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Federal AviationAdministrationSouthern Region
FAASTeam
CFI Special Emphasis Program
Pilots Airworthiness Responsibilities
Presented by: Mark L. LaughridgeFAASTeam Program Manager
May 2, 2009
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Objective - To define the word “airworthy”Objective - To define the word “airworthy”
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Objective -To review the requirements that must be met for an aircraft to be “airworthy”Objective -To review the requirements that must be met for an aircraft to be “airworthy”
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Objective – To address the owner/operator and PIC responsibilities for the airworthiness of an aircraft
Objective – To address the owner/operator and PIC responsibilities for the airworthiness of an aircraft
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Understanding “Airworthy”
The term “airworthy” is often used but was not specifically defined in the regulations until recently.
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14 CFR PART 3.5
• § 3.5 Statements about products, parts, appliances and materials.
• (a) Definitions. The following terms will have the stated meanings when used in this section:
• Airworthy means the aircraft conforms to its type design and is in a condition for safe operation.
• Product means an aircraft, aircraft engine, or aircraft propeller.
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CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS 91.7
• No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition.
• The pilot in command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight….
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CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS 91.7
• No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition.
• The pilot in command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight. The pilot in command shall discontinue the flight when unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural conditions occur.
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STANDARD AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICADEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
1. NATIONALITY AND REGISTRATION MARKS
N12345
2. MANUFACTURER AND MODEL
Boeing 747-400
3. AIRCRAFT SERIAL NUMBER
197142
4. CATEGORY
Transport5. AUTHORITY AND BASIS FOR ISSUE
This airworthiness certificate is issued pursuant to the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 and certifies that as of the dateof issuance, the aircraft to which issued has been inspected and found to conform to the type certificate, therefor, to be in condition for safe operation, and has been shown to meet the requirements of the applicable comprehensiveand detailed airworthiness code as provided by Annex 8 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, except as noted herein:
6. TERMS AND CONDITIONSUnless sooner surrendered, suspended, revoked, or a termination date is otherwise established by the Administrator, this airworthiness certificate is effective as long as the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations areperformed in accordance with Parts 21, 43, and 91 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, as appropriate, and the aircraftis registered in the United States.
DATE OF ISSUANCE
11/29/92FAA REPRESENTATIVE
John Q. Publican
DESIGNATION NUMBER
DMIR ANM 1234John Q. PublicanAny alteration, reproduction, or misuse of this certificate may be punishable by a fine not exceeding $1,000, or imprisonment not exceeding 3 years, or both. THIS CERTIFICATE MUST BE DISPLAYED IN THE AIRCRAFT IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLEFEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS.
FAA Form 8100-2
EXEMPTION NO. 1013A FAR 25.471(b): Allows lateral displacement of C.G. from airplane centerline.
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5. AUTHORITY AND BASIS FOR ISSUEThis airworthiness certificate is issued pursuant to the Federal Aviation Act of1958 and certifies that, as of the date of issuance, the aircraft to which issued has been inspected and found to conform to the type certificate therefore, to be in condition for safe operation, and has been shown to meet the requirements of the applicable comprehensive and detailed airworthiness code as providedby Annex 8 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, except as noted.Exceptions:
6. TERMS AND CONDITIONSUnless sooner surrendered, suspended, revoked, or a termination date is otherwise established by the Administrator, this airworthiness certificate is effective as long as the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations are performed in accordance with Parts 21, 43, and 91 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, as appropriate, and the aircraft is registered in the United States.
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WHAT DOES TYPE DESIGN MEAN?
The type design consists of--(a) The drawings and specifications, and a listing of those drawings and specifications, necessary to define the configuration and the design features of the product…
(b) Information on dimensions, materials, and processes necessary to define the structural strength of the product…
(c) The Airworthiness Limitations section of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness as required…
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www.faa.gov then select “Type Certificate Data Sheets”
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TYPE DESIGN DATA SHEETS
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TYPE DESIGN DATA SHEETS
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TYPE DESIGN DATA SHEETS
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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES
• An aircraft operator is responsible for the following items [91.203 & 91.403]:– Ensuring that the aircraft has a current
Airworthiness Certificate and Certificate of Registration in the aircraft.
