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First Aid KitItem Quantity Use
Adhesive Bandages 6 at 1” x 3” Minor wounds
Accident report forms and pencils
2 Document-ation
Sterile gauze pads 4 at 4” x 4” Wound dressings
Non adherent sterile dressings
2 at 4”x 4” Abrasions/burns
Bulky, absorbent dressing
4 sanitary napkins
Severe bleeding
Cloth-based adhesive tape
1” wide roll Multiple uses
Self-adherent gauze bandage
2 rolls, 3” x 5 yards
Holding dressings on
Butterfly bandages or wound closure
strips5 various sizes
Minor lacerations
Transparent dressings
2 sheetsCover small
wounds
Antibiotic cream 1 tube Wounds, burns
Triangular bandage 2 at 36”x36”x52” Sling, cravat
Safety pins 3 Bandage, sling
Elastic bandage 1 at 3” wide Sprains
Moleskin/molefoam 4 at 4” x 6” Blisters
Iodine Swabs 2 packages Antiseptic
Alcohol pads 3 packages Cleansers
Item Quantity Use
Acetaminophen Optional Headache, pain
Diphenhydramine Optional Allergic reactions
Aspirin Optional Headache, pain
Ibuprofen Optional Relieve pain
Sugar packets 4 packets diabetes
Barrier gloves made of nitrile or latex or
other materials2 pair
Barrier against infection
Plastic bag 1 at 12” x 18”Hold
contaminated materials
CPR breathing barrier
1 Rescue breathing
Splinter tweezers 1Embedded
object, tick, or stinger removal
Digital thermometerEstimate body
temp
DO NOT use aspirin with anyone under 25 years of age
7 Steps for First Aid Response
1. Take _________ of the situation1. Identify required activities
2. Assign individuals to specific tasks
2. Approach the patient _________1. Avoid further injury to the patient
2. Avoid injury to the rescuers
3. Perform emergency rescue and _____ first aid1. Triage
2. Only treat most serious
charge
safely
urgent
7 Steps Cont’d.
4. ________ the patient1. Reduce physical and emotional demands on the
patient
4. Check for other _________1. Identify ALL injuries2. Classify as major/minor
4. _______ what to do1. Organize2. Lesser of two evils
4. _________ the plan
Plan
injuries
Protect
Carry out
Order of Priority
– C______________• Is it safe to go to the
patient?– Accidents– Lightening– Natural Disaster– Natural Obstacles
– C______________• Always ask permission
– “Hi my name is ______, and I know first aid, can I help you?
• Quick assessment• ABC’s• Consciousness• Bleeding
The 4 C’sheck the scene
heck the patient
Order of Priority
– C______• Directly order if
possible– Make sure they
come back• Be prepared to report
pt’s condition– ABC’s – Injuries– Location
– C____________• Triage
– Patients– Injuries
• Begin to administer first aid
The 4 C’s
all 911
are for patient
Check ABC’s
• ABC’s– ____________
• Is it obstructed?
– ____________• Is the patient breathing?
• Describe the respirations. Are they deep? Rapid? Shallow?
– ____________• Does the patient have a pulse?• Is the pulse weak? Strong? Bounding? Thready?
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Check Vital Signs
• ________________ (RR)– 12-20 breaths per minute in adults
• ____________ (HR)– 60-100 beats per minute
• ____________
• ____________________ (LOC)
• _____________
• ______ (The 6th vital sign!)
Respiration Rate
Heart Rate
Skin Tone
Level of Consciousness
Pupil Reactions
Pain
Head to Toe AssessmentHighestLowest
triage
head
Compare
pain
toes
Compare
pain
• _________ priority to __________ priority– ABC’s minor injuries
• Remember to ______ injuries!
• Adults– Start at _____– Feel body parts– _________ body parts– Talk them through it– Watch face for ____
• Children– Start at ____– Feel body parts– _________ body parts– Talk them through it– Watch face for ____
Tips for Physical Exam
• Do no further _____
• Be thorough
• ________ body parts
• ____________ does the exam
• ________ your findings
• ______ to your patient
• _________ what you are doing
harm
Compare
One personRecord
Talk
Explain
SAMPLE History
• S____ and S__________
• A_______
• Medications
• Pertinent __________
• Last ______ and ______
• E_______ leading up to injury
igns ymptoms
llergies
past history
intake output
vents
Look for DOTS
• D_________/D________
• O____ Injuries
• T_________
• S______
epressions eformities
pen
enderness
welling
Does the patient require emergency rescue?
