediately following colonial occupation (post 1733). No features were revealed that could be associated with the Lenape occupa­tion (ca. 1720-1733).

SOUTHEAST

Reported by Kathleen A. Deagan

FLORIDA

St. Augustine: The Florida State University field school in historical archeology completed its fifth year of investigation into the 16th century component of the Spanish town. Working under the direction of Kathleen Deagan, the student crew tested four sites within the 16th century sett1e-

mente Field supervisors were Charles Stevens (FSU) , Richard Johnson (FSU), Darcy McMahon (FSU) , and Bill Burger (University of South Florida). The objectives of the 1981 season were to delineate the street layout and settlement plan of the 16th century town; to learn more specifically about intra-lot patterning and to continue the on-going study of the first adaptations of the Spaniards to Florida.

The archeologists work with two his­torians, Dr. Eugene Lyon (consultant) and Dr. Paul Hoffman (Louisiana State Univer­sity), zooarcheologist Dr. Betsy Reitz (University of Georgia) and ethnobotanist Ms. Margaret Scarry (University of Michigan). Results of the 1981 season included the locating of several original streets in the settlement, and the rejection of others as original, through the testing of settlement plan hypotheses generated through historical research and previous archeological results. It was also con­firmed that the Spanish town exhibited a highly patterned layout with grid plan streets, wattle and daub structures fronting on the streets, and barrel wells located conSistently at 12-15 meters off the streets. Previously observed patterns of Spanish-Indian admixture in foodways, and the ceramic assemblage continued to be in evidence. The report on the town plan was completed and submitted to the St. Augustine Restoration Foundation, Inc., St. Augustine (312 pp.).

Lignum Vitae Key: In October 1981, the Florida Division of ArChives, History and Records Management conducted test excava­tions at two locations on Lignum Vitae Key in South Florida (H. Baker). The work was done in an effort to identify and date the ruins of two stone buildings on the island. Analysis of recovered material is incomplete but both structures were apparently occupied in the mid-19th century. This research is part of an on-going study of settlement patterning and resource utilization in the Florida Keys. A final report of the work on Lignum Vitae Key will be available in June 1982.

Fort Brooke - Tampa: In June of 1980 the City of Tampa, Florida contracted with Piper Archaeological Research, Inc. of St. Petersburg, Florida to mitigate the impact of a proposed parking garage on cultural resources. The construction impact area,

36

located in the center of Tampa, contained a prehistoric component and evidence of 19th and early 20th century occupation as well as a portion of a previously unknown cemetery associated with Fort Brooke, a frontier American fort which existed from 1824 until 1882.

The remains of 126 historic Indians, soldiers and probably settlers were removed, studied and turned over to the City of Tampa and the Seminole Tribe for reinterment. Analysis of the materials from the site is on-going. Dr. Curtis Wienker, a physical anthropologist, was retained by the Piper firm and has recently completed his descrip­tion and analysis of the human osteological and dental remains from the site. Results from consultants performing trace element analysis and amino acid dating tests are forthcoming.

Broad categories of artifacts recovered include: (1) several types of glass ceramic beads; (2) German silver medallions, gorgets and braclets; (3) silver coins; (4) metal and glass containers; (5) table knives and clasp knives; ( 6 ) military and ci vilian but tons; (7) musket balls; (8) nails; (9 ) lithic projectile points, tools and flakes; and (10) aboriginal pottery. Although analysis of the archaeological material has not been completed as yet, it is anticipated that data from the historic component of the site will fill gaps in the incomplete docu­mentary records concerning the second quarter of the 19th century at Fort Brooke and the frontier settlement which later became Tampa. More specifically, as the earliest historic cemetery in the area, the site is· expected to reflect the demographic structure of the population during the time the cemetery was utilized. Analysis of soil samples from the stomach area of the skele­tons and trace element analysis of bone samples may yield dietary and health data. Excavation of the graves also produced use­ful information conerning burial practices, coffin types, and materials available for coffin construction.

Although physical traits can be used to distinguish between individuals of Amerindian and non-Amerindian ancestry, tribal identity at this site must be deter­mined from artifactual evidence. For example, careful excavation revealed a bead­work pattern of a traditional Seminole style which, together with other data, verifies the historical record of the presence of Seminoles at the Fort.

..

The site is considered a major source of information on the material culture of the Seminoles during a period of rapid cultural adaptation. Differential social status within the Indian population may be evidenced in the grave goods associated with the burials or by the absence of such goods. Perhaps must importantly, the cemetery site has the potential of helping to better understand the process of acculturation during a period of contact and conflict between two cultures.

When analysis and stUdies are complete, a final report of the findings at 8Hi998 will be written and submitted to the City of Tampa and will be available to interested scholars.

GEORGIA

Robert Toombs Site: A two phase project was conducted at the Robert Toombs Historic site in Washington, Wilkes County, Georgia between March and July, 1981. The project was carried out under the auspices of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources and conducted by Morgan R. Crook, Jr., Principal Investigator and Patricia D. O'Grady, Pro­ject Archaeologist. The purpose of this archaeological study was to provide informa­tion required for restoration and interpre­tation of four standing outbuildings and relic landscape features on'the grounds, and their relationship with Robert Toombs, who owned and occupied the residence between 1837 and 1885. Based on archaeological and architectual data gathered, three and possibly all four structures were standing during Toombs occupancy and served a variety of functions over time. Evidence also indicates that the property as a whole served primarily as a residence/ ci ty-farm rather than a full scale working farm or plantation.

NORTH CAROLINA

Flat and Little River Valleys: Documen­tation efforts, combined with field investi­gations, by Mid-Atlantic Archaeological Research, Inc. under the direction of Ronald A. Thomas, have been oriented towards the delineation and explication of mill sites and early industrial complexes in two portions of the Flat and Little River valleys of Piedmont North Carolina. The project areas, which included portions or all of three National Register properties,

37

consisted of both prehistoric and mid-19th century occupations, both of which were apparently oriented towards the resources provided by the river waters. The informa­tion provided by the archaeological investi­gations of the Orange Factory, one of North Carolina's ea~liest Piedmont mill town complexes, was added to the National Register nomination and aided in determining the nature of data recovery operations.

SOUTH CAROLINA

Historic Brattonsville: Carolina Archaeo­logical Services (Columbia, S.C.) recently completed archaeological and architectural investigations at Historic Brattonsville, a National Register property in York County, South Carolina. The work, which was funded by the York County Historic Commission through a matching grant by the South Carolina Department of Archives and History, focused on structural-specific testing and architectural reconstruction at the Revo­lutionary House Spring (about 1776-1850), the Homestead House Well, Kitchen and Servants' Dwelling (about 1823-1838). The major efforts of the historical and archaeo­logical research were: 1) to discover the presence, nature and date of construction of a possible springhouse and wellhouse on the property; 2) to verify the function, use and depositional history of the Homestead House Ki tchen; and 3) to provide archi tectural plans and profiles of existing and indicated structures for interpretive reconstruc­tion. Archaeological testing was conducted at the site during March and April 1981 under the direction of S. Gayle Russell, Project Archaeologist. Historical and architectural research and drawings were prepared by Rebecca G. Fulmer, Architectural Historian. Crew members and research assistants included James B. Legg, Friedrick P. Hamer and Lori J. Brown. Dr. Lesley M. Drucker served as Principal Investigator for the project. A final report is currently in preparation and is expected by late July 1981.

