Finite Element Analysis - CSPFea · 2016-09-17 · Finite Element Analysis Civil Engineering ... Petroleum Engineering . History of TNO DIANA 1972 TNO Department of Computational

DIANA 10 Finite Element Analysis

Civil Engineering

Geotechnical Engineering

Petroleum Engineering

History of TNO DIANA

1972 TNO Department of Computational Mechanics

1975 Start of DIANA (Displacement ANAlyzer) as a service

1980 DIANA commercially released in the Netherlands

1984 Establishment of DIANA User Association

1990 Partnership set up with JIP Techno Science Corporation in Japan

1994 First International DIANA Conference

1998 TNO acquires FemSys Ltd. Its core product FEMGV becomes the new

pre/post processor for DIANA

1999 Geomec development project with Shell International Exploration & Production

2000 Well-Life development project with Halliburton

2002 Fempal development project with EU store-rack manufacturing companies

2003 Establishment of TNO DIANA BV, subsidiary company of TNO

2004 Opening of US office – TNO DIANA North America inc.

2004 Release of DIANA 9

2005 Cooperation started with Midas IT

2006 Opening of UK office – TNO DIANA UK Ltd

2006 Release of DIANA 9.2 with new pre-post-processor FX+ for DIANA

2007 Development of “Hybrid Frequency-Time Domain Analysis” module

2008 Release of DIANA 9.3

2009 Joint development with Midas IT of midasGTS kernel with DIANA solver “inside”


2011 Start of development of new state-of-the-art graphical environment for DIANA

2012 Recognition of DIANA as the optimized solution for hydropower applications worldwide

2014 Release of DIANA 9.5 including first release of new MeshEdit graphical user interface

2014 Establishment of DIANA Engineering office – Arnhem


2015 Partnership set up with NSG (Brazil) and DUNPU (China)

2016 Landmark Release of DIANA 10 with integrated and state-of-the-art pre-/post-processor

… …

Now Advancing in new numerical analysis techniques and providing cutting-edge technologies for

engineering applications

iDIANA – Integrated pre/post processor

Works-Tree

with full

access to

model’s

components

Model

Navigator

Interactive

dialogue boxes

Command line

Working Window

Property Window

Works Tree

Main Menu

Output Window

Tabbed Toolbar

Table Window

FX4D – Task oriented pre/post processor

Performing Analysis

Output to FX4D

Check & Final Editing

Analysis Options

Geometry Modeling

Mesh Generation

Load & B.C.’s

Post-processing

FX4D

DIANA

MeshEditor Pre-Neutral File

FILOS File

Post-Neutral File

Work Flow

• Graphical tools

• Intuitive graphical user interface

• Various display options

• Advanced selection methods

• CAD-like modeling functions

• Efficient and robust geometry checking & repairing tools

• Meshing tools

• Various easy & strong meshing algorithms for 1st- and 2nd-order elements

• Embedded reinforcements generation

• Automatic DIANA element type selection

• Loads and boundary conditions

• Full support of load and boundary conditions

• Both applicable on mesh and geometry entities

• Function based definition

• MS-Excel compatible tables

• Post-processing

• Complete solution to result interpretation

FX4D – Advantages

Toolbar

Model

window with

full access to

model’s

components

Properties

window Python Window

Message Window

Output Window

Analysis Window

Working Window

DIANA Interactive Environment


Workflow(s):

Setup

analysis

Generate

mesh

Run analysis

Assign

properties

Check results

Geometry

definition

Change in physical

properties


• Graphical tools

• Intuitive graphical user interface

• Various display options

• Advanced selection methods

• Parasolid modeling functions

• Automated and robust geometry checking & repairing tools

• Meshing tools

• Powerful and automated mesh engines 2D / 3D (incl. Hybrid mesher)

• Embedded reinforcements generation

• Automatic DIANA element type selection

• Loads and boundary conditions

• Full support of load and boundary conditions

• Applicable on geometry entities with some flexibilities at mesh level

• Function based definition

• MS-Excel compatible tables

• Post-processing

• Complete solution to result interpretation


• Material models classifications

• Separate dialog boxes with various input fields

• Unique aspects to be activated in the material models

• Interactive tables for functions and variable dependencies

• Load combination

• Generates design load combinations

• Generates distinctive load combinations for analyses

• Functions

• Generates various (Spatial/non spatial and space) functions

• Properties Window

• Full control on parameterizing the selected operations

• Analysis Window

• Intuitive environment to setup any types of analysis

including interactive phased analysis

• Many more…

Background and development direction

iDIANA

• Scripting

• Integrated environment

• …

FXD

• Geometry tools

• Mesh engines

• …

Application oriented

• International design codes

• Dedicated wizards

• User-friendliness

11

After DIANA 10.0

Continuous extension of pre-post functions – Import/export of CAD/BIM formats

– Graphs for results

– Report generation

– Application functions

Solver – Performance, faster solving larger models

– State of art non-linear models

– Design checks

After DIANA 10.0

Fit for purpose applications: – State of the art nonlinear numerical simulations for

specific engineering applications

– Can be used by application engineers, who are not

analysis specialists

– Do analysis in short time (< 1 hour)