• Survey the scene for _____________ hazards– If there are ________, perform immediate
evacuation of patient– If there are NO hazards, check for
________________
environmental
hazards
responsiveness
Is the patient responsive?
• Check for responsiveness– Ask “____________?”
• If the patient is responsive and help is _______ DO NOT help until consent is given
• If the patient is responsive and consent is _____– Check for severe bleeding
• If the patient is NOT responsive– Check for _________
May I help you
refused
given
breathing
Is the patient breathing?
• Check for breathing– Open the airway; _____, _____, ____
• If patient IS breathing– Check for severe ________
• If patient IS breathing but is having great difficulty– Check for __________ wounds to the chest– Cover the wound immediately– Check for _______ bleeding
look listen feel
bleeding
puncture
severe
Breathing cont’d.
• If patient is NOT breathing– Give ____ breaths
• If the breaths go in– Check for ______
• If the breaths do NOT go in– Check for _________ airway; clear if necessary
• Once airway is cleared– If breathing resumes, check for severe bleeding– If breathing DOES NOT resume, check for pulse
two
pulse
obstructed
Does the patient have a pulse?• Check for pulse
– If patient is NOT _________ but HAS a pulse• Call for assistance
• Begin _______________
• Visually scan for bleeding
– If patient is NOT breathing and DOES NOT have a pulse
• Call for assistance
• Being CPR with rescue breathing– ___ compressions / __ breaths
rescue breathing
breathing
30 2
Check for severe bleeding
• Check for severe bleeding– Visual hands on check
– If patient does NOT have severe bleeding• Begin checking for other injuries
– If patient DOES have severe bleeding• Stop the bleeding
• Begin checking for other injuries
What is Shock?
• Shock is a _______ of the cardiovascular system– The cardiovascular system consists of 3 components
• The _____• The _______• The _____
• Shock can be ________ with any major injury and some minor ones
• Everyone reacts ________
collapse
heart
arteriesveins
expected
differently
Types of Shock
Type of Shock What happens?
___________ Shock Heart weakens, stops pumping, or pumps irregularly
___________ Shock Loss of blood internally or externally
_________ Shock Dilation of arteries caused by damage to the brain or spine
___________ Shock Severe allergic reaction
Cardiogenic
Hemorrhagic
Neurogenic
Anaphylactic
Signs & Symptoms of Shock
• Early Signs (Objective)– R_________s
– Skin is pale, ashen ____, or yellowish brown– Pulse is ______, over 100 beats / minute
• Early Symptoms (Subjective)– T________– N_____– A_____
estlessnesgray
rapid
hirstinessausea
nxiety
Signs & Symptoms of Shock
• Later Signs (Objective)– Skin is _____ and _____– __________ may be shallow or rapid– Pulse may be weak or ________– Eyes may become dull, pupils dilated– U_____________
• Later Symptoms (Subjective)– L_______– A______
cool damp
Respirations
nconciousness
irregular
ethargypathy
Treating Shock
1. ___ to them, keep them awake
2. Keep the patient’s _____ open and clear
3. Treat them _____ and ________ movement to prevent pain
4. Maintain their body _________
Talk
airway
gently minimize
temperature
Treating Shock Cont’d.
5. ________ the patient to aid in the _________ of blood to the core and to aid ________
6. Avoid _____ or ______ handling
7. Frequently take and record _________
8. ________ the patient as soon as possible
Shock is a _________________ condition…
Positioncirculationbreathing
rough position
Vital signsEvacuate
LIFE THREATENING
Scrapes/Abrasions
• Also called ________/_______• Usually occur when someone
falls on a __________ and then _____, causing layers of skin to ______
•Treatment•Wash gently with _____ and water•Apply _________ ointment•Cover with ________________•Change dressing every day; clean out each time•If the abrasion is not deep it is recommended to let ____ reach it. Remember: _________ grows in ______, dark, _______ environments!
road rash rug burn
hard surfaceslides
rub off
soapantibiotic
sterile dressing
airbacteria
warm moist
Lacerations• Caused when the skin is _______
by something sharp (i.e. knife)• Treatment
– Wear _______– If bleeding, apply _____________
to cut– Once bleeding stops, wash with
warm water and soap• If the bleeding will not stop, the
cut may require _________ and the victim should be taken to the hospital
– ____ the cut dry with sterile dressing and apply antibiotic ointment
– If the laceration is small enough, you can apply a band-aid
– If it is larger, cover with ___________ and tape
sliced
gloves
direct pressure
stitches
Pat
sterile gauze
Nosebleeds
• Sit ______ and lean ______– Sitting forward will help avoid swallowing blood,
which can irritate the stomach.• _____ your nose
– This maneuver sends pressure to the bleeding point on the nasal septum and often stops the flow of blood.
