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jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xåf/f ;fd'bflos jgsf] :jLs[t sfo{of]hgfadf]lhd jgsf] lbuf]

Joj:yfkgaf6 pTkflbt jg k}bfjf/sf] laqmL ljt/0f, ;/sf/L cg'bfg, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf jf

JolQmaf6 k|fKt ;xof]u / cGo ;|f]taf6 cfDbfgL eO{ hDdf ePsf] pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf]

sf]ifsf] kl/rfng ug]{, pkef]Qmf ;d"xaf6 :jLs[t ah]6 vr{ ug]{, cfDbfgL vr{sf] n]vf

/fVg], n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg], n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h' km5f}{6 / c;'n pk/ ug]{ u/fpg]

cflb cfly{s sfo{ljlwnfO{ jg P]g @)$(, jg lgodfjnL @)%! tyf ;fd'bflos jgsf]

lgb{]lzsf @)%@, ;fd'bflos jgsf] dfu{bz{g, @)&! Pj+ ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf7÷bfp/f

;ª\sng tyf laqmL ljt/0f lgb]{lzsf, @)&! ;d]tsf] clwgdf /xL lgoldt, Jojl:yt /

kf/bzL{ ¿kdf ;~rfng ug{ u/fpg jg lgodfjnL @)%! sf] lgod ^& n] lbPsf] clwsf/

k|of]u u/L jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnoaf6 of] lgb]{lzsf tof/ u/L nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .

1

kl/R5]b – ! k|f/lDes

!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ o; lgb]{lzsfsf] gfd æ;fd'bflos jgsf] cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgb]{lzsf

@)&#Æ /x]sf] 5 .

-@_ of] lgb]{lzsf jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnon] :jLs[t u/]sf] ldltb]lv nfu" x'g]5 .

@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df, o; lgb]{lzsdf M

-s_ æP]gÆ eGgfn] jg P]g, @)$( ;Demg'k5{ .

-v_ ælgodfjnLÆ eGgfn] jg lgodfjnL, @)%! ;Demg'k5{ .

-u_ ælhNnf jg clws[tÆ eGgfn] lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] k|d'v ;Demg'k5{ .

-3_ “jg k|fljlws” eGgfn] pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ ;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkg ug{ k|fljlws ;xof]u, ;Nnfx

/ tflnd lbg;Sg] sDtLdf jg lj1fgdf k|df0fkq jf l8Knf]df k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

;f] zAbn] lhNnf jg sfof{no / dftxt sfof{nosf /]Gh/, jg clws[t / lhNnf jg

clws[t;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-ª_ æjg k}bfjf/Æ eGgfn] jg P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @ -u_ df plNnlvt jg k}bfjf/ ;Demg'k5{ .

-r_ æpkef]Qmf ;d"x jf ;d"xÆ eGgfn] ;fd'bflos jgsf] Joj:yfkg / pkof]u ug{ jg P]g, @)$( sf]

bkmf $@ adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x ;Demg'k5{ .

-5_ æljwfgÆ eGgfn] jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 kfl/t eO{ lhNnf jg sfof{noaf6 :jLs[t

ljwfgnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-h_ “;fd'bflos jgsf] sfo{of]hgf” eGgfn] jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng sfod /fVb} ;fd'bflos jgsf] ;+/If0f,

Joj:yfkg / jg k}bfjf/sf] pkof]u tyf laqmL ljt/0faf6 pkef]Qmfx¿sf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/

ug{ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] tof/ kf/]sf] / jg P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd lhNnf jg clws[taf6

:jLs[t of]hgf ;Demg'k5{ .

-em_ æpkef]Qmf ;ldltÆ eGgfn] pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ljwfgadf]lhd ul7t sfo{;ldltnfO{

;Demg'k5{ .

-`_ “sf]if” eGgfn] jg P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf $% cg';f/ v8f ul/Psf] ;d"xsf] sf]ifnfO{ ;Demg'kb{5 .

-6_ “a}ª\s” eGgfn] ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug{ :yfkgf ePsf] ;Ël7t ;+:yfnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

2

-7_ “sf/f]jf/” eGgfn] ;d"xsf] rn, crn, gubL tyf lhG;L wgdfn lhDdf lnO{ o; lgb]{lzsf

adf]lhd lgwf{l/t sfddf vr{ jf bflvnf;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd ;Demg'k5{ .

-8_ “n]vf” eGgfn] sf/f]jf/ ePsf] Joxf]/f b]lvg] u/L o; lgb]{lzsfadf]lhd /flvg] clen]v, vftf,

lstfa cflb / ;f] sf/f]jf/nfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ cGo sfuhft;d]tnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-9_ “bf]xf]/f] n]vf k|0ffnL” eGgfn] Pp6} sf/f]jf/nfO{ Pp6f vftfsf] 8]la6 kIf / csf]{ vftfsf] qm]l86

kIf u/L b'O{ :yfgdf clen]v /fVg] k|0ffnL ;Demg'k5{ .

-0f_ “uf]:jf/f efpr/” eGgfn] cfly{s sf/f]jf/x¿sf] ;'? clen]v /fVg k|of]u ug]{ kmf/d ;Demg'k5{ .

o;df sf/f]jf/x¿sf] 8]lj6 kIf / qm]l86kIf u/L b'O{ :yfgdf clen]v /flvG5 .

-t_ “8]la6” eGgfn] bf]xf]/f] n]vf k|0ffnLsf] l;4fGtcg';f/ uf]:jf/f efpr/sf] 8]la6 dxndf k|ljli6 -

/fVg]_ ug]{ sfdnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-y_ “qm]l86” eGGffn] bf]xf]/f] n]vf k|0ffnLsf] l;4fGtcg';f/ uf]:jf/f efpr/sf] qm]l86 dxndf k|ljli6

ug]{ sfdnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-b_ “r]s” eGgfn] JolQm jf Joj;flos ;ª\u7gn] a}ª\sdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] vftfaf6 lglZrt /sd

tf]lsPsf] JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ lbg' egL a}ª\snfO{ n]Vg] lgb]{zg cyjf cfb]znfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-w_ “a}ª\s 8«fkm\6” eGgfn] Ps a}ª\sn] cfkm\gf] zfvf, pk–zfvf of Ph]G;L a}ª\snfO{ tf]lsPsf] JolQm,

kmd,{ sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ e'QmfgL ug'[{ eGg] a}ª\ssf] cfb]z ;Demg'k5{ .

-g_ “On]S6«f]lgs 6«fG:fkm/” eGgfn] Ps a}ª\saf6 csf]{ a}ª\s;Dd sDKo'6/sf] dfWodaf6 ljB'tLo

;~rf/sf] ;xof]udf /sd :yfgfGt/0f ug]{ k|lqmof jf tl/sfnfO{ On]S6«f]lgs 6«fG:fkm/ egL

;Demg'k5{ .

-k_ “gubL /l;b” eGgfn] ;d"xdf gub /sd k|fKt x'Fbf ;f] k|flKtsf] e/kfO :j¿k pkef]Qmf ;d"xn]

lbg] lg:;f ;Demg'k5{ .

-km_ ægub vftfÆ eGgfn] pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] u/]sf] gub cfDbfgL, a}ª\s bflvnf / gub vr{ cflbnfO{

Jojl:yt ?kdf clen]v /fVg tof/ kfl/Psf] ljj/0f ;Demg'k5{ .

-a_ “cfDbfgL vftf” eGgfn] pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf k|fKt ePsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sdsf] Jojl:yt ¿kdf clen]v

/fVg tof/ kfl/Psf] ljj/0f ;Demg'k5{ .

-e_ “vr{ vftf” eGgfn] ;d"xn] k|zf;lgs, ljsf; / cGo sfo{df u/]sf] vr{ /sdsf] Jojl:yt

¿kdf clen]v /fVg tof/ kfl/Psf] ljj/0f ;Demg'k5{ .

3

-d_ “lhG;L lstfa -vftf_” eGgfn] gubafx]s c? dfn;fdfgsf] gfd, k/n d"No / cfDbfgL vr{sf]

clen]v /fVg tof/ kfl/Psf] ljj/0f ;Demg'k5{ .

-o_ “a}ª\s lstfa -vftf_” eGgfn] a}ª\sdfkm{t u/]sf] cfDbfgL / vr{sf] sf/f]jf/sf ;fy} afFsL df}Hbft

b]lvg] u/L lgoldt / Jojl:yt clen]v /fVg tof/ kfl/g] ljj/0f ;Demg'k5{ .

-/_ “n]vf k/LIf0f” eGGffn] pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] jif{el/ u/]sf] cfly{s sf/f]jf/ / To;sf] n]vf o;

lgb]{lzsfcg';f/ Jojl:yt / kf/bzL{ ¿kdf /fv]sf] 5 5}g ;f] s'/fsf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] tf]s]sf] n]vf

k/LIfsaf6 x'g] qmda4, Jojl:yt / k]zfut hfFr ;Demg'k5{ .

-n_ “cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f” eGGffn] pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;fwf/0f ;ef_ n] cfkm\gf] pkef]Qmf

;b:ox¿dWo]af6 u7g u/]sf] Ps jf a9L JolQmsf] ;ldltaf6 clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufl8 ul/g]

n]vfk/LIf0fnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-j_ “clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f” eGgfn] pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] -;fwf/0f ;ef_ tf]s]sf] dfGotf k|fKt /lhi68{

n]vfk/LIfsaf6 ul/g] n]vfk/LIf0f ;Demg'k5{ .

-z_ “a]?h'” eGGffn] o; lgb]{lzsfadf]lhd k'¥ofpg'kg]{ /Lt gk'¥ofO{ sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] jf /fVg'kg]{ n]vf

g/fv]sf] tyf clgoldt jf a]dgfl;a tl/sfn] cfly{s s/f]jf/ u/]sf] egL n]vf k/LIf0f ubf{

cf+}NofOPsf] jf 7x¥ofOPsf] sf/f]jf/ ;Demg'k5{ .

-if_ “:yfoL n]vf gDa/” eGgfn] s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfn] s/ k|of]hgsf nflu cfos/ P]g ,@)%* sf]

bkmf &* adf]lhd cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{noaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] kl/ro gDa/ ;Demg'k5{ .

-;_ “ljkGg ju{” eGgfn] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ef}lts, dfgjLo / k|fs[lts ;|f]t;fwgdf kx'Fr tyf

lgoGq0fsf] cfwf/df k5fl8 k/]sf jf kfl/Psf pkef]Qmfx¿ ;Demg'k5{ .

-x_ æsDkgLÆ eGgfn] sDkgL P]g, @)^# adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] sDkgLnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-If_ æpBf]uÆ eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg'gcg';f/ jg k}bfjf/sf] ;Íng jf v]tL tyf k|zf]wg u/L pTkfbg /

laqmL ljt/0f ug{ kfpg] u/L cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo P]g @)&# adf]lhd btf{ eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf]

pBf]unfO{ ;Demg'kb{5 .

-q_ “k/fdz{ ;]jf” eGgfn] s'g} k/fdz{bftf -JolQm jf ;+:yf_ n] s'g} vf; k|fljlws ljifodf /sd lnP/

lbg] ;]jf -h:t} tflnd k|bfg ug]{, jgsf] ;j]{If0f ug]{, ;fd'bflos jgsf] sfo{of]hgf agfpg],

jftj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ cflb_ ;Demg'k5{ .

-1_ “l6Kk0fL” eGgfn] s'g} dxTjk"0f{ ljifodf lg0f{o ug{ rflxg] cfjZos tYox¿ /fvL dflyNnf]

lgsfodf cfkm\gf] /fo;lxt :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]Zf ul/g] ;+lIfKt l6kf]6 ;Demg'k5{ .

4

kl/R5]b @

pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sf]if / sf]if÷vftf ;~rfng

!= pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sf]ifsf] ;|f]t M -!_ ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x cljl5Gg

pQ/flwsf/jfnf Ps :jzfl;t ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePsf] / JolQm ;/x rn crn ;DklQ k|fKt ug{,

pkef]u ug{ / a]r lavg ug{;Sg] ePsf] x'Fbf o;n] cfkm\gf] Ps 5'§} sf]if v8f ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ o:tf] sf]ifdf lgDgadf]lhdsf] /sd hDdf ug{'kg]{5 —

-s_ jg k}bfjf/sf] laqmL ljt/0faf6 k|fKt /sd,

-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd,

-u_ s'g} JolQm jf ;+:Yfaf6 k|fKt cg'bfg, ;xfotf jf bfg bftJosf] /sd,

-3_ b08 hl/jfgfaf6 k|fKt /sd

-ª_ k|j]z÷;b:otf÷jflif{s gjLs/0f z'Ns cflb

-r_ jg pBd /

-5_ cGo s'g} ;|f]taf6 k|fKt /sd .

@= a}ª\sdf vftf vf]Ng] M -!_ lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/; lnO{ g]kfn /fi6« a}ª\saf6

dfGotf k|fKt s'g} Ps a}ª\sdf vftf vf]nL pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ k|fKt x'g] ;Dk"0f{ /sd /fVg'k5{ .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhd vf]lng] vftf pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] gfpFdf /fVg'k5{ . JolQmut ¿kdf

-JolQmsf] gfpFdf_ vf]Ng kfOg] 5}g .

#= sf]if÷vftf ;~rfng M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sf]if÷vftf ;~rfng pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf]

ljwfgn] cGoyf tf]s]df afx]s pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf cWoIf jf ;lrj / sf]iffWoIfsf] ;+o'Qm

b:tvtaf6 ;~rfng ug'{k5{ .

-@_ plNnlvt # hgf kbflwsf/Lx¿dWo] ! hgf clgjfo{ ¿kdf dlxnf x'g'kg]{5 .

$= pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] n]vf /fVg] k|0ffnL M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] n]vf bf]xf]/f] >]:tf k|0ffnLsf]

l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t gubL sf/f]jf/df /flvPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . cyf{t\ x/]s sf/f]jf/sf] bf]xf]/f] lx;fa

b]vfpg'k5{ . of] bf]xf]/f] k|0ffnLdf Ps kIfnfO{ 8]la6 / csf]{ kIfnfO{ qm]l86 ug{'k5{ .

-@_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] o; lgb]{lzsfadf]lhdsf] cfly{s sfo{ljlw cjnDag u/L cfo–Joosf]

;|]:tf /fVg'kg]{5 .

%= :yfoL n]vf gDa/ lng] M pkef]Stf ;d"xn] ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{noaf6 :yfoL

n]vf gDa/ (PAN) lnPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no g/x]sf] lhNnfsf pkef]Qmf

;d"xx¿n] glhssf] lhNnfdf /x]sf] cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{noaf6 :yfoL n]vf gDa/ lng'kg]]{5 .

5

kl/R5]b #

ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd lgdf{0f / :jLs[lt

^= ah]6 / sfo{qmd th'{df M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] cfufdL jif{sf nflu sfo{of]hgfcg';f/

;~rfng ug]{ sfo{qmd / ah]6 o; jif{ g} tof/ ug'{k5{ . jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] tof/L ug]{

bfloTj pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ sfo{qmd / ah]6 th'{df ubf{ sfo{of]hgfcg';f/ jg k}bfjf/ laqmLaf6 cfh{g u/]sf] jf x'g]

cfosf] slDtdf @% k|ltzt /sd ;fd'bflos jgsf] ljsf;, ;+/If0f / Joj:Yffkgdf vr{ ug{

5'6\ofpg'k5{ . To;}u/L, pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] s'n cfDbfgLsf] slDtdf #% k|ltzt /sd ljkGg

ju{sf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L, hghfltnlIft sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ 5'6\ofpg'k5{ . afFsL /sd

;fd'bflos ljsf;, ;+:yfut ljsf;, k|zf;lgs sfo{ / cGo sfo{nfO{ 5'6\ofpg ;lsg]5 .

&= jflif{s ah]6 / sfo{qmd tof/ u/L :jLs[lt u/fpg] M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;ldltn]

sfo{of]hgfcg';f/ ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmdx¿ tyf k|zf;lgs nufot cGo sfo{x¿sf nflu

rflxg] cfjZos ah]6sf] th'{df u/]kl5 :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug'{kg]{5 . ah]6 /

sfo{qmd :jLs[ltsf nflu a:g] ;fwf/0f ;efdf ;DalGwt Onfsf jg sfof{nosf] k|ltlglw

/fVg'kg]{5 .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhd sfo{qmdut ah]6 th'{df ubf{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] cfjZostfcg';f/

:yfgLo ;xhstf{, :yfgLo lgsfo, jg;DaGwL sfo{df ;+nUg u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf, jg k|fljlws jf

;DalGwt Onfsf jf ;]S6/ jg sfof{nosf /]Gh/÷clws[tsf] ;xof]u lng;Sg]5 .

-#_ ;fwf/0f ;efn] pkef]Qmf ;ldltdfkm{t k]z ePsf] pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] jflif{s ah]6 /

sfo{qmddf cfjZos 5nkmn u/L s]xL ;+zf]wg eP ;f];d]t ug{ nufO{ :jLs[lt k|bfg ug'{kg]{5 .

-$_ cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf nflu tof/ ePsf] jflif{s ah]6 / sfo{qmd ;fwf/0f ;efaf6

:jLs[t geP;Dd pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] sfof{Gjog ug{ x'Fb}g .

*= :jLs[t ah]6 / sfo{qmdsf] hfgsf/L lhNnf jg sfo{nodf lbg] M ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 :jLs[t

ePsf] cfufdL jif{sf] jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdsf] Ps k|lt Onfsf jg sfof{nodfkm{t lhNnf

jg sfof{nodf hfgsf/Lsf nflu k7fpg'kg]{5 .

6

kl/R5]b $ cfDbfgLsf] n]vf /fVg] sfo{ljlw

(= /sd k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ k|fKt x'g] /sd gub, a}ª\s 8«fkm\6, On]S6«f]lgs

6«fGkm/ jf r]sdfkm{t lng'k5{ . ;+:yfut r]s 5fk;lxtsf] x'g'kg]{5 . 5fk sfnf] d;Ln] cª\lst

x'g'k5{ . ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] 5fk gnfu]sf] r]s a'em\g' xF'b}g .

-@_ jg k}bfjf/ laqmLnufot cGo ;|f]taf6 k|fKt x'g] /sd yf]/} eP gub -a9Ldf ?=!),)))

;Dd_ / a9L eP a}ª\s 8«fkm\6, On]S6«f]lgs 6«fGkm/ jf pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] vftfdf ;f]em} gub

bflvnf ug{ nufO{ a}ª\ssf] ef}r/ lng'k5{ . jg k}bfjf/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfaf6 lng'kg]{

/sd r]sdfkm{t lng' x'Fb}g .

-#_ ;/sf/L cg'bfg, ;xfotf cflb a}ª\s 8«fkm\6 jf r]saf6 lng'k5{ .

-$_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ k|fKt x'g] r]s ;d"x s} gfddf lvlrPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf

cWoIf jf cGo kbflwsf/Lsf] gfddf lvlrPsf] r]s lng xF'b}g . To;}u/L a}ª\s 8«fkm\6 klg

pkef]Qmf ;d"x s} gfddf lvlrPsf] x'g'kg]{5 .

!)= pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ k|fKt x'g] /sdsf] /l;b -lg:;f_ lbg] M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{

k|fKt x'g] ;a} /sd ;f] sfo{ ug{ vl6Psf] pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] cflwsfl/s kbflwsf/Ln] dfq

a'em\g'k5{ . c?n] a'em\g' x'Fb}g . o:tf] kbflwsf/L sf]iffWoIf jf n]vfsf] sfd ug]{ u/L pkef]Qmf

;d"x÷pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] lgo'lQm u/]sf] JolQm x'g;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ k|fKt x'g] /sd gub} k|fKt eP jg k}bfjf/sf] xsdf cg';"rL ! -s_

adf]lhdsf] /l;b / cGo lsl;dsf] cfDbfgLsf nflu cg';"rL ! -v_ adf]lhdsf] gubL /l;b

sf6g'k5{ / klxnf] k|lt h;n] /sd a'emfpF5 p;}nfO{ lbg'k5{ .