TENNESSEE

Chattanooga: The Jeffrey L. Brown Institute of Archaeology, Univeristy of Tennessee at Chattanooga, conducted intensive testing at the site of Bluff Furnace, an ante-bellum blast furnace situated on the banks of the Tennessee River near downtown Chattanooga.

,.

Built by the East Tennessee Iron Manufac­turing Company as a charcoal-fired furnace in 1854, the furnace was converted to an iron cupola, hot-blast, coke-fired furnace in 1858-59. Political strife presaging the Ci vil War closed the furnace in 1861, and the furnace was disassembled in 1862. During the Federal occupation of the city in 1863 the last remnants of the furnace were destroyed. Bluff Furnace's early use of coke as a fuel is part of its regional industrial historical significance, and the site is on the National Register.

A seven week field school on the site during the summer of 1981 was directed by Dr. Nicholas Honerkamp, Director of UTC' s Institute of Archaeology. The field school was followed by a five week contract excava­tion funded under a grant from the Lyndhurst Foundation and administered by Bluff Furnace of Chattanooga, Inc., a non-profit organi­zation steering the proposed development of the Bluff Furnace site as an historical park. Excavations at the site revealed substantial remains of the furnace enclosure, casting shed and related structures. Evidence of the conversion of the furnace from charcoal to coke fuel was present in a greatly modified furnace base. Machine parts, castings and structural fittings were recovered, and chemical analysis of raw materials, by-products and castings will be made to document the pro­duction capabilities of the furnace and illuminate its progressive role in the southern Appalachian iron manufacturing region during the nineteenth century. A report on the research is expected in March, 1982.

GULF STATES

Normally Reported By Anne Fox

LOUISIANA (reported by Kathleen Deagan)

New Orleans: Between February and June, 1981, the Delta Chapter of the Louisiana Archaeological Society, under the supervision of J. Richard Shenkel of the University of New Orleans, conducted excava­tions at the Lemann Site, a mid-nineteenth century townhouse located in the Uptown (American) section of New Orleans. Acti vi ties were then shifted to the Cizek Si te, a series of multiple houses in the Downtown (Creole) section of New Orleans in Fauberg Marigny which is one of the first

38

areas to be developed beyond the limits of the French Quarter with an initial settle­ment beginning about 1810. The focus of the research is the testing of the premise that the various neighborhoods of New Orleans maintained a markedly different cultural character given comparable socio-economic status but different ethnic and cultural backgrounds.

Both of these excavations are part of a long term project in which a number of different sites from around the city have been, and will be, examined sufficiently to obtain a sample of several neighborhoods and all ethnic and socio-economic classes. Of particular interest are the potentially differential food ways, including spirits, plus the acquisition and use of various items of material culture. There is a strong local New Orleans tradition that the various neighborhoods maintained a unique integrity through time and one questions whether this perception can be borne out by the archaeology. At present, this project is being done wi th volunteer labor with incidental expenses being covered by donations from the excavation team and minor support in supplies and equipment by the Univerity of New Orleans Department of Anthropology and Geography. Preliminary results will be presented at the 1983 Annual Meeting of the Louisiana Archaeological Society, the dates and location of which will be announced at a later date.

PACIFIC WEST

Reported by Paul J. F. Schumacher

CALIFORNIA

Walnut Update: John F. Elliott (Scientific Resource Survey, Inc. Historian) presented a Cultural Resource Management Plan to the City of Walnut which included a proposal to compile a master inventory of archaeo­logical/historical sites within the City of Walnut. In addition, the plan included a plan whereby each developer/applicant would be assessed a set cost which would be placed in a general cultural resource management fund. The intent of this plan is to share the cost of the resource program among all of the developers; the present system stipulates that the landowner is to be billed exclusively if a resource is dis­covered on a particular project~ The City of Walnut is presently considering adoption of the SRS plan.

Orange County Preservation: SRS recently conducted a survey which resulted in the documentation of two significant Orange County cultural resources. The survey, submi t ted for review to the Orange County Historical Commission, located two standing walls of the widow Serrano Adobe believed to have been constructed ca. 1870, shortly after the Serrano clan was evicted from Rancho Canada de Los A1isos near modern day E1 Toro. The site appears to have experienced very little disturbance and may contain important subsurface information pertaining to the Californio adjustment during Americanization. Immediate steps were taken by SRS to stabilize the structure by adding a make-shift roof which will pro­tect the adobe from the winter rains. SRS was given permission to excavate the site by Serrano descendants; SRS hopes to proceed in the spring of 1982 using volunteers.

In addition, one section of the Serrano barn was found to be particularly interest­ing and was removed to the SRS lab for preservation and study. The artifact con­sists of a redwood panel which in later times functioned as a door; the panel measures 3 feet by 5.5 feet. The external surface contains a series of Basque carvings which depict various scenes of Basque culture, i.e. hunting, sheepherding and mis­cellaneous historical graffiti. The dates 1886, 1887, 1888 are clearly discernible as well as the Basque name "Juan Gless". Henry Serrano, present owner of the property, claimed that the redwood planks were brought to their prop~rty from the near-by Glenn Ranch years ago. Juan G1ess, an area sheep­herder, was known to have leased the pasturage in the 1880's. According to noted Basque ethnohistorian, Dr. Sonia Eagle, the door is unique; the majority of Basque carvings of this nature were simple etchings in rock or on the surface of tree bark. SRS is planning a publication on this unique artifact of Basque culture. The artifact as an expression of art will be examined by Roger J. Desautels; the historical implica­tions of the item are under study by John F. Elliott.

SOUTHWEST

Reported By James Ayres

Navajo Nation Cultural Resource Management Program (NNCRMP): under the general direc­tion of David E. Doyel, 200 projects have

39

been conducted on Tribal lands in Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah in 1981. These pro­jects have varied from small-scale surveys of drill pads and water lines to large-scale field work involving thousands of hectares. About half of these projects have encountered cultural resources, most of which are from the historic period, mainly Navajo.

Doyel and Klara Kelley (NNCRMP) continue to work with Navajo people to determine the ethnic significance of particular cultural resources and to develop policies consistent wi th these findings. As part of this effort, Kelley has conducted ethnohistoric research for several archaeological pro­jects. In three localities scheduled for range reseeding (Carrizo Mountains, Arizona, Whea tfields-Canyon de Chelly, Arizona, and an areas within a 60 mile radius of Gallup New Mexico), research was focused on local Navajo land-use patterns and local Navajos were interviewed con­cerning specific historic sites. They were also asked about sacred sites in accordance with the provisions of the American Indian Religious Freedom Act (PL 95-341). Archaeo­logical surveys in these range reseeding areas have been conducted by Lauri Warner (NNCRMP) and, Mark Elson near Cove, Phillip Stewart (NNCRMP) in Wheatfie1ds-Canyon de Chelly, and Kris Langenfeld (NNCRMP) in the Gallup area. A large proportion of sites recorded in each survey have been historic (mostly 20th century) Navajo.

