Field Trial Implementation Proposal

Field Trial Implementation Proposal

Brickhaven Structural Fill Facility

Leachate Aerosolization System Evaluation

Moncure, North Carolina

Rev.: 0

Date: March 3, 2017 Copyright 2017

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Brickhaven Structural Fill Facility Leachate Aerosolization System Evaluation

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Table of Contents Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 2

Problem Statement ................................................................................................................................... 2

Proposed Solution ..................................................................................................................................... 2

Field Trial Proposal .................................................................................................................................... 2

Field Trial Rationale ............................................................................................................................. 3

Description of Aerosolization Science................................................................................................... 3

General Assumptions ............................................................................................................................ 3

Description of Proposed Aerosolization Equipment ............................................................................. 4

Field Trial Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 4

Evaluation Criteria ..................................................................................................................................... 4

Success Criteria ......................................................................................................................................... 4

Field Trial Implementation Plan ........................................................................................................... 5

Field Trial Design ....................................................................................................................................... 5

Proposed Aerosolization Equipment Setup .......................................................................................... 5

Field Trial Environmental and Engineering Controls ................................................................................ 5

Data Collection Means and Methods ....................................................................................................... 5

Field Collected Data .............................................................................................................................. 5

Laboratory Derived Data ....................................................................................................................... 6

Field Trial Management and Data Evaluation ....................................................................................... 7

Proposed Schedule ................................................................................................................................... 7

Final Report ............................................................................................................................................... 7

Attachments


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Introduction

Problem Statement Charah, LLC (Charah) is the operator of the Brickhaven structural fill facility (Brickhaven) located in

Moncure, North Carolina. Charah's Brickhaven facility has historically generated between 600,000 ‐

3,000,000 gallons of leachate per month on average since October 2015. Leachate is generated from (1)

residual, free draining water present in the CCP material upon excavation, (2) operational waters applied

for dust suppression during general site operations and (3) precipitation that contacts the placed CCP

material in the structural fill cells. Leachate generation has been documented to be highly variable based

on several factors including, but not limited to precipitation volume, precipitation frequency and surface

area of the active structural fill working face. All leachate generated at the Brickhaven facility is required

by regulation and site specific permitting to be collected, contained and transported to one of several

disposal facilities permitted to accept industrial waste for final treatment and disposal.

Leachate is generated on a continuous basis at the Brickhaven facility and requires significant resources

to manage and dispose of to achieve regulatory compliance. This proposal outlines an alternative method

providing on‐site disposal. Charah has evaluated the resource requirements for several other means of

leachate disposal including, but not limited to, treatment via an on‐site wastewater pre‐treatment system,

on‐site treatment and disposal by an on‐site wastewater treatment system and solar/direct heat

continued to seek out innovative technologies to meet the needs of the Brickhaven facility for leachate

treatment and disposal.

Proposed Solution An aerosolization system would allow for on‐site disposal of a significant portion of leachate generated at

the Brickhaven facility. This approach would offer the opportunity to reduce the volume of leachate

transported off‐site for treatment and discharge thereby reducing the number of trucks on the road and

freeing up capacity at municipal WWTP’s for business development opportunities. This reduction would

then theoretically increase operational efficiency and allow for the reallocation of financial resources

dedicated to leachate management to other project needs.

Field Trial Proposal Charah proposes to conduct a field trial of a leachate aerosolization system at the Brickhaven facility to

assess the suitability and efficiency of this method of on‐site leachate disposal. This proposal is submitted

for review by the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NC‐DEQ) Division of Waste

Management (DWM), Solid Waste Section (SWS) for review and approval. Charah proposes to operate

the field trial for a maximum of ninety (90) days as allowed by current regulations concerning innovative

technologies.


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Field Trial Rationale To properly evaluate the capabilities of an Integrated Mobile Aerosolization System (IMAS) at the

Brickhaven site approval by NC‐DEQ for a testing period of ninety (90) days is being requested. During the

field trial, the effectiveness of the system will be evaluated for operational effectiveness, leachate

reduction and overall efficiencies. Upon the completion of the field trial, Charah will evaluate results and

determine next steps regarding pursuit of operational permitting.

Description of Aerosolization Science

Aerosolization is the process of taking a solid or liquid and creating an aerosol, a system of colloidal (or

extremely small – on the order of 50 to 2,000 micron) particles dispersed in/as a gas, smoke, or fog.