-#_ r]s, a}ª\s 8«fkm\6 jf On]S6«f]lgs 6«fGkm/dfkm{t /sd k|fKt ePdf cg';"rL @ adf]lhdsf]

e/kfO n]vL ;DalGwtnfO{ lbg'k5{ . pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] lbg] /l;b jf e/kfOdf pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf]

5fk clgjfo{ nufpg'k5{ .

!!= pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf k|fKt /sdsf] cfDbfgL afWg] -!_ lbgel/ k|fKt /sdsf] lx;fa ldnfg u/L

To;sf] cfDbfgL afWg'k5{ . To:tf] cfDbfgL cg';"rL # adf]lhdsf] uf]:jf/f efpr/df afWg'k5{ .

7

-@_ cfDbfgLsf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ agfpg'k5{ . cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf nflu rflxg] cfjZos

kl/df0fsf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ 5fkfvfgf jf :6]zg/L k;naf6 vl/b u/L sfof{nodf /flv/fVg'k5{ .

-#_ gub cfDbfgLnfO{ cg';"rL $ df lbPsf] pbfx/0f ! / !) cg';f/ uf]:jf/f efpr/df

agfO{, cfDbfgL afFwL ;f] efpr/;fy gubL /l;bsf] bf];|f] k|lt klg ;+nUg /fVg'k5{ .

-$_ uf]:jf/f efpr/df pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ s] jfkt -h:t} jg k}bfjf/ laqmL, ;b:otf z'Ns,

b08 hl/jfgf, cg'bfg cflb_ cfDbfgL ePsf] xf] < ;f] hgfO{ pQm cfDbfgL zLif{ssf] cg';"rL %

df lbOPsf] cfDbfgL ;|f]tsf] ;ª\s]t;d]t pNn]v u/L 8]la6 / qm]l86 u/L cfDbfgLsf] ljj/0f

/fVg'k5{ .

!@= gub vftf v8f ug]{ / gub sf/f]jf/sf] b}lgs ljj/0f hgfpg] M -!_ gub sf/f]jf/nfO{

Jojl:yt ug{ cg';"rL & adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf Ps gub vftf -/lhi6/_ v8f ug{'k5{ .

-@_ pQm vftfdf pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] u/]sf] gub cfDbfgL, a}ª\s bflvnf / gub vr{ kf]l:6Ë

ug'{k5{ / To;}cg';f/ lx;fa klg ldnfg ub}{hfg'k5{ .

!#= pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf k|fKt /sdsf] a}ª\s bflvnf / cfDbfgL afWg] M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf

cfDbfgL ePsf] gub ;se/ rfF8f] -a9Ldf & lbgleq_ ;DalGwt a}ª\sdf vf]lnPsf] ;d"xsf]

vftfdf bflvnf u/L To;sf] ef}r/ ;d"xsf] sfof{nodf cfDbfgL afFWgsf nflu ;'/lIft /fVg'k5{ .

-@_ To;}u/L s'g} ;+:yfaf6 r]s, a}ª\s 8fkm\6 k|fKt eP klg a}ª\sdfkm{t ;Íng ug{ nufO{

pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] vftfdf hDdf ug]{ u/L a}ª\s efpr/ k|fKt ug'{k5{ .

-#_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfof{noaf6 a}ª\s /x]sf] :yfg k'Ug Ps lbg jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;do

nfUg] ePdf /sd lxgfldgf gx'g] Joj:yf ldnfO{ gub} cfDbfgL afFwL Ps dlxgfleq a}ª\s

bflvnf ug{'kg]{5 .

-$_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf k|fKt ePsf] gub cfDbfgLsf] cg';"rL $ pbfx/0f ! cg';f/ uf]:jf/f

ef}r/ p7fpg'k5{ . To;}u/L ;f] /sd a}ª\s bflvnf u/L cg';"rL $ pbfx/0f @ / * cg';f/ csf]{

uf]:jf/f efpr/dfkm{t a}ª\s bflvnf b]vfO{ ;DalGwt a}ª\ssf] efpr/ gTyL u/L /fVg'k5{ .

To;}u/L r]s, a}ª\s 8«fkm\6 klg ;a} a}ª\s bflvnf u/L a}ª\ssf] efpr/ k|fKt ePkl5 a]Un}

uf]:jf/f efpr/dfkm{t a}ª\s bflvnf b]vfO{ ;DalGwt a}ª\s bflvnf efpr/ gTyL u/L /fVg'k5{ .

!$= cfDbfgL vftf /fVg] M pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf h'g;'s} ;|f]taf6 cfDbfgL ePklg To;sf] efpr/

p7fO{ cfDbfgL afFw]kZrft\ cg';"rL * sf] 9fFrfdf cfDbfgL vftf v8f u/L To;df cfDbfgL

hgfpg' k5{ . cfDbfgL zLif{ssf] juL{s/0fcg';f/ 5'§f5'§} zLif{ssf] 5'§f5'§} kfgfdf cfDbfgLsf]

clen]v /fVg'k5{ .

8

kl/R5]b %

w/f}6L;DaGwL Joj:yf

!%= w/f}6Ljfkt k|fKt /sdsf] n]vf M-!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] cfGtl/s vkt, lhNnf jg k}bfjf/

cfk"lt{ ;ldlt tyf lhNnfleq laqmL u/L a9L ePsf] sf7nufotsf jg k}bfjf/ jf cGo lhG;L

;fdfg cflbnfO{ lnnfd laqmL ubf{ lnnfddf ;xefuL x'g] JolQm, kmd{, sDklg jf pBf]un]

;"rgfsf] ;t{cg';f/ ;sf/jfnfn] /fVg'kg]{ w/f}6L /sd gub k|fKt ePdf gubL /l;b sf6L jf

a}+s ef}rf/ k|fKt eP cg';"rL $ sf] pbfx/0f % sf] 9fFrfdf a]Un} uf]:jf/f efpr/ p7fO{ cg';"rL

( cg';f/sf] w/f}6L vftfdf cfDbfgL afWg'k5{ . To;}u/L pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] jg ljsf; / jg

k}bfjf/ ;ª\sng;DaGwL sfo{ 7]Ssfdf nufpFbf klg k|fKt w/f}6LnfO{ a]Un} ef}r/ p7fO{ w/f}6L

vftfdf cfDbfgL afWg'k5{ .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] w/f}6Lsf nflu a}ª\sdf a]Un} vftf gvf]nL Pp6} vftfaf6 sfo{

;~rfng ug{'k5{ .

!^= w/f}6L lkmtf{ ug]{ M -!_ jg k}bfjf/ lnnfdsf] ;"rgfcg';f/ lnnfd ;sf/ u/L

saf]ncg';f/ ;Dk"0f{ /sd bflvnf u/L jg k}bfjf/ p7fO{ w/f}6L /fv]sf] k|of]hg ;dfKt ePkl5

To:tf] w/f}6L ;DalGwt JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] dfuadf]lhd lkmtf{ lbg'k5{ jf ;f] w/f}6L /sdnfO{

df]ndf hf]8L ;b/:ofxf klg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ To;}u/L pkef]Qmf ;d"xaf6 jg ljsf; / jg k}bfjf/ ;Íng;DaGwL sfo{ 7]Ssfdf nufpFbf

;f] sfo{ ug{ pko'Qm eO{ 5gf}6 ePsf] JolQm jf ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] sfo{ ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg

u/]kl5 / jg k}bjf/ ;Íngsf] xsdf clGtd hfFr u/]kl5 To:tf] w/f}6L efpr/ p7fO{ lkmtf{

vr{ n]Vg'k5{ .

!&= w/f}6L hkmt ug]{ M h'g sfdjfkt w/f}6L /flvPsf] xf] ;f] sfo{ k"/f gu/] cyf{t\ 7]Ssfdf

lnPsf] pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ljsf; jf jg k}bfjf/ ;ª\sngh:tf sfo{ gu/]sf] jf aLrdf 5f]8L

uPsf] jf lnnfddf lnPsf] jg k}bfjf/sf] ;dodf /sd bflvnf gu/]sf] cj:yfdf JolQm, kmd{,

sDklg jf pBf]un] /fv]sf] w/f}6L tf]lsPsf] cjlw leq jf ;f] gtf]lsPsf] eP () lbg kl5 hkmt

u/L ;b/:ofxf u/L pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] vftfdf cfDbfgL hgfpg'k5{ . t/ o;/L w/f}6L hkmt

ug'{clw ;DalGwtnfO{ hgfp lbg'kg]{5 .

9

kl/R5]b ^

:jLs[t ah]6 vr{ ug]{ / vr{ n]Vg] sfo{ljlw

!*= :jLs[t ah]6af6 vr{ ug]{ M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] ug]{ vr{ ;d"xsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6

:jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] clwgdf /xL ug'{k5{ .

-@_ ;d'xsf] :jLs[t jh]6 vr{ ug]{ tyf jflif{s sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ u/fpg] d"n lhDd]jf/L

cWoIfsf] x'g]5 .

!(= vr{sf] zLif{s / ;ª\s]t /fVg] M cfDbfgLh:t} tnsf h'g;'s} zLif{sdf vr{ ubf{ klg vr{sf]

ef}r/ p7fO{ cg';"rL ^ df lbOPsf] juL{s/0fcg';f/sf] ;ª\s]t gDa/ /fVg'k5{ .

@)= k|zf;lgs vr{ M -!_ sfof{no ;~rfng;Fu ;DalGwt vr{x¿ h:t} sd{rf/Lx¿sf] tna,

eQf, pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lsf nflu a}7s jf cGo eQf, e|d0f eQf, 3/ef8f, lah'nL,

kfgL, :6]zg/L, ;~rf/, cf}hf/nufotsf cGo;/;dfg, kmlg{r/, ;/;kmfO, Ifltk"lt{, ;xof]u,

cg'bfg cflb o;cGtu{t /fVg'k5{ . t/ jg x]/fn' / g;{/L gfOs]sf] Hofnf o;cGtu{t g/fvL jg

;+/If0f / jg ljsf; vr{cGtu{t /fVg'k5{ .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|zf;lgs zLif{sx¿df vr{ ubf{ uf]:jf/f efpr/ p7fO{, vr{sf]

zLif{s / ;ª\s]t gDa/ pNn]v u/L cg';"rL $ sf] pbfx/0f #, $, ^, (, !!, !@, !# / !$

adf]lhd 8]la6 qm]l86sf] ljj/0f /fVg'k5{ . pQm efpr/;fy vr{sf] aLn jf e/kfO klg clgjfo{

;+nUg /fVg'k5{ .

-#_ pk–bkmf -@_ adf]lhd uf]:jf/f efpr/ v8f u/]kl5 ;f]xL /sd a/fa/sf] ;DalGwt JolQm

jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf r]s sf6\g'k5{ . r]s h;sf] gfddf sfl6Psf] xf] p;}nfO{ a'emfO{ efpr/ /

r]ssf] cws§Ldf b:tvt u/fO{ /fVg'k5{ . r]ssf] k5fl8 sfnf] d;Ldf clÍt ;d"xsf] 5fk klg

clgjfo{ nufpg'k5{ .

-$_ s'g} pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfof{no ef8fdf /x]sf] eP jf cGo s'g} k|of]hgsf nflu 3/ jf

sf]7f ef8fdf lnOPsf] eP pQm ejg jf sf]7fx¿sf] dfl;s ef8f 3/wgLnfO{ e'QmfgL ubf{

lgodfg';f/ s'n dfl;s ef8f /sdsf] !) k|ltzt 3/ef8f s/ s§L u/L -cg';"rL $ pbfx/0f #_

afFsL /sdsf] r]sdfkm{t e'QmfgL lbg'k5{ . To;}u/L k|];df s'g} kmf/d, Kof8, /lhi6/ jf Sofn]08/

10

cflb 5kfO ubf{ ?=!) xhf/eGbf a9Lsf] Eof6 aLn k|fKt u/L e'QmfgLdf !=% k|ltzt s/ s6\6L

ug'{k5{ .

-%_ s/s§L /sd cg';"rL $ pbfx/0f $ cg';f/sf] 9fFrfdf vr{ n]vL ;DalGwt cfGtl/s

/fh:j sfof{nodf nuL ;DalGwt /fh:j zLif{sdf ef}r/ e/L a}ª\s bflvnf ug]{ / cws§L

ef}r/;fy gTyL u/L /fVg'k5{ .

@! jg Joj:yfkg;DaGwL sfo{ ;~rfng vr{ M -!_ o;cGtu{t ;fd'bflos jg ljsf;

sfo{qmdsf] dfu{bz{g, @)&! sf] cg';"rL & leq pNn]v ul/Psf jg ;+/If0f sfo{x¿, e"–;+/If0f

sfo{x¿, jg ljsf; sfo{x¿ jg ;Da4{g sfo{x¿, jg ;b'kof]u sfo{x¿ / cfod"ns sfo{x¿sf]

vr{ kb{5g\ .

-@_ plNnlvt zLif{sx¿sf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{'k"j{ k|To]s sfo{qmdsf] a]Unfa]Un} jg tyf

e"– ;+/If0f dGqfnon] hf/L u/]sf] :6fG88{ gd{;\cg';f/ slDtdf jg lj1fgdf k|lj0ftf k|df0fkq

xfl;n u/]sf jg k|fljlwsaf6 nut Oli6d]6 agfpg nufO{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o u/fO{

cWoIfn] :jLs[t u/]sf] x'g'k5{ .

-#_ pk–bkmf ! df pNn]v ePsf jg Joj:yfkg;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿sf] sfof{Gjog pkef]Qmf

;ldltsf] lg0f{on] 7]Ssfdfkm{t jf s'g} cg'ejL JolQmnfO{ k]:sL lbO{ cdfgtaf6 ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/

pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Ln] eg] To:tf] sfo{ ug'{ x'Fb}g .

@@= ljkGgju{nfO{ nlIft hLljsf]kfh{g sfo{qmd ;~rfng vr{ M -!_ o;cGtu{t ljkGg

dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L / hghfltsf] pTyfgsf nflu ul/g] l;nfO{ a'gfO tflnd, s'v'/f, awF'jf

afv|f tyf aFu'/ kfngf, df}/L kfng, lrp/L tyf t/sf/L v]tL, v'b|f k;n, h8La'6L v]tLh:tf

sfo{qmdsf nflu C0f, cg'bfg jf ;xof]u k|bfg cflb kb{5g\ .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ C0f, cg'bfg jf ;xof]u k|bfg ug'{clw

;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] dfu{bz{g, @)&! sf] cg';"rL !# adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf ;Demf}tf

u/]sf] Ps k|lt ;DalGwt uf]ZJf/f ef}r/l;t gTyL ug'[{k5{ . o; cltl/Qm ;DalGwtnfO{ /sd

a'em]kl5 efpr/df / r]sdf b:tvt u/fpg'k5{ .

11

@#= cGo ljsf; sfo{;~rfng vr{ M -!_ o;cGtu{t ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{qmdsf]

dfu{bz{g, @)&! sf] cg';"rL & leq pNn]v ul/Psf ;+:yfut ljsf;, ;fd'bflos ljsf; /

tflnd uf]li7 cflb sfo{x¿sf] vr{ kb{5g\ .

-@_ oL zLif{sx¿sf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{'k"j{ ;Dej eP;Dd k|To]s sfo{qmdsf] ;DalGwt

ljifosf] k|fljlws jf ;xhstf{af6 a]Unf a]Un} nut Oli6d]6 agfpg nufO{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf

lg0f{o u/fO{ cWoIfn] :jLs[t u/]sf] x'g'k5{ . nut Oli6d]6 agfpg gkg]{ sfo{qmdsf] xsdf sfo{

;ldltaf6 nufgL vr{sf] ;Ldf tf]lsg'k5{ .

-#_ pk–bkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ lbOg] k]:sL ;DalGwt uf]:jf/f

efpr/;Fu Oli6d]6 ;+nUg /fvL r]s jf /sd a'em\g]sf] b:tvt jf e/kfO u/fO/fVg'k5{ .

To;}u/L ;f]em} vr{ n]Vg'kbf{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnkL ef}r/ ;+nUg u/L /sd a'em]sf]

e/kfO{ uf]:jf/f efpr/;fy /fVg'k5{ .

@$= vr{sf] vftf /fVg] M pkef]Qmf ;d"xaf6 h'g;'s} zLif{sdf vr{ ePklg To;sf] efpr/

p7fO{ vr{ n]v]kl5 cg';"rL !) sf] 9fFrfdf vr{sf] vftf v8f u/L To;df vr{ hgfpg'k5{ . vr{

hgfpFbf 5'§f5'§} zLif{ssf] 5'§f5'§} kfgfdf vr{sf] clen]v /fVg'k5{ .

12

kl/R5]b &

k]:sL lbg] / k]ZsL km5\of}{6;DaGwL Joj:yf

@%= k]:sL lbg] M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] k|zf;lgs, jg Joj:yfkg, cGo ljsf; sfo{, k/fdz{

;]jf k|fKt ug{ jf cGo cfjZos x'g] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ ;d"xsf pkef]Qmf, sfd 7]Ssfdf lng]

JolQm, kmd{, sDklg jf ;+:yf jf k/fdz{bftf cflbnfO{ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] /sd k]:sL lbg ;lsg]5

. t/ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ eg] k|zf;lgs sfo{afx]s cGo sfdsf nflu k]ZsL

lbO{ sfd nufpg' x'Fb}g .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhd s;}nfO{ k]:sL lbFbf plNnlvt s'g sfdsf] nflu s] slt /sd

lbg'kg]{ xf] ;f] v'n]sf] lgj]bg / pQm lgj]bg;fy sfo{ cfb]z jf ;Demf}tf eP ;f];d]t dfu

ug'[{k5{ . lgj]bgdf pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] cWoIfsf] tf]s -k]:sL lbg] cfb]z_ nufpg'k5{ .

-#_ pk–bkmf -@_ adf]lhd k]:sL lbg uf]:jf/f efpr/ p7fpFbf -cg';"rL $ pbfx/0f ^ /

pbfx/0f ( _ lgj]bg, ;Demf}tf jf sfo{ cfb]z ;+nUg /fVg'k5{ / r]s jf gub lbFbf ;DalGwt

efpr/df /sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd, /sd pNn]v u/L b:tvt u/fpg'k5{ . r]s a'em\g] JolQmsf]

b:tvt r]ssf] cws6\6Ldf klg u/fpg'k5{ .

-$_ pk–bkmf -#_ adf]lhd s'g} sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ s;}nfO{ Ps k6s k]:sL lbPkl5 ;f]xL

JolQmnfO{ k'/fgf] sfo{ km5\of}{6 geP;Dd jf sfdsf] ;Gtf]ifhgs k|ult k|ltj]bg k|fKt geP;Dd

yk k]:sL lbg'x'Fb}g .

@^= k]:sL vftf /fVg] M -!_ s;}nfO{ s'g} sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ clu|d ¿kdf s]xL /sd k|bfg

ul/Pdf cg';"rL !! sf] 9fFrfdf k]:sL vftf v8f u/L k]:sL lng] k|To]s JolQmsf] 5'§f 5'§} kfgfdf

sfd / k]:sL /sdsf] nut /fVg'k5{ .

-@_ sfd ;DkGg eO{ ;f]df nfu]sf] vr{sf] lan e/kfO / cGo k|df0f k]z u/L k]:sL k5\of}{6

ePkl5 k'gM o;} vftfdf r9fO{ lx;fa /fkm;fkm ug'{k5{ .

@&= k]:sL km5\of}{6 ug]{ M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] s;}nfO{ k]:sL lbFbf k]ZsL /sd sfdsf] k|s[lt

x]/L ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]s ;f]xL cfly{s jif{df km5\of}{6 ug]{ u/L pknAw

u/fpg'k5{ .