Kelley is also working on an analysis of ethnohistorical and archaeological data on Navajo economy and land use in the Black Creek Valley •. Kelley's ethnoarchaeological and ethnohistorical study of the Chaco Canyon Ranch is now completed and will be available in the near future. Kelley and Genevieve Pino (NNCRMP) are collaborating with Anne Cully, Marcie Donaldson, and Molly S. Toll of the Ethnobotany Laboratory of the Uni versi ty of New Mexico on an ethnohis­torical and ethnobotanical study of Navajo farming near Chaco Canyon.

Russel T. Fehr and Linda Popelish (NNCRMP) have recorded 41 sites, a large proportion of which are historic Navajo, along Navajo Route 13 that crosses the Chuska Mountains from Red Rock to Lukachukai, Arizona. Work has been com­pleted on the Navajo Route 41 survey on Black Mesa in Arizona, under the direction of Laurance D. Linford (NNCRMP). The survey inventory includes 47 Navajo sites. Scott

C,. Russell of Arizona Stat.e University has completed an ethnohistorical study about how these sites reflect changes in the 20th century Navajo economy of Black Mesa. The study includes informant data on the individual sites.

Work continues on the Navajo Indian Irri­gation Project (NIIP) near Farmington, N.M. .Recently completed excavation reports for NIIP Blocks III (Lawrence Vogler, NNCRMP) and 'Blocks VI and VII (Terry Del Bene, NNCRMP) include discussions of historic Navajo sites. Numerous historicaf Navajo sites were excavated on Blocks VIII-XI under the direction of Lawrence Vogler, Joseph Anderson (NNCRMP) , and Dennis Gilpin (NNCRMP) during the 1981 field season. Analyses of the NIIP Navajo sites employ frontier and acculturation theory; detailed studies of historic artifacts are also in progress.

UTAH

Penn's Archaeology of the Historic American West Project: A long te.rm study of the historic settlement of the American West as seen in a particular region was initiated in May with a two phase field season in south­western Utah. This area, and adjacent zones in Arizona and Nevada, is a unique environ­mental and cultural region known his­torically as "Dixie". First settled in the 1850' s by Mormon pioneers it received its name during the 1860's from attempts to grow cot ton along the Virgin River. Robert L. Schuyler (University Museum and Department of American Civilization, University of Pennsylvania), assisted by Elizabeth Crowell, Joel Fry and James O'Connor (Penn. Ph.D. Program in Historical Archaeology) spent the first four-week phase doing a detailed above-ground investigation of the six inactive cemeteries at Grafton, Hamblin, Harrisburg, Hebron and Silver Reef in Washington County. Each burial ground, the first four being LDS (Mormon) and the last two representing Catholic and Protestant interments at the abandoned mining town of Silver Reef, were mapped and inventoried. A descriptive and photographic record was made of all grave sites. This detailed survey is the first step in a continuing study of the many local historic cemeteries in the county that contain burials dating between 1860 and 1920.

In June a second phase involving archaeo­logical survey and excavation focused on

40

Silver Reef, an intrusive abandoned 19th century mining town. This non-Mormon settlement, which had a population of well over 1000 by 1880, was founded in 1876 but had already become an effective ghost town by the 1890's. An intensive surface col­lecting program recovered a very fragmentary but scientifically valuable range of domes­tic artifacts from the core of the community, which consists of a few standing buildings and the stone foundations of many other structures. A small test excavation was also opened within what had been Silver Reef's China Town. Porcelain sherds, opium pipe fragments and brass opium cans, along wi th Anglo-American items adopted by the Chinese, were recovered from the surface of this enclave with smaller but identical samples coming from the excavation.

Plans for the summer of 1982 include the completion of the surface collecting program and the excavation of one or more structures at Silver Reef. The historic cemetery inventory will continue and one of the early Mormon agricultural village sites may be tested. Materials recovered this summer are being cleaned and analyzed at the University Museum. Eventually they will form the core of a historic-archaeological museum planned by the Washington County Commissioners in the restoration of the Wells Fargo Building at Silver Reef.

Lott's Farm: historical archaeological and architectural investigations were conducted at the site of Lott's Farm located in Clear Creek Canyon 23 miles southwest of Rich­field, Utah. Bruce Hawkins reports that the investigations were conducted by the Antiquities Section, Utah Division of State History between May and September 1981. The farm will be impacted by construction of Interstate 70 through the canyon. The farm was established in 1877 and was built for one .of John Smiley Lot t 's two wives. The Lotts continued to occupy the farm until 1942 when it was abandoned. The investi­gators hoped to show that the farm was affected by the introduction of mining and railroads to the area in the 1890s. Studies proved otherwise and indicated a relatively unchanged subsistence level of farming until the late 1930s. A final report is scheduled for February, 1982.

CANADA: ONTARIO

Reported by Karlis Karklins

Macdonell House: Loca ted on the Ottawa River in Pointe Fortune near the Quebec border, the Macdonell house was the subject of a three-part research project (his­torical, architectural and archaeological) sponsored by the property owners, the Ontario Heritage Foundation. John Macdonell (1768-1850) retired to Pointe Fortune in 1813 with his Metis wife Magdeleine Poitras and their children. Prior to his arrival at Pointe Fortune, Macdonell had been employed first as a clerk and then as a partner in the North West Company. In addition to the large stone house which he built ca. 1817, Macdonell's holdings included approximately one thousand acres of land, grist and saw mills, an ice house, smoke house, retail store, wood sheds, barns, forwarding shed, and numerous other farm buildings. Concur­rent with his farming operations, Macdonell was involved in several business ventures, as well as being appointed judge in the Ottawa District and serving in the Parlia­ment of Upper Canada.

During the 1981 field season, four crew members under the direction of Tom Reitz, spent 17 weeks excavating various areas of the property. In excess of 20,000 arti­facts were uncovered in the-course of the excavations. The most significant find of the summer was a foundation measuring 20 by 33 ft. which is believed to have belonged to a retail store contracted for in 1822. Several structural features related to Macdonell house proper were also delineated. Of particular note were a series of basement window wells along the west facade of the house. Excavation adjacent to the east facade uncovered a stone wall of unknown origin. Its orientation with the east facade is extremely irregular and requires further investigation although it may relate to an earlier gallery or porch on this side of the house.

A research manuscript regarding the 1981 excavation is being prepared and will be deposited with the Ontario Heritage Founda­tion, Toronto, and the Ministry of Culture and Recration, Eastern Region, Ottawa.

Grand River Rescue Project: William A. Fox reports that in 1981, the Southwestern Archaeological Office of the Ontario Ministry of Culture and Recreation, London,

41

assisted T. Kenyon and D. Faux in the rescue excavation of an artifactually rich deposit apparently relating to the activities of John Croker, a merchant situated near the mouth of the Grand River. Three dozen coins, a pair of spectacles, fragments of over 100 ceramic vessels, and tailoring articles including civilian and military buttons were amongst the artifacts recovered from the small shallow deposit dating to the mid-1840s.