– Engineering input and engineering output

Modeling concepts in


Geometry modelling

• Geometrical modelling functions: – Import STEP/IGES file formats

– Primitives, basic shapes

– Move, Rotate, Scale

– Boolean operations

– Selection of points/lines/faces/bodies and operations

– Automatic clash detection

– Convert bodies and sheets

– Imprint points/lines on faces

– Rotate and move faces of a shape

– Extrude shapes

– Extract a sub-shape

– Align faces

Many more…

15

Modeling primitives

• 3D Import STEP/IGES file formats – Import of CAD models

– Geometrical modelling based on Parasolid

16

Modeling primitives

• 3D solids

– Block

– Cylinder

– Cone

– Prism

– Torus

– Sphere

17

Modeling primitives

• 2D primitives

– Polygonal sheet

– Circle sheet

– Line

– Circle

– Polyline

– Bezier curve

• 1D

– Point

18

Modeling operations

• Boolean operations

– Unite

– Subtract

– Intersect

• Transformations

– Move

– Scale

– Rotate

19

Selection - Geometry parts

20

• Graphical selection of points, lines,

surfaces and bodies

Modeling operations

• Automatic clash detection

Edges of adjacent bodies and lines are automatically imprinted and considered in meshing

21

Modeling operations

• Sew two or more sheets

• Convert bodies and sheets

22

Modeling operations

• Imprint points and lines on surface

23

Modeling operations

• Rotate and move faces of a shape

24

Modeling operations

• Extract a sub-shape

• Extrude shapes – Lines

– Faces

25

Modeling operations

• Align faces

Coincident Parallel Co-planar Co-centric

26

Modeling operations - Spatial functions

• Spatial functions to geometry parameters Shell model with spatial functions to thickness and eccentricity of elements.

'FUNCTI'

NAME "Girders"

X -9.00000E+00 -7.50000E+00 -6.50000E+00 -5.50000E+00 -4.50000E+00

-3.50000E+00 -2.50000E+00 2.50000E+00 3.50000E+00 4.50000E+00

5.50000E+00 6.50000E+00 7.50000E+00 7.50000E+00 9.00000E+00 /

FACTOR 5.00000E+00 5.00000E+00 4.00000E+00 3.50000E+00 3.25000E+00

3.10000E+00 3.00000E+00 3.00000E+00 3.10000E+00 3.25000E+00

3.50000E+00 4.00000E+00 5.00000E+00 5.00000E+00 5.00000E+00 /

NAME "Flange 1"

Y 2.25000E+00 3.75000E+00 /

FACTOR 2.00000E+00 1.00000E+00 /

NAME "Flange 2"

Y -3.75000E+00 -2.25000E+00 /

FACTOR 1.00000E+00 2.00000E+00 /

'GEOMET'

1 NAME "Central slab"

THICK 2.00000E-01

ECCENZ -1.00000E-01

XAXIS 1.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00

2 NAME "Girders"

THICK 2.00000E-01

FUNCTI "Girders" THICK

ECCENZ -1.00000E-01

FUNCTI "Girders" ECCENZ

XAXIS 1.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00

3 NAME "Flange 1"

THICK 2.00000E-01

FUNCTI "Flange 1" THICK

ECCENZ -1.00000E-01

FUNCTI "Flange 1" ECCENZ

XAXIS 1.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00

4 NAME "Flange 2"

THICK 2.00000E-01

FUNCTI "Flange 2" THICK

ECCENZ -1.00000E-01

FUNCTI "Flange 2" ECCENZ

XAXIS 1.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00

Model setup – Property assignment

• Property assignment: – Element-classes (Material, Geometry, Data)

– Reinforcements (Material, Geometry, Data)

– Interfaces (Material, Geometry, Data)

– Boundaries for heat-flow, groundwater analysis (Material)

– Supports (structural analysis)

– Loads acting on parts

– Loads acting on model

– Initial fields acting on parts

28

• Element classes


29

• Material classes


30

• Geometry classes


31

• Reinforcement classes Bodies

Faces

Faces

Lines

Lines

Points


32

• Interface classes – Defined on sub-shapes

• Faces (2D)

• Edges (1D)

– Connected

(Interface element between continuum elements)

– Boundary

(Interface element between continuum

element and supported edge/line)

– Not connected

(Deactivate clash detection continuum elements not connected)