-@_ k]:sL nfg] JolQm ,kmd{, sDklg jf ;+:yfn] p;nfO{ ;d"xn] lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f u/]kl5

13

cyf{t\ ;fdfg vl/bsf] nflu k]:sL uPsf] eP tf]lsPsf] ;fdfgx¿ aLn;lxt k|fKt ePkl5 jf

jg ljsf;;DaGwL sfo{ eP gfk hfFr eO{ sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 jf jg k}bfjf/

;ª\sng;DaGwL -?v s6fg, d'5fg, 9'jfgL / 3f6u2L;d]t_ eP ;f] sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 k]:sL

k5\of}{6 u/L e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{ eP e'QmfgL;d]t lbg'k5{ -cg';"rL $ sf] pbfx/0f !#_ . o;/L

e'QmfgL lbFbf JolQm eP !% k|ltzt / d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf] ;+:yf eP !=% k|ltzt

s/s§L;d]t ug'{k5{ .

-#_ e'QmfgLsf nflu k|fKt k|df0fx¿ vf;u/L aLn e/kfOx¿sf] k5fl8 k]zug]{sf] b:tvt

u/fpg'k5{ .

-$_ pkef]QmfnfO{ ljsf; sfo{ ;~rfng ubf{ HofdLdfq nufpg'kg]{ ePdf lhNnfdf ;f] sfo{sf]

nflu tf]lsPsf] b/leq /xL e'QmfgL lbO{ cg';"rL !@ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf 8f]/ xflh/L kmf/ddf

e/kfO k]z ug{ nufpg'k5{ .

14

kl/R5]b *

ljsf; sfdsf] /]vb]v, gfk hfFr / sfo{;DkGg k|ltj]bg

@*= ljsf; sfdsf] /]vb]v M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xaf6 ul/g] jg ;+/If0f, jg ;Da4{g jf jg

;b'kof]unufot ;+:yfut ljsf; sfo{ ;~rfng x'Fbf pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] sfdsf] /]vb]v ug'[{k5{ .

o;f] ubf{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] cfjZostfcg';f/ ;DalGwt ljifosf] k|fljlws;d]t ;dfj]z u/L

;ldltsf ;b:ox¿ jf pkef]QmfdWo]af6 Ps 6f]nL u7g u/L v6fpg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ 6f]nL jf pkef]Qmf ;ldltaf6 lg/LIf0fsf] qmddf lkmN8df ;Dkfbg eO/x]sf] sfddf st}

s'g} q'6L b]v]df ;f] sfo{nfO{ ;dodf g} ;Rofpg lhDdf lng] JolQmnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg'k5{ .

-#_ jg;DaGwL k|fljlws sfo{ ePdf Onfsf jg sfof{no;Fu ;Dks{ u/L jg k|fljlwsf]

;xof]u lng'kg]{5 . ;d"xaf6 k|fljlws ;xof]usf nflu dfu ePdf Onfsf jg sfof{non] ;Sbf]

;xof]u pknAw u/fpg'kg]{5 .

@(= sfdsf] gfk hfFr / sfo{;DkGg k|ltj]bg M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] s'g} sfo{ ug{ lhDdf

lng] JolQm, kmd{, sDklg jf ;+:yfn] cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfdsf] dfl;s k|ult pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf

a'emfpg'kg]{5 / sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 sfdsf] gfk hfFrsf] nflu lnlvt cg'/f]w ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ cg';f/ lnlvt cg'/f]w k|fKt ePkl5 ;se/ rfF8f] 6f]nL jf k|fljlws v6fO{

sfdsf] gfk hfFr ul/lbg'k5{ . sfdsf] gfk hfFrsf nflu ;fwf/0ftof & lbg eGbf a9L nufpg'

x'Fb}g . sfdsf] gfk hfFr cg';"rL !# cg';f/sf] 9fFrfdf ul/lbg'k5{ .

-#_ pkef]Qmf ;d"x;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tfdf sfd lhDdf lng] JolQm jf ;+:yfn] ls:tfdf e'QmfgL

kfpg] u/L pNn]v ePdf ;f]xLcg';f/ gfk hfFr ub}{ e'QmfgL lbFb} hfg'k5{ . cGoyf sfd ;DkGg

ePkl5 gfkL lstfa -cg';"rL !#_ / sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg -cg';"rL !$_ k|fKt ePkl5

;Demf}tfcg';f/ e'QmfgL lbg'k5{ .

-$_ sfo{;DkGg k|ltj]bg ;se/ k|fljlwsaf6 lng'k5{ .

15

kl/R5]b (

pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut, ;+/If0f / a/a'emf/y

#)= ;DklQsf] lhDdf To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfof{nodf /x]sf] gub,

a}ª\s df}hbft, r]s / cfDbfgL / vr{;Fu ;DalGwt cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf ;Dk"0f{ ;]|:tf sf]iffWoIf jf

n]vfsf] sfdug{ lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . To;}u/L lhG;L dfn;fdfg tyf To;;DaGwL

;|]:tf ;lrjsf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhd lhDdf /x]sf pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ;DklQsf] lxgfldgf gx'g] u/L

nut ;|]:tf;lxt To;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ st{Jo To:tf] ;DklQ lhDdf lng] JolQmsf] x'g]5 . lhDdf

lnPsf] ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f eO/x]sf] jf gePsf] /]vb]v ug]{ lhDdf cWoIfsf] x'g]5 .

#!= lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] nut /fVg] M -!_ ;lrjn] pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfof{nodf /x]sf] /

vl/b u/L jf gu/L jf s'g} k|sf/n] x:tfGt/0f eO{ jf j:t'ut ;xfotf jf cGo s'g} k|sf/af6

k|fKt x'g cfPsf lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f / d"No;d]t v'nfO{ cg';"rL !% -s_ jf cg';"rL

!% -v_ adf]lhsf] 9fFrfsf] lhG;L vftf v8f u/L bflvnf ePsf] & lbgleq cfDbfgL afFwL ;|]:tf

cBfjlws u/L /fVg'k5{ .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf lhG:fL dfn;fdfgx¿ s] s:tf k|s[ltsf x'g\ < cyf{t\ vr{ x'g]

;fdfg jf vr{ gx'g] ;fdfg s] x'g\ < 5'6\ofO{ a]Unf–a]Un} lhG;L vftfdf r9fO{ clen]v /fVg'k5{ .

;fwf/0ftof Psaif{;Dd vKg] ;fdfgnfO{ vr{ x'g] ;fdfgcGtu{t / Ps jif{eGbf a9L vKg]

;fdfgnfO{ vr{ gx'g] ;fdfg cGtu{t /fVg'k5{ . vr{ x'g] ;fdfgdf sfhu, snd, d;L, n]6/Kof8,

uf]Zjf/f efpr/, ljleGg lsl;dsf kmf/dx¿, vfnL kmfon, :6]Kn/ / ;f]sf] lkg, 6r{, 5ftf,

/]gsf]6, sfF6L, lsnf cflb kb{5g\ . To;}u/L vr{ gx'g] ;fdfgx¿df leQ] 38L, Sofns'n]6/,

lstfa, kl~rË d]lzg, r]s /fO6/, s';L{, 6]a'n, b/fh, ;f]kmf, vf6, sDo"6/, Nofj6k, l:nlkË

Jofu, jg ;+/If0f, ljsf; / Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt cf}hf/x¿, ;jf/L ;fwg, ejg cflb .

#@= 3/ hUufsf] nut M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] lghL gDa/L hUuf vl/b u/L To;df ;d"xsf]

sfof{no agfPsf] eP To:tf] hUufsf] cfDbfgL afFwL hUufwlg k|df0fk"hf{ ;'/lIft /fVg'k5{ .

-@_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] jg P]g ljkl/t jg If]qleq ejg v8f ug{ / To;nfO{ s'g} tl/sfn]

gfkLdf btf{ ug{ tyf dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 hUufwlg k|df0fk"hf{ agfpg eg] kfOg]5}g .

16

##= a/a'emf/y ug]{ M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ljwfgcg';f/ ;fwf/0f ;efn] gofF pkef]Qmf

;ldlt rog u/]kl5 k'/fgf] pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] -vf;u/]/ sf]iffWoIf, ;lrj / cWoIfn]_ gofF

pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{ cfkm'n] ;+/If0f ul/cfPsf] ;fd'bflos jg, cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf ePsf gub,

r]s, n]vf;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;|]:tf, lhG;L / ;f]sf] ;|]:tf tyf 6fFrf cflb gofF pkef]Qmf ;ldltn]

sfo{ ;'? u/]sf] !% lbgleq clgjfo{ ¿kdf a'emfpg'k5{ . pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] 6fFrf eg] h:fsf]

lhDdf /x] klg # lbg leq clgjfo{ a'emfpg'kg]{5 .

-@_ cfFkm'n] ;+/If0f ul/cfPsf] ;fd'bflos jg gofF pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{ lhDdf nufpFbf jgsf]

rf/ lsNnf, jgsf] ;fwf/0f cj:yf, jgdf ;~rflnt ljsf; tyf cGo ultljlwx¿, cltqmd0f

eP ;f]sf] l:ylt cflbsf af/]df ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fO a/a'emf/y ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ pk–bkmf -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ubf{ cg';"rL !^ adf]lhdsf] kmf/d e/L n]vf tyf

lhG;L -6fFrf;d]t_ ;DaGwL ;|]:tfsf #–# k|lt tof/ u/L a/a'emf/y ug{'k5{ . o;/L tof/

ul/Psf # k|ltdWo] Ps k|lt a'em\g]n], Ps k|lt a'emfpg]n] / Ps k|lt sfof{nodf gofF / k'/fgf

b'a} cWoIfx¿n] k|dfl0ft u/L /fVg'k5{ .

-$_ ljz]if cj:yfdf afx]s tf]lsPsf] ;dodf a/a'emf/y gug]{ k'/fgf pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf

;DalGwt kbflwsf/LnfO{ gofF pkef]Qmf ;ldltsfn] klxnf] k6s ? !))).– hl/jfgf u/L 6fFrf @

lbgleq / cGo ;/;fdfgsf] xsdf csf]{ & lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ a/a'emf/y ug{ lgb]{zg lbg]5 .

tf]lsPsf] bf];|f] Dofbleq klg ga'emfP ?= %))).– hl/jfgf u/L clGtd k6s 6fFrfsf] xsdf !

lbg / cGo ;|]:tf a'emfpg # lbgsf] Dofb lbg'kg]{5 . ;f] Dofbleq klg a/a'emf/y gu/] ;d"xsf]

;DklQ lxgfldgfdf sf/jfxL ul/lbg lhNnf jg sfof{nodfkm{t lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf cg'/f]w

ug'{k5{ .

-%_ o;}u/L pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'/fgf] pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] ;DalGwt kbflwsf/Ln] gofF

pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] ;DalGwt kbflwsf/LnfO{ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] 6fFrf, gub, r]s, n]vf;DaGwL

;Dk"0f{ ;|]:tf jf lhG;L / ;f]sf] ;|]:tf a/a'emf/y ug{ vf]Hbf gofF pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf ;DalGwt

kbflwsf/Ln] a'em\g cfn6fn u/]df lghnfO{ gofF pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] klxnf] k6s ?= !))).– /

bf];|f] k6s ?= %))).– hl/jfgf u/L a'em\g cfb]z lbg'k5{ . bf];|f] k6s klg ga'em] ;f] ;|]:tf

cWoIfn] a'emL k'/fgf] pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/LnfO{ 5'6\sf/f lbO{ a'em\g gdfGg] gofF pkef]Qmf

;ldltsf ;DalGwt kbflwsf/LnfO{ lgnDag u/L csf]{ JolQm dgf]gog ul/lbg pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]

lg0f{o;fy ;fwf/0f ;efnfO{ cg'/f]w ug'[k5{ .

17

kl/R5]b !)

jg k}bfjf/ / cGo dfn;fdfgsf] laqmL

#$= jg k}bfjf/sf] laqmL ljt/0f k|lqmof M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfo{of]hgfcg';f/ ;fd'bflos

jgsf] Joj:yfkg ubf{ jflif{s ¿kdf pTkfbg x'g] jg k}bfjf/x¿sf] laqmL ljt/0f ;d"xsf] ljwfg,

sfo{of]hgf / jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnon] hf/L u/]sf] ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf7÷bfp/f ;Íng /

laqmL ljt/0f lgb]{lzsf, @)&! cg';f/ ug'{k5{ .

-@_ pTkflbt jg k}bfjf/dWo] sf7 / bfp/fsf] xsdf ;j{k|yd cfGtl/s vktsf] nflu laqmL

ljt/0f ug'{k5{ . cfGtl/s vkt u/L art x'g] kl/df0fdfq pkef]Qmf ;d"x aflx/ laqmL ug'{k5{ .

o;/L pkef]Qmf ;d"x aflx/ ul/g] laqmLdWo] slDtdf @% k|ltzt sf7 / $) k|ltzt bfp/f

lhNNnfdf ;~rflnt lhNnf jg k}bfjf/ cfk"lt{ ;ldltnfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .

-#_ lhNnf jg k}bfjf/ cfk"lt{ ;ldlt gePsf lhNnfx¿df pk–bkmf -@_ sf] kl/df0f a/fj/

sf7 bfp/f pTkfbg gx'g] l5d]sL ;d"xdf laqmL u/L afFsL /x]sf] kl/df0f lhNnf leq / lhNnf

aflx/ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu sf7 / bfp/f laqmL ljt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu laqmL ubf{ ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf7÷bfp/f ;Íng / laqmL ljt/0f

lgb]{lzsf, @)&! cg';/0f ug'{kg]{5 .

-$_ To;}u/L h8La'6Lnufot cGo u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ klg cfGtl/s vkt k"/f u/L pkef]Qmf

;d"x aflx/ laqmL ug'{k5{ . laqmL ubf{ cg';"rL !#-v_ cg';f/ d'r'Nsfsf] cfwf/df d"No lng'k5{ .

#%= jg k}bfjf/sf] df]n M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xleq cfGtl/s vktsf] nflu laqmL ljt/0f x'g] sfi7

tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] df]n pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ljwfg jf sfo{of]hgfn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-@_ lhNnf jg k}bfjf/ cfk"lt{ ;ldltnfO{ laqmL ul/g] sf7 / bfp/fsf] df]n jg lgodfjnL,

@)%! sf] cg';"rL @ df pNn]v ePsf] Go"gtd\ d"Nodf s6fg, d'5fg, 9'jfgL / cGo cTofjZos

vr{;d]t hf]8L sfod x'g cfpg] d"Nodf lbg'kg]{5 . t/ plNnlvt ;a} d"No hf]8\bf pkef]Qmf

;d"xn] cfGtl/s vktsf] nflu pkef]QmfnfO{ ljwfg jf sfo{of]hgfdf lgwf{/0f u/]sf] d"NoeGbf

sd x'g] 5}g . To;}u/L l5d]sL ;d"xsf pkef]Qmfsf nflu klg d"No sfod ug{'kg]{5 .

-#_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xaflx/ Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf] nflu laqmL ul/g] sf7 / bfp/f lhNnf jg

sfof{nosf] ;xdlt k|fKt u/L pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] :yfgLo ahf/ efp;d]tsf] cfwf/df ;/sf/L

18

/fh:j b/df g36\g] u/L Go"gtd d"No tf]sL lnnfd a9fa9 k|lqmofaf6 laqmL ul/g] x'Fbf h;sf]

gfddf laqmL ;b/ x'G5 p;n] saf]n u/]cg';f/sf] d"No sfod x'G5 . pQm d"Nodf sf7sf] xsdf

lgodfg';f/ nfUg] d"No clej[l4 s/ -Eof6_ ;d]t hf]l8G5 .

-$_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xaf6 lnnfddf sf7 vl/b ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfn] sf7df nfUg]

lgodfg';f/sf] d"No clej[l4 s/ ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nodf bflvnf u/L ;f]sf]

efpr/ k]z ug'{k5{ .

#^= laqmLsf] nut /fVg] M pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] pTkfbg u/]sf] jg k}bfjf/dWo] s] slt cfGtl/s

¿kdf vkt eof], slt lhNnf jg k}bfjf/ cfk"lt{ ;ldltnfO{ laqmL ul/of], s] slt l5d]sL

;d"xdf laqmL ul/of] / s] slt pkef]Qmf ;d"x aflx/ lnnfd eof] ;a}sf] oyfy{ tYofÍ 5'§} laqmL

vftf v8f u/L To;df r9fO{ /fVg'k5{ .

#&= cGo lhG;L ;fdfgsf] lnnfd laqmL M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf nfdf] ;do;Dd k|of]udf cfO{

sfddf gcfpg], 6'6km'6 eO{ a]sDdf ePsf / k'gM dd{t gx'g] egL ls6fg ePsf lhG;L

dfn;fdfgx¿ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o u/fO{ laqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ s'g} d]lzg/L cf}hf/, ;jf/L ;fwg -;fOsn, 3f]8fafx]s_ rfn" xfntsf] eP klg k'/fgf] df]8n,

To;sf] :k]o/ kf6{k"hf{sf] cefj tyf dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfngdf a9L vr{ nfUg] b]lvPdf

d]sflgsn OlGhlgo/sf] /fo lnO{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ laqmL

ug{;Sg]5 .

#*= lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] laqmL k|lqmof M -!_ ?= Ps nfv eGbf sd d"NofÍg ePsf] ;fdfgsf]

xsdf cg';"rL !& cg';f/sf] 9fFrfdf !% lbg] ;"rgf lnnfd ul/g] ldlt, :yfg / ;do pNn]v

u/L :yfgLo klqsfdf k|sflzt ug]{ / lnnfddf ;xefuL x'g cfpg]nfO{ 8fFs a9fa9 ug{

nufpg'k5{ .

-@_ 8fFs a9fa9df slDtdf @ hgf x'g cfjZos 5 . ;f]eGbf sd ;xefuL ePdf 8fFs

a9fa9 gu/L k'gM csf]{ ;"rgf k|sflzt ug'{k5{ .

-#_ 8fFs a9fa9 x'Fbf Go"gtd d"Noaf6 ;'? u/L h:fsf] af]nL ;a}eGbf a9L x'G5 To;}sf]

gfpFdf laqmL ;b/ ug'{k5{ .

19

-$_ # k6s lnnfdsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{ klg s;}n] ;sf/ gu/]df pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]

lg0f{on] To:tf dfn;dfgsf] nut lhG;L lstfaaf6 x6fpg'k5{ .

-%_ ?= ! nfv eGbf a9L d"NofÍg ePsf] ;fdfgsf] xsdf ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf7÷bfp/f ;Íng

/ laqmL ljt/0f lgb]{lzsf, @)&! cg';f/sf] k|lqmof cg';/0f ug'{k5{ .

#(= jg k}bfjf/ tyf cGo lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] laqmL ;b/ ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ bkmf #* sf] pk–

bkmf -#_ ad]flhd saf]n ePsf] ;fdfgsf] ?=b'O{ xhf/ kfFr ;o;Dd cWoIfn] / ;f] eGbf a9L

pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] lg0f{on] laqmL ;b/ x'g]5 . To;}u/L lnnfd ul/Psf jg k}bfjf/x¿sf] laqmL

ug]{ clwsf/ pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf x'g]5 .

-@_ laqmL ePsf] dfn;fdfgsf] vl/bstf{af6 pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf /sd k|fKt ePkl5 vl/bstf{af6

laqmL ePsf] ;fdfg a'em]sf] e/kfO{ lnO{ To:tf] ;fdfgsf] lhG;L vftfaf6 nut x6fpg'k5{ . jg

k}bfjf/sf] xsdf ;d]t Tolt kl/df0f nutaf6 36fpg'k5{ .

20

kl/R5]b !!

k/fdz{ ;]jf lng];DaGwL Joj:yf

$)= k/fdz{ ;]jf lng] If]q M pke]fQmf ;d"xn] ljwfg lgdf{0f / kl/dfh{g, sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f /

kl/dfh{g, tflnd uf]i7L ;~rfng, ;fd'bflos jgsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg jf

jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg, ;fd'bflos jgleq kof{–ko{6g ;~rfng, h8La'6L v]tL, sfg'gL

k/fdz{ jf pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] cfjZos b]v]sf] cGo lqmofsnfk ;~rfng ug{ k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b

u/L lng ;Sg]5 .