Two highway corridor surveys conducted by the Southwestern Archaeological Office, Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications, London, located a variety of historic period sites. Along Highway 7/8 from Stratford to New Hamburg, formerly the Huron Road, a total of 12 19th-century domestic sites were identified and related to the early settlement of the Huron Tract. In addition, the site of an early cheese factory and that of an as yet undocumented 19th century red earthenware pottery were located. No above ground architecture was extant on these sites. West of Hespeler, on a proposed bypass, the former site of the Ellis lime kiln was identified. This early 19th century draw kiln was constructed of granite and limestone boulders, and the com­plex included a small limestone quarry and a slaking pit.

Van Egmond House: (Extracted from the News­letter of the Museum of Indian Archaeology, University of Western Ontario, 1981, Vol. 3, No.1). Built by Colonel Anthony Van Egmond in 1846, this 2-1/2-storey brick building with a single storey kitchen wing is located in Egmondville, Huron County. Typical of the Canadian vernacular interpretation of Georgian style architecture, the structure was deemed of sufficient historical and architectural importance by a local group of citizens (the Van Egmond Foundation) to warrant its restoration and the reconstruc­tion of several outbuildings. To aid this endeavor, three archaeological investiga­tions headed by Robert G. Mayer, Contract Archaeologist with the Museum of Indian Archaeology, London, have been carried out thus far, resulting in the discovery of an impressive array of sub-surface architec­tural features and structural remains.

The first investigation uncovered the front verandah's original stone foundation and allowed certain construction details to be incorporated into the present recon-

structed version. The second investigation centered upon midden deposi ts and fortuitously discovered the stone founda­tions of what are presently assumed to be a privy and a possible smoke house. A number of brick-lined paths in back of the house which are not related to the original con­struction period were also discovered.

The third investigation focused upon the carriage house that is known from period photographs to have existed but whose exact location and dimensions could not be con­firmed. This investigation was performed almost entirel.y by 29 grade 13 students from the local Seaforth District High School who volunterred their mornings for four days to excavate under supervised conditions in miserable weather. Their stout-hearted efforts were rewarded with unspectacular but still very important results. Evidence (decayed wood fragments and moulds of wood beams in the subsoil) was discovered that is interpreted as being the remains of the building's mud sills.

These investigations also recovered a rich yield of over 10,000 specimens repre­senting household artifacts, bric-a-brac, building hardware and domestic refuse that were deposited over time throughout the occupation period of the house.

Bethune-Thompson House: From May until mid­August 1981, the Ontario Heritage Foundation sponsored a second season of archaeological work at the Bethune-Thompson House in Williamstown. The OHF purchased the pro­perty in 1977, with the intention to restore and reconstruct structures and past land­scaping arrangements. Archaeological activities were concentrated north of the house, where a refuse midden had been located during the 1980 excavations. Struc­tures related to the house were also examined, and test excavations were under­taken on a property adjacent to the Bethune­Thompson House, where farm employees once resided during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The 1981 excavations were directed by Marc Lavoie, assisted by Stephen Powell and four anthropology students.

The artifacts retrieved in 1981 included a great variety of pearlwares, white refined earthenwares, stonewares, ironstones and some porcelain. Also recovered were. a variety of glass and metal artifacts. Status differences were reflected in the artifact assemblages from the main house and that occupied by the employees. Bone

42

chinas, porcelains, red-clay tobacco pipes and German porcela~n tobacco pipes, as well as;stem-glassware retrieved at the Bethune­thompson House were absent in the employees' house assemblage. A complete artifact and excavation report is in preparation and should be completed in early 1982. Partial analysis indicates that the Bethune­Thompson House was occupied from 1785 through 1981.

Scharf Site: The Nathaniel Scharf site (BhFx-1) is located in the southeast half of Lot 3, Concession 3, March Township - now the city of Kanata. The homestead and farm buildings are situated on a slight rise surrounded by low-lying fields of very poor farm land. Originally allocated to a William English in 1821, it was sold in the early 1830s to Enoch Scharf who had settled nearby and needed additional land for his expanding family. The site was occupied by succeeding generations of Scharfs until 1956, when it was sold and the log house and two barns were subsequently removed.

The proximity of the Scharf site to Earl J. March Secondary School, its ability to provide many seasons of viable excavation, the availability of local research sources and the relatively low-grade archaeological importance of the site made it an ideal location for the field school which is an important part of a grade 11 advanced-level course in archaeology offered by the history department of the school. The field school is operated· by Helen Armstrong under the supervision and with the assistance of Phill Wr.ight and Peter· Engelbert of the Eastern Archaeological Office of the Ministry of Culture and Recreation, Ottawa. The excava­tions are intended to discover as much as possible about the life style of the Scharf family, and to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that, given the poor farm land of March Township, this life style could not have reached a very high level of prospe­rity.

In May, 1980, work was concen tra ted in the area around the location of the log house. Units were opened around the periphery of the cellar depression and yielded the following collection: fragments of a variety of bottles and glass stoppers; animal bones, butchered and gnawed; buttons, mostly from work clothes, but also one very dainty ceramic specimen; rusty metal, mostly farm machinery parts; nails of every variety from the 1850s on; ceramic fragments, none

bigger than 5 by 5 cm, and no two alike in pattern or color; rotten wooden planks on the southern periphery, and a mysterious jumble of modern bricks with no mortar attached and no sign of burning below the surface at the northeast corner of the house.

In 1981, it was decided to extend the excavation of the area around the log house location farther to the east and to open two test trenches around an adjacent small stone foundation - one inside the west wall and one outside the east wall. The units opened to the east of the house were very reward­ing, yielding the same kinds of artifacts as recovered in 1980, but in greater quantities. ·An interesting pattern of stones may represent a step down into a summer kitchen, as well as stones placed under one of its walls.

Test trench one - inside the west wall of the stone foundation - was excavated to bedrock, which was presumably the floor of the structure. Evidence of whitewashing was discovered on the wall, and a collection of metal hand tools was found lying on the bedrock. The work in test trench two required the painstaking recording and lifting of a mass of stones, some mortar and rotten wood in an effort to discover whether this represented a collapsed walloI' a sup­port for a wall, and to try to discover the location of the doorway.

The records and artifacts of the 1981 excavation are now being analysed by this year's class, and eventually the findings of each year's excavations will be compiled into a final report on the Nathaniel Scharf site.

CANADA: PRAIRIE REGION

Reported by Peter J. Priess

MANITOBA

Upper Fort Garry: Greg Monks, assisted by Biron Ebell, began test excavations on August 17 in Bonnycastle Park, near the forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers, to locate what remains of the west wall and southwest bastion of Upper Fort Garry. The fort., dismantled in 1882, was the center of economic, SOCial, and political life in Rupertsland from the time of its construc­tion in 1836. The first test trench encountered the foundation of the fort wall

43

approximately 1 m. east of its anticipated location. This foundation consisted of large rounded limestone boulders held together by a crude mortar. The width of the foundation was just over 1 m. Further excavation revealed the wall of a log struc­ture 3 m. outside the fort wall and buried in the next deeper stratum. The exposed portion of the log wall was almost 2 m. high and 2 m. long. It was piece en piece construction, and the exterior surfaces of the oak logs had been chopped smooth. One corner of the wall was exposed, and it showed that the butt ends of many logs had been left wedgeshaped as when the trees were first felled. The logs were in an excellent state of preservation due to the high water­table of the river silts in which they were buried. The excavation was closed on September 30, but laboratory analysis and archival research will continue throughout the winter. Funding is presently being sought for an extensive field effort in 1982 and subsequent analysis in the 1982-83 winter.

