Fizik Schemeforperfectscoremodule2012 A

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BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN

SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH SEKOLAH KECEMERLANGAN

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

MARKING SCHEME

PERFECT SCORE & X A-PLUS MODULE

PHYSICS

2012


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SECTION II - COMMON MISTAKES AND MISCONCEPTIONS

8.

Physical Quantity Physical quantity measured Physics Unit and symbol

Stop watch time Second. s

voltmeter Voltage, V Volt, V

thermometer temperature Kelvin oroCelsius

Bourdon gauge Gas pressure Pascal, Pa

Ammeter Electric current Ampere, A

9.

Terms Common Mistake Correct Answer

a

[The type of energy

when the object is at P]

Potential energy

Gravitational Potential Energy

b Pressure

Force acting on surface

area

Force/area

A product of depth, density

and gravitational

acceleration

Normal force acting on a unit of

surface area

cPascals principle In a close container, force is

transmitted equally

In a close container, pressure is

transmitted equally.

dLatent heat of

vaporizationHeat absorbed to change

by 1oC

Heat absorbed to change 1 kg

of liquid to gas without any

changes in temperature.

eTemperature

Transfer from hot body to

cold body

Amount of kinetic energy in an

object

f

[Physics phenomena in

a prism]

ReflectionTotal internalreflection


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Terms Common Mistake Correct Answer

g Critical angle

Critical angle is when the

refracted angle is 90o

Critical angle is the incident

angle when the reflected

angle is 90o

Critical angle is the incident

angle in denser medium which

produces when the refracted

angle in less dense medium is

90o

h Virtual imageThe image that formed

behind the lens

The image that cannot be

formed on the screen

i Monochromatic light A colour of one lightlight of one frequency /

wavelength / colour

j AmplitudeMaximum point of the

highest displacement

..

displacement of any

particle/oscillating system from

its

..

..

k Period One complete oscillation

The time taken for any particle

to make one complete

oscillation

lSpecification:

240 V, 1000 W

1000 W of energy is supplied

when the power supplied is

240 V.

1000 W of energy is consumed

in 1 s when connected to a 240

V power supply.

j electromagnet

When the current flow

through magnet

Is a combination of electric

and magnetic field

A conductor which can produce

magnetic field when current

passes through it.

k Beta particles Negative charge Fast moving electron


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B. Misconceptians

Examples:

Num Misconceptions Correction

1Oil is used in hydraulic jack because it has

higher boiling point .. because it is not easily evaporate.

2

Snells law state that:

The sine of incident

angle=

Refractive

indexThe sine of refracted

angle

The sine of incident

angle= constant

The sine of

refracted angle

3

Container A Container B

The force exerted at X > the force exerted at

Y because smaller surface area (P = F /A)

Pressure at X = Pressure at Y because X

and Y are at the same depth, same

gravitational acceleration and in the

same type of liquid that has same density.

( P = hg)

To increase the efficiency of ac/dc

GENERATOR:

- Use more number of turns to

produce stronger magnetic field

Generatorthe current is induced

The ship can float in sea water because the

buoyant force is bigger than the weight of

the ship

The ship can float in sea water because

the total density of the ship is less than

the density of water

The buoyant force is equals to the total

weight of the ship

water


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C. Paper 3

1. Data Tabulation

Title - no unit

Content- not consistent

Example:

Common Mistake Correct Answer

Electric Current Voltage

0.1 0.5

0.12 1

0.14 1.5

Electric Current, I (A) Voltage, V (V)

0.10 0.5

0.12 1.0

0.14 1.5

TOV 1 SPM FORMAT SET 1

4531/2 SECTION A

Question 5

No Answer Scheme Mark

a The force that gravitation exerts upon a body 1b(i) The mass of slotted weigh in Diagram 5.1 > Diagram 5.2 1

b(ii) The nett force in Diagram 5.2 > Diagram 5.1 1

b(iii) The acceleration in Diagram 5.2 > Diagram 5.1 1

c The greater the nett force , the greater the acceleration 1

d(i) Net force in Diagram 5.1 > Diagram 5.3 1

d(ii) The acceleration in Diagram 5.1 > Diagram 5.3 1

d(iii) The weight of 20 N in Diagram 5.1 is perpendicular to the tension of the string 1