$!= k|:tfj dfu ug{ sfo{;"rL - Terms of Reference_ tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ pkef]Qmf

;d"xn] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ lhNnf jg clws[tsf] ;xof]u lnO{ b]xfosf s'/f ;lxtsf] sfo{;"rL

tof/ ug'{kg]{5 M

-s_ k/fdz{bftfn] ug{'[kg]{ sfdsf] k[i7e"ld / p2]Zo

-v_ k/fdz{bftfsf] sfo{If]q / lghn] ;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{ sfd

-u_ k/fdz{bftfn] ckgfpg'kg]{ sfo{ljlw

-3_ k/fdz{bftfn] sfd ;'? ug]{ / ;Dkfbg ul/;Sg'kg]{ ;do

-ª_ k/fdz{bftf / ;+nUg ljz]if1x¿sf] of]Uotf

-r_ k/fdz{bftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ k|ltj]bg, tYofÍ, gS;f, ;j]{If0f k|ltj]bg cflb .

-@_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] k/fdz{ ;]jf k|fKt ug{sf nflu cg';"rL !* sf] gd'gfsf] cfwf/df

sfo{;"rL tof/ ug'[{k5{ .

$@= k|:tfj dfu ug]{ M ?= ! nfveGbf a9Lsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f jf jftfj/0fLo

k|efj d"NofÍg;DaGwL k|:tfjsf nflu cg';"rL !( -s_ tyf jg ;j]{If0f / sfo{ of]hgf

tof/L;DaGwL k|:tfjsf nflu cg';"rL !( -v_ / cGo lsl;dsf k|:tfjsf] xsdf cg';"rL !( -

u_ sf] 9fFrfdf #) lbg] Dofb lbO{ k|]; sfplG;nsf] “s” ju{df k/]sf / g]kfnel/ g} ljt/0f x'g]

nf]slk|o /fli6«o b}lgsdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L k|:tfj dfu ug'{k5{ .

21

$#= k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg M ;"rgfcg';f/ k|fKt 3l6df b'O{ k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg cWoIf, ;lrj /

lhNNnf jg clws[t jf lghn] tf]s]sf] jg clws[t ePsf] 6f]nLn] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg] ;+:yfsf

ljz]if1x¿sf] of]Uotf, sfdsf] cg'ej, k|:tfjsf] u'0f:t/ / k|:tfljt nfut vr{sf] cfwf/df

cª\s k|bfg u/L t'ngfTds rf6{ agfO{ ug]{5 . k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf nflu cª\s lbg] cfwf/

cg';"rL @) cg';f/ x'g]5 .

$$= k/fdz{ ;]jf;DaGwL k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ M hlt;'s} /sdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lng k/]

klg To;sf] :jLs[lt d"NofÍg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] ug]{5 .

$%= ;f]em} jftf{af6 ;]jf lng] s'/f to ug]{ M pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ cfjZos x'g] bkmf $)

dWo]sf s'g} ;]jf lng k/]df ? ! nfv;Ddsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o u/fO{

k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|:tfj lnO{ ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

$^= k/fdz{bftfn] :yfoL n]vf gDa/ lnPsf] x'g'kg]{ M k/fdz{bftf JolQm ePdf :yfoL n]vf

gDa/ lnPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . :yfoL n]vf gDa/ glnPsf] k/fdz{bftf;Fu k/fdz{ ;]jf lng x'Fb}g .

To;}u/L k/fdz{bftf ;+:yf eP klg To:tf] ;+:yfn] klg :yfoL n]vf gDa/ lnPsf] x'g'kg]{5 .

$&= ;]jf lngsf nflu ;Demf}tf ug]{ M k/fdz{ ;]jf lng] u/L 5gf}6 ePsf] k/fdz{bftf;Fu

;Demf}tf u/]/ dfq sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ nufpg'k5{ . k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷jftfj/0fLo

k|efj d"NofÍg ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ubf{ ug]{ ;Demf}tfsf] gd'gf cg';"rL @! cg';f/ x'g]5 . cGo

lsl;dsf] k/fdz{ ;]jfsf nflu pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] ;xof]u lnO{ ;Demf}tf

tof/ ug{;Sg]5 .

22

kl/R5]b !@

dfl;s / jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0fsf] tof/L

$*= dfl;s / jflif{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M -!_ cg';"rL * / cg';"rL !) cg';f/ v8f ul/Psf

cfDbfgL / vr{sf] vftfsf] cfwf/df n]vfsf] sfd ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] cg';"rL @@ / cg';"rL @#

9fFrfdf cfDbfgL / vr{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f tof/ u/L n]vfsf] ;|]:tfdf ;+nUg /fVg'k5{ .

-@_ dfl;s cfDbfgL vr{sf] ljj/0f tof/ ePkl5 cWoIfn] n]vfsf] sfd ug]{ kbflwsf/Laf6 k|fKt

u/L pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] dfl;s a}7sdf k]z u/L ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'k5{ /

;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Lsf nflu sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf klg 6fF; ug'{k5{ .

-#_ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePkl5 cg';"rL @$ sf] 9fFrfdf cfDbfgL vr{sf] jflif{s ljj/0f;d]t

agfO{ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f / clGtd n]vf k/LIf0fsf] nflu tof/ u/L /fVg'k5{ .

$(= a}ª\s gubL lstfa /fVg] M pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] /fv]sf] cfDbfgL / vr{sf] 7Ls 5 5}g /

;d"xsf] vftfdf s] slt /sd df}Hbft 5 olsg ug{ cg';"rL @% sf] 9fFrfdf a}ª\s vftf cyjf

a}ª\s gubL lstfa agfpg' h?/L 5 . dlxgf ;dfKt ePkl5 a}ª\s :6]6d]G6 lemsfO{ k|To]s

dlxgfsf] sf/f]jf/ le8fO{ x]g'{k5{ . a}ª\sn] b]vfPsf] / pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] /fv]sf] a}ª\s vftfsf]

lx;fa le8\g uPdf lx;fa 7Ls 5 egL hfGg ;lsG5 . lx;fa gle8]df r]shfFr u/L

;Rofpg'k5{ .

23

kl/R5]b !#

n]vfk/LIf0f tyf a]?h' c;'n km5\of}{}6

%) n]vf k/LIf0fsf nflu ;|]:tf tof/L M -!_ cfly{s jif{ el/ pkef]Qmf ;d"xaf6 ul/Psf]

cfDbfgL / vr{sf] lx;fasf] cBfjlws ;|]:tf 7Ls b'?:t /fVg] lhDd]jf/L sf]iffWoIf jf n]vfsf]

sfd ug]{ u/L tf]lsPsf] JolQmsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;|]:tf cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fsf] nflu cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf]

#) lbgleq tof/ ul/;Sg'kg]{5 .

%! cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fsf] nflu ;|]:tf tof/ ePkl5

;f] sfo{sf] nflu pkef]Qmf ;d"xåf/f lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQm jf ul7t ;ldltnfO{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltn]

cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f ul/lbg cg'/f]w ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pkef]Qmf ;ldltaf6 cg'/f]w e} cfPkl5 cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fsf] nflu pkef]Qmf ;d"xåf/f

lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQm jf ul7t ;ldltn] & lbgleq sfo{ k|f/De ul/;Sg'kg]{5 / ;se/ & lbgleq

cfkmgf] sfo{ k"/f u/L csf]{ # lbgleq pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf k|ltj]bg a'emfpg'kg]{5 .

-#_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fsf] qmddf s]xL clgoldt eP jf sdL sdhf]/Lx¿ b]lvP n]vfsf]

sfd ug]{] kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;Rofpg / ;|]tf b'?:t /fVg pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] lgb]{zg lbg'kg]{5 .

-$_ pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] n]vf /fVg] JolQmn] kfngf ug'[{k5{ .

%@= clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] M -!_] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f ePsf] ;|]:tfsf] clGtd

n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] bfloTj pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] lgo'lQm u/]sf] n]vfk/LIfsaf6 clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cflZjg dlxgfleq

u/fO;Sg'kg]{5 .

-#_ n]vf k/LIfsn] cfo–Joosf] sf/f]jf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f o; lgb]{lzsf / n]vfk/LIf0f dfg tyf

n]vf k/LIf0f;Fu ;GalGwt cGo ;j{dfGo l;4fGt tyf k|rngnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ug'[{kg]{5 .

24

%#= n]vf k/LIfssf] kfl/>lds M -!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ /lhi68{ n]vf

k/LIfssf] kfl/>lds ;fwf/0f ;efn] tf]s]cg';f/ x'g]5 . o;/L n]vf k/LIfssf] kfl/>lds tf]Sbf

;fwf/0f ;efn] n]vf k/LIfs;Fu cfk;L ;dembf/Ldf ug]{5 . ;d"xsf] cfly{s cj:yf tyf sfdsf]

dfqf x]/L cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ JolQm jf ;ldltnfO{ klg ;fwf/0f ;efn]] s]xL kfl/>ldssf]

Joj:yf ug{;Sg]5 .

%$= a]?h' km5\of}{6 ug]{ M -!_ n]vf k/LIf0faf6 cf}+NofOPsf a]?h' lgoldt u/fpg] jf c;'n

pk/ u/L km5\of}{6 u/fpg] k|yd bfloTj n]vfsf] sfdug]{ JolQmsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;fwf/0ftof #% lbg leq ul/;Sg'kg]{5 .

-#_ pk–bkmf -@_ adf]lhd a]?h' km5\of}{6 u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf a'emL lgb]{lzsfadflhd km5\of}{6

ug{ nufpg] clGtd bfloTj pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] x'g]5 .

%%= ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg] M -!_ Ps cfly{s jif{leq pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf ePsf]

cfDbfgL / vr{sf] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f kZrft\ n]vfk/LIfsn] lbPsf] n]vfk/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bg tyf

a]?h' eP ;f];d]t km5\of}{6 u/fO{ To;sf] k|ult ;fwf/0f ;efdf cg'df]bgsf nflu k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pk–bkmf -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tyf a]?h' eP ;f]sf] km5\of}{6sf] k|ult

;DaGwdf 5nkmn u/L ;fwf/0f ;efn] s]xL lgb]{zg eP ;f];d]t pNn]v u/L cg'df]bg ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ ;fwf/0f ;efn] n]vfk/LIf0f tyf a]?h' ;DaGwdf lbPsf] lgb]{zg pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] kfngf

ug'[{ u/fpg'kg]{5 .

25

kl/R5]b !$

pkef]Qmf ;ldlt / kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] cfly{s k|zf;g;DaGwL sfd / st{Jo

%^= sf]iffWoIfsf] sfd / st{Jo

-!_ sf]iffWoIf jf n]vfsf] sfd ug{ lgo'Qm ePsf] sd{rf/Ln] cfly{s k|zf;g;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{

sfdsf] lhDdf lnO{ To;;Fu ;DalGwt r]s, gub, cfDbfgL vr{sf] ;|]:tf / ;f];DaGwL cGo sfuh

k|df0fx¿ Pj+ k]ZsL vftf, cfDbfgL vftf, vr{ vftf, w/f}6L vftf, a}s gubL lstfj cflb

cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf lnO{ ;'/lIft;fy /fVg] .

-@_ ;d"xsf] cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ug]{ .

-#_ cWoIfsf] clwsf/ If]qleq kg]{ s'/f lg0f{o u/fpg ;lrjdfkm{t cg';"rL @^ sf] 9fFrfdf

l6Kk0fL k]z ug]{ / lg0f{o eO{ cfPkl5 sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg] .

-$_ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt x'gf ;fy o; lgb]{lZfsfdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq cfo–Joosf] cfGtl/s /

clGtd n]vfk/LIf0fsf] nflu ;|]:tf tof/L xfntdf /fVg] .

-%_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf q'6L / sdL sdhf]/L clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cufl8 g}

;RofO{ 7Ls b'?:t agfpg] .

-^_ clGtd n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cf}+NofOPsf a]?h'x¿ tf]lsPs} cjlwdf km5\of}{6 ug{ sf/jfxL ;'?

ug]{ / km5\of}{6 u/fpg] . ;doleq km5\of}{6 x'g g;s]sf a]?h'sf] xsdf cWoIfdfkm{t pkef]Qmf

;ldltdf hfgsf/L u/fpg] .

-&_ ;fwf/0f ;ef jf ;fj{hlgs n]vfk/LIf0f x'Fbf cfo–Joo / n]vf k/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bg k]z

ug]{ / ;fwf/0f ;efn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg kfngf ug]{ .

-*_ cfkm\gf] sfo{ cljw ;dfKt x'gf ;fy gofF lgjf{lrt sf]iffWoIfnfO{ cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf /x]sf]

;Dk"0f{ gubL / n]vf;DaGwL ;|]:tf a/a'emf/y ug]{ .

%&= ;lrjsf] sfd / st{Jo

26

-!_ sfof{nodf ljleGg ;|f]t -sfof{noaf6 vl/b ePsf] jf cGo ;|f]taf6 pknAw ePsf]_ af6

k|fKt ePsf] lhG;L dfn;dfgsf] lhG;L lstfadf r9fO{ cBfjlws nut /fVg] / tL ;fdfgx¿sf]

cfkm'n] lhDdf lnO{ ;'/lIft /fVg] .

-@_ cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf nflu o; lgb{]lzsfdf tf]lsPsf] kl/df0f;Dd /sd k]ZsL lnO{ cfly{s

sf/f]jf/df sf]iffWoIf / cWoIfnfO{ ;3fpg] .

-#_ n]vf;DaGwL lg0f{osf nflu sf]iffWoIfn] k]z u/]sf] l6Kk0fLdf cfkm\gf] /fo n]vL cWoIf

;dIf lg0f{osf nflu k]z ug]{ .

-$_ ;d"xsf] tkm{af6 cfly{s lqmofsnfksf ljifodf ;DalGwt lgsfodf -jg k}bfjf/ lnnfd

:jLs[tsf] hfgsf/L, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf nflu 5gf}6sf] hfgsf/L, lhNnf k|zf;g jf lhNnf jg

sfof{nodf kqfrf/ cflb_ kqfrf/ ug]{ .

-%_ cfkm\gf] sfo{ cljw ;dfKt x'gf ;fy gofF lgjf{lrt ;lrjnfO{ cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf /x]sf]

;Dk"0f{ dfn;dfg a/a'emf/y ug]{ .

%*= cWoIfsf] sfd / st{Jo

-!_ cfkm\gf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u lhDd]jf/Lk"j{s lgjf{x ug]{ .

-@_ cfkm\gf] cg'kl:yltdf cfkmgf] s]xL clwsf/ pkfWoIfnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ .

-#_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg ;lrjaf6 /fd|f] ;+/If0f eO/x]sf] 5, 5}g a]nf a]nfdf

hfgsf/L lnO{ s]xL sdL sdhf]/L b]lvPdf ;lrjnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg / ;/;Nnfx lbg] .

-$_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] vr{af6 ;~rfng ePsf ljsf; sfdsf] lgoldt lgl/If0f / cg'udg ug]{ .

To;}u/L pkef]Qmf ;d"xdfkm{t ;~rfng ePsf cGo ;++:yfut / ;fd'bflos jf ljkGg ju{ nlIft

sfo{qmdx¿sf] klg /]vb]v / cg'udg ug]{ .

-%_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xleqsf pkef]Qmfdf jg k}bfjf/sf] Gofof]lrt laqmL ljt/0fdf Wofg k'¥ofpg] .

-^_ pkef]Qmf ;d"x aflx/ laqmL ljt/0f ul/g] jg k}bfjf/ vf; u/]/ sf7 / bfp/f cflbsf]

clwstd d"No cfpg] u/L lnnfd laqmLsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

-&_ sf]iffWoIfaf6 lg0f{osf nflu k]z ePsf l6Kk0fLdf rfF8f] lg0f{o ug]{ .

-*_ cfly{s ljifodf pkef]Qmf ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o u/fpg'kg]{ s'/fdf ;dodf g} pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]

a}7s /fvL lg0f{o u/fpg] .

27

-(_ sf]iffWoIfnfO{ lgb]{lzsf adf]lhdsf] n]vf /fVg k|f]T;fxg / ;xof]u ug]{ .

-!)_ lgb]{lzsfn] tf]s]sf] ;doleq g} cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg kxn

ug]{ .

-!!_ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq lhNnf jg sfof{nodf k7fpg'kg]{

cfly{s ljj/0f -cfDbfgL vr{sf] jflif{s ljj/0f_ ;dodf k7fpg nufpg] tyf ;f]sf] cflZjg

d;fGt;Dd n]vfk/LIfsaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bg sflt{s dlxgfsf] klxnf]

;ftfleq k7fpg nufpg] .

-!@_ n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cf}+NofOPsf] a]?h' c;'n k5\of}{6 ug{ nufpg] .

-!#_ ;d"xsf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ nufO{ vr{sf] cg'df]bg u/fpg] tyf

csf]{ jif{sf nflu n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm / kfl/>lds tf]Sg nufpg] .

-!$_ cfkm\gf] sfo{ cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 gofF lgjf{lrt cWoIf / kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ pkef]Qmf

;d"xsf] rn crn;DklQsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{ lhG;L tyf n]vfsf] ;fdfg a/a'emf/ydf

;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .

-!%_ cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] 6fFrf ;'/lIft /fVg] / pkef]Qmf sfo{ ;ldlt kl/jt{g x'Fbf gofF

cWoIfnfO{ tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq a'emfpg] .

%(= pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/

!= k|zf;lgs vr{ gk'u eO{ /sdfGt/ ug{sf nflu cWoIfdfkm{t cg'/f]w ePdf bkmf ^@ sf]

kl/lwleq /xL /sdfGt/ ul/lbg] .

@= dfl;s a}7sdf lgDg s'/fx¿sf] hfgsf/L lng] .

s_ dfl;s cfDbfgL / vr{sf] hfgsf/L

v_ vl/b ePsf ;fdfg / To;sf] l:ylt

u_ jg k}bfjf/ ;Íng / laqmLsf] l:ylt

3_ ljsf; sfo{ ;~rfngsf] l:ylt

# cWoIfdfkm{t lg0f{osf nflu k]z ePsf] s'/fx¿df rfF8f] lg0f{o lbg] .

$= pkef]Qmf ;d"xaf6 ;~rfng ePsf ljleGg lsl;dsf ultljlwx¿sf] :ynut lgl/If0f

u/L cg'udg / d"NofÍg ug]{ .

28

kl/R5]b !%

ljljw

^)= lj:t[t n]vf /fVg clgjfo{ gx'g] M o; lgb]{lzsfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg

jflif{s ?=%) xhf/;DDf cfDbfgL eO{ To;af6 cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ug]{ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn]

o;adf]lhdsf] lj:t[t n]vfsf] k|lqmof / ;|]:tf /fVg tyf /lhi68{ n]vfk/LIfsaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f

u/fpg clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g . t/ cfDbfgLsf] k|df0f -gubL /l;b sf6\g], a}s bflvnf efpr/_ /

vr{sf] aLn e/kfO / To;sf] cfwf/df cg';"rL @& sf] 9fFrfdf cfo–Joosf] lx;fa /fvL

cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 vr{sf] cg'df]bg eg] u/fpg'kg]{5 .

^!= gub df}Hbft /fVg ;lsg] M pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ rflxg] ;fgfltgf

vr{sf nflu cfjZostf x]/L ?= % xhf/b]lv ?=@% xhf/;Dd ;lrj jf pkef]Qmf ;ldltn]

tf]s]sf] JolQmsf] gfpFdf k]ZsL lbO{ gub df}Hbft /fVg ;lsg]5 . o;af6 vr{ ePsf] /sd aLn

e/kfO k]z u/L k]ZsL km5\of}{6 ub}{ hfg'kg]{5 . o:tf] /sd cfiff9 dlxgfsf] @% ut];DDf clgjfo{

¿kfdf km5\of}{6 eO;Sg'kg]{5 .