SASKATCHEWAN

Fort Carl ton: During 1979, Saska tchewan Museum of Natural History staff under the direction of Ian Dyck completed the last of 21 seasons of exploration at Fort Carlton Provincial Historic Park. Fort Carlton (H.B.Co. 1810-85) was a provisions post and transportation hub for the Northwestern Interior fur trade. Situated on the North Saskatchewan River midway between Forts Garry and Edmonton, Carlton was one of a string of posts spanning the top of the Northern Plains. It facilitated eastwest traffic on the river by canoe, York boat and steam boat and over land by ox cart. Carlton also provided a connection to the rich northern A thabaska district via the Carlton-Green Lake trail.

Early archaeological research at Fort Car 1 ton, during 1964-69, focused on late phases of the complex and was motivated by the pressing needs of reconstruction which was then in progress. The present research, however, was mainly concerned with exploring areas outside the reconstructed fort for purposes of long range planning. We searched for, and found, evidence of earlier forts, gardens, grave yards, cart trails, river crossings, metis farms, and cottage industrial complexes, all within one km. of the reconstruction.

A compilation of information pertaining to late phases of Fort Carlton, derived mainly from unpublished archaeological reports prepared in the 1960' s, is near completion and will soon appear in the Pastlog manuscript series. A general history based on archival materials is also slated for the series and further archaeo­logical reports on the recent work will follow. A 26 minute colour film interpre­ting the history of Fort Carlton from an archaeological viewpoint was premiered in August 1981. The film is entitled "Carlton's Buried Past". A single loan copy is presently available from the Museum, but additional copies will be available for loan through Sask Media or for sale through the film maker, Robert J. Long, Box 69, Balgonie, Saskatchewan, SOG OEO, in 1982.

CANADA: WESTERN REGION

Reported by Don Steer

ALBERTA

Trans Canada Highway - Banff National Park: An Historical Resources Impact Assessment was carried out by the Archaeological Research Section, Parks Canada, Western Region, along the Trans Canada Highway in Banff National Park during the summer of 1981. The field stUdies were conducted in response to twinning and upgrading of kilo­metres 0 to 13. The research program involved archival file searches to determine the number and location of previously recorded sites in the study area, as well as extensive foot traverses and subsurface testing of the highway .right-of-way and significant peripheral areas. Twenty-three historical resource sites of prehistoric or historic origin were located. Mi tigative measures were recommended and implemented for each individual site ranging from site recording to site excavation. The research project was under the direction of the reporter with the assistance of John Porter. Results of the H.R.!.A. will appear in Parks Canada's Manuscript Report Series.

Bow Valley Parkway - Banff National Park: The reporter conducted a second major Historical Resources Impact Assessment in Banff National Park in May and June, 1981. This research program involved an assessment of Kilometres 18 to 29 of the Bow Valley Parkway (Highway 1A). Th:i.rteen historical

44

resource sites of prehistoric or historic origin were identified along the proposed highway right-of-way and immediate vicinity. Only one site of historical resource significance was found that would be directly affected by construction. The Site, Silver City, a late 19th century mining community was subjected to extensive test excavation to provide archaeological clearance prior to highway construction. Results of the Bow Valley Parkway H.R.I.A. will appear in Parks Canada's Manuscript Report Series.

Cave and Basin - Banff National Park: In July, 1981, a small field crew under the direction of the reporter conducted an area survey of Cave and Basin, the site of the original Banff Hot Springs ( 1885) • The survey was carried out in order to complete an historical resources inventory for the area. The inventory will be incorporated into the Cave and Basin Interpreti ve Management Unit's development plan scheduled for completion in 1985. The plan includes stabilization, restoration and reconstruction, as well as on-site interpre­tation. Results of the survey included delineation of water supply and drainage systems, certain structural remains and refuse concentrations. Partial excavation of a major refuse area is scheduled for 1982.

Lake Louise - Banff National Park: Under the supervision of the reporter and assisted by John Porter, an Historical Resources Impact Assessment was carried out in the Lake Louise area of Banff National Park in August 1981 by Parks Canada. The H.R.I.A. was implemented in response to scheduled development of several land areas at the Lake Louise townsite. Although no new his­torical resource sites were identified during the field period, a number of previously recorded sites were relocated and re-assessed in light of the proposed development. These resources included both prehistoric and historic sites. All his­toric sites dated to Canadian Pacific Rail­way construction activities (1880s) and sub­sequent logging period which continued up to the 1920s.

BRITISH COLUMBIA

Fisgard Island Storehouse: Archaeological excavations under the direction of the

reporter, with the assistance of Merlin Rosser and Susan Currie, were carried out at Fisgard Island off the southwest coast of Vancouver Island over a six-week period in August and September, 1981. Located at the entrance to Esquimalt Harbour, Fisgard Island became the site of the first permanent lighthouse in operation on the west coast of Canada in 1860. Fisgard Lighthouse was principally established as a guide to assist vessels entering the harbour after dusk. Several ancillary buildings appeared on the island wi thin the first decade of operation. In 1864, a brick storehouse used to house oil and water was constructed central to the island. The building remained intact until its removal in 1952. The 1981 archaeological excavation program by Parks Canada concentrated on the site of the storehouse. The study was con­ducted to gather structural data for on-site reconstruction of the building to the 1860s period. Complete excavation of the struc­tural remains and immediate surrounding area gave detailed informa tion relevant to several associated building features, including a bonded stone foundation, painted brick walls, a cement parged brick water cistern, cut sandstone belting for door lintels, and window components. Also recovered was data connected to the con­struction and operation. of the Fisgard Lighthouse itself.

A short summary report on the field season has been submitted for publication in Parks Canada's Research Bulletin. A final, detailed report on the archaeological investigations and associated artifact assemblage will appear in Parks Canada's Manuscript Report Series.

CARIBBEAN

Reported by David R. Watters

BARBUDA

David R. Watters (Woods Hole Oceano­graphic Institution) reports that analysis of ceramics from the Highland House site (BA-H1) indicates occupation probably occurred between the 1720s or 1730s and about 1800, a span that falls within the period (1860s-1870s) when the Codrington family of Antigua and England leased the island from the British Crown. Threedata sets conSisting of sherds from two surface collections and one test pit yielded mean

45

ceramic dates from the third quarter of the eighteenth century. White salt-glazed stonewares, lead-glazed slipwares, tin­enamelled wares (especially delftware), and creamwares are abundant in the collections; pearlwares are minimally represented; whitewares are absent. Highland House most likely was used as a temporary reSidence, a retreat of sorts, for members and friends of the Codrington family when visiting the island for relaxation including hunting of European fallow deer and African guinea fowl imported for that purpose. The site there­fore was occupied sporadically rather than continuously during the eighteenth century. Nine structures built of native limestone were identified and mapped including six buildings, a cistern, a water catchment, and a bordering wall, which are in varying states of preservation ranging from generally intact (Le., walls upright) to completely collapsed. Documentary eVidence, which confirms the existence of the site in the latter eighteenth century, suggests construction took place in several phases although these have yet to be verified on the ground. Research was supported by a Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dis­sertation Research Abroad Fellowship (DHEW:OE) and an Andrew Mellon Pre-Doctoral Fellowship at the University of Pittsburgh.