Question 6


a(i)Diagram 6.1 : no relative motion

Diagram 6.2 : there is a relative motion2

a(ii) Number of turns in Diagram 6.3 > Diagram 6.2 1

b(i) The greater the number of turn of coil, the greater the change in magnetic flux 1

b(ii)The greater the number of turn of coil, the greater the magnitude of induced

current1

c Faradays Law 1

d

When the magnet is pulled away from the coil

Reason : the current will flow in such direction that oppose the change that

cause it

2


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Question 7


a Depth of water 1

b

P = hg5

= 2.5 x 103 x 10

= 2.5 x 104 N m-2

2

c Less different of water pressure 1

d(i)Place the water tank P higher than water tank R // use water pump

It will increase the water pressure // sufficient water supply2

d(ii)Bigger base area //thicker wall at the bottom

Less pressure exerted on the ground // could withstand water pressure2

d(iii)Low density material // fiber tank

Light // can withstand stronger pressure2

Question 8


1. (a)

(b)

(c)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(d)

Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the atmosphere on an object

1. Vacuum pump is used to pump out the air from the suction cup

2. Partial vacuum is created in the suction cup

3. Higher atmospheric pressure push the glass sheet onto the suction cup

Low pressure

Larger difference in pressure

Big diameter cup

Greater force

Triple cups

Greater force

R

Straw/syringe/siphon/vacuum cleaner

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

12

Question 9


a The force exerted by the gas molecules onto a unit of surface area 1

b

When temperature increases, the average kinetic energy increases

Rate of collision also increase

Rate of change of momentum increase

Force exerted on a unit of surface area increase

4

cTemperature of gas : 9.3 > 9.2

Volume of gas : 9.3 = 9.25


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Reading of pressure gauge : 9.2 < 9.3

Temperature increase, reading of pressure gauge

Pressure Law

d

Characteristics Explaination

Large radiusRate of rotation is less // Temperature does not

increase easily

Many tyresIncrease the surface area // less pressure

Tyres with treadsProvide a gripping surface

Strong tyrePrevent from deformation

High melting pointCan withstand high temperature

10

Question 10


aElectromagnetic induction 1

b 4

c

Number of turns of coil : Diagram 10.3 > Diagram 10.4

Speed of magnet : same

Deflection of galvanometer : Diagram 10.3 > 10.4

When number of turns of coil increased, deflection also increased

Faradays Law

5

d

Characteristics Explaination

Curve magnet Produce radial magnetic field

Stronger magnet Produce stronger magnetic field

Replace component X

with commutatorCurrent is induced in one direction

Copper wire coil Good conductor

Thick copper wire Less resistance

10


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Question 11

(a) Distance between optical centre and focal point

(b)(i) M1 correct substitution into formula or correct answer

M = v/u = 60/20 = 3

(b)(ii) M1 correct substitution into formula:

1

=

1

+

1

=

1

20+

1

60

M2 Answer with correct unit

f = 15 cm = 0.15 m

(b)(iii) M1: P = 100/f = 100/15

M2: Answer with correct unit: = 6.67 D

(c) M1: Parallel light rays from the hot sun at infinity pass through a convex lens// labeled

diagram

M2: Light rays are focused after passing through the lens // labeled diagram

M3: Light rays are converged onto a focal point of the lens

M4: At the point, the intensity of lights is great (and the light energy) causes an increases in

temperature. When the spot on the paper become hot enough, the paper start to

burn // light energy change to heat energy.

Aspect Reason

Low power of eye pieceFocal length is longer // eyepiece must be more longer focal

length than objective lens

High power objective lens

Focal length is shorter / objective lens must be powerful lens

than eyepiece lens// Objective lens must be shorter focal

length than eyepiece lens.

Distance between lenses :

>fo + fe

To produce bigger image from the eyepiece // to increase

the magnification

Position of the specimen : fo

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Fizik Schemeforperfectscoremodule2012 A