Fighting Crime Through Information Technology

8/3/2019 Fighting Crime Through Information Technology

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Fighting Crime through

Information Technology

Prepared by:

Samuel N Waweru, CFEPrincipal Auditor

In ChargeTeammate Audit Management and

Documentation System

Kenya National Audit Office

For permission to use or adapt this presentation, please

contact S.N. Waweru, at [email protected] or

[email protected] or +254-722-241082 or +254-

733241082 or +254-773-072332


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What is crime???

Crime is the breach of rules or laws for which

some governing authority (via mechanisms such

as legal systems) can ultimately prescribe a

conviction.

Individual human societies may each define

crime and crimes differently, in different

localities (state, local, international), at different

time stages of the so-called "crime" (planning,disclosure, supposedly intended, supposedly

prepared, incompleted, completed or

futuristically proclaimed after the "crime").


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What is criminal intelligence???

This is information:-

1. computed,

2. analysed and

3. disseminated

In an effort to:-1. anticipate,

2. prevent or

3. monitor criminal activities


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Players in the Justice System

The Police The Prosecution

The Judiciary

The Legislature

The Prisons Services

The Probation department

The National Security Intelligence Service

Interpol

Other Governments

Registrar of persons

Immigration

The Community (Community Policing


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Interplay of Parties in the fight against crime

Due to involvement of various arms of government

Need for connecting the arms

Need to address shared issues

Need to transform, modernise and rationalise the justice

system

Need for proper case management

Need to have a dedicated Intelligence hub

Moving from Rhetoric to Reality


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Issues affecting justice dispensation

Criminal Justice and regulatory system notoriously

fragmented

System still paper based

IT Systems in place rarely talk to each other


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Problems inherent in the justice system

Business processes and workflow not linked

Laws, Policies and Procedures not aligned

Privacy issues

Balance between civil liberties vs efficient justice systems

Data and Information Security


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Challenges facing the Justice system in the

fight against crime

Fragmented evidence

1. Police Investigations

2. Intelligence information

Inability to analyse and act on criminal and emergencyevents data into information

1. Trend and pattern identification

2. Anticipate and prevent incidents

Limited resources1. Reduce crime and enforce law and protect public with limited

resources


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Common operational issues

Incomplete information view

Unstructured information flow

Poor ability to operate on information

Delay and inaccuracies in end to end information

Difficult to align operations to management priorities

Slow information update

Hard to synthesize data into information

Inefficient working

Security (witness and information security)


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Business intelligence and the Justice System

Drowning in Data but thirsting for information

Fragmented databases within an organisation and around

the Country.

Need to have a common Business intelligence Harness the available information

Share the available resources with adequate safeguard.

Ensure Public Safety


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Business Intelligence cont

Identify trends, patterns and clusters

Hot spots

Predictive analysis

Intuitive drill down


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Importance of Data

Common entities

1. People

2. Objects

3. Location4. Events

Single point of truth

1. Golden record

Different types of data to be managed1. Hard factual information

2. Soft Intelligence


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Common Enterprise Information Model

Detect(What Happened?)

Analyse(Why did it happen?)

Model(How to optimise across alternatives?)(What if Analysis)(Creating Scenarios)

Act(Who does what?)


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Fragmented data impact on operations

Poor frontlineSupport

Re-Keying Data

Duplicate Data

Hard to FindInformation

Poor data Quality


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Data Management (Knowledge Base)

Govern

Consolidate Share

Cleanse

TrustedMasterData


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Case Management

Incidents Lead, Suspector Group

Link AnalysisRequest for Action

Evidence and Records


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Case and record vault

Protection Realm Multi FactorAuthorisation

ReportsSeparation of Duty

Command Rules

Vault


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Case management cont

Lead Management Evidence Management Incident Management

Offences Location Subject

Offender Circumstance Suspect

Link Analysis Preservation and Custody Victim


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Case management cont

Citizen Incident

management

Crime Intelligence Evidence

Propo

Victim Witness Suspect Custody Perform

Reports

Officer Resources Crime (MissingPerson)

FirearmRegister

CasePreparation

Duty

Management

Human

Resource

Finances Link

Analysis

Prosecution


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Expected outcomes

Create efficiency less need to return to the police office

Improve service delivery

1. National register

2. Crime reporting3. Investigations

Reduced administration and bureaucracy

Shared database

Electronic case file


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IT as an enabler

Laying the infrastructure

Leverage lessons learned

Training and development


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Building infrastructure

Database

Security:-

1. Both physical and logical

2. Data and Witness Access availability

Integrity

Confidentiality


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Way forward

Justice as an eco-system

1. Strategic planning on the Justice System

2. Sectoral Wide involvement of key players

Reduce Complex infrastructure

1. Permit Sharing of Data and storage

Ensure Data Security

Enable case tracking

1. Address Case delays

2. Reduce justice waiting time

Business transformation1. Cohesive approach to efficient delivery of justice

2. Efficient use of resources

Improve Justice services without raising public spending


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Samuel N. Waweru, CFE, is a member of the Association of Certified

Fraud Examiners (ACFE)

He is a Principal Auditor at the Kenya National Audit Office incharge of Teammate Audit Management and Documentation

Implementation

Mr. Waweru is a frequent speaker at professional auditing and

information technology seminars.

He is a champion of clean sustainable environment He can be reached at +254-722-241082 or +254-733-241082 or +254-

773-072332 or [email protected] or [email protected]

ABOUT THE PRESENTER


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The end

Thank you

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Fighting Crime Through Information Technology