HAITI

The Department of Anthropology at the University of Florida is continuing analysis of the first three season's work at the site of Puerto Real. The town was founded by Spaniards in 1503 and had a major period of activity until the late 1540's followed by declining activity until disestablishment in 1576. Following abandonment it· was robbed for brick by French settlers in the 18th century but had not been the scene of building acti vi ty until the present. It thus represents. a very "pure" early 16th century site little disturbed by subsequent activity. Part of its importance derives from its linkage in early documents to Navidad, the site where Columbus left the crew after the wrecking of the Santa Maria on Christmas Eve, 1492. A large late Indian village two kilometers from the site of Puerto Real may in the future reveal evidence of Navidad; the first Spanish settlement in the New World.

Excavations have been funded from 1979 through 1981 by the Organization of American

States and the University of Florida. The site was identified by Dr. William Hodges of Limbe, Hai ti who has extended marty courtesies and support facilities to the University of Florida crews.

In 1979, Raymond Willis, with O.A.S. funds, identified a major brick-built build­ing with carved stone gargoyle and simpler water spouts. Excavation of the robbed footing ditches of the building was completed in the 1980 season. Willis has now completed cataloguing the 1979 and 1980 materials and they will be returned to the Institut de Sauvegarde du Patrimoine National in Haiti.

The 1981 season accomplished the excava­tion of part of Building B adjacent to Building A and to the cemetary. The brick­walled building had a sime of very large postholes extending into the cemetary area, postulated to be a wooden extension of the structure. Gary Shapiro and Dr. William Hodges excavated a test square of the cemetary to reveal superimposed burials.

Jennifer Hamilton excavated a refuse deposit associated with what appears to have been a residential structure. Bonnie McEwan excavated an extensive, massive deposit associated with building rubble. Rochelle Marrinan was general director of the 1981 project and supervised excavation of Build­ing B.

Artifact material is exclusively early 16th century Spanish in origin. Majolica of early types along with Green Glazed basins predominate. Much glass of the laticino types have been found. No firearms have so far been recovered but numerous scabbard champes have been found as well as several crossbow quarrel tips. Some oriental porcelain has appeared dating before the initia tion of the Manila Galleons.

Betsy Reitz of the University of Georgia is analysing faunal remains from the domes­tic sites excavated in 1981. This work at the Florida State Museum has revealed very numerous cattle bones but little evidence of the Spaniards using local animal or fish resources.

While the project will continue to reveal significant descriptive information on early Spanish settlement patterns in the New World, it is felt that the major contribu­tion of the Puerto Real research will be a bet ter understanding of the ways in which the Spaniards adapted to the natural and cultural environment of the New World. It is at such places as Puerto Real that the Hispanic-American tradition began to crystalize.

46

SINT EUSTATIUS

Hosted by the St. Eustatius Historical Foundation and the island government, members of the College of William and Mary Archaeological Field School, under the direction of Norman F. Barka, assisted by Edwin Dethlefsen, conducted work on Statia during the months of June and July, 1981. The purpose of the archaeology, in this first season of research, was to obtain data on the location and nature of archaeological remains on the island. This in forma tion, when combined with data from documentary sources, would enable the formulation of more specific questions and hypotheses for future research.

In addition to land excavation (see below), Jay Haviser surveyed the main cultivation plain and located 117 sites, including domestic ruins, batteries/forts, sugar mills, artifact clusters, and 8 newly discovered prehistoric sites. Stephen Gluckman and Ken Hardin of the University of South Florida carried out underwater reconnaisance of the shallow water area of Oranje Bay, on the west side of the island.

Land excavation took place at five sites: 1). several warehouse structures in the Lower Town were partially excavated, under the direction of Patricia Kandle. Numerous stone walls, a cobblestone pavement, stone post supports, and other features dating to the late 18th and 19th centuries were uncovered. Some warehouse foundations, pro­bably earlier in date, were reached at a depth of eight feet below ground surface. Excavation will continue at this site in 1982. 2). an extremely rich trash deposit, situated in a narrow space between two ware­house structures in another part of the Lower Town, dates to the 1770-1790 period. In addition to defining warehouse foundation construction and many earlier features, excavation revealed an extremely diverse and plentiful deposit of English, Dutch, and French ceramics, glass bottles, superb stem­ware, coins, etc., as well as large amounts of faunal material. 3). in order to obtain comparative information from the Upper Town, a large trash deposit dating to the middle to late 18th century was investigated near the Dutch Reformed Church. The main trash area, near a ravine, yielded a large variety of Dutch delftware and numerous other arti­facts. The excavation was supervised by James Kochan. 4). limited excavation was

undertaken at Fort de Windt, a small 18th century battery located on the south coast of Statia. A small undisturbed portion of a stone retaining wall and cobblestone pave­ment was investigated prior to impending architectural reconstruction. 5). Crooks Castle, an isolated but sophisticated complex of above ground stone walls and cisterns, located on the southwest side of the island, was mapped and photographed, under the supervision of Roni Hinote. Limited excavation was carried out in order to assess the nature of underground remains, since the site had been heavily disturbed by bead hunters.

Edwin Ayubi, Director of the Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, Government of the Netherlands Antilles, participated in the summer's work, as did Nadia Brito and others from Curacao and St. Martin. Eric Ayisi, Department of Anthropology, College of William and Mary, began an ethnographic study of the people of Sint Eustatius.

SPECIAL RESEARCH REPORT

The Archaeology of Two 1622 Spanish Galleons off the Florida Keys: An Up-Date by R. Duncan Mathewson III

For over a decade Treasure Salvors, Inc. has been involved with the salvage of ma terial from two escort galleons lost in the 1622 Spanish Terra Firme fleet: Nuestra Senora de Atocha and Santa Margarita. These wreck sites are located 40 miles west of Key West, Florida.

In 1973 the Atocha site was positively identified by matching the recovered arti­facts with the archival evidence provided by Dr. Eugene Lyon. While salvage work proceeded on this site, survey efforts were continued in order to locate the scattered remains of the other galleon. In 1980 the Margarita site was located and positively identified. Since then a vast amount of material has been recovered from this second site. At the present time a concentrated effort is being made to locate the main part of the Atocha site which still remains unde­tected. While this search and survey opera­,tion continues, salvage operations on the Margarita site are being intensified in order to locate more remains of the ship and its contents.

Since 1973 archaeological research on the 1622 shipwrecks has been directed for Treasure Sal vors , Inc. by R. Duncan

47

Mathewson III. This on-going study was developed to mitigate adverse impact of the salvage operations while conducting problem-oriented research.

The research design formulated for these sites has focused on gaining better cultural and historical insights concerning three major questions: 1) To what extent does the material culture reflect life under sail and nautical traditions of the period, 2) How does the artifact assemblage complement the historical record in the study of the Spanish Flota system of the New World?, 3) To what degree can the assemblage be used as a basis for a study of the patterns and processes of cultural change within a mari­time environment.