Aerosolization of leachate involves the atomization of leachate into very small particles using dedicated

pumps and an aerosolization machine to create an aerosol in ambient air. The generated leachate aerosol

is introduced into the ambient air using strong fans that direct the leachate aerosol into a controlled area

above the ground surface. Aerosolized leachate is subjected to atmospheric conditions and gravity to

separate water from dissolved contaminants as a treatment methodology. As aerosolized water converts

to the gas phase as vapor in the ambient air, dissolved contaminants are not able to move to the vapor

phase and fall back to the ground surface by gravity as a condensate. Based on vendor information,

approximately 45% disposal efficiency can be achieved in proper atmospheric conditions when available.

General Assumptions

The following general assumptions are followed in the development of the field trial proposal:

(1) Leachate from the Brickhaven structural fill does not contain several constituents of concern present in MSW leachate. VOCs, landfill gasses, and SVOCs common to MSW leachate can be released during aerosolization due to volatilization. These constituents are not valid for CCP generated leachate. Leachate generated at the Brickhaven project has trace amounts of heavy metals. Heavy metals would be separated, in theory, from the water portion of leachate during the aerosolization process and returned by gravity to the lined structural fill area. (2) The implementation of an aerosolization system will reduce but not eliminate the need for off‐site transportation and disposal of leachate. The ability of an aerosolization system to operate properly is completely dependent on favorable climatic conditions. An aerosolization system should not be operated during cold conditions due to the risk of system failure caused by the propensity of the leachate to freeze. (3) The operating location of the aerosolization system must be lined to comply with solid waste and associated regulations. Additionally, all requirements for compliance and property boundaries must be adhered to. Leachate aerosol must be sufficiently controlled to ensure there is no migration off‐site.

(4) The effectiveness of aerosolization is highly dependent on the following atmospheric conditions:

Relative Humidity

Wind Speed

Wind Direction

Ambient Temperature

Solar Radiation


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Description of Proposed Aerosolization Equipment

An Integrated Mobile Aerosolization System (IMAS) similar to that proposed for use by Republic Services

will be utilized for the field trial. A description of the main components are as follows:

Leachate pump and possible temporary storage tank to connect to existing leachate collection

and conveyance system and provide leachate to the proposed aerosolization area

One or more booster pumps to increase pressure and forces needed to push the leachate

through the aerosolization nozzles

Aerosolization nozzle headworks to aerosolize the leachate

High Powered fan to direct the aerosol into the atmosphere

Lined aerosolization “alley” approximately 100’ long x 300’ wide

Perimeter berms and netting to control mist migration and residual condensate

A proposed system schematic is provided as Attachment A.

Field Trial Objectives

Evaluation Criteria The following criteria will be evaluated during the field trial:

(1) Reliability of IMAS System

(a) Maintenance required to operate an IMAS system on a continual basis

(b) Operational efficiency (fuel consumption) per volume of leachate disposed

(2) Efficiency of IMAS System

(a) Volume of leachate disposed of during aerosolization versus volume of leachate returned as

condensate

(b) Impact of atmospheric conditions on aerosolization efficiency

(c) Evaluation of perimeter controls to ensure no migration of aerosol occurs during varying

atmospheric conditions

Success Criteria The field trial will be considered a success based on the following outcomes:

(1) An IMAS system can operate over a 90‐day period with no more than one non‐scheduled

maintenance period lasting no more than four hours

(2) Fuel consumption of power sources and/or integrated power units provide for the disposal

of a minimum of 200 gallons of leachate per gallon of fuel consumed.

(3) On average, a minimum of 40% of leachate is disposed of per day over the course of the 90‐

day field trial


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(4) Perimeter controls contain all leachate aerosol and return condensate within the field trial

area

Field Trial Implementation Plan

Field Trial Design

Proposed Aerosolization Equipment Setup

An IMAS system as described in this proposal will be provided by a third‐party vendor for use during the

proposed field trial. A conceptual schematic is provided as Attachment A. The proposed aerosolization

trial will be positioned to provide adequate separation from all compliance and property boundaries in

accordance with the current permits and regulations governing the Brickhaven structural fill project.