^@= /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg] M k|zf;lgs sfo{sf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] ah]6 ck'u ePdf ;DalGwt

zLif{sdf 5'6\ofOPsf] /sdsf] @% k|ltzt;Dd pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] lgo{0fn] art x'g] zLif{saf6

/sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/ o;f] ubf{ ;fd'bflos jgsf] ljsf;sf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] @% k|ltzt

/ ljkGg ju{sf dlxnf, blnt, cflbaf;L, hghfltnlIft sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ 5'6\ofOPsf] #%

k|ltzt /sdaf6 eg] /sdfGt/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g . To;}u/L jg ljsf; jf ljkGg ju{sf nflu

5'6\ofOPsf] /sd ck'u ePdf cGo zLif{saf6 /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

^#= sfof{no v8f ug'{kg]{ M ;a} ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] sfof{no ;~rfng ug{ slDtdf

Ps sf]7f lgMz'Ns jf ef8fdf lnO{ ;d"xsf] af]8{ /fvL sfof{no v8f u/L sfo{ ;~rfng ug'[{k5{

/ sfof{no;Fu ;DalGwt lhG;L ;fdfg klg ;f]xL sfof{nodf /fVg'k5{ . pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ;fdfg

emf]nfdf jf s;}sf] 3/df /fVg' x'Fb}g .

^$= ;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L sd{rf/L tyf sfi7 Joj;foL pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L x'g

gkfpg] M ;/sf/L jf cWf{ ;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L jxfnjfnf sd{rf/L tyf sfi7 Joj;foL jg

pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] kbflwsf/L x'g kfpg] 5}gg\ t/ ;d"xsf] sfddf ;xof]u eg] ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

29

^%= km]nf k/]sf u/]sf] xftxltof/ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf a'emfpg] M ;fd'bflos jgsf]

u:tLsf] qmddf rf]/L l;sf/ ug]{n] kqmfp kg]{ 8/n] jgdf kmfnL uPsf] jf a]jfl/;L ¿kdf km]nf

k/]sf] xftxltof/ -jGb's, k]:tf]n jf uf]nL rnfOg] xltof/x¿_ nfO{ lhG;Ldf cfDbfgL gafFwL

lnlvt kq;fy glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf Onfsf k|zf;g sfo{nodf bfv]nf u/L e/kfO lng'k5{

/ To:tf] e/kfO sfof{nodf clen]vsf nflu ;'/lIft /fVg'k5{ . kqsf] jf]wfy{ lhNnf k|zf;g

sfof{no / lhNnf jg sfof{nonfO{ lbg'k5{ .

^^ jGohGt'sf] cfv]6f]kxf/ lHfNnf jg sfof{nodf bflvnf ug]{ M u:tLsf] qmddf l;sf/L

kqmfp gk/L s:t'/Lsf] lagf, efn'sf] lkQ, u}+8fsf] vfs, af3 / lrt'jfsf] 5fnf / xf8, cGo

hgfj/sf] 5fnfh:tf cfv]6f]kxf/ km]nf k/] lhG;Ldf cfDbfgL gafFwL tL j:t'nfO{ oyflzw| kq;fy

lhNnf jg sfo{nodf a'emfO{ To;sf] e/kfO k|fKt u/L clen]v /fVg'k5{ .

^&= e|d0f eQf / cGo eQfsf] b/ tf]Sg] M pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L jf s'g} pkef]Qmf

pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfddf cfkm\gf] lhNnfleq} jf aflx/ uO{ af; a:g'kbf{ lgwf{l/t ef8fnufot

k|ltlbg ;d"xaf6 k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] clwstd xf]6n vr{ / vfgf vr{ ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 lg0f{o u/L

tf]sL /fVg'k5{ . To;}u/L pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfddf dlxgfdf @ lbgeGbf a9L v6\g'kg]{ jg /Ifs,

km/]i6/, /]Gh/ jf jg clws[tnfO{ ;fwf/0f ;ef jf pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf]

lgodcg';f/ b}lgs tyf e|d0feQfsf] Joj:yf ug{;Sg]5 .

^*= k'/:sf/sf] Joj:yf ug]{ M ;fd'bflos jgleq ljwfgljkl/t sfd u/L ;fd'bflos jg jf

To;sf] h}ljs ljljwtfdf xflg–gf]S;fgL ug]{ JolQmsf ;DaGwdf ;'/fsL lbg] jf s;'/bf/ kqmg

;xof]u ug]{ jf ;fd'bflos jgsf] lxtdf sfd ug]{ JolQm jf pkef]Qmf cflbnfO{ pkef]Qmf ;d"xn]

plrt k'/:sf/sf] Joj:yf ug{;Sg]5 . o;sf nflu jflif{s ah]6 lgdf{0f ubf{ k'/:sf/ zLif{sdf

ah]6 lalgof]hg u/L To:tf] k'/:sf/ k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

^(= d]l;g/L ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|rlnt sfg'g cg';/0f ug{'kg]{ M pkef]Qmf

;d"xn] k|To]s k6s ? ! nfv eGbf a9L df]n kg]{ d]lzg/L cf}hf/ jf ;jf/L ;fwg vl/b ug'{ kbf{

k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clgjfo{ ¿kdf cg';/0f ug{'kg]{5 .

&)= ;fd'bflos jgleq cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ M -!_

;fd'bflos jgleq s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfo, cw{ ;/sf/L lgsfo, u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfo, cfof]hgf jf

30

kl/of]hgf, cg';Gwfg ug]{ lgsfo, z}lIfs ;+:yf jf cg';Gwfgstf{ cflbn] s'g} cWoog, cg';Gwfg

jf k/LIf0fh:tf sfo{ ug{ k/]df ;DalGwt pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng clgjfo{ x'g]5 .

;d"xsf] :jLslt lagf To:tf] sfo{ ug{ kfOg] 5}g . ;f] sfo{ ug{ lbg pkef]Qmf ;d"x d~h'/ ePdf

;f] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu pkef]Qmf ;d"x;Fu /Ltk"j{sf] ;]jf / ;t{;lxtsf] ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{5

. ;Demf}tfdf ;fd'bflos jgsf] k|of]u u/]jfkt ljwfgdf tf]lsPcg';f/sf] jfli{fs z'Ns a'emfpg]

s'/f;d]t pNn]v x'g'kg]{5 .

-@_ jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno jf cGtu{sf lgsfon] To:tf] sfo{ ug{'kbf{ ;DalGwt ;d"xsf]

;xdltdf ug'{kg]{5 .

&!= lhNnf jg clws[tn] n]vf hfFr ug{;Sg] M lhNnf jg clws[tn] h'g;'s} pkef]Qmf

;d"xsf] cfDbfgL / vr{sf] n]vf h'g;'s} a]nf cfkm} jf cfkm\gf] n]vfsf] sd{rf/Laf6 lgl/If0f jf

r]s hfFr ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] lgl/If0fsf qmddf s]xL q'6L jf sdL sdhf]/L b]lvPdf

;Rofpg lgb]{zg lbg]5 . lhNnf jg clws[tn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg n]vf /fVg] kbflwsf/L jf pkef]Qmf

;ldltn] clgjfo{ ¿kdf kfngf ug'{kg]{5 . lhNnf jg clws[tsf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/] k|rlnt

sfg'gcg';f/ sf/jfxL x'g]5 .

&@= k|rlnt sfg'gcg';f/ sf/jfxL x'g] M -!_ o; lgb]{lzsfn] alh{t u/]sf] s'/f u/]df jf clgjfo{

u/]sf] s'/f gu/]df jf k]ZsL km5of}{6 gu/]df, a]?h' k/]sf] /sd km5of}{6 gu/]df jf a]?h' /sd

lkmtf{ bfv]nf gug]{ Pj+ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] /sd lxgfldgf ug]{ ;DalGwt pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf

kbflwsf/L, pkef]Qmf, JolQm, kmd{, sDklg cflbnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'gcg';f/ sf/jfxL x'g]5 .

-@_ o; lgb]{lzsfdf g;d]l6Psf s'/fx¿sf] xsdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|rlnt sfg'gcg';f/ x'g]5 .

&#= clwsf/df x]/km]/ / kl/dfh{g ug{;Sg] M o; lgb]{lzsfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f pNn]v ePklg

pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ljwfgdf cWoIf / pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] clwsf/ cGoyf tf]lsPsf] eP

;f]xLcg';f/ x'g]5 tyf o;df pNn]v ul/Psf] cWoIf / pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] clwsf/ ;DaGwdf

;fwf/0f ;efn] ;docg';f/ x]/km]/ / kl/dfh{g klg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

31

cg';"rL !-s_ -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !) sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

;fd'bflos jgsf] jg k}bfjf/ laqmL ljt/0f /l;b

==============jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x

===================, ============-lHfNnf_

pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] btf{ gDa/ M

:yfoL n]vf gDa/ M

/l;b gDa/ M

>L ===========================================

===============================================

qm=;+= jg k}bfjf/sf] gfd / hft

PsfO kl/df0f b/ -?=_ hDdf /sd -?=_

s}lkmot

s'n hDdf

/l;b a'lemlng]sf] /l;b lbg]sf] gfd M gfdM b:tvt M b:tvt M ldlt M ldlt M

32

cg';"rL !-v_ -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !) sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

gubL /l;bsf] gd"gf

==============jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x ============-lHfNnf_ gubL /l;b

:yfoL n]vf g+============ /l;b g+======== ldltM============

>L==================================================================af6 hDdf ?= ============================= cIf/]kL ======================================== ==============================jfkt k|fKt eof] . zLif{s ljj/0f /sd

gub hDdf

a'emfpg]sf] ;xL ====================== a'lemlng]sf] ;xL==================== ldltM ldlt

gf]6 M o:tf] gubL /l;b k|To]ssf] # k|lt agfpg] -xl/of], kFx]nf] / ;]tf]_

pbfx/0f M ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf s;}n] k|j]z z'Ns ltbf{ To;sf] gubL /l;b o; k|sf/ sf6\g'kb{5 . k[i7 #^ df klxnf] pbfx/0fsf # hgfdWo] /3'jL/ kf}8]naf6 k|fKTf k|j]z z'Nssf] gubL /l;b sf6\g] gd'gf .

==============jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x =================-lhNnf_

gubL /l;b :yfoL n]vf gDa/ M ============ /l;b g+= !

ldltM @)&).%.! >L /3'jL/ kf}8]naf6 hDdf ?= %))).– cIf/]kL ?=kfFr xhf/dfq k|j]z z'Nsjfkt k|fKt eof] . /sd ?= zLif{s ljj/0f gub hDdf k|j]z z'Ns

;d"xsf] ;b:otf lng %))).– %))).–

a'emfpg]sf] ;xL ======/3'jL/ kf}8]n====== a'lemlng]sf] ;xL =====-bof/fd vqL_== ldlt M @)&).)%.)! ldlt M @)&).)%.)!

33

cg';"rL @ -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !) sf] pk–bkmf-#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 r]s k|fKt x'Fbf ;d"xn] lbg] e/kfOsf] gd'gf


e/kfO bfb} >L ==============================jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x==================-:yfg / lhNnf_ cfUo]

>L======================= ============-lhNnf jg sfof{no/ jg ljefu /jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno_

================= -7]ufgf_ af6 ======================================jfkt -jg Joj:yfkg df @)&) ;fnsf] pTs[i6 jg ;d"x ePjfkt_ lbOg] k'/:sf/ :j?k ?==================sf] o; ;d"xsf] gfddf >L ========================a}+s, ======= -lj/f6gu/_ sf] g+==================== ldlt =====================sf] r]s yfg ======k|fKt ePsf]n] ;f] k|flKtsf] e/kfO ul/lbof}+ . Olt ;Dat===================;fn==============dlxgf ===========ut] /f]h========df z'ed\ .

sfof{nosf] 5fk=========== =========b:tvt==========

-==================gfd==================_

=================kb==================

jg k}bfjf/ laqmLjfkt s'g} JolQm jf pBf]u cflbn] a}ª\s 8«fkm\6dfkm{t e'QmfgL lbFbf lbg] e/kfO


e/kfO bfb} >L ==============================jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x==================-:yfg / lhNnf_ cfUo]

>L======================= ============- JolQm/ kmd{ /sDklg jf pBf]usf] gfd_============================

========-7]ufgf_ af6 ===============- kl/df0f_============-PsfO_=========== ===========jfkt -sf7 bfp/f jf hl8a'6Lsf] df]n_ ?==================sf] >L ========================a}ª\s, === -lj/f6gu/_sf] g+==================== ldlt =========================sf] o; ;d"xsf] gfddf lvFlrPsf] a}ª\s 8fkm\6 yfg ======k|fKt ePsf]n] ;f] k|flKtsf] e/kfO ul/lbof}+ . Olt ;Dat\ ===================;fn==============dlxgf ===========ut] /f]h========df z'ed\ .

sfof{nosf] 5fk=========== =========b:tvt==========

-==================gfd==================_

=================kb==================

34

cg';"rL # -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !! sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

uf]:jf/f efpr/sf] gd'gf

==============jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x ===============lhNnf

uf]=ef} g+= ldltM

uf]:jf/f efpr/ qm=;+= ljj/0f vftf

kfgf g+= cfDbfgL÷vr{sf] ;ª\s]t g+=

8]lj6 s|]l86

hDdf /l;b g+= =========== r]s g+= ========= k|fKt /sd ============= r]s /sd======== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL =============== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ============ ldlt M ================= ldlt M ===================

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd============================/sd M ====================b:tvt / 5fk====================

b«i6JoM

!= pkef]Stf ;d"xn] cfDbfgL / vr{ ubf{ / k]:sL lbFbf / km:5f}{6 ubf{ of] efpr/ k|of]u ug'{k5{ .

@= k|To]s cfly{s jif{df of] efpr/ ! g+= b]lv ;'? ug'{k5{ . rfn' cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePkl5 csf]{ cf=j=df k'gM efpr/ g+= ! af6 ;'? ug'{k5{ . t/ cfDbfgL / vr{sf] lgldQ 5'6\6f5'§} ¿kdf efpr/ ! b]lv ;'? gu/L b'a} sf/f]jf/sf] nflu olx gDj/af6 s|dzM cª\s r9fpFb} hfg'k5{ .

# dfly ljj/0f dxndf cg';"rL %adf]lhdsf] cfDbfgL juL{s/0f / ;ª\s]t tyf cg';"rL ^ adf]lhdsf] vr{sf] juL{s/0f / ;ª\s]tsf] cfwf/df sf/f]jf/sf] Ps d'i7 8]la6 jf qm]l86 hgfpg'k5{ . To:sf] tnlt/ sf/f]jf/sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f pNn]v ug'{k5{ .

$ vftf kfgf gDa/df sf/f]jf/sf] n]vfsf] cfDbfgL÷vr{÷k]:sL ÷w/f}6L vftfsf] vftf kfgf gDa/ n]Vg'k5{ .

% cfDbfgL÷vr{sf] ;ª\s]t dxndf sf/f]jf/sf] k|s[ltcg';f/sf] ;ª\s]t gDa/ pNn]v ug'{k5{ .

^ cfDbfgLsf] uf]= ef= p7fpFbf cfDbfgL vftfsf] lbgel/sf] hDdf /sdsf] cfDbfgL efpr/ p7fpg'k5{ .

&= cfDbfgLsf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ agfpFbf /l;b gDa/ / /sd n]Vg'k5{ . k]:sL / vr{sf] ef}r/ eP r]s gDa/, r]s /sd / a'lemlng]sf] gfd b:tvt / ldlt pNn]v ug'{k5{ . s'g} ;+:yfsf] gfpFdf r]s ag]sf] eP r]s a'emfpFbf ;f] ;+:yfsf] 5fk;d]t uf]:jf/f efpr/df / r]ssf] cws6\6Ldf nufpg'k5{ .

35

o;clw uf]:jf/f efpr/ p7fP/ sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] ;d"xnfO{ cfDbfgL, vr{ / cGo lsl;dsf] efpr/

p7fpg ufx|f] kb{}}g t/ xfn;Dd uf]:jf/f efpr/ p7fO{ n]vf /fVg] gu/]sf ;d"xnfO{ a'emL ef}r/

p7fpg ;xof]u k'uf];\ eGgfsf nflu tn cEof;sf nflu s]xL sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/x¿

tof/ ul/Psf 5g\ . tL pbfx/0faf6 efpr/ agfpg] tl/sf a'em\g ;lhnf] x'g]5 .

cEof;sf nflu sf/f]jf/x¿ M

!= ldlt @)&).)%.)! df >L /3'jL/ kf}8]n;d]t # hgfaf6 k|j]z z'Nsjfkt hgxL ? % xhf/sf b/n] hDdf ?= !%))).– gub k|fKt eof] . @= ldlt @)&).)%.)# df pQm !% xhf/ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}ª\s /x]sf] ;d"xsf] vftfdf hDdf ul/of] . #= ldlt @)&).)%.)# df >fj0f dlxgfsf] 3/ef8fjfkt ?= #))).– 3/wgL >Ldl0f ;fksf]6fnfO{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}ª\ssf] r]saf6 e'QmfgL ul/of] . $= ldlt @)&).)%.)$ df 3/ ef8f e'QmfgL ubf{ s/ s6\6L ul/Psf] /sd ?= #)).–/fh:j bflvnf eof] .

%= ldlt @)&).)%.% df >L lzj/fd >]i7nfO{ h8La'6L ;Íng ug{ Ohfht lbPjfkt lghaf6 w/f}6L :j?k gub ? !),))).– a}+s bflvnf u/L ;f]sf] a}+s ef}r/ k|fKt eof] . ^= ldlt @)&).)%.)% df ;d"xsf ;lrj >L s[i0fxl/ j/fsf]6LnfO{ :6]zg/L -d;nGb_ ;fdfg vl/b ug{ ?=#))).– r]s sf6L k]:sL lbOof] .

&= ldlt @)&).)%.)&df ?= @%))).– ;d"xnfO{ jg ljefuaf6 gub k'/:sf/ k|fKt eof] . *= ldlt @)&).)%.)*df ?= @%))).– pQm kfFrxhf/ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}ª\sdf /x]sf] ;d"xsf] vftfdf hDdf ul/of] . (= ldlt @)&).)%.)* df sf7 bfp/f s6fg d'5fg / 9'jfgLsf nflu >L lbnaxfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ ?=!),))).– k]:sL lbOof] .

!)= ldlt @)&).)%.!)df bfp/f eLdaxfb'/nfO{ laqmLaf6 ?= !@,))).– gub k|fKt ul/of] . !!= ldlt @)&).)%.!%df j[Iff/f]k0f :yndf tf/af/ nufpgsf] nflu sfF8]tf/ vl/b u/]jfkt s]= ;L= xf8{j]o/nfO{ ?=%))). gub / &,))).– r]saf6 e'QmfgL lbOof] . !@= ldlt @)&).)%.@)df >fj0f dlxgfsf] lah'nLsf] ljn jfkt ?=^)).– ljB't k|flws/0fnfO{ gub} e'QmfgL ul/of] . !#= ldlt @)&).)%.@%df ;lrj s[i0fxl/ j/fsf]6LnfO{ lghsf] k]:sL km5\of}{6 u/L aLncg';f/ ?=!$%).– yk e'QmfgL lbOof] . !$= ldlt @)&).)%.#! df >fj0f / efb|dflxgfsf] tna eQfjfkt ?=!%,))).– e'QmfgL ul/of] . ca plNnlvt k|To]s sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o;/L tof/ ug{'kb{5 M

36

cg';"rL $ -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !! sf] pk–bkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

g+= ! sf] sf/f]jf/sf] nflu -pbfx/0f !_

===================== jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x =================-uflj;_ =============-lhNnf_

uf]=ef=g+= ! ldlt M@)&).)%.)!

uf]:jf/f efpr/ qm=;+= ljj/0f vftf kfgf

gDa/ cfDbfgL÷vr{ ;ª\s]t gDa/

8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= gub qm]= k|j]z z'Ns -/3'jL/;d]t # hgfnfO{ ;d"xsf] ;b:otf lbPjfkt ljwfgn] tf]s]sf] k|j]z z'Ns k|fKt_

%=)!