ARTIFACT RESEARCH

The 1622 assemblage is the largest ship­wreck collection in the New World. As arti­facts have been photographed, drawn, and studied, a vast amount of archaeological data has been compiled, providing new insights into the seafaring traditions and maritime culture of the early 17th century. The artifact study has been aided by more than a dozen university scholars and museum specialists in this country and abroad. When the material is not being exhibited, it is available to researchers who wish to do their own study on particular artifacts of special interest to them.

The preliminary study of the material is presently being compiled for publication at the end of the year. This archaeological study will incorporate considerable artifact information contained in an MA thesis on the Atocha site completed in 1977 by Mathewson at Florida Atlantic University.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL MAPPING

Underwater mapping of the archaeological remains of Atocha and Margarita has provided new clues to the sequence of events sur­rounding these shipwrecks. By carefully recording the locations of different types of artifacts, it has been possible to piece together the physical evidence of both disasters. By linking the archaeological information with the available historical documentation, a comprehensive picture of each shipwreck has emerged. This inter­disciplinary research approach has developed new ways of locating, identifying, and interpreting other historic shipwrecks throughout the New World.

SHIP REMAINS

In addition to archival research by Lyon, which has yielded the actual contract docu­ments for the building of Nuestra Senora de Atocha, archaeological explorations have located the hull remains of the starboard sterncastle top-timber and upper futtock framing from Santa Margarita. Nothing like this structure has ever been recovered before in the New World. Study of the frames and strakes have revealed important verification and clarification of specifi­cations in the Atocha construction contract and other manuscripts relating to ship­bulding techniques of the period. These articulated timbers were mapped and photo­graphed in situ with the use of photogram­metric techniques before they were raised and moved to a wet storage tank to await stabilization with polyethylene glycol. (PEG)

The study of this hull structure is being undertaken by two ship historians, William D. Muir and Captain William P. Frank of the Key West Maritime Historical Society. These timbers are providing new information about shear joints, fastening procedures and framing techniques which is filling a large void in our knowledge of galleon construc­tion and European shipbuilding techniques in the early 17th century. Part of this architectural analysis will include the building of a framing mock-up to help answer research questions concerning Margarita structural components; this will facilitate a complete reconstruction of the entire vessel at a 1:48 scale.

CONSERVATION

Artifact conservation is playing a critical role in this research project. The magnitude and diversity of the artifact assemblage from these two Spanish galleons is presenting a provocativ'e archaeological challenge. Treasure Salvors, Inc. is insuring that all the recovered material is catalogued and properly stored until it can be treated and analyzed. Systematic conser­vation procedures have been established for documenting, cleaning, stabilizing, and analyzing recovered artifacts. This has been a slow but steady learning prcoess for the company which has involved staff training, controlled [experiment, and consultations with conservation experts.

48

Many ferrous and non-ferrous artifacts and ceramics have already been stabilized in field laboratory facilities developed by Treasure Salvors, Inc. in Key West. This stabilization work has largely been done by R. Joseph Murphy and James J. Sinclair, two archaeologists assisting in the project. Jerry Cash, a potter, is helping in the study of the ceramic assemblage. Curtiss E. Paterson, Curator of Exhibitions for the North Carolina Museum of History, is one of several company consultants advising on con­servation matters.

EXHIBITION & PUBLIC EDUCATION PROGRAM

During the last year the 1622 assemblage has been exhibited in a number of cities including a large showing in Explorers Hall in the National Geographic Society from July to September, 1981. The collection then travelled to New York City where it was on show in The Queens Museum through most of October and November.

The New York Exhibit, entitled SHIP­WRECKED 1622: THE LOST TREASURE OF PHILIP IV, was made possible by a $75,000 grant from the Chase Manhattan Bank. A museum catalog was prepared to help people under­stand the cultural background of the collection. An educational package for 4th graders was developed around the exhibition which focused on the historical meaning of these shipwrecks. Over two hundred and fifty schools in the New York area sent students of all ages on a museum field trip to see the exhibit.

In December the exhibition moved to Jacksonville, Florida, where it was shown for six weeks at the Museum of Arts and Sciences. An educational package was developed around the exhibit for ninth grade children within the immediate Jacksonville area.

In early February the material will come back to Key West where it will be exhibited for one month at the Martello Museum under the auspises of the Key West Art and His­torical Society and the Key West Maritime Historical Society. This will be the largest exhibit of the 1622 material ever assembled for a public showing. In the Spring the collection will continue to travel to other museums in the country on a national tour before going overseas for European exhibitions.

MUSEUM PLANS

Treasure Salvors, Inc. is actively working with several community organiza­tions to establish a shipwreck museum and conservation laboratory in Key West. The facilities are being planned to serve as a permanent repository for 1622 material and artifacts recovered from other shipwrecks along the South Florida coast. Represen­tative assemblages of 1622 artifacts have been available upon request as donations to museums around the country interested in building up their own collections of ship­wreck artifacts.

STUDENT TRAINING

Over the years a number of graduate students have participated in this on-going research program. This summer (May through Sept.) it is anticipated that there will be three positions open for advanced students wishing to gain some practical experience working with early 17th century shipwreck material. People are being sought with a good background in conservation techniques (particularly PEG wood stabilization pro­cedures), artifact drawing, exhibition design, historic ceramiCS, and cataloguing procedures. Certified divers with at least 50 logged open water dives will be pre­ferred. Interested applicants should send a resume and a statement about why they want to work wi th Treasure Salvors, Inc. to R. Duncan Mathewson III, Rt. 4, Box 839A, Summerland Key, Florida 33042.

49

Bibliography of Historical Archaeology: The computerization and printout of entries, together with an index, is proceeding at The University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania with grants from The Barra Foundation and John L. Cotter. Cotter, assisted by William G. Hershey who wrote the computer program, are joint bibliographers for the project which was delayed until later 1981 by the lapse of support from the National Endowment for the Humanities.

If you have entries for the Bibliography please send a completed copy of the following form to John Cotter.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY - ENTRY FORM I % / / / / / / / / Type of Entry BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATE: Author(s)

Title:

Series, periodical and/or imprint information:

Publication Date: Format: Availability (place/status):

ILLUSTRATIONS AND APPARATUS: (No. & Kind of illustrations, appendices, artifact lists, bibliographies, special material, etc. Detail important materials.)

SUBJECT OF ENTRY:

ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCIPLINE: (Underwater, Theory, etc.) TIME AND PLACE: (if appropriate). Site No: Location of site or origin of excavated material:

Date or date range(s) - (Indicate periods of concentration.)

CULTURAL INFORMATION: Cultural or ethnic associatlons:

Major Features or Structures:

Type of Site: (Trading post, shipwreck, etc.)