A leachate aerosolization “alleyway” is proposed to be constructed on top of structural fill Cell 1 that currently has a minimum 12‐inch interim soil cover applied over the entire cell. The aerosolization alleyway will be constructed with approximate dimensions of 100 feet in width by 300 feet length with a sloping gradient back towards the aerosolization unit. The alleyway will have an HDPE liner to collect any residual condensate that does not evaporate into the atmosphere. Diversion swales and/or ditches are to be installed along the down gradient side of the alleyway to divert all condensate to a temporary return line to an existing leachate cleanout point to return leachate into the leachate collection system for recycling. The proposed location of the aerosolization alleyway is provided as Attachment B.

Field Trial Environmental and Engineering Controls A perimeter soil berm approximately 4 feet high will be constructed around the perimeter of the alleyway to contain any residual aerosol that condenses and falls back to the ground surface. Mesh fencing will also be installed in the top of the perimeter berm to contain evaporate from drifting due to changes in environmental conditions (wind direction and speed; relative humidity). Mesh fencing will also be placed in areas in close proximity to sensitive areas such as compliance and property boundaries near the aerosolization system. Details on the proposed perimeter controls are provided as Attachment C.

Data Collection Means and Methods During the proposed field trial, both field and laboratory data will be collected. Field data will be collected

by either automated field sampling equipment or by qualified vendor or Charah personnel. Laboratory

sampling and analysis will be provided by a NC certified laboratory for the appropriate media tested (air,

water, or soil). All data will be compiled and analyzed to determine if the field trial evaluation and success

criteria are met during the field trial period.

Field Collected Data

The following field data and frequencies of data collection will be collected during the proposed field

trial:


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Field Parameter Method Frequency Collection Agent

Ambient Temperature Automated Instrumentation on IMAS; On‐site weather station; KTTA weather station data

Minimum – Hourly Optimum ‐ Minute

IMAS Equipment or Vendor; Verification by Charah

Relative Humidity Automated Instrumentation on IMAS; On‐site weather station; KTTA weather station data

Minimum – Daily Optimum ‐ Hourly


Wind Speed Automated Instrumentation on IMAS; On‐site weather station; KTTA weather station data



Wind Direction Automated Instrumentation on IMAS; On‐site weather station; KTTA weather station data



Solar Radiation Astronomical data collected from Moncure, NC site via weatherunderground.com website

Daily Charah

Barometric Pressure Access Weather Station Data at site and/or KTTA weather station via Internet

Hourly Charah

Laboratory Derived Data

The following laboratory data and frequencies of data collection will be collected during the proposed

field trial:

Field Parameter Method Frequency Sampling Location Collection Agent

Airborne Metals

EPA 6010C m, Total metals on high‐volume Filter; collected at a flow rate required by sampling equipment

Minimum: Two (2) representative tests a minimum of one week apart pre‐field trial; One (1) test per 7 days of operation during field trial; Two (2) tests at one week intervals after field trial

Sample Points as shown on Figure X. Samples to be collected at 50‐foot setback, 200’ setback, and compliance/property boundary at a minimum

3rd Party testing firm qualified to conduct ambient air sampling; samples to be submitted to a NC certified laboratory qualified and experienced in the specified testing methods


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Proposed sampling locations are provided in a suggested sampling map as Attachment D. Sampling

locations can be amended based on the review and response of NC‐DEQ and the third‐party testing service

provider.

Field Trial Management and Data Evaluation

Proposed Schedule The proposed field trial would be scheduled during ideal operating conditions during the months of May,

June, July, and or August of 2017 once approved by NC‐DEQ for implementation. The field trial will run

for the maximum ninety (90) day period for a field trial or as directed by NC‐DEQ.

Final Report All data collected during the field trial will be compiled, reviewed, and presented by Charah to NC‐DEQ in

a final report within ninety (90) days of receiving all field and laboratory data from laboratory service

providers. The final report will contain all field and laboratory data as well as findings and

recommendations. If warranted, Charah will provide a request for a permit for a permanent

aerosolization system after the issuance of the final report and review by NC‐DEQ.


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Attachments


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Attachment A

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PROPERTY LINE

PROJECT BOUNDARY

COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY

4' HIGH BERMS

ALONG ALLEYWAY

PERIMETER

20' HIGH MESH

FENCING TO BE

INSTALLED

AROUND

ALLEYWAY

PERIMETER ON

TOP OF

PERIMETER BERMS

GENERAL NOTES:

(1) FINAL COVER GRADES SHOWN. SYSTEM MAY BE PLACED ON TOP OF INTERIM SOIL COVER. IT IS ASSUMED

THAT INTERIM COVER GRADES WOULD REFLECT FINAL SURFACE GRADES AT A LOWER ELEVATION

(2) AEROSOL ALLEYWAY TO BE VEGETATED. FINAL COVER OR INTERIM SOIL COVER MUST BE AMENDED TO

PROMOTE VEGETATIVE GROWTH PRIOR TO SYSTEM OPERATION.