!%))).–

!%))).–

hDdf !%,))).– !%,))).–

/l;b g+= ==!,@,# r]s g+================= /sd M !%))).– /sd================== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.)! ldlt M@)&).)%.)!

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== /sd =========== b:tvt / 5fk ============== g+= @ sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

37

cg';"rL $ -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !# sf] pk–bkmf -$_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

-pbfx/0f @_


uf]=ef=g+= @ ldlt M@)&).)%.)#



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= /f= jf= a}ª\s s|]= gub -# JolQmaf6 k|j]z z'Nsjfkt k|fKt gub /sd a}ª\s vftfdf hDdf ul/of]_

%=)!

!%,))).–

!%,))).–

hDdf !%,))).– !%,))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+================= /sd M /sd================== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.)# ldlt M@)&).)%.)#

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== /sd =========== b:tvt / 5fk ============== gDa/ # sf/f]jf/sf] nflu uf]:jf/f efpr/ p7fpg] tl/sf M

38

cg';"rL $ -kl/R5]b ^ bkmf @) sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

-pbfx/0f #_ ===================== jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x

=================-uflj;_ =============-lhNnf_

uf]=ef=g+= # ldlt M@)&).)%.)#



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= 3/ ef8f qm]= s/ s6\6L qm]= /f=jf=a}ª\s

->fj0f dlxgfsf] 3/ ef8f s/ s§L u/L 3/wgL >Ldl0f ;fksf]6fnfO{ a'emfOof] _

!=)^

#))).–

#)).– @&)).–

hDdf #))).– #))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+==)@#%%!== /sd M /sd==@&)).–= k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.)# ldlt M@)&).)%.)#

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =->L dl0f ;fksf]6f_ /sd @&)).– b:tvt / 5fk====dl0f====== ca s/ s§L u/]sf] /sd /fhZj bflvnf ug{'kg{] x'Fbf ;f] /sd klg bflvnf ubf{ o:tf] efpr/ agfpg' kb{5 M

39

cg';"rL $ -kl/R5]b ^ bkmf @) sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

-pbfx/0f $_


uf]=ef=g+= $ ldltM@)&).)%.)$



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= s/ s6\6L qm]= /f= jf= a}ª\s ->fj0f dlxgfsf] 3/ ef8f s/ s§L u/]sf] /sd /fhZj bflvnf ul/of]]_

!=)*

#)).–

#)).–

hDdf #)).– #)).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+==)@#%%@= /sd M /sd==#)).– k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.)$ ldlt M@)&).)%.)$

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== /sd =========== b:tvt / 5fk ============== g+= % sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

40

cg';"rL $ -kl/R5]b % bkmf !% sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

-pbfx/0f %_


uf]=ef=g+= % ldlt M@)&).)%.)%



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= /f=jf=a}= qm]= w/f}6L

->L lzj/fd >]i7nfO{ h8La'6L ;Íng ug{ Ohfht lbPjfkt lghaf6 w/f}6Lsf] a}+s ef}r/ k|fKt eof] _

!),))).–

!),))).–

hDdf !),))).– !),))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+================= /sd M /sd================== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.)% ldlt M@)&).)%.)%

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== /sd =========== b:tvt / 5fk ============== g+= ^ sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

41

cg';"rL $

-kl/R5]b & bkmf @% sf] pk–bkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ -pbfx/0f ^_


uf]=ef=g+= ^ ldlt M@)&).)%.)% uf]:jf/f efpr/ qm=;+= ljj/0f vftf kfgf


8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= s[i0fxl/ -:6]zg/L_ qm]= /f= jf= a}ª\s -;lrj >L s[i0fxl/ j/fsf]6LnfO{ sfof{nosf] :6]zg/L ;fdfg vl/b ug{ k]:sL lbOof]_

!=)$

#))).–

#))).–

hDdf #))).– #))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+==)@#%%#======= /sd M /sd===#))).–=== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).%.)% ldlt M@)&).%.)%

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd=== s[i0fxl/ a/fsf]6L /sd== #))).– b:tvt / 5fk==== -s[i0fxl/_ g+= & sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

42


-pbfx/0f &_


uf]=ef=g+= & ldlt M@)&).)%.)&



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= gub qm]= k'/:sf/

-cf=j= @)&) sf] pTs[i6 ;f=j=sf] k'/:sf/ j=p=;=nfO{ k|fKt_

&=))

@%,))).–

@%,))).–

hDdf @%,))).– @%,))).–

/l;b g+= $ r]s g+========== /sd M @%,))).– /sd========== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.)& ldlt M@)&).)%.)&

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== ======/sd ============= b:tvt / 5fk=============== g+= * sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

43

cg';"rL $ -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !# sf] pkbkmf-$_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

-pbfx/0f *_


uf]=ef=g+= * ldlt M@)&).)%.)*



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= /f=jf=a}ª\s qm]= k'/:sf/

-cf=j= @)&) sf] pTs[i6 ;f=j=sf] k'/:sf/ /sd a}+s bflvnf u/L cfDbfgL afFlwof] _

&=))

@%,))).–

@%,))).

hDdf @%,))).– @%,))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+========== /sd M ====== /sd========== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.)* ldlt M@)&).)%.)*

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== ======/sd ============= b:tvt / 5fk=============== g+= ( sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

44

cg';"rL $

-kl/R5]b & bkmf @% sf] pk–bkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ -pbfx/0f (_


uf]=ef=g+= ( ldlt M@)&).)%.)* uf]:jf/f efpr/ qm=;+= ljj/0f vftf kfgf


8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= lbnaxfb'/ -jg

k}bfjf/ ;ª\sng _ qm]= /f= jf= a}ª\s

-sf7 bfp/f s6fg d'5fg / 9'jfgLsf nflu >L lbnaxfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ k]:sL lbOof] _

@=)#

!),))).–

!),))).–

hDdf !),))).– !),))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+==)@#%%$======= /sd M /sd===!),))).–=== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).%.)* ldlt M@)&).%.)*

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd=== lbnaxfb'/ /sd== !),))).– b:tvt / 5fk==== -lbnaxfb'/_ g+= !) sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

45


-pbfx/0f !)_


uf]=ef=g+= !) ldlt M@)&).)%.!)



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= gub s|]= bfp/f laqmL -bfp/f laqmLjfkt k|fKt gub k|fKt ul/of]_

@=)@

!@,))).–

!@,))).–

hDdf !@,))).– !@,))).–

/l;b g+=% == r]s g+================= /sd M !@))).– /sd================== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.!) ldlt M@)&).)%.!)

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== /sd =========== b:tvt / 5fk ============== g+= !! sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

46

cg';"rL $

-kl/R5]b ^ bkmf @! ;Fu ;DalGwt_ -pbfx/0f !!_


uf]=ef=g+= !! ldlt M@)&).)%.!%



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= sfF8] tf/ qm]= gub

qm]= /f=jf=a+}s -tf/af/ nufpg s]= ;L= xf8{j]o/af6 sfF8]tf/ vl/b ul/of] ._

@=)!

!@,))).–

%,))).– &))).–

hDdf !@,))).– !@,))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+== )@#%%% /sd M /sd== &))).– k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.!% ldlt M@)&).)%.!%

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =-s]=;L= xf8{j]o/_ /sd !@,))).– b:tvt / 5fk===e/t zdf{===== g+= !@ sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

47

cg';"rL $

-kl/R5]b ^ bkmf @) sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ -pbfx/0f !@_


uf]=ef=g+= !@ ldlt M@)&).)%.@)



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= ljB't dx;'n qm]= gub

->fj0f dlxgfsf] ljh'nLsf] ljn e'QmfgL ul/of] .] _

!=)%

^)).–

^)).–

hDdf ^)).– ^)).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+================= /sd M /sd================== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.@) ldlt M@)&).)%.@)

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd =============== /sd ===^)).–= b:tvt / 5fk =====/fd========= g+= !# sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

48

cg';"rL $

-kl/R5]b & bkmf @& sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ -pbfx/0f !#_


uf]=ef=g+= !# ldlt M@)&).)%.@%



8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= :6]zg/L qm]= k]:sL km5\of}{6 qm]= /f=jf=a}ª\s

-;lrj >L s[i0fxl/ j/fsf]6LnfO{ gk'u /sd a}ª\saf6 e'QmfgL lbO{ :6]zg/L k]:sL km5\of}{6 ul/of] _

!

!=)$

#,$%).–

#,))). $%).–

hDdf #,$%).– #,$%).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+==)@#%%^======== /sd M ====== /sd====$%).– ======== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.@% ldlt M@)&).)%.@%

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd = s[i0fxl/ ======/sd =$%).– = b:tvt / 5fk -s[i0fxl/_===== g+= !$ sf/f]jf/sf] uf]:jf/f efpr/ o; k|sf/sf] x'G5 M

49

cg';"rL $

-kl/R5]b ^ bkmf @) sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ -pbfx/0f !$_


uf]=ef=g+= !$ ldlt M@)&).)%.#! uf]:jf/f efpr/ qm=;+= ljj/0f vftf kfgf


8]la6 qm|]l86

!

8]= tnj eQf qm]= /f= jf= a}ª\s -sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;+nug e/kfOcg';f/ >fj0f / efb| dlxgfsf] tnj eQff e'QfgL lbOof]_

!=)!

!%,))).–

!%,))).–

hDdf !%,))).– !%,))).–

/l;b g+= == r]s g+==)@#%%&===== /sd M /sd===!%,))).–=== k]z ug{]sf] ;xL ===-bof/fd vqL_=== ;b/ ug{]sf] ;xL ==-xl/gf/fo0f uf}td_ kb M sf]iffWoIf kb M cWoIf ldlt M @)&).)%.#! ldlt M@)&).)%.#!

/sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd=== /sd== b:tvt / 5fk====

50

cg';"rL % -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !! sf] pk–bkmf -$_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

cfDbfgLsf] juL{s/0f

qmd ;ª\Vof cfDbfgLsf] ;ª\s]t gDa/ cfDbfgLsf] zLif{s

!= !=))

!=)!

!=)@

cl3Nnf] jif{sf] afFsL

a}ª\s df}Hbft

gub df}Hbft

@= @=))

@=)!

@=)@

@=)#

@=)$

@=)%

@=)^

jg k}bfjf/ laqmL

sf7 laqmL

vfFaf -kf]n_ laqmL

bfp/f laqmL

s[lif cf}hf/ laqmL

3fF; / :ofpnf laqmL

h8La'6L / cGo u}/sfi7 laqmL

#= #=))

#=)!

#=)@

#=)#

cg'bfg

;/sf/L

u}/ ;/sf/L

cGo -JolQmut;d]t_

$= $=)) b08 hl/jfgf

%= %=))

%=)!

%=)@

%=)#

k|j]z÷;b:otf÷jflif{s gjLs/0f

k|j]z

;b:otf

gjLs/0f

^= ^=)) C0f

&= &=)) cGo cfo -k'/:sf/,Jofh;d]t_

51

cg';"rL ^ -kl/R5]b ^ bkmf !( ;Fu ;DalGwt_

vr{sf] juL{s/0f

qmd ;ª\Vof

vr{sf] ;ª\s]t gDa/

vr{sf] zLif{s

!= !=)) !=)! !=)@ !=)# !=)$ !=)% !=)^ !=)& !=)*

k|zf;lgs vr{ tnj, eQf a}7s, lrofkfg tflnd, uf]li7, cWoog e|d0f :6]zg/L, 5kfO{ kfgL, lah'nL / 6]lnkmf]g ef8f, cf}hf/ sfof{no ;fdfg -k':ts, kmlg{r/, sDKo"6/ cflb_ ljljw -n]vf k/LIf0f z'Ns, kz'cfxf/, OGwg,cGo vr{_

@= @=)) @=)!

@=)@

@=)#=

jg Joj:yfkg vr{ jg ;+/If0f -jgx]/fn', clUg ;+/If0f, tf/jf/,jg ;LdfÍg, cltqmd0f x6fpg],;8s gf6s, e" ;+/If0f sfo{ cflb_ jg ljsf; -g;{/L lgdf{0f ;~rfng, g;{/L gfOs]sf] Hofnf, j[If/f]k0f,tf/jf/,jg ;Da4{g sfo{, cfod"ns sfo{qmd_ jg ;b'kof]u -jg ;j]{If0f,jg k}bfjf/ ;Íng_

#= #=))

#=)!

#=)@

cGo ljsf; vr{

;+:yfut ljsf; -ljwfg, jg sfo{of]hgf k'/fjnf]sg, jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍ, ejg lgdf{0f, dd{t, ;jf/L ;fwg_

;fd'bflos ljsf; - dlGb/, kf6L, kf]v/L, jf6f], k'n, sne6{, wf/f, ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno, k|ltIffno, :s'n, l;FrfO{ dd{t, pGGft r'nf] ljt/0f, afv|f ;f6f;f6, pkef]Qmfsf] ljleGg lsl;dsf tflnd _

$= $=)) ljkGg ju{ nlIft hLljsf]kfh{g -C0f, h8La'6L v]tL ;xof]u, df}/L3f/ ljt/0f, l;nfO, s6fO a'gfO tflnd,

%= %=)) cg'bfg, Ifltk"lt{, ;xof]u - 5fqj[lt, uf]j/ Uof;, dlxnf ;fIf/tf cleofg, ljBfno ;~rfng, k'/:sf/, jfnLgfnL tyf dfgj jGohGt' åGåsf nflu Ifltk"lt{_

^= ^=)) cGo

52

cg';"rL & -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !@ sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

>L =====================pkef]Qmf ;d"x gub vftf

uf]=ef=g+= ldlt ljj/0f 8]la6 qm]l86 afFsL

gub vftfdf sf/f]jf/ r9fpg] tl/sf

dfly kfgf #^ df uf]:jf/f efpr/ agfpg cEof;sf nflu lbOPsf !$ j6f ljleGg

lsl;dsf sf/f]jf/x¿dWo] @)&) ;fn efb| dlxgfdf ePsf gub sf/f]jf/x¿nfO{ lgDgadf]lhd

gub vftfdf r9fpg'kb{5 .

uf]=ef=g+= ldlt ljj/0f 8]la6 qm]l86 afFsL

! @)&).)%.)! ;d"x k|j]z z'Ns !%,))).– – !%,))).–

@ @)&).)%.)# gub a}ª\s hDdf – !%,))).– –

& @)&).)%.@( k'/:sf/ k|fKt @%))).– – @%,))).–

* @)&).)%.#) gub a}ª\s hDdf – @%))).– –

!) @)&).)%.!) bfp/f laqmL !@,))).– – !@,))).–

!! @)&).)%.!% sfF8]tf/ vl/b – %))).– &))).–

!@ @)&).)%.@) ljB't dx;'n – ^)).– ^,$)).–

o;/L gub vftfdf kf]li6Ë u/]kl5 gub sf/f]jf/sf] :ki6 lrq yfxf x'G5 . dflysf]

sf/f]jf/af6 efb| dlxgfsf] cGTodf gub ? ^,$)).– afFsL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cflZjg dlxgfsf]

lx;fa /fVbf efb| dlxgfsf] aFFfsL gub df}Hbft b]vfO{ c? yk lx;fj /fVb}hfg'kb{5 .

53

cg';"rL * -kl/R5]b $ bkmf !$ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

>L =========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x

=====================================

cfDbfgL vftf

uf]=ef=g+= ldlt ljj/0f cl3Nnf]] dlxgf ;Ddsf] ?=

of] dlxgfsf] ?=

hDdf

cfDbfgL vftfdf sf/f]jf/ r9fpg] tl/sf

dfly kfgf #^ df cEof;sf] nflu lbOPsf] ;fd'bflos jg ;d"xn] @)&) efb| dlxgfdf # zLif{sdf cfDbfgL u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ca tL zLif{sx¿df ePsf] cfDbfgLnfO{ cfDbfgL vftfdf zlif{scg';f/ j]Unf a]Un} kfgfdf tn lbOPcg';f/ r9fpg'k5{ . cfDbfgL r9fpFbf cg';"rL % df lbOPsf] cfDbfgL zLif{ssf] ;Í]t gDa/ klg /fVg'k5{ .

kfgf g+ !

s_ k|j]z z'Ns -gofF ;b:osf] k|j]z_ vftf -;Í]t gDa/ %=)!_

uf]=ef=g+ ldlt ljj/0f cl3Nnf]] dlxgf ;Ddsf] ?=

of] dlxgfsf] ?=

hDdf

! @)&!.)%.)! ;d"xdf gofF ;b:osf] k|j]z z'Nsjfkt k|fKt /sd

) !%))).– !%))).–

hDdf ) !%))).– !%))).–

54

kfgf g+ @

v_cGo cfo vftf -;+s]t g+=&=))_

uf]=ef=g+= ldlt ljj/0f cl3Nnf]] dlxgf ;Ddsf] ?=

of] dlxgfsf] ?=

hDdf

& @)&!.)%.)& ;d"xnfO{ k'/:sf/ k|fKt ) @%))).– @%))).– hDdf ) @%,))).– @%,))).–

kfgf g+= #

u_ jg k}bfjf/ las|L -bfp/f_ vftf -;Í]t gDa/ g+=@=)#_

uf]=ef= g+

ldlt ljj/0f cl3Nnf]] dlxgf ;Ddsf] ?=

of] dlxgfsf] ?

hDdf

!) @)&!.)%.!) bfp/f las|Laf6 k|fKt /sd ) !@,))).– !@,))).– hDdf ) !@,))).– !@,))).–

55

cg';"rL ( -kl/R5]b % bkmf !% sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

>L =========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x

w/f}6L vftfsf] -JolQmut vftf_

w/f}6L /fVg]sf] gfd M 7]ufgf M kfgf g+=======

uf]=ef=g+= ldlt ljj/0f 8]la6 qm]l86 afFsL s}lkmot

w/f}6L vftf;DaGwL s]xL cEof;

pbfx/0fsf] nflu @)&) sf] lgDg dlxgfx¿df w/f}6L;DaGwL lgDgfg';f/ sf/jfxL ePsf] 7fgf}+ —

!= a'6jn g=kf=@ tfdgu/ a:g] lzj/fd >]i7n] ;fd'bflos jgaf6 hl8a'6L ;Íngsf] nflu ldlt @)&).)%.)% df uf] ef+= % af6 ?= !),))).– w/f}6L /fvL Ohfht lnPsf] .

@= To;}u/L ldlt @)&).)&.)% ut] xl/ kf}8]n, u}8fsf]6 @ n] sf7 bfp/f jgaf6 l8kf] 9'jfgLsf] nflu 7]Ssf k|fKt ubf{ uf]=ef= g+= !^ af6 ? ^%)).– 3/f}6L /fv]sf] .