• To ______ re-bleeding after bleeding has stopped– Don't pick or blow nose and don't bend down until
several hours after the bleeding episode. Keep the head higher than the level of the heart.
upright forward
Pinch
prevent
1st Degree Burns• _______, _____ burn• Treatment
– If skin is _____ broken• Run cool water over burned
area• DO NOT use ice water
– Burns can be very _______• Reassure victim• Keep them calm• Treat for shock
– ______/_____ the burn for a few minutes• After that, cover the burn with a
sterile non-adhesive bandage or clean cloth.
– Protect the burn from ______ and _______
– OTC __________ may be used to help relieve pain and reduce ____________ and swelling.
– Minor burns _______________ without further treatment.
Sunburn minor
NOT
painful
Flush soak
frictionpressure
pain meds
inflammationwill usually heal
2nd & 3rd Degree Burns• Treatment
– DO NOT pull ________ off of burnt skin
– DO put out __________ clothing
– Check ABC’s– Cover the burn with a cool
moist ______ bandage or clean cloth.
– DO NOT use a _______ or ______; a _______ is best for large burns.
– DO NOT apply any ________ and avoid breaking ________.
– ________ burnt fingers or toes with moist, sterile, non-adhesive dressings
– _______ & _______ the burnt area
– Treat for ______– _____________
clothing
smoldering
sterile
blankettowel sheet
ointmentblisters
Separate
Protect elevate
shockTreat for shock!
2nd & 3rd degree burns cont’d.• ____ apply:
– ointment– Butter– Ice– Medications– fluffy cotton dressing– adhesive bandages– Cream– Household remedies– Oil spray
DO:• ____ breathe or cough on
the burn• ____ disturb/pop blisters
or dead skin.• ____ apply cold
compresses • ____ immerse a severe
burn in cold water. • ____ place a pillow under
the victim's head if there is an airway burn and they are lying down.
NOT
NOT
NOT
NOT
NOT
NOT
Sprains• A ______ is a ________
or _______ of ligaments – The tough bands of ______
______ that connect one _____ to another in your joints.
– The most _______ location for a sprain is in your ____.
• Treatment– RICE
• R• I• C• E
sprain stretchingtearing
fibroustissue
bone
commonankle
estce
ompression
levation
Strains
• A ______ is a stretching or tearing of _______ or _______ – a fibrous cord of tissue that
connects muscles to bones– Strains often occur in the
_________ and in the ______________ in the back of your thigh.
• Treatment– RICE
• Rest• Ice• Compression• Elevation
strainmuscles
tendon
lower backHamstring muscle
Fractures• Can be ______ or
_________– Compound breaks the
____
• Only a ______ can tell a fracture from a sprain (unless its compound)
• If possible, you should _________ the extremity (splint)
simplecompound
skin
doctor
immobilize
• Splint “______________” the injury• Tie the splints above and below the
injury; but not directly over it• Check ____ and ____________
before and after splinting• If help is more than a half an hour
away, recheck the area below the splint every ________
above and below
pulse capillary refills
half hour
Splinting
Spider Bites• Venom can react
_________ with everyone• There is no “_____
_________” for a spider bite
• Keep the victim ____• Get to an E.R. _______• If possible, try to _______
_____• Treat for Shock
___________ Spider
_____________ Spider
Black Widow
Brown Recluse
differentlyhome
treatment
calmA.S.A.P
I.D. thespider
Bee Stings
• If stinger is ______, gently ______ it out with a _______
• ______ the affected area with _____ and warm water
• Apply ___ in a ________
• _____ ice ______ placing it on the skin
• Give patient ______ or ______ to help relieve the pain.
visiblescrapeflat edge
Washsoap
icecompress
Wrap before
MotrinTylenol
Multiple Bee Stings
• Soak the entire affected area in cool water
• If necessary, place the victim in a tub of cool water. – Add one tablespoon of baking soda for every
quart of water.– Supply Tylenol or Motrin for pain relief
• Victim may need to go to E.R.