(3) CONTINGENT FENCING LAYOUT MAY BE RECONSIDERED BASED ON PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION.

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LEACHATE

AEROSOLIZATION

ALLEYWAY. 100' WIDE X

300' LONG

LEACHATE IMAS

AEROSOLIZATION UNITS.

TO BE PROVIDED BY OTHERS

LEACHATE SUPPLY LINE.

FROM LEACHATE TANKS OR

INTERMEDIATE CONNECTION IN

LEACHATE COLLECTION

SYSTEM. SHOWN WITH

POSSIBLE INTERIM LEACHATE

STORAGE TANK - TO BE

DETERMINED BY VENDOR IF

REQUIRED.

CELL 1 BOUNDARY

0 50 100 200

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BRICKHAVEN LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION FIELD TRIAL PROPOSAL MONCURE, NORTH CAROLINA

LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT

CONDENSATE RETURN

LINE TO LEACHATE

CLEANOUT FOR CELL 1.

FLOW METER TO BE

INSTALLED TO MEASURE

RETURN FLOW RATE

AND VOLUME IN LINE

FLOW METER TO MEASURE AND

RECORD LEACHATE FLOW RATE

TO IMAS AEROSOLIZATION UNIT


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Attachment B

BRICKHAVEN LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION FIELD TRIAL PROPOSAL MONCURE, NORTH CAROLINA

LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION SYSTEM OVERVIEW

PROPERTY LINE

PROJECT BOUNDARY

COMPLIANCE

BOUNDARY

LEACHATE

AEROSOLIZATION

ALLEYWAY.

100' WIDE X 300' LONG

LEACHATE

STORAGE AREA

CELL 1 LIMITS

GENERAL NOTES:

(1)LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION ALLEYWAY TO BE INSTALLED OVER TOP EXISTING LINED STRUCTURAL FILL CELL.

THE DESIGN IS SHOWN FOR CELL 1. CELL 1 HAS AN INTERIM SOIL COVER LAYER OF A MINIMUM OF 12 INCHES.

0 300 600 1200


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Attachment C

GENERAL NOTES:



(2) AEROSOL ALLEYWAY TO BE VEGETATED. FINAL COVER OR INTERIM SOIL COVER MUST BE AMENDED TO

PROMOTE VEGETATIVE GROWTH PRIOR TO SYSTEM OPERATION.

(3) CONTINGENT FENCING LAYOUT MAY BE RECONSIDERED BASED ON PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION.

CELL 1 BOUNDARY

FIG 4: LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION SYSTEM VENDOR SCHEMATIC

BRICKHAVEN LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION FIELD TRIAL PROPOSAL

MONCURE, NORTH CAROLINA

12"-18" INTERIM SOIL COVER

CELL 1 CCP FILL


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Attachment D

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LINED SUMP FOR RESIDUAL

AEROSOL CONDENSATE

COLLECTION. DISCHARGE TO

STRUCTURAL FILL LEACHATE

COLLECTION SYSTEM BY

GRAVITY OR SURFACE PUMP

(IF REQUIRED)

PROPERTY LINE

PROJECT BOUNDARY

COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY

EXCESS CONDENSATE

DIVERSION BERMS

GENERAL NOTES:



(2) PERIMETER BUFFERS SHOWN TO REFLECT SYSTEM PLACEMENT IN RELATION TO OVERALL SITE GEOMETRY.

(3) PROPOSED AIR SAMPLING POINTS SHOWN AS SP-X. SAMPLES TO BE COLLECTED AT ELEVATION OF

AEROSOLIZATION OR AS RECOMMENDED BY NCDEQ AND/OR AIR SAMPLING FIRM.

LEACHATE

AEROSOLIZATION

ALLEYWAY. 100' WIDE X

300' LONG

CELL 1 BOUNDARY

0 100 200 400

IMAS AEROSOLIZATION UNIT

FIG 2: LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION SYSTEM LAYOUT

BRICKHAVEN LEACHATE AEROSOLIZATION FIELD TRIAL PROPOSAL

MONCURE, NORTH CAROLINA

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Documents

Field Trial Implementation Proposal