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• Cinema Italian Style:
• Seattle Art Museum (Plestcheeff Auditorium)
• Films start at 7:30 PM ($8 at the door)
• Films in this series include: January 15: Il Sorpasso/The Easy Life
January 22: The Leopard
February 5: Fellini Satyricon
February 19: Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion
February 26: The Decameron
March 5: Death in Venice
March 12: Ginger and Fred
March 19: La Grande Bellezza/The Great Beauty
•
Films in Italian with English subtitles, all 35 mm.
• What is the traditional year given for the
founding of the city of Rome?
• 753 BCE
• What would Greeks and Romans find most strange
about this Etruscan painting?
• Women dining with men at a banquet.
• What is this object called and what does it
symbolize?
• Fasces: the power to punish and execute
• What is haruspicy?
• The reading of animal entrails for divine
signs.
• What does SPQR mean?
• Senatus Populusque Romanus [the Senate
and the people of Rome]
• Which are the two most important hills of
ancient Rome?
• The Palatine and the Capitoline.
• What does this statue represent?
• The Trojan group: Aeneas, Anchises,
Ascanius
The Roman Temple
Sacrifice by Marcus
Aurelius
in front of Capitoline
temple,
relief panel,
176-180 AD
Roman religious ritual:
propitiatory:
gain the good will of
the gods through
divination, prayer,
sacrifice
State religion:
pax deorum
Roman architectural eclecticism [Etruscan and Greek]
Etruscan Temple: frontal plan
Porch / Pronaos
Cella
Portinaccio Temple to Apollo, Veii: 6th-century BC
Capitoline
Temple,
Jupiter, Juno,
Minerva
6th Century BC
Capitoline Temple, Jupiter, Juno, Minerva
Capitoline Triad: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva
Greek Temple Plan: peripteral columns
Cella / Naos
Stylobate
Stereobate
Temple of Zeus, Athens, 472-476 BCE
Components of ancient Greek temples
Five classical orders
used by Romans
Temple of Portunus, Forum Boarium, c 75 BCE
Temple of Portunus, Forum Boarium, c 75 BCE (pseudo-peripteral)
Temple of Hercules, c146 BCE
Largo di Torre Argentina
Temple complex
Largo di Torre Argentina, Temple complex
Representation of the Human
Figure
“Married couple” sarcophagus, Cerveteri, 520 circa,
terracotta
Etruscan couple: 2nd century BCE, Volterra
LARS PULENA, Early 2nd century, Tarquinia
• Three periods of classical Greek statuary
• Archaic: 600-480 BCE
• Classical: 480-330 BCE
• Hellenistic: 330-Roman conquest
Archaic
period
600-480
BC
Greek
Anavysos
Kouros,
6th century
Etruscan
Apollo of
Veii
c. 500 BC
Polykleitos, Doryphoros, c. 440 BC Mars of Todi, 5th-4th century
(classical contrapposto) Classical period 480-330
Aulus Metellus (Aule
Metele),
Orator (arringatore),
adlocutio
90-70 BC, Cortona
Etruscan-Roman
Man with portrait busts of
ancestors, late first century
BCE
--Roman verism (gravitas)
--pride in genealogy
--imagines
Republican Verism,
physiognomy reveals
character
Capitoline Brutus, Roman (1st century BC, on an Etruscan model)
Portrait of
Athlete from
Delos,
circa 100 BC
Greek Hellinism
211 BCE Marcellus’s
triumph with artistic spoils
from Syracuse
146 BCE Greece becomes
Roman province
31 BCE Roman conquest of
Egypt
Horace: Graecia capta
ferum victorem cepit et artes
intulit agresti Latio.
Conquered Greece took
captive her savage
conqueror and brought her
arts into rustic Latium.
• pointing machine
Pseudo-Athlete, Delos,
1st century BCE
Diadoumenos
Roman general, Tivoli,
75-50 BCE
Gnaeus Pompeius
Magnus-
Pompey the Great,
55 BCE
Julius Caesar,
Egypt,
c 44BCE
Egyptian,
Green Basalt
Titus Livius—Livy--(59 BCE to 17 CE)
• Ab Urbe Condita [The Early History of Rome]
• 142 books from beginnings of city from 753 BCE to 9 CE
• Padua; not a politician; writes during reign of Augustus (31 BCE to
14 CE)
• Book One:
• Founding legends: Aeneas, Romulus and Remus
• Regal period (753-509 BCE) 7 kings
• Overthrow of kings and foundation of Republic
• Book Two:
• Brutus defends Republic through sacrifice of his own sons
The Last Three ‘Etruscan’ Kings of Rome
• Lucius Tarquinius Priscus (Lucumo)
--Etruscan/Greek origins [from Tarquinii];
--characterized by ambitio and wealth;
--married to Tanaquil [woman who understands augury]
--Expands Senate with lesser families (demagogue)
--Murdered by sons of former king Ancus Marcius
• Servius Tullius (possible slave origins)
Census and organization of military on the basis of property
Marries his daughters to the king’s sons
Killed by his son-in-law Tarquin and daughter Tullia,
parricide (murder of the father), impiety
. Quote from Livy: “To Tullia the thought of Tanaquil’s success was torture… it was intolerable to feel that she herself should count for nothing in the making, or unmaking of kings.”
• Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud)
• Rules by fear, does not consult the Senate
Building projects bring hardship on populace
• Rape of Lucretia by Sextus Tarquinius and her suicide:
•
– Lucretia as example of female private/domestic virtue consigned for protection to male public/political virtue
• Lucius Junius Brutus leads rebellion against Tarquins and kingship is overthrown for Republic
Reign of Etruscan kings is a period of intense
Urbanization in Rome
• --Servian wall (earliest wall after Romulus vs. Remus
• --Cloaca Maxima (sewer, draining of Forum)
• --Paving of Forum
• --Circus Maximus
• --Capitoline Temple to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva