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First Aid
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HEALTH
INTERVENTION
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
Immediate and temporary proper aid
provided to a sick or injured person or
animal until medical treatment can be
provided
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
Consists of series of simple, life-
saving medical techniques that a
non-doctor or lay person can be
trained to perform with minimal
equipment
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
HISTORY
Knights Hospitaller
First to specialize in battlefield care
for the wounded
St. John Ambulance
Formed in 1877 to teach first aid
(a term devised by the order) in
large railway centres and mining
districts
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
HISTORY
The order and its training began to
spread throughout the British Empire
and Europe
In 1859, Henry Dunant helped
organize villagers in Switzerland to
help victims of the Battle of Solferino
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
HISTORY
Four years later, four nations met in
Geneva and formed the organization
which has grown into the Red Cross
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
HISTORY
Developments in first aid and many
other medical techniques have been
fueled in large by wars
American Civil War prompted Clara
Barton to organize the American
Red Cross
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
HISTORY
Today, several groups promote first
aid
Military
Scouting movement
New techniques and equipment have
helped make today's first aid simple
and effective
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
TRAINING
Requires hands-on training by experts
to perform first aid safely
More useful if it occurs before an
actual emergency
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
TRAINING
Proper emergency preparedness is
achieved only with regular and up-to-
date refresher courses and
recertifications
CPR
Contents of First Aid kit References/Instruments/Misc:
1 - 40 Page First Aid Guide booklet
10 - Cotton tipped applicators
4 - Exam quality vinyl gloves
2 - One time use Thermometers
2 - Medium safety pins
1 - Scissors
1 - Tweezers
Topicals/Antiseptics: 14 - Alcohol cleansing pads
12 - Antiseptic cleansing wipes
5 - Antibiotic ointment packs
3 - Insect sting relief pads
3 - Castile soap towelettes
2 - First aid/burn cream packs
1 - Burn relief pack
Medicine :
6 - Extra-strength non-aspirin (tablets)
6 - Aspirin (tablets)
4 - Ibuprofen (tablets)
Bandages:
50 - Adhesive plastic bandages 3/4" x 3"
20 - Junior adhesive plastic bandages 3/8" x 1-1/2"
3 - Fingertip fabric bandages
3 - Knuckle fabric bandages
3 - Elbow & knee plastic bandages 2" x 4"
1 - Triangular sling bandage
1 - Non-stick pads 2"x3"
Injury/Treatment
5 - Butterfly wound closures
2 - Premium grade moleskin 2" x 2"
1 - Finger splint 6" x 3/4"
1 - Instant cold compress 4" x 5"
1 - 1/2" x 5 yd. First aid tape roll
Dressings :
6 - Gauze dressing pads 2" x 2"
2 - Gauze dressing pads 3" x 3"
2 - Gauze dressing pads 4" x 4"
1 - Trauma pads 5" x 9"
1 - 2" x 4.1 yd. Conforming gauze roll bandages
2 - Sterile eye pads
2 - Non-stick pads 2"x3"
10 - Cotton tipped applicators
First Aid Kit
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Altitude sickness
Can begin in susceptible people at
altitudes as low as 5,000 feet
Can cause potentially fatal swelling of the brain or lungs
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Anaphylaxis
Life-threatening condition in which
the airway can become constricted
and the patient may go into shock
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Anaphylaxis
Reaction can be caused by a
systemic allergic reaction to
allergens such as insect bites or
peanuts
Initially treated with injection of epinephrine
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Battlefield first aid
After the 9-11 terrorist attack, this
protocol refers to treating shrapnel,
gunshot wounds, burns, bone
fractures, etc. as seen either in the
battlefield or in the affected area
resulting from a terrorist attack
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Bone fracture
Break in a bone initially treated by
stabilizing the fracture with a splint
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Burns
Can result in damage to tissues and
loss of body fluids through the burn
site
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Choking
Blockage of the airway
Can quickly result in death due to
lack of oxygen if the patient's
trachea is not cleared
Heimlich maneuver
Heimlich manuever
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Childbirth
HEALTH INTERVENTION
Cramps in muscles
Due to lactic acid buildup caused
either by inadequate oxygenation
of muscle or lack of water or salt
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Diving disorders resulting from too
much pressure
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Gastrointestinal bleeding
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
Gender specific conditions
Dysmenorrhea
Testicular torsion
the testicle, normally attached to the
scrotum by a small ligament at its base, becomes loose. The testicle can then twist on itself, cutting off its flow of blood. Surgery is usually required, and it should be performed within about 5 hours from the onset of symptoms to save the testicle.
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
Heart attack, or inadequate blood flow to the blood vessels supplying the
heart muscle
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Heat stroke ( type of heat emergencies)
Sunstroke or hyperthermia
Can occur during heavy exercise in
high humidity, or with inadequate
water ( heat exhaustion), Lost of salt ( heat cramps)
May occur spontaneously in some
chronically ill persons
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Heat stroke
Unconsciousness for more than two
hours usually leads to permanent
disability
Emergency treatment involves rapid
cooling of the patient
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
Hemorrhage
Heavy bleeding
Treated by applying pressure
(manually and later with a pressure
bandage) to the wound site and
elevating the limb if possible
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Hyperglycemia
Diabetic coma
Hypoglycemia
Insulin shock
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Hypothermia
When a person's core body
temperature falls below 33.7C
(92.6F)
First aid for a mildly hypothermic
patient includes rewarming
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
Hypothermia
Rewarming a severely hypothermic
person could result in a fatal
arrhythmia
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Insect and animal bites and stings
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
Muscle strain A muscle strain is the stretching
or tearing of muscle fibers. A muscle strain can be caused by sports, exercise, a sudden movement, or trying to lift something that is too heavy
Symptoms of a muscle strain include pain, tightness, swelling, tenderness, and the inability to move the muscle very well.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Poisoning
Injection
Inhalation
Absorption
Ingestion
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Sprain
Temporary dislocation of a joint that
immediately reduces automatically
but may result in ligament damage
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Stroke
Temporary loss of blood supply to
the brain
HEALTH INTERVENTION I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Sucking chest wound
Life threatening hole in the chest
which can cause the chest cavity
to fill with air and prevent the lung
from filling
Treated by covering with an
occlusive dressing to let air out but
not in
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Toothache
Can result in severe pain and loss
of the tooth
Rarely life threatening
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Wound and bleeding
Laceration
Incision
Abrasion
Avulsion
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
PROVIDING FIRST AID
Emergency action principles
Emergency medical service
Rescue squad
First aid kit
Emergency Team
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
Artificial respiration
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Occlusive dressing
Oxygen first aid
Triage
Tourniquet
Sub-abdominal thrusts/ heimlich manuever
Tourniquet
O2 first aid
CPR
Artificial Respiration
Rescue Breathing
Procedure of causing air to flow into and
out of lungs of person when his natural
breathing ceased or inadequate
Methods:
Mouth to mouth, Mouth to nose
Respiratory Arrest
Cardiac Arrest
HEALTH INTERVENTION
I. FIRST AID
TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES OF
FIRST AID
Triage
French word used in first aid and
medical contexts
Sorting and classification of casualties,
and the establishment of treatment
priorities
Mass casualty situation, such as an
earthquake or bus accident