– Verifying that the aircraft is airworthy and in compliance with all applicable AD’s
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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES
– Assuring that maintenance is properly recorded.– Ensuring that the aircraft operating limitations,
including weight and balance, are in the aircraft and complied with.
– Verifying that the aircraft is safe for flight.
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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES
– Assuring that maintenance is properly recorded.– Ensuring that the aircraft operating limitations,
including weight and balance, are in the aircraft and complied with.
– Verifying that the aircraft is safe for flight.
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“There is plenty of room for my extra luggage”
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AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES
– Assuring that maintenance is properly recorded.– Ensuring that the aircraft operating limitations,
including weight and balance, are in the aircraft and complied with.
– Verifying that the aircraft is safe for flight.
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AR(R)OW
• A-Airworthiness Certificate• 91.203(a)(1)
• R-Registration• 91.203(a)(2)
• (R)-Radio Station License, when required• O-Operating Limitations
• 91.9(b)(1)&(2)
• W-Weight and Balance• 23-1519, 23-1583, 23-1559 & 91.9
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WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THINGS BREAK?
• The airworthiness certificate is no longer in effect!
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WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THINGS BREAK?
91.213 Inoperative Instruments and Equipment
• Minimum Equipment List – MEL– Developed for a specific aircraft– Letter of Authorization from the FSDO required– Must be used by everyone who flies the aircraft– Training and records are required
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OPSPECS.COM
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WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THINGS BREAK?
91.213 Inoperative Instruments and Equipment
• NO MEL decision chain– Regulations – TCDS and 91.205– Manufacturer – equipment list– Remove or deactivate, and placard (91.405)– Determination of safety
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WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THINGS BREAK?
91.213 Inoperative Instruments and Equipment
• NO MEL decision chain– Regulations – TCDS and 91.205– Manufacturer – equipment list– Remove or deactivate, and placard– Determination of safety
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Inoperative equipment can cause a career changing moment
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PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
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PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
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PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
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PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
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SPECIAL AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171
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REQUIRED INSPECTIONS• Annual inspection 91.409(a)• 100 hour inspection 91.409(b)• Progressive inspection 91.409(d)• Pitot-static/Altimeter 91.411• Transponder 91.413• ELT 91.207• 30-day VOR check 91.171• Current GPS data base 91.103 / 91.7
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Airworthiness Directives Part 39.3 “Airworthiness Directives are legally enforceable rules that apply to the following products: aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, and appliances.”
Part 39.7 “Anyone who operates a product that does not
meet the requirements of an applicable airworthiness directive is in violation of this section.”
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AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
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Part 91.417 (a) (2) (v)
“The current status of applicable AD’s including for each, the method of compliance, AD number and revision date and if the AD involves recurring action, the time (aircraft time) and date when the next action is required”
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AD COMPLIANCE RECORD
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Responsibilities
• 14 CFR part 91, section 91.417 states that an aircraft owner/operator shall, keep and maintain aircraft maintenance records.
• 14 CFR part 43, sections 43.9 and 43.11 state that maintenance personnel are required to make the record entries.
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What Must Be In The Maintenance Records?
• Description of the work performed• Date the work was completed• Signature and certificate number of the person approving the work
In addition, §43.9 requires:•Name of any person performing work on the aircraft if other than the person approving that work
SIGNATURE
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REVIEW OF RESPONSIBILITIES• DOCUMENTS
– Airworthiness– Registration– Operating Limitations– Weight & Balance
• AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES• REQUIRED MAINTENANCE RECORDS• INSPECTIONS
– Annual - Transponder– 100-hour - ELT– Pitot-static - VOR and GPS data base
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Preflight?
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FAASafety.gov
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We in the FAA stand ready to join with you, to guide, and assist you in every way possible – but the primary responsibility for aviation safety rest with
You!
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The Southern Region FAASTeam is dedicated to quality customer service
and we would appreciate your feedback on the critique sheet
provided.
Thank You
