First Five 10/7

1. Why does water have a high specific heat?

2. Why is water able to have cohesion and adhesion?

3. How does our body protect against pH changes?

4. Take out Atomic Super Notes

Schedule1.First Five2.Carb Notes3.Work on Prelab

HW: Atomic Super Notes – Due todayStudy Guide 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 – Due Friday 10/10.

GQ: How are Carbohydrates structured?

Buffers

pH is regulated in organisms by a substance called buffers

- Can bind to a H+ ion when the H+ concentration increases

- Can release a H+ ion when the H+ concentration decreases

Maintains homeostasis

Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in living things.

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

Carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits bonded together.

– Monomers are the individual subunits.– Polymers are made of many monomers.

CARBOHYDRATES

Carbohydrates are nutrients Carbohydrates are nutrients used for energy and plant used for energy and plant cell walls.cell walls.

They are made of They are made of Carbon, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen.Hydrogen, Oxygen.

C, H, OC, H, O

3 Molecular Structures3 Molecular Structures1. Mono1. Monomer: mer: oneone molecule of molecule of

sugarsugar

Ex:Ex: glucose glucose (blood sugar)

fructose (fruit fructose (fruit sugar)sugar)

glucoseglucose

2. 2. DiDimer: mer: twotwo molecules of molecules of sugarsugar

Ex: Ex: – Sucrose Sucrose (glucose+fructose) is (glucose+fructose) is white sugarwhite sugar

– Lactose in milk.Lactose in milk.

fructosefructoseglucoseglucose

3. 3. StarchesStarches are many are many sugars bonded togethersugars bonded together

PolyPolymer: mer: manymany molecules molecules of sugarof sugar

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

glucoseglucoseglucoseglucose

starchstarch

First Five 10/8

1. In your own words, what is the difference between regular sugar and a starch?

2. In your own words, how are sugars and starches the same?

Schedule1.First Five2.Finish Carb notes3.Work on Prelab

HW:Study Guide 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 – Due Friday.

GQ: How are Carbohydrates structured?

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

There are 4 Types.

1. Simple Sugars• Monosaccharide or Disaccharides

• Taste sweet

• Made by plants

• Used for energy

2. Starches or Polysaccharides

Rice, potatoes, grains

• Stored energy in plants

• Taste bland

• Animals eat starchy plants for energy.

3. Glycogen: Animal starch stored in the liver for energy.

HumanliverGlycogen

4. Cellulose

Cotton, wood, leaves

• plant cell walls

• wood • Cannot be digested by humans