FIRE TRAINING

Objectives• Understand the combustion process and different Understand the combustion process and different

fire classes.fire classes.

• Understand fire extinguisher types, operating Understand fire extinguisher types, operating procedures, capabilities, and limitations. procedures, capabilities, and limitations.

• Understand basic firefighting concepts:Understand basic firefighting concepts:

– R.A.C.E.R.A.C.E.

– P.A.S.S.P.A.S.S.

FIRE TRAINING

WHAT IS FIRE? 

 

IT IS A CHEMICAL REACTION CAUSED BY THE INTERACTION OF THREE COMPONENTS 

THESE ARE 

OXYGEN HEAT AND FUEL.

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OX

YG

EN H

EA

T

FUEL

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THESE THREE THINGS MUST BE PRESENT FOR FIRE TO OCCUR

THEREFORE IT IS REASONABLE TO ASSUME THAT IF ANY ONE IS REMOVED, FIRE CANNOT HAPPEN.

FIRE TRAINING

REMOVING THE HEATREMOVING THE HEAT 

BY COOLING

• REMOVING THE OXYGEN

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•REMOVING THE FUEL

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•BEFORE WE APPLY THE REMOVAL PROCESS

•WE NEED TO KNOW WHAT WE ARE DEALING WITH

•WHAT TYPE OF FIRE WE HAVE

•WHAT IS BURNING

•THEN WE APPLY THE RIGHT MEDIUM

FIRE TRAINING

•FIRE IS DEFINED IN 4 CATEGORIES OR CLASSES

•THESE ARE CLASSES A, B, C AND D

•THERE ARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUROPEAN AND USA DEFINITIONS.

• FOR THIS TRAINING, WE SHALL STICK TO THE EUROPEAN CLASSIFICATION

FIRE TRAINING

•LET US LOOK AT THE CLASSES.

•CLASS ‘A’ IS FOR CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS.

•THIS IS SIMPLY MATERIALS MADE FROM PAPER, WOOD, TEXTILES, HUMAN FLESH IS CLASS ‘A’

FIRE TRAINING

•CLASS ‘B’ IS LIQUIDSLIQUIDS

•LIQUIDS CAN BE DIVERSIVE. E.g. PETROL, LIQUIDS CAN BE DIVERSIVE. E.g. PETROL, DIESEL ARE HYDROCARBONS.DIESEL ARE HYDROCARBONS.•ACETONE IS POLAR SOLVENTACETONE IS POLAR SOLVENT•ALCOHOLS ARE RESISANT TO MOST ALCOHOLS ARE RESISANT TO MOST FOAM.FOAM.

FIRE TRAINING

NAIL POLISH REMOVER

•CLASS ‘C’ IS FOR GASES. (USA is ELECTRICAL)

•GASES INCLUDE METHANE, HYDROGEN SULPHIDE, HYDROGEN, ACETYLENE

•GASES REQUIRE VERY CAREFUL HANDLING.

•MANY OF THEM ARE EXPLOSIVE!

•MANY OF THEM ARE TOXIC AS WELL

FIRE TRAINING

•CLASS ‘D’ IS FOR METALS AND METALLIC POWDERS. THESE ARE CHEMICALS WHICH REACT TO CONVENTIONAL FIRE EXTINGUISHING MEDIUMS.

•THESE INCLUDE POTASSIUM, SODIUM, MAGNESIUM ETC.

•METALS REQUIRE SPECIAL TREATMENT AND WE MUST NOT ATTEMPT TO FIGHT A METAL FIRE WITHOUT EXPERT ADVICE.

FIRE TRAINING

•WE MUST MENTION ELECTRICITY SINCE THE USA CLASSES IT.

•WHY DO WE NOT CLASS ELECTRICITY?

•IT IS THE BIGGEST CAUSE OF FIRE IN THE U.K.

•IT IS HIGHLY DANGEROUS.

•BUT IT DOES NOT BURN!!!!

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•ONCE FIRE STARTS IT IMMEDIATELY STARTS TO SPREAD.