#= ldlt @)&).!!.@) ut] lzj/fd >]i7 a'6jn g=kf= @, tfdgu/, ?kGb]xL h8La'6L ;Íng sfo{ ;dfKt u/L lghn] ltg'[{kg]{ hl8a'6Lsf] ;a} /sd lt/L 5f]8k"hL{;d]t lnO;s]sf]n] lghn] /fv]sf] w/f}6L ?=!),))) uf]=ef= g+= @% af6 lkmtf{ ul/of] .

s_ w/f}6L sf/f]jf/M ! w/f}6L /fVg]sf] gfd M lzj/fd >]i7 7]ufgf M a'6jn g=kf= @, tfdgu/, ?kGb]xL kfgf g+==!===

uf]=ef=g+= ldlt ljj/0f 8]la6 qm]l86 afFsL s}lkmot % @)&).)%.)% h8La'6L

;Íngjfkt !),))).– – !),))).–

@% @)&).!!.@) w/f}6L lkmtf{ – !),))).– –

s_ w/f}6L sf/f]jf/M @ w/f}6L /fVg]sf] gfd xl/ kf}8]n, 7]ufgf M u}8fsf]6 @ kfgf g+==@===

uf]=ef=g+= ldlt ljj/0f 8]la6 qm]l86 afFsL s}lkmot !^ @)&).)&.)% sf7 bfp/f 9'jfgL jfkt ^,%)).– – ^,%)).–

56

cg';"rL !) -kl/R5]b ^ bkmf @$ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

>L =========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x

vr{ vftf

uf]=ef= g+

ldlt ljj/0f cl3Nnf]] dlxgf ;Ddsf] vr{ ?=

of] dlxgfsf] vr{ ?=

hDdf

kfgf #^ df pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf /flvPsf]] jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] @)&) efb| dlxgfdf u/]sf] sf/f]jf/dWo] 3/ef8f, ljh'nL / sfF8]tf/ / :6]zg/Ldf ePsf] vr{ nfO{ vr{ vftfdf lgDgadf]lhd r9fpg'k5{ M

-s_ ef8f / cf}hf/ vftf -;ª\s]t gDa/ !=)^_ kfgf g+ !

uf]=ef= g+


of] dlxgfsf] vr{ ?

hDdf

# @)&).)%.)# >fj0fsf] 3/ef8f e'QmfgL ) #))).– #))).–

hDdf ) #))).– #))).–

-v_ jg ljsf; j[If/f]k0f tf/jf/ -;ª\s]t gDa/ @=)@_ kfgf g+ @

uf]=ef= g+


of] dlxgfsf] vr{ ?

hDdf

!! @)&).)%.!% sfF8]tf/ vl/b – !@,))).– !@,))).–

hDdf !@,))).– !@,))).–

57

-u_ kfgL, ljh'nL, 6]lnkmf]g -;ª\s]t gDa/!=)%_ kfgf g+ #

uf]=ef= g+


of] dlxgfsf] vr{ ?

hDdf

!@ @)&).)%.@) >fj0fsf] ljh'nLsf] ljn e'QmfgL

) ^)).– ^)).–

hDdf ) ^)).– ^)).–

-3_ :6]zg/L -;ª\s]t gDa/ !=)$_ kfgf g+ $

uf]=ef= g+


of] dlxgfsf] vr{ ?=

hDdf

!# @)&).)%.@% :6]zg/L vl/b ) #$%).– #$%).–

hDdf ) #$%).– #$%).–

-ª_ tnj eQf -;ª\s]t gDa/ !=)!_ kfgf g+ %

uf]=ef= g+


of] dlxgfsf] vr{ ?=

hDdf

!$ @)&).)%.#! ;d"xaf6 lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lx¿sf] >fj0f / efb|dlxgfsf] tnj / eQf e'QmfgL

) !%,))).– !%,))).–

hDdf ) !%,))).– !%,))).–

58

cg';"rL !! -kl/R5]b & bkmf @^ sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

>L =========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x

k]ZsL vftf

kfgf g+= =======

k]ZsL lng]sf] gfd M

uf]=ef= g+ ldlt ljj/0f kfPsf] kml5{Psf] afFsL

;d"xn] ljleGg sfdsf] nflu k]zsL lbg'kg]{x'G5 . ctM o;sf] 5'6\6} vftf /fVg'kb{5 .

k]ZsL vftf k|To]s JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf 5'6\6f 5'6\6} /fVg'kb{5 . ca pbfx/0fsf] nflu s'g} jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] @)&) efb| dlxgfdf u/]sf] sf/f]jf/dWo] uf]:jf/f efpr/ gDa/ ^ af6 uPsf] k]ZsL / efpr/ gDa/ !# af6 ePsf] k]ZsL km5\of}{6 sfo{nfO{ k]ZsL vftfdf lgDgadf]lhd r9fpg'k5{ .

kfgf g+= ======!

k]ZsL lng]sf] gfd M s[i0fxl/ j/fsf]6L

uf]=ef= g+

ldlt ljj/0f kfPsf] kml5{Psf] afFsL

^ @)&).)%.)% :6]zg/L vl/bjfkt #))).– – #))).– !# @)&).)%.@% k]ZsL km5\of}6 – #))).– –

59

cg';"rL !@ -kl/R5]b & bkmf @& sf] pk–bkmf -$_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

=========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x

8f]/ xflh/L kmf/d

sfdsf] gfd M kfgf g+=

:yfg M ldlt========================b]lv ldlt===================;Dd

qm=;+= sfdbf/sf] lsl;d

Gffd y/ / jtg

afa'sf] gfd

sfd u/]sf] ldlt sfd u/]sf] hDdf lbg

b/ hDdf kfpg] /sd

b:tvt

! @ # $== #!

b}lgs xflh/L /fVg]sf] gfd M==================== hfFRg]sf] b:tvt M============= :jLs[t ug]{sf] b:tvt M==============

b:tvt M

hDdf e'StfgL /sd M

e'StfgL lbg]sf] gfd =========================

b:tvt M========================================

60

cg';"rL !# -s_ -kl/R5]b * bkmf @( sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

ÒÒÒÒpkef]Stf ;d"x

gfkL lstfa

kfgf g ÒÒÒÒ

qm=;+= ljj/0f ;ª\Vof sfdsf] kl/df0f

hDdf gfkL

nDafO rf}8fO prfO

b|i6Jo M

!= sfo{sf] lj:t[t gfkL ;DalGwt sfo{sf] nflu lgsfzf ul/Psf] gfkL lstfadf ;DalGwt k|fljlwsn] lgdf{0f:ynd} sfdsf] gfk u/L ;s]kl5 dfq r9fpg'k5{ .

@= o; lstfadf r9fpg] k|To]s gfkLdf lgDg Joxf]/f :ki6 n]Vg'k5{ M

s_ O:6Ld]6df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] sfo{sf] k"/f gfd / :yfg ========================================

v_ ;Ddmf}tfsf] ldlt================ v_ sfo{cfb]z lbPsf] ldlt================ u_ sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ ldlt=============

3_ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] ldlt ======================== ª_ gfkL lnOPsf] ldlt ===============================

# gfkL lng] k|fljlwsn] ldlt v'nfO cGtdf b:tvt ug'{k5{ . ePsf] k|To]s sfo{sf] gfkL lnO{ ;s]kl5 k|To]s sfo{ -cfO6d_sf] ;f/fFz tof/ ug'{k5{ .

61

cg';"rL !# -v_ -kl/R5]b !) bkmf #$ sf] pk–bkmf -$_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

gfkL d'r'Nsf -h8La'6L ;Íng sfo{sf] nflu_

lnlvtd\ xfdL b]xfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿ cfUo]===============lhNnf======================uf=lj=;

÷g=kf==========j8f a:g] >L=======================================n] o; pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf]

==============;fd'bflos jgaf6 ldlt==================df lgDg lsl;dsf h8La'6Lx¿ lgDg kl/df0f;Dd

;Íng cg'dlt lnO{ tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq tt\ tt\ h8La'6Lx¿ ;Íng u/L tf]lsPsf] 3f6u2Ldf

hDdf u/L ;f]sf] gfk d'r'Nsf agfOlbg ;d"xdf cg'/f]w u/]sf] ;Gbe{df gfk hfFr ubf{ lGfDgfg';f/

7x/ ePsf]n] of] d'r'Nsf n]vL n]vfO{ ;xL5fk u/L ====================;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf

;d"xdf r9fof} .

;Íng Ohfht lnPsf] h8La'6Lsf] ;Íng u/]sf]] h8La'6Lsf]

gfd kl/df0f PsfO kl/df0f cª\sdf cIf/df

!=

@=

#=

pkef]Qmf /f]xj/ !=========================-gfd, 7]ufgf / b:tvt_ @=========================-gfd, 7]ufgf / b:tvt_ #=========================-gfd, 7]ufgf / b:tvt_ Onfsf jg sfof{no k|ltlglwM !=========================-gfd, 7]ufgf / b:tvt_ ======================= ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfo{ ;ldlttkm{af6 sfd tfd]n ug]{ M

kbflwsf/Lsf] gfd==========================

b:tvt========================================

Olt ;Dat\ ================;fn=================dlxgf============ut] /f]h============== z'ed\

62

cg';"rL !$ -kl/R5]b * bkmf @( sf] pk–bkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_


sfo{;DkGg k|ltj]bg

sfdsf] gfd M vr{ ePsf] /sd=============================

nfut cg'dfg cª\s ================= Oi6Ld]6 eGbf a9L ÷36L======================

sfd z'? ePsf] ldlt ================= sfd ;DkGg ePsf] ldlt====================

sfdsf] ljj/0f Nffut cg'dfg adf]lhd v'b sfd ePsf] afFsL s}lkmot

kl/df0f b/ hDdf kl/df0f b/ hDdf kl/df0f b/ hDdf

l:js[t nfut cg'dfg / :k];Llkms]zg adf]lhd sfd ePsf] 5 egL k|dfl0ft ug]{

================================ ================================= ===========================

k|fljlws ;lrj cWoIf

63

cg';"rL !% -s_ -kl/R5]b ( bkmf #! sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_


vr{ eP/ hfg] lhG;L vftf

;fdfgsf] gfd M kfgf g+=========

ldlt ljj/0f vl/b cfb]z g+=

k/n d"No ?=

cfDbfgL kl/df0f

vr{sf] kl/df0f

afFsL s}lkmot

b|i6Jo

!= o; vftfdf dfn;fdfgsf] nut ;f/]kl5 cWoIfaf6 vftfsf] l;/df b:tvt u/fO{ k|dfl0ft u/fpg''k5{ . @= k|To]s ;fdfgnfO{ 5'§f5'§} kfgfdf r9fpg'k5{ . #= vftf kfgf g+= ! af6 ;'? u/L vftf gk]m/];Dd lg/Gt/ gDa/ r9fpFb} hfg'k5{ .

cg';"rL !% -v_ -kl/R5]b ( bkmf #! sf] pkbkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_


vr{ eP/ ghfg] lhG;L vftf

;fdfgsf] gfd M kfgf g+=========

ldlt ljj/0f vl/b cfb]z g+=

k/n d"No ?=

cfDbfgL kl/df0f

;d"xsf] sfddf k|of]usf nflu uPsf] kl/df0f

afFsL s}lkmot

b|i6Jo M

!= o; vftfdf dfn;fdfgsf] nut ;f/]kl5 cWoIfaf6 vftfsf] l;/df b:tvt u/fO k|dfl0ft u/fpg'k5{ . @= k|To]s ;fdfgnfO{ 5'§f5'§} kfgfdf r9fpg'k5{ . #= vftf kfgf g+= ! af6 ;'? u/L vftf gk]m/];Dd lg/Gt/ gDa/ r9fpb} hfg'k5{ . $= vr{ gx'g] ;fdfg lnnfd gu/L jf ldGffxf gu/L vr{ hgfpg ldNb}g . %= s}lkmot dxndf vr{ hgfpg'kbf{ s;/L vr{ ePsf] xf] hgfpg'k5{ . To;}u/L s'g} sfd ljz]ifn] s'g} ;fdfg s;}nfO{ lbg'kbf{ dfu kmf/d e/fO{ To;} kmf/ddf a'em]sf] e/kfO u/fO{ lbg ;lsG5 tyf ;f] Joxf]/f s}lkmot dxndf n]Vg'k5{ .

64

cg';"rL !^ -kl/R5]b ( bkmf ## sf] pk–bkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_


a/a'emf/y -gd'gf_

lnlvtd xfdL tkl;nsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ cfUo] >L ==============================;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ljwfgadf]lhd k|To]s =@÷@= jif{df ;fwf/0f ;efn] gofF sfo{ ;ldltsf] rog ug]{ k|lqmofcg';f/ xfn >L ========================= sf] cWoIftf gofF pkef]Qmf -sfo{_ ;ldlt u7g ePsf] ;Gbe{df k'/fgf] pkef]Qmf -sfo{_ ;ldltsf] sf]iffWoIf÷;lrj÷cWoIf==================================sf] lhDdf /x]sf] lgDgadf]lhdsf n]vf;DaGwL sfuhftx¿÷lhG;L dfn;fdfgx¿ a/a'emf/ysf] qmddf Psn] csf]{nfO{ a'emfO{ lbof}+ lnof}+ .

a/a'emf/y ul/Psf] ;fdfgx¿sf] ljj/0f

qm=;+= Dffn;fdfgsf] gfd PsfO kl/df0f s}]lkmot

a'emfpg]sf] a'lemlng]sf]

b:tvt M b:tvt M

gfd M gfd M kb M kb M ldlt M ldlt M

/f]xj/ b:tvt M b:tvt M

gfd / kb M gfd / kb

cWoIf -k'/fgf] sfo{ ;ldlt_ cWoIf -gofF sfo{ ;ldlt_

65

cg';"rL !& -kl/R5]b !) bkmf #* sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

ÒÒÒÒpkef]Stf ;d"x================

lhG;L dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmLsf] ;"rgf -gd'gf_

==============;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] k|of]u u/L xfn sfddf gcfpg] cj:yfdf /x]sf lgDg

lhG;L dfn;fdfgx¿ h] h:tf] cj:yfdf 5, ;f]xL cj:yfdf cfkm\g} vr{df p7fO{ n}hfg'kg]{ u/L

8fs a9fa9 u/fO{ lnnfd laqmL ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf]5 . o; ;d"xaf6

lgDg ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf ul/g] 8fs a9fa9df ;xefuL x'g rfxg] OR5's JolQmx¿sf]

hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o;;DaGwL yk hfgsf/L ;d"xsf] sfof{noaf6

lng ;lsg] 5 .

lnnfdf ul/g] dfn ;fdfgsf] ljj/0f

!= yf]qf ;fOsn yfg—@ @= cf/f yfg—% #= eflRoPsf] kmnfd] s';L{ yfg—! $= sf7sf] 6]a'n yfg—@ %= sf7sf] a]Gr yfg—# hDdf yfg— !#

lnnfd a9fa9 ul/g]

ldlt M

;do M

:yfg M >L ================================pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sfof{no kl/;/, ============= .

66

cg';"rL !* -kl/R5]b !! bkmf $! sf] pk–bkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

ÒÒÒÒpkef]Stf ;d"x================

===================;DaGwL k|:tfjsf nflu tof/ ePsf] sfo{;"rL -gd'gf_

!= k[i7e"ld -Background_ M >L========================;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x ljqmd ;Dat\ @)===== df lhNnf jg sfof{no,=========== df ljlwjt btf{ eO{ cl:tTjdf cfP kl5 o; ;d"xn] ;+/If0f ub}{cfPsf] ======x]= =============;fd'bflos jgsf] sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L lh=j=sf=af6 ldlt======================df :jLs[lt kZrft\ lg/Gt/ ¿kdf Joj:yfkg ub}{cfPsf]5 . pQm sfo{of]hgfsf] klxnf]÷bf];|f]÷t];|f] % jif]{ cjlw ;dfKt eO{ gjLs/0f ug{ ;fd'bflos jgsf] ;j]{If0f / sfo{of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . jf sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L lhNnf jg sfof{no,============af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt u/L sfof{Gjog ug'{k"j{ k|rlnt jftfj/0f;DaGwL sfg'gn] k|:tfjsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/fpg'kg]{ ePsf]n] jf sfo{of]hgfcg';f/ jgsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ Joj:yfkg÷h8La'6L v]tL÷n]vf;DaGwL tflnd lbg -jf cGo s] sfd xf] ;f]sf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ug]{_ k/fdz{ ;]jf cfjZos k/L k/fdz{ ;]jf k|fKt ug{ of] sfo{;"rL tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

@= p2]Zo -Objective_ M o; sfdsf] d'Vo p2]Zo s] xf] pNNf]v ug]{ -pbfx/0fsf nflu k|f=jf=k= jf jf=k|=d"=sf nflu o:tf] p2]Zo /fVg ;lsG5—;fd'bflos jgsf] k|:tfljt sfo{of]hgf ;~rfng ubf{ o;n] :yfgLo jftfj/0fdf kfg]{ k|efjsf ;DaGwdf cWoog u/L k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ x'g]5 . o;sf vf; p2]Zox¿ -Specific objectives_ df -s_ sfo{of]hgf -k|:tfj_ sfof{Gjogn] kfg]{ ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds k|efjsf] klxrfg u/L ;sf/fTds k|efjnfO{ clwstd ug]{ / gsf/fTds k|efjnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ k|rlnt sfg'gsf] kl/lwleq /xL k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L :jLs[t k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ . -v_ :jLs[t k|ltj]bgsf cGt/j:t'sf af/]df sfo{ ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] . -u_ cGo s]xL eP .

jf cGo sfo{sf nflu ;f]xLcg';f/ p2]Zo lgwf{/0f ug'{k5{ h:t} tflnd ;~rfng ug'{kg]{ xf] eg] ======= hgfnfO{ o:tf] tflnd ;~rfng ug]{ jf sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ ePdf o; jgsf] % jif]{ !) jif]{ sfo{ of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ s'/f p2]Zo cGtu{t /fVg'k5{ .

67

#= lqmofsnfkx¿ -Activities_

plNnlvt p2]Zox¿ xf;ln ug{ k/fdz{bftfn] ug{'[kg]{ lqmofsnfkx¿

• ;d"xsf] ljutsf / jt{dfg sfo{of]hgf k|fKt u/L lj:t[t cWoog ug]{ .

• ;fd'bflos jgsf] :ynut e|d0f tyf pkef]Qmf;Fu 5nkmn cfjZos hfgsf/L tyf tYofFs k|fKt ug]{

• sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogn] kfg]{ cg's"n tyf k|lts"n k|efjsf] klxrfg / cfFsng ug]{ .

• ;sf/fTds k|efjnfO{ clwstd ug]{ tyf gsf/fTds k|efjnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ pko'Qm ;'emfj;lxt sf] jftfj/0fLo Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf k|:tfj ug]{ .

• k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg ljsf; u/L k]z ug]{ .

jf

sfdcg';f/sf] s] s] ultljlwx¿ k/fdz{bftfn] ug'[{kg]{ xf] pNn]v ug]{ .

$= sfo{ljlw -Methodology_

o; cGtu{t k/fdz{bftfn] ckgfpg'kg]{ sfo{ljlw tf]lslbg'kg]{5 . h:t} jf=k|=d'=sf nflu—

• ;Gbe{;fdfu|Lx¿sf] ;dLIff

• gS;fsf] cWoog

• k|yd ;|f]tsf] hfgsf/L ;+sng ug{ :ynut cWoog -jt{dfg jftfj/0fx¿— ef}lts, h}ljs tyf ;fdflhs cfly{s cflb_, pkef]Qmf 5nkmn, cGtlq{mof,

• k|ltj]bg tof/L

• cfjZostfcg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{

• clGtd k|ltj]bg

jf tflnd ;~rfng ug{'kg]{ eP

• pkef]Qmfsf] Ifdtf cWoog

• tflnd ;fdu|L - Training materials_ lgdf{0f

k/fdz{bftf;Fu lnOg] ;]jfsf nflu ;DkGg ug'[{kg]{ sfo{ljlw tof/ ul/lbg'k5{ . oBlk lj:t[t sfo{ljlw k/fdz{bftfn] g} tof/ ug]{5g\ .

%= ;do ;Ldf (Time Schedule) o;cGtu{t k/fdz{ ;]jf k|fKt ug{ rfx]sf] ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt lqmofsnfksf nflu s] slt ;do nfU5 pNn]v ul/lbg'k5{ . jftfj/0fLo k|efj cWoogsf nflu

68

lqmofsnfkx¿ k|yd dlxgf

bf];|f] dlxgf

t];|f] dlxgf

rf}yf] dlxgf

kfFrf} dlxgf

!= ;Gbe{;fdfu|Lsf] ;dLIff tyf ;"rgf k|sfzg

x.x. .

@= If]qlgwf{/0fsf nflu :ynut e|d0f . .x.

#= If]q lgwf{/0f k|ltj]bg tyf sfo{;"rLsf] tof/L

. . .x x. . .

$= If]q lgwf{/0f k|ltj]bg tyf sfo{;"rL :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{

.x. .

%= :jLs[lt k|fKt x'g] cg'dflgt ;do . .x. x

^= :ynut e|d0f –ef}lts jftfj/0f, h}ljs jftfj/0f tyf ;fdflhs cfly{s jftfj/0f;DaGwdf cWoog - df6f] / kfglsf] gd'gf ;+sng

x.x. .

