financing deinstitutionalisation

By

Julia Down

Hope and Homes for Children BiH

HOPE AND HOMES FOR CHILDREN BIH

Background› HHC in BiH since 1994› Initially worked to improve conditions in

institutions - but limited success› Moved focus to developing family-based

services - but this did not automatically reduce number of children in institutions

› Now concentrating on directly transforming institutions

Sarajevo

SITUATION IN BIH

Population 3.8 mill

Divided into FBiH and RS

3000 children without parental care

Around 1100 children in 17 institutions

NATIONAL STRATEGY

POLICY ON PROTECTION OF CHILDREN WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE AND FAMILIES AT RISK IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA2006-2016

Developed by government with active support of UNICEF, SCUK, HHC and others

Officially adopted in FBiH in January 2008

NATIONAL STRATEGY

Outlines detailed and practical plan for reforming legislation, building capacity of CSWs, developing family-based alternatives to institutional care and transformation of institutions

› Every institution to be transformed within 10 years› Model of transformation outlined in detail in the

strategy - conforms to the model developed by HHC› Strategy calls for pilot project to test the model in

the BiH context

ZENICA PROJECT

BACKGROUND› HHC as lead organisation in implementing

pilot project › Negotiations with local authorities led to

agreement to transform institution in city of Zenica

› DC Most institution with capacity for 60 children aged 0-18+

TRANSFORMATION OF DC MOST

Main partner Zenica city municipality as founder of institution› HHC assessed every child and their

families› Recommended a family-based placement

for each child based on individual needs› Analysed average number of new children

entering the institution every year in order to predict demand for new services

SERVICES TO REPLACE THE INSTITUTION

Prevention Reintegration Fostering Local adoption Young adult support Small family home

HHC providing capital investment, some transitional costs, training, management and monitoring of project

Staff of institution have priority in applying for jobs in new services

18-month project to transform the institution Jan 2007 – June 2008

TRANSFORMATION OF DC MOST

Total Number of Children 67

Reintegration with biological families 19

Adoption within BiH 12

Placement in foster families 11

Independent living for young people aged 18 and over 13

Placement in Small Family Home 12

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS ZENICA

BiH has very decentralised political system

Institutions for children are managed and financed at local level

This works differently in different locations

4

Federation of BiHRepublika Srpska

DC Most – financed on “per head” basis

› Children placed by CSW in municipality from where they come

› CSW pays institution monthly rate per child

› The institution has no other formal source of income

KAKANJVAREŠ

ZAVIDOVIĆI

ŽEPČE

MAGLAJ

DOBOJ-JUGUSORA

TEŠANJ

VISOKO BREZA

OLOVO

RUNNING COSTS OF DC MOST

CAPACITY (aged 0-18) 60

TOTAL BENEFICIARIES PER YEAR 75

FUNDING SYSTEM Monthly

Centres for Social Work

€ per

Zenica-Doboj Canton 265

Outside Zenica-Doboj Canton

292

HOW MUCH DOES DC MOST COST THE STATE?

CSW %# of

Children

Monthly Per

Child

TOTAL Monthly

TOTAL Annual

Zenica-Doboj

Canton75% 45 265 € 11 925 €

143 100 €

Outside Zenica-Doboj

Canton

25% 15 292 € 4 380 € 52 560 €

16 305 €

195 660 €

The new system comprises the following services 1. Prevention2. Reintegration3. Young Adult

Support 4. Fostering5. Small Family Home

RUNNING COSTS OF NEW SYSTEM

ALL NEW SERVICES ARE SUPPORTED BY

MOBILE TEAM• 2 Social workers• 1 Psychologist

MOBILE TEAM

SERVICES

CAPACITY

(per year)

# OF BENEF.

(per year)

COSTS

(travel & direct help)

1. PREVENTION 25 families 100 6 500 €

2. REINTEGRATION10 children + their families

40 3 000 €

3.YOUNG ADULT

SUPPORT5 12 000 €

4. FOSTERING 25

allowances

23 000 € training,

campaigns

5 000 €

5.SMALL FAMILY

HOME20 80 000 €

MOBILE TEAM SALARIES (taxes, allowances, office costs) (ANNUALLY)

35 000 €

TOTAL ANNUAL COSTS 164500 €

SUMMARYCOMPARISION

OF TWO SYSTEMS

TOTAL # OF BENEFICIARIES

EACH YEAR

TOTAL ANNUAL COSTS

COSTS per

beneficiary

DC MOST 75 195 660 € 2 609 €

NEW SYSTEM 190 164 500 € 866 €

The new system of services provides better outcomes for children

The new system of services is cheaper and more cost effectice.

The new system serves more than twice as many beneficiaries annually.

ADDITIONAL COSTS

Capital investment provided by HHC› Purchase, renovation, furnishing and

equipping of small family home – 120 000 euros

› Purchase of vehicle for mobile team – 5000 euros

Transitional costs provided by Zenica municipality › Covering income lost to DC Most due to

decrease in number of children – 16 500 euros

CHALLENGE

New system cheaper overall and cost effective BUT› Cost bearers changed without formal

budget reallocation› Running costs used to be spread between

as many as 20 municipal CSWs at any one time – Zenica municipality incurred no direct costs

CHALLENGE

Running costs of new system are covered by: 1. Municipal CSWs

› Allowances for foster carers› Cost of food and clothing for children placed in

small family home

2. Zenica municipality› Staff salaries and amenities for small family home

3. Zenica municipality/Zenica-Doboj Canton› Salaries and other costs of mobile team› Direct material support to beneficiaries

GORAZDE PROJECT

Gorazde canton has no institutions but places children in institutions elsewhere in BiH

HHC together with local authorities planning to develop family-based services within the canton for current and future children without parental care and children at risk of separation

Services will include prevention, reintegration, fostering, young adult support, small emergency reception centre

Services will be supported by a mobile team of 2 professionals

GORAZDE PROJECT FINANCIAL ANALYSISRunning costs of current system

Institution # of Children Monthly Per

ChildTOTAL Annual

Selo Mira 12 250 KM 36 000 KM

Dom Bjelave 1 326 KM 3 912 KM

SOS Village Sarajevo

7 476 KM 39 984 KM

SOS Village Gracanica

9 476 KM 51 408 KM

Dom Porodica 4 550 KM 26 400 KM

TOTAL 33 157 704 KM

80 650 €

GORAZDE PROJECT FINANCIAL ANALYSISRunning costs of new services

Service # of Beneficiaries-annuallyTOTAL Annual

Prevention 60 10 000 KM

Reintegration 5 2 000 KM

Fostering 15 54 000 KM

Young Adult Support

6 7 200 KM

Emergency Reception Centre

4 14 400 KM

TOTAL 90 125 122 KM

63 990 €

GORAZDE PROJECT FINANCIAL ANALYSISComparison of running costs of current system and running costs of proposed new system

COST PER BENEFICIARY

TOTAL Annual

CURRENT SYSTEM 2 444 € 80 650 €

NEW SYSTEM 711 € 63 990 €

HHC INVESTMENT IN SETTING UP SERVICES 450 000 KM = 230 000 €

….........................................................................

CONCLUSION

Two very different DI projects within BiH context – demonstrates that there is no blueprint that can be applied in every situation but each location requires its own unique DI process

DI projects in Zenica and Gorazde demonstrate that DI not only provides greatly improved outcomes for children but also that it is financially viable in the BiH context