Major artifacts or artifact groups: (Indicate quantification, illustration, specify major, articles)

Associated historical f1gures or events:

SCIENTIFIC TECHNIQUES or THEORETICAL DISCUSSIONS: discussed):

( field or lab work - used or

ANNOTATIONS AND EXPANSIONS: (use reverse or additional sheet if necessary)

Prepared by: Date:

Send to: John L. Cotter, 'The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 33rd & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19174

50

THE SOCIETY FOR POST-MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY

The Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology was founded in 1967 to promote the study of the archaeological evidence of British and Colonial h-i~tory from the end of the medieval period until the advent of industrialization. To achieve these aims, the Society holds weekend conferences in the spring and autumn at which papers are read, local archaeological material is discussed, and local sites and collections are visited.

The Society publishes Post-Medieval Archaeology, an annual journal, dealing primarily with the material evidence. It includes articles, short notes and reviews dealing with archaeologi'cal material and with related architectural, historical and industrial studies. Each volume contains a review of the past year's work in excavation and field survey providing as full a coverage as possible of all types of sites (military, ecclesiastical, domestic and industrial), as well as an annual survey of periodical literature noting post-medieval material from the British Isles, whether published separately or, as so often happens, as part of a report on a predominately earlier site.

The journal is issued paper-bound and averages 200 pages, 10 plates, and 50-60 line drawings. It is published every year in January and the dues for the following year fall due on the first of February.

SOCIETY FOR POST-MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY -APPLICATION FORM

I wish to become - an ordinary member - ~5.00 -a stUdent member

(provide details) - ~2.50

My institution wishes to become a member - ~8.00

I and my (wife, husband) (son, daughter) wish to become joint members - ~6.00

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of the Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology and I enclose the appropriate subscription for the current year.

NAME:

DATE:

ADDRESS:

Mail to: Peter Davey Institute of Extension Studies 1 Abercromby Square P.O. Box 147 Liverpool LG9 3BX England

51

SOCIETY FOR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY

Steam engines, forges and bridges are part of our past, and the physical evidence of our industrial and technological past is the concern of the Society for Industrial Archaeology. The SIA encourages research and field investigation of vanishing works and processes. It promotes identification, interpretation, preservation and use of surviving industrial structures and equipment. Through publications, meetings and other media, SIA disseminates information of past industry and technology, and broadens public awarencess of the social significance of our industrial and technical heritage. SIA is an international. organization for everyone with an interest in the past and present impact of industrialization. Its members represent the field of history of technology, architecture, engineering, archaeology, historic preservation and museology.

The SIA publishes a bi-monthly Newsletter and an annual Journal.

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION

I hereby apply for membership in the Society for Industrial Archaeology, as checked below:

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Society for Industrial Archaeology Room 5020 NMAH Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 20560

52

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THE COUNCIL FOR NORTHEAST HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY

The Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology is a non-profit educational organization which aims to stimulate and to encourage the collection, preservation, advancement and dissemination of knowledge and information concerning the study and practice of historical archaeology in Northeastern North America (United States and Canada). Temporally the Council is concerned with the entire historic period ranging from initial contact between Europeans and Native Americans to and through the Industrial Revolution.

The Council invites the participation and support of all who share its interests. An application form is provided below for those wishing to join. All memberships (with the exception of "Life") are for the calendar year and include subscription to NORTHEAST HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY.

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION

I hereby apply for membership in the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology, as checked below:

( ) Individual ( ) Student ( ) Institutional

$10.00 $ 7.50 $20.00

) Joint-) Fellow·· ) Life

$ 12.50 $ 25.00 $200.00

.Joint Membership is for husband and wife or any two people at the same mailing address. Such members receive only one copy of publications.

"Fellow is open to aU who feel a primary commitment to Northeast Historical Archaeology and wish to help in the support of the Council's activities at a higher voluntary membership fee.

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Make cheques payable to: THE COUNCIL FOR NORTHEAST HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY

Mail to: Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology c/o Jo Ann Cotz 179 Park Avenue Midland Park, N.J. 07432

53

THE SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY

The Society for Historical Archaeology is a non-profit scientific-educational organization which aims to promote scholarly research in, and the dissemination of knowledge concerning historical archaeology; to exchange information in this field; to hold periodic conferences to discuss problems of mutual interest relating to the study of historical archaeology; and to obtain the cooperation of the concerned disciplines for projects of research. The focus of interest is the era since the beginning of exploration of the non-European parts of the world by Europeans, with prime concern in the Western Hemisphere. The Society also concerns itself with European, Oceanic, African, and Asian archa.eology having a definite bearing upon scholarly problems in the Western Hemisphere.

The Society invites the participation and support of all who share its interest in history as its emerges from archaeological research and the study of written records. Membership is open to both professionals and interested laymen. An application form is provided below for those wishing to join.

Society Officers for 1982: Robert L. Schuyler, President; Edwin S. Dethlefsen, President-elect; Bert Salwen, Immediate Past President; Stephanie Rodeffer, Secretary­Treasurer; Ronald Michael, Editor; Norman F. Barka, Newsletter Editor; Kathleen Deagen, Roberta Greenwood, Donald Hardesty, Kenneth E. Lewis, George Miller, and Cynthia R. Price, Directors; J. Barto Arnold, Chairman CUA.

-----~-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION

I hereby apply for membership in the SOCiety for Historical Archaeology, as checked below. All memberships are for the calendar year, and include the annual publication HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY and the quarterly NEWSLETTER.

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Mail to: American Anthropological Association Society for Historical Archaeology 1703 New Hampshire Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009

54

BACK ISSUES OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY

Back issues of Historical Archaeology and Special Publication are available to individuals at $10.00 per issue and to institutions at $20.00 per volume.

NAME:

Historical Archaeology

Quantity Volume (Issue)

I o.p. II o.p. III

IV (a vail. April,

o.p. o.p.

o.p. = out of print

Special Publications

Quantity

V VI

VII VIII

9 10 11 12 13 14

15( 1) 15(2)

Number

1 2

82)

Year

1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1981

Year

1976 1977

TOTAL COST

Cost

Cost

Spec. Pub. 1 - A Descriptive Dictionary for 500 Years of Spanish-Tradition Ceramics (13th Through 18th Centuries). $7.50. Available April 1982.

Spec. Pub. 2 - Importance of Material Things. $5.00

ADDRESS:

All orders must be prepaid. Send a check or money order made out to the Society for Historical Archaeology (in U.S. funds) to:

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1703 New Hampshire Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009

55

-.

THE SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWSLETTER

Please note the upcoming deadlines for submission of news for the 1982 issues of the Newsletter:

Issue

June 1982 •• October 1982. December 1982

· . · . • •

Editor's Deadline

· . . . . • 23 April 1982 · . . . . • 27 August 1982 · . . . . • 22 October 1982

Members are urged to send any news relating to historical archaeology.

1983 SHA/CUA CONFERENCE (see Call for Papers and Information inside this issue).

When: Where: Hotel:

6-9 January, 1983 Denver, Colorado Marriott-Hotel City Center

General Chairman: Adrienne Anderson

1984 SHA/CUA CONFERENCE Williamsburg, Virginia. 5-8 January, 1984 General Chairman: Norman F. Barka

1985 SHA/CUA CONFERENCE: invitation received from Boston, Mass. Any invitations from the west?

American Anthropological Association SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY 1703 New Hampshire Avenue NW Washington, D.C. 20009

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