33

• Boundaries for thermal and groundwater

flow analysis

Model setup – Boundary assignment

34

Heat Flow

• Prescribed temperature

• External temperature

• Radiative temperature

• Thermal flux

Groundwater Flow

• Prescribed head

• External head

• Groundwater flux

• Supports for structural analysis – On points, lines, faces and bodies

– In global and local coordinate-system

– Defined for all nodes related to selected part

Model setup – Boundary assignment

35

• Loads acting on parts Type of loads Points Lines Faces Bodies

Force √ X X X

Moment √ X X X

Prescribed Deformation √ √ √ √

Prescribed Acceleration √ √ √ √

Distributed Force X √ √ √

Distributed Moment X √ √ X

Hydrostatic Pressure X √ √ X

Pore Pressure X X √ √

Reinforcement Pre-stress √ √ √ X

Reinforcement Post-tensioning X √ X X

Model setup – Load assignment

36

• Loads acting on parts


37

• Loads acting on parts


38

• Loads acting on model – Dead weight

– Equivalent acceleration

– Centrifugal load

– Base acceleration


39

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0 5 10 15

• Initial fields – Displacements

– Rotations

– Velocities

– Temperatures

– Heads

40


• Generate the mesh – Seedings per body/line (divisions/element-size)

– In clashes the smallest element-size is applied

– Preview of seeding

– Linear or quadratic elements

– Automatic quad/hexa mesher or triangle/tetrahedron mesher

• Surface meshes are defined as structured meshes when possible

• Body meshes are not structured

– Reinforcements are embedded in mesh

– Interfaces are embedded in mesh

– Boundary elements are embedded in mesh

41

Meshing options

Meshing options

• Generate the mesh

42

Analysis setup

• Setup analysis – Define analysis sequence

– Define analysis details via dialogues or property box

– Options for loading or saving .dcf files

• Run analysis – Progress logging in GUI

– Option for running analysis in batch mode

– Error message refer graphically to model

– Logging selected analysis results in GUI

– Automatic import of results at the end of analysis

– Option for loading results manually

43

Post-processing features

• Checking results: – Deformed models

– Contour-plots

– Iso-surfaces

– Clipping planes

– Diagrams

– Vectors

– Stress and strain tensor rosettes

– Cracks

– Tables, export to Excel

– Result view setting management (inc. saving the post-processing settings)

– Optional output in FX4D, iDIANA, original tabular format (.txt)

44


• Deformed shape

45


• Contour plot settings (iso-surfaces)


• Contour plot settings (Clipping planes)








• Contour plot settings


• Reinforcements – contours in grids


• Vector plot settings


• Tensor plot settings


• Tensor plot settings (clipping plane)


• Stress/strain normal to cutting plane


• Crack plot settings


• Crack plot settings (clipping plane)


• Crack plot settings (clipping plane)


• Tables Copy and paste to MS-Excel


• Diagram plot settings


• Layers in shell and beam elements


• Python scripting

newProject( "Untitled", 100 )

setModelAnalysisAspects( [ "STRUCT" ] )

setModelDimension( "3D" )

setDefaultMeshOrder( "LINEAR" )

setDefaultMesherType( "HEX_QUAD" )

n = 4

m = 6

icnt = 0

for i in range( 0, n ):

for j in range( 0, m ):

icnt = icnt+1

name = "Pile "

numb = '{0:6d}'.format(icnt)

pilename = name + numb

createBlock( pilename, [ 2*i, 2*j, 1 ], [ 1, 1, 5 ] )

createBlock( "Plate", [ 0, 0, 0 ], [ 2*(n-1)+1, 2*(m-1)+1, 1 ] )

> newProject( "Untitled", 100 )

> setModelAnalysisAspects( [ "STRUCT" ] )

> setModelDimension( "3D" )

> setDefaultMeshOrder( "LINEAR" )

> setDefaultMesherType( "HEX_QUAD" )

> createBlock( "Pile 1", [ 0, 0, 1 ], [ 1, 1, 5 ] )
























> createBlock( "Plate", [ 0, 0, 0 ], [ 7, 11, 1 ] )

More new features

in

DIANA

New in DIANA 10 – Element Library

• Element-library:

– 2-node class III (Timoshenko) beams

– Layered material input for flat shell elements

– Averaged normals in plane interface elements

– Matrix reinforcements in 3-dimensional solids

and axi-symmetric solids


• Pyramid elements

Dominant hexahedron mesher (Five-node isoparametric solid pyramid element and a

Thirteen-node isoparametric solid pyramid element)


• Matrix reinforcements in 3-dimensional

and axi-symmetric solids

New in DIANA 10 – Material Library

• Material-library:

– Modified Maekawa model replaced by

Maekawa-Fukuura model (non-orthogonal cracks)

– More options in Total Strain Crack model

– Shear-stiffness curves for simple soil models

– JCSS Probabilistic Model Code for concrete

– Predefined materials with reference to

international design codes.