• Treat for shock
Allergic Reaction
• ___________ Shock– ____ Pens
• Working length of time depends
– Can they be shared?• Child Adult _____• Adult Child ________
• Up to the _______ with the Epi-pen
– Get to ________ A.S.A.P
AnaphylacticEpi
Okay
NOT okay
person
hospital
Snake BitesDo OR Do Not?• ___ remain calm • ___ apply ice • ___ remove venom • ___ take medication to
relieve pain • ___ Raise the limb – It
will distribute venom more evenly around the body and prevent major damage to the limb that was bitten
• ___ seek medical attention immediately
Northern Copperhead
Eastern Massasauga
Timber
Rattlesnake
DONOTNOTNOT
DO
DO
Tick Bites• Grab close to the ______
• DO NOT grab the tick at the _____
• Pull straight out• DO NOT “_______”
– May separate head from body
• DO NOT _______ with:– Petroleum jelly– Nail polish– Gasoline– Or rubbing alcohol
• DO NOT ____ the tick• DO ____ the tick• DO wash the area• DO watch for ________
mouth
belly
unscrew
smother
burnsave
bulls-eye
Poison Plants• Apply ____________
to the infected area.• Wash up with soap
and warm water.• You can apply an ___
___ ointment like _________ lotion
• Immediately wash any ______/_____ that came in contact with the plant
• DO NOT ____
rubbing alcohol
anti-itchCalamine
clothes items
itch
Hyperthermia
• Occurs when the body rises above a ___ _________
• Three main types– D_________– H___ E_______– H___ S_____– H___________
ehydrationeat xhaustioneat troke
yponatremia
temperaturesafe
Dehydration• When the body puts out __________ than it is taking in
• Ways we lose fluids:– S_______– U______– V______
• Signs of dehydration– T____– Yellow urine– D_______– Lightheadedness– Nausea and vomiting– D______– Cease Sweating
• Treatment– Drink fluids that replace
electrolytes• W____ • G________
– Avoid physical activity– Get inside air
conditioned/cool area
more liquid
weating
rinationomiting
hirst
ry mouth
ry skin
ateratorade
Heat Exhaustion
• More ______ than dehydration
• Can present like a _____ ______
• Symptoms:– Disorientation– S_____– Cool, ______ skin– Nausea and/or vomiting– F_____– Weakness– M_____ cramps
– D________– High body temperature– Lack of ________
• Treatment– Cool the victim as much as
possible using ____ water– Fan victim, get victim inside
a cool place– Remove ____________– Call 911
–IMPORTANT! DO NOT overcool. If you overcool a hyperthermic person, you risk throwing them into shock or
making them hypothermic
severe
heartattack
eizure
clammy
atigue
uscle
izziness
sweating
tepid
heavy clothing
Heat Stroke
• Most severe• Requires __________
________ immediately
• Symptoms– Same as Heat
Exhaustion
– May slip into a _____
• Treatment– Same as Heat
Exhaustion– Call 911
IMMEDIATELY
emergencytreatment
coma
Hypothermia• When the body’s
temperature drops below __________
• Signs & Symptoms– Depends on Severity
• Treatment– _______ from cold
environment– Call 911– _____ blankets– _____ compresses to
chest, neck, groin, underarms
• Warm and Dead
Temperature Symptoms
89.6-95*Shivering,
__________, lethargy
82.4-89.6*_______ stops,
increased confusion
<82.4* _____
68* _____
95 degrees
Remove
Warm
Warm
confusion
Shivering
Coma
Death
Knocked out Teeth
• Take tooth and place it in ____
• If milk is not available, place it in _____ with a ______________
• See dentist asap
milk
waterpinch of table salt
Impaled Object• DO NOT _________• I__________• Get to hospital asap• If object is in an ____,
cover ______ eyes.
REMOVE
mmobolize
eyeBOTH
Diabetic Emergency
• If possible, check ______ _____
• If low, give sugar– P______– F_______
• If high, give ______• If symptoms persist, go to
hospital
• If you do not know if it is _________, give _____ and get to hospital.
bloodsugar
ixie stix
ruit juice
insulin
high or low sugar