•HOW DOES FIRE SPREAD?

•CONDUCTION

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•CONVECTION

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•RADIATION

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•NOW THAT WE KNOW WHAT FIRE IS AND THE TYPES, WE CAN NOW LOOK AT WHAT WE CAN DO

ABOUT IT.

•THAT MEANS EXTINGUISH IT!

•REMEMBER THE THREE ELEMENTS?

•LETS LOOK AT THEM AGAIN

FIRE TRAINING

•REMOVE THE HEAT BY COOLING

•REMOVE THE OXYGEN BY SMOTHERING

•REMOVE THE FUEL BY SHUTTING OFF

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Fighting the Fire

SSweep side to sideweep side to side

AAim low at the im low at the base of flamesbase of flames

SSqueeze thequeeze thehandlehandle

PPull the pinull the pinP

A

S

S

•COOLING CAN BE BY

•WATER

•FOAM

•CO2

•HALON

FIRE TRAINING

CO2 B

C

F

•SMOTHERING CAN BE BY

•FOAM

•POWDER

•SAND

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• REMOVING THE FUEL CAN ONLY BE DONE BY CLOSING OFF THE SUPPLY.

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•EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

•WATER

•DRY POWDER

•CO2

•FOAM

•HALON

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•NOW THAT WE KNOW THE CLASSES OF FIRE AND NOW THAT WE KNOW THE CLASSES OF FIRE AND THE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS AVAILABLE, WE THE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS AVAILABLE, WE

CAN NOW RELATE THE EXTINGUISHING AGENT CAN NOW RELATE THE EXTINGUISHING AGENT TO THE TYPE OF FIRE.TO THE TYPE OF FIRE.

FIRE TRAINING

=

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• WATER

• FOAM

• POWDER

• HALON

• YES

• YES

• YES

• YES

•IF WE HAVE A CLASS ‘A’ FIRE, WHAT CAN WE USE?

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•WHAT ABOUT CLASS ‘B’?

• WATER

• FOAM

• POWDER

• HALON

• NO

• YES

• YES

• YES

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•WHAT ABOUT CLASS ‘C’?

• WATER

• FOAM

• CO2

• POWDER

• HALON

• NO

• NO

• YES

• YES

• YES

Fire Emergency Response

R RRescueescue

AAlarmlarm

CContainontain

EExtinguishxtinguish

A

C

E

•WHAT ABOUT FIGHTING A FIRE?

•ANYONE CAN DO IT

•IF•YOU KNOW WHAT TO USE

•YOU KNOW WHERE IT IS

•YOU KNOW HOW TO USE IT

FIRE TRAINING

•BUTBUT

•MOST IMPORTANT OF ALLMOST IMPORTANT OF ALL

•ISIS

•CAN YOU ESCAPE IF THINGS GO CAN YOU ESCAPE IF THINGS GO WRONG?WRONG?

FIRE TRAINING

• BEFORE YOU ATTEMPT TO FIGHT ANY FIREBEFORE YOU ATTEMPT TO FIGHT ANY FIRE

• YOU MUST ASK YOUR SELF SOME QUESTIONS.YOU MUST ASK YOUR SELF SOME QUESTIONS.

• THESE ARETHESE ARE

• CAN I ESCAPE NOWCAN I ESCAPE NOW

• DO I KNOW WHAT TYPE OF FIRE IT ISDO I KNOW WHAT TYPE OF FIRE IT IS

• DO I KNOW WHERE THE NEAREST DO I KNOW WHERE THE NEAREST EXTINGUISHER ISEXTINGUISHER IS

• IS IT THE RIGHT TYPEIS IT THE RIGHT TYPE

• DO I KNOW HOW TO USE ITDO I KNOW HOW TO USE IT

• CAN I STILL ESCAPECAN I STILL ESCAPE

FIRE TRAINING

FIRE TRAINING • THIS CAN BE REPLACEDTHIS CAN BE REPLACED

•THIS CAN NOTTHIS CAN NOT

PLEASE TAKE CAREPLEASE TAKE CARE

Thanks for your attention