• Modified Maekawa model replaced by

Maekawa-Fukuura model

– Non-orthogonal cracking, dominant crack

– Elasto-plastic fracture model (compressive zone)

– Non-orthogonal total-strain based crack model


• Shear-stiffness curves for simple soil models

– Hardin-Drnevich

– Ramberg-Osgood

– Diagram ( )

– Diagram G/G0( )


• JCSS Probabilistic model code: Concrete Properties – Reference property is basic compressive strength fc0.

– Other parameters are related to fc0:

• In-situ compressive strength fc = α fc00.96 [ MPa ]

• Tensile strength ft = 0.3 fc 2/3 [ MPa ]

• Modulus of Elasticity Ec = 10.5 fc 1/3 ( 1/(1+ẞϕ)) [ GPa ]

• Ultimate compression strain εu = 0.006 fc 1/6 (1+ẞϕ) [ - ]

– Average and standard deviation values provided for concrete grades.

– Random field generated for fc0

– Log-normal distributions

– Covariance length = 5 m, threshold-value = 0.5.


• JCSS Probabilistic model code: Concrete Properties

Example of crack pattern in concrete floor on elastic bedding with probabilistic concrete properties defined according JCSS model code.

New in DIANA 10 – Spatial functions

• Spatial functions to material parameters

- For geotechnical applications with parameters being dependent on depth - For plate structures with varying thickness and eccentricities - Random distributed properties (random fields) - Functions are defined in global coordinate system, independent from FE mesh - Properties at internally interpolated at integration point level - Functions can be defined in 1, 2 or 3 global directions

New in DIANA 10 – Analysis Procedures

• Analysis procedures: – Parallel processing of element loops

– Spatial functions (spreading the results)

– Output of model parameters

– Input of frequency loads in terms of periods

– Extension of logging Eigen-modes

– Output reinforcement moment/forces for composed surface

– Eurocode 8 EN-1998-1 Dutch NEN NPR 1998

(Dynamic Response Spectrum Input)


• Parallel processing of element loops – In DIANA 9.6 only the linear solvers (PARDIS, ITERAT) divides the analysis

job in parts that can be run at different processors at the some time.

– DIANA 10 allows to make use of Parallel processing of Eigen Solver

– DIANA 10 allows to make use of parallel processing for the following element

loops: • Setting up linear elastic stiffness matrix

• Calculating nonlinear stresses and internal forces

• Setting up tangent stiffness matrix

– Parallel processing will be available in standard version

– Number of threads can/should be managed by user

– For single and multiple processing a new procedure was introduced to

calculate the integration point contribution which gives significant speed up at

non-virtual machines.


• Parallel processing of element loops – Examples of performance gains in setting up linear stiffness matrices


Hidden feature.

• Random fields – Following field generation procedures are considered:

• Covariance method

• Fast Fourier transformation method

• Local average subdivision

*FILOS

INITIA

*INPUT

*RANFLD

BEGIN FIELD

FLDTYP=COVARI

BEGIN COVARI

NX=40

NY=20

END COVARI

COVTYP=EXPONE

CORLEN=10.

STDDEV= 20.

MATIDX 1

MATPAR YOUNG

END FIELD

*LINSTA

BEGIN OUTPUT NDIANA

DISPLA

STRESS INTPNT

PARAME YOUNG INTPNT

END OUTPUT

*END

New in DIANA 10 – New Modules

Daily Engineering

Projects

More detailed analysis

Special projects

Affordable

Reasonable

Worthwhile

WWW.TNODIANA.COM TNO DIANA BV

(Engineering Division)

Engineering (TD/E)

Vlamoven 34

6826 TN Arnhem

The Netherlands

T +31 (0) 88 34262 00

TNO DIANA BV

Delftechpark 19a

2628 XJ Delft

The Netherlands

T +31 (0) 88 34262 00

F +31 (0) 88 34262 99

TNO DIANA UK Ltd

Ground Floor

Building 1000

Lakeside North Harbour

Western Road

Portsmouth PO6 3EZ

United Kingdom

T +44 (0) 23 9270 4175

F +44 (0) 23 9270 4001

TNO DIANA

North America Inc. 17199 N.Laurel Park Drive,

Suite 205

MI 48152

Livonia

T +1 (0) 877 70 34262

F +1 (0) 320 514 9363

Documents

Finite Element Analysis - CSPFea · 2016-09-17 · Finite Element Analysis Civil Engineering ... Petroleum Engineering . History of TNO DIANA 1972 TNO Department of Computational