&= hfgsf/Lsf] ;+Zn]if0f tyf d:of}bf tof/L . . x.x

*= ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO x. . .

(= ;'emfj ;dfj]z u/L clGtd k|ltj]bg tof/L

.x. .

!) :jLs[ltsf nflu clGtd k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ . . x.

^= ljz]if1x¿ -Experts_ o;cGtu{t k/fdz{ ;]jf rflxg] ljifosf nflu cfjZos ljz]if1x¿sf] hfgsf/L /fVg'k5{ .

pbfx/0fsf nflu jf=k|=d"= sf nflu rflxg] ljz]if1x¿

!= ;+of]hs tyf jftfj/0f lj1

@= jg ljz]if1

#= jGohGt' tyf r/f ljz]if1

$= jg:klt lj1

%= ;fdflhs cy{zf:qL

^= ;xfosx¿

&= k|ltkmn o;cGtu{t k/fdz{ ;]jf kZrft\ k|fKt x'g] pknAqL pNn]v ug{'k5{ . pbfx/sf nflu jf=k|=d"= ;DaGwdf cfzf ul/psf] k|ltkmn

• lj1fg, k|ljlw tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnoaf6 :jLs[t sfo{of]hgf -k|:tfj_ sf] jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg .

69

cg';"rL !( -s_ -kl/R5]b !! bkmf $@ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

ÒÒÒÒpkef]Stf ;d"x, ===========

-k|:tfj dfu ubf{ k|sflzt ug]{ ;"rgfsf] gd'gf_

k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷ jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ k|:tfj k]z ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf

k|yd k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldlt M

o; jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkg ub}{cfPsf] lhNnf===================sf] ==============uflj; j8f g+=== l:yt &%)÷!@)) x]= If]qkmn ePsf] =============;fd'bflos jgsf] kl5Nnf] sfo{of]hgfsf] % jif]{ cjlw ;dfKt eO{ sfo{of]hgf gjLs/0f u/L :jLs[lt u/fpg] l;nl;nfdf k|rlnt jftfj/0f sfg'gcg';f/ k|:tfj -sfo{of]hgf_ sf] :jLs[ltk"j{ To;sf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷ jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg u/fpg'kg]{ ePsf]n] ;f] sfo{ ug{;Sg] OR5's k/fdz{bftf ;+:yfaf6 ;+lIfKt k|:tfj k]z ug{ of] #) lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o; sfo{sf] nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] sfo{;"rL tyf cGo hfgsf/L sfof{naf6 k|fKt ug{;lsg]5 .

!= k|:tfj;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿

s_ gjLs/0f;lxtsf] ;+:yf btf{ k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk

v_ ;+:yfaf6 xfn;Dd k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷jftfj/0f k|efj d"NofÍg;lxt

;Dkfbg ePsf sfo{x¿sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f

u_ ;+:yfsf] kl5Nnf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk

3_ ;+nUg x'g] ljz]if1x¿sf] gfdfjnL / z}lIfs of]Uotf / cg'ej

@= k|:tfj k]z ug'[kg]{ clGtd ldltM ========================:yfg============= ;do===============

#= ;Dks{ 7]ufgf / gDa/

>L ==========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x, ============, =========

;Dks{ gDa/ M

70

cg';"rL !( -v_ -kl/R5]b !! bkmf $@ ;Fu ;DalGwt_



jg ;j]{If0f / sfo{ of]hgf lgdf{0f÷sfo{ of]hgf ;+zf]wg jf kl/dfh{g


o; jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkg ub}{cfPsf] lhNnf===================sf] ==============uflj; j8f g+=== l:yt &%)÷!@)) x]= If]qkmn ePsf] =============;fd'bflos jgsf] lj:t[t ;j]{If0f u/L sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f jf sfo{of]hgf ;+zf]wg kl/dfh{g ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] ;f] sfo{ ug{;Sg] OR5's JolQm jf k/fdz{bftf ;+:yfaf6 ;+lIfKt k|:tfj k]z ug{ of] #) lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o; sfo{sf] nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] sfo{;"rL tyf cGo hfgsf/L sfof{naf6 k|fKt ug{;lsg]5 .

!= k|:tfj;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿ s_ JolQm eP Kofg btf{ / afof]8f6f

v_ ;+:yf eP gjLs/0f;lxtsf] ;+:yf btf{ k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, Kofg btf{ k|ltlnlk

v_ JolQm jf ;+:yfaf6 xfn;Dd ;Dkfbg ePsf sfo{x¿sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f -jg ;j]{If0f /

sfo{ of]hgf lgdf{0f, kl/dfh{g ;+zf]wg cflb_



@= k|:tfj k]z ug'[kg]{ clGtd ldltM ========================:yfg============= ;do===============


>L ==========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x, ============, =========

;Dks{ gDa/ M

71

cg';"rL !( -u_ -kl/R5]b !! bkmf $@ ;Fu ;DalGwt_



========================sfdsf] gfd


o; jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkg ub}{cfPsf] lhNnf===================sf] ==============uflj; j8f g+=== l:yt &%)÷!@)) x]= If]qkmn ePsf] =============;fd'bflos jgsf ==============hgf pkef]Qmfsf nflu -jg Joj:yfkg, cfunfuL lgoGq0f,n]vf==========_ ;DaGwL tflnd lbg'kg]{ ePsf]n] jf ;fd'bflos jgdf h8La'6L v]tL ÷kof{ko{6g sfo{ ;~rfng ug'kg]{ ePsf]n] ;f]sf] n]–cfp6;lxtsf] gS;f tyf nfut vr{;lxtsf] sfo{of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] ;f] sfo{ ug{;Sg] OR5's JolQm jf k/fdz{bftf ;+:yfaf6 ;+lIfKt k|:tfj k]z ug{ of] #) lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o; sfo{sf] nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] sfo{;"rL tyf cGo hfgsf/L sfof{naf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .

!= k|:tfj;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿ s_ JolQm eP Kofg btf{ / afof]8f6f

v_ ;+:yf eP gjLs/0f;lxtsf] ;+:yf btf{ k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, Kofg btf{ k|ltlnlk

v_ JolQm jf ;+:yfaf6 xfn;Dd ;Dkfbg ePsf sfo{x¿sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f -jg ;j]{If0f /

sfo{ of]hgf lgdf{0f, kl/dfh{g ;+zf]wg cflb_



@= k|:tfj k]z ug{kg]{ clGtd ldltM ========================:yfg============= ;do===============


>L ==========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x, ============, =========

;Dks{ gDa/ M

72

cg';"rL @) -kl/R5]b !! bkmf $# ;Fu ;DalGwt_

-s_ k/fdz{ ;]jf;Fu ldNg] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf nflu M k"0ff{Í #)

!= 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿ ;xfosafx]s ;a}n] ljBfjfl/lw k|fKt u/]sf] eP #) cª\s @= 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿ ;xfosafx]s cfwfeGbf a9Ln] ljBfjfl/lw / cGon] :gfsf]Q/ k|fKt u/]sf] eP @& cª\s #= 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿ ;xfosafx]s cfwfn] ljBfjfl/lw / cGon] :gftsf]Q/ k|fKt u/]sf] eP @$ cª\s $= 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿ ;xfosafx]s ! hgf ljBfjfl/lw / cGo ;a}n]] :gftsf]Q/ k|fKt u/]sf] eP @! cª\s %= 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿ ;xfosafx]s ;a}n]] :gftsf]Q/ k|fKt u/]sf] eP @) cª\s ^= 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿ ;xfosafx]s cfwfeGbf a9Ln]] :gftsf]Q/ / cGon] :gfts l8u|L k|fKt u/]sf] eP !* cª\s tyf a/fj/ eP !% cª\s &= ;a}n] ;DalGwt cfjZos ljifodf :gfts tx kf; u/]sf] eP !@ cª\s *= jg ;j]{If0f tyf sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu ljBfjfl/lw eP #) cª\s, :gftsf]Q/ eP @$ cª\s / :gfts eP !* cª\s tyf % jif{sf] cg'ej / slDtdf Ps sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/]sf] tyf k|lj0ftf k|df0fkq eP !^ cª\s -v_ k|:tfjsf] u'0f:t/sf nflu M k"0ff{Í @)

!= clt pQd @) cª\s @= pQd !^ cª\s #= 7Ls} !@ cª\s $= ;fwf/0f $–* cª\s %= :t/xLg ) cª\s

-u_ sfdsf] cg'ejsf nflu M k"0ff{Í #)

!= dfu ul/Psf] k|:tfj;Fu k"/} d]n vfg] % j6f jf a9L sfd ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] eP #) cª\s . @= dfu ul/Psf] k|:tfj;Fu d]n vfg] !–@ j6f jf / cGo ;f]xL k|sf/sf $ j6f sfd ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] eP @$–@^ cª\s . #= dfu ul/Psf] k|:tfj;Fu k'/} d]n gvfg] t/ cGo ;f]xL k|sf/sf $ j6f sfd ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] eP @) cª\s . $= dfu ul/Psf] k|:tfj;Fu k'/} d]n gvfg] t/ cGo ;f]xL k|sf/sf @ j6f sfd ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] eP !% cª\s .

73

%= dfu ul/Psf] k|:tfj;Fu k'/} d]n gvfg] t/ cGo ;f]xL k|sf/sf ! j6f sfd ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] eP !@ cª\s . ^= cg'ejxLg ) cª\s . -3_ k|:tfjsf] cfly{s kIf -ah]6_ k"0ff{Í @)

!= nfut Oli6d]6eGbf a9L ) @= nfut Oli6d]6 leq pbfx/0f s_ ^,)),))).– v_ %,%),))).– u_ %,)),))).–

t;y{ ;a}eGbf 36L saf]n u/]sf] /sd = %,)),))).– pko'Qm cfwf/df cfly{s kIfdf kfpg] cª\s u0fgf ug]{ tl/sf—

s_ %))))) X @)÷^))))) = !^=^^

v_ %))))) X @)÷%%)))) = !*=!*

u_ %))))) X @)÷%))))) = @)

gf]6 M %) eGbf sd cª\s k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjnfO{ 5gf}6 ul/g] 5}g .

74

cg';"rL @! -kl/R5]b !! bkmf $& ;Fu ;DalGwt_

>L =========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x

;Demf}tfsf] gd'gf

>L ========================k|f=ln= / >L =========================pkef]Qmf ;d"x, ========== aLr k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f ÷jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"Nofg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{;DaGwdf ePsf] ;Demf}tf

>L=================== ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x,============= -o;kl5 ;d"x elgPsf]_ n] tof/

kf/]sf] sfo{of]hgf -k|:tfj_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no,============af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt u/L sfof{Gjog ug'{k"j{ k|rlnt jftfj/0f;DaGwL sfg'gn] k|:tfjsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f÷jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/fpg'kg]{ ePsf] ;Gbe{df ;d"xaf6 ldlt===============df k|sflzt ;"rgfcg';f/ k|fKt k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgkl5 >L ============================k|f=ln=, ========, -o; kl5 k/fdz{bftf elgPsf]_ 5gf}6df k/L k/fdz{bftfn] k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L If]qLo jg lgb]{zgfno÷jg ljefu ÷lj1fg, k|ljlw tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnoaf6 :jLs[lt u/fO{ pknAw u/fpg k|ltj4tf hgfPsf]n] ;d"x / k/fdz{bftf b'a} kIf b]xfodf pNn]v ePsf ;t{x¿ kfng ug]{ u/L of] ;Eemf}tf ub{5f}+ . !_ of] ;Demf}tf ePsf] !) lbgleq ;d"xdf a'emfPsf] k|:tfjdf plNnlvt ljlw tyf sfo{tflnsfcg';f/ k/fdz{bftfn] sfd ;'? u/L ! jif{leq k|ltj]bg a'emfpg'kg]{5 . @_ k/fdz{bftfnfO{ k|f=jf= ÷jf=k|=d"= k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg{ cfjZos kg]{ ;d"xsf] ljwfg, gjLs/0fsf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] sfo{of]hgfsf] k|ltlnlk, k'/fgf sfo{of]hgfsf k|ltlnlkx¿ tyf ;d"xn] o;clw u/]sf] jg k}bfjf/ laqmLnufotsf cGo hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg]5 . #_ lkmN8 cWoogsf] qmddf kg]{ cfjZos ;xof]u -jgsf] rf/ lsNnf b]vfpg], jg 3'dfpg], ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ug]{, ;f] ;"rgf jftfj/0f sf'ggn] tf]s]sf] ;+:yfdf k7fpg] / k|ltlqmof lng], ;fdflhs cfly{s tYofÍ ;Íng ug{ pkef]Qmfx¿;Fu x'g] 5nkmnsf] jftfj/0f tof/ ul/lbg]h:tf_ k|bfg ug]{5 . To;}u/L ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfOsf] jftfj/0f tof/ kfg]{, ;DalGwt uflj; g=kf=af6 k|fKt ug'{kg]{ l;kmfl/; k|fKt ug]{ sfo{sf] nflu klg ;d"xn] ;xof]u ug]{5 . $_ ;d"xn] k|f=jf=k= ÷jf=k|=d"= k|ltj]bg tof/L -:jLs[lt;lxt_ sfo{sf] nflu s'n ?================ e'QmfgL lbg]5 . of] /sd # ls:tfdf k|bfg ug]{5 . kxnf] ls:tfjfkt @% k|ltzt /sd ;Demf}tf u/]kl5 k|bfg ug{]5 . bf];|f] ls:tf :j¿k $% k|ltzt /sd If]qlgwf{/0f k|ltj]bg / sfo{;"rL lj1fg, k|ljlw tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnoaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 k|bfg ug{]5 . clGtd ls:tfjfktsf] #) k|ltzt /sd jf=k|=d"= :jLs[t eO{ ;f] hfgsf/L;lxt lj1fg, k|ljlw tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnosf] 5fk nfu]sf] @ k|lt k|ltj]bg ;d"xnfO{ k|fKt ePkl5 k|bfg ug{]5 .

75

%_ ;d"xn] bkmf $ cg';f/ k/fdz{bftfnfO{ lbg saf]n u/]sf] s'n /sddWo] k/fdz{bftfsf ljz]if1x¿n] kfpg]] kfl/>ldsaf6 !% k|ltzt s/ -l6=l8=P;=_ clGtd ls:tfaf6 s6\6L u/L afFsL /sd dfq e'QmfgL ug]{]5 . ^_ k/fdz{bftfn] ;Demf]}tfcg';f/ sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ g;s]df jf aLrdf sfd 5f]8L uPdf ;d"xn] k/fdz{bftfnfO{ e'QmfgL u/]sf] /sddf !) k|ltzt hf]8L ;d"xn] /sd lkmtf{ug{ lbPsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] & lbg leq a'emfpg'kg]{5 . ;f] ;doleq /sd lkmtf{ gu/] ;d"xn] k/fdz{bftf lj?4 s/f/ P]gcg';f/ sfg'gL k|lqmof ;'? ug{;Sg]5 . &_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf s]xL ljjfb eP lhNnf jg sfof{non] ;dGjo u/L lg0f{o ul/lbg]5 . lhNnf jg sfof{no lbPsf] lg0f{o b'a}kIfnfO{ dfGo x'g]5 . *_ of] ;Demf}tf o;df b'a} kIfaf6 x:tfIf/ ePsf] ldltaf6 nfu" x'g]5 .

(_ o; ;Demf}tfsf ;a} bkmfx¿ cg';f/ ug{ u/fpg xfdL b'a} kIf cfk;df ;xdt eO{ cfh ldlt ======================== df ;d"x / pBf]usf] tkm{af6 tkl;nsf ;fIfLx¿sf] /f]xj/df x:tfIf/ u/L Ps Ps k|lt a'emL lnof}+ lbof}+ .

>L ====== ==============-k|f=_ ln=sf] tkm{jf6 ============== ;fd'bflos jg ;d"xsf] tkm{jf6

gfd M gfd M

x:tfIf/ M x:tfIf/ M

bhf{ M bhf{ M

7]ufgf M 7]ufgf M

ldlt M ldlt M

;fIfLsf] gfd M ;fIfLsf] gfd M

x:tfIf/ M x:tfIf/ M

7]ufgf M 7]ufgf M

ldlt M ldlt M

;fIfLsf] gfd M ;fIfLsf] gfd M

x:tfIf/ M x:tfIf/ M

7]ufgf M 7]ufgf M

ldlt M ldlt M

76

cg';"rL @@ -kl/R5]b !@ bkmf $* sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

==================== pkef]Qmf ;d"x

cfDbfgLsf] dfl;s ljj/0f kmf/d

qm=;+= cfDbfgL zLif{s

;ª\s]t g+ ut dlxgf ;Ddsf] cfDbfgL

o; dlxgfsf] cfDbfgL

hDdf

kfgf #^ df pNn]v ePsf] sf/f]jf/sf] @)&) efb| dlxgfsf] cDbfgLsf] dfl;s ljj/0f

qm=;+= cfDbfgL zLif{s

;ª\s]t g+ ut dlxgf ;Ddsf] cfDbfgL

o; dlxgfsf] cfDbfgL

hDdf

!= jg k}bjf/ las|Laf6 @=))

sf7 @=)!

vfFaf @=)@

bfp/f @=)# ) !@,))).– !@,))).–

s[lif cf}hf/ @=)$

;f]Q/÷8fn]3fF; ÷eF"O3fF; @=)%

h8La'6L @=)^

@= cg'bfg #=))

;/sf/L #=)!

u}/ ;/sf/L #=)@

cGo -JolQmut;d]t_ #=)#

$= b08 hl/jfgf $=))

%= ;b:otf z'Ns %=))

k|j]z z'Ns %=)! ) !%,))).– !%,))).–

;b:otf z'Ns %=)@

gljs/0f %=)#

^= C0f cfDbfgL ^=))

&= cGo cfo -k'/:sf/ cflb_ &=)) ) @%,))).– @%,))).–

hDdf %@,))).– %@,))).–

77

cg';"rL @# -kl/R5]b !@ bkmf $* sf] pk–bkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

==================== pkef]Qmf ;d"x

vr{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f kmf/d qm=;+= vr{sf] zLif{s

;ª\s]t g+= ut dlxgf

;Ddsf] vr{ o; dlxgfsf] vr{

hDdf

kfgf #) df pNn]v ePsf] sf/f]jf/sf] @)&) efb| dlxgfsf] vr{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f qm=;+= vr{sf] zLif{s

;ª\s]t g+= ut dlxgf

;Ddsf] vr{ o; dlxgfsf] vr{

hDdf

!= k|zf;lgs vr{ !=))

tna eQf !=)! ) !%,))).– !%,))).–

a}7s, lrofkfg !=)@

Tflnd, uf]i7L, cWoog e|d0f !=)#

:6]zg/L !=)$ ) #,$%).– #,$%).–

kfgL, lah'nL / 6]lnkmf]g !=)% ) ^)).– ^)).–

Eff8f / cf}hf/ !=)^ ) #,))).– #,))).–

sfof{no ;fdfg !=)&

ljljw-n]=k=z'Ns, kz' cfxf/,OGwg / cGo vr{_

!=)*

@= jg Joj:yfkg vr{ @=))

jg ;+/If0f @=)!

jg ljsf; @=)@ ) !@,))).– !@,))).–

jg ;b'kof]u @=)#

#= cGo ljsf; vr{ #=))

;+:yfut ljsf; #=)!

;fd'bflos ljsf; #=)@

$= ljkGg ju{ nlIft hLljsf]kfh{g

$=))

%= cg'bfg, rGbf, ;xof]u %=))

^= w/f}6L lkmtf{ ^=))

&= cGo &=))

hDdf #$,)%).– #$,)%).–

km5\of}{6 gePsf] k]ZsL ) !),))) .– !),))) .–

of] dlxgfsf] art ) &,(%).– &,(%).–

78

cg';"rL @$ -kl/R5]b !@ bkmf $* sf] pk–bkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

==================== pkef]Qmf ;d"x

cfDbfgL vr{sf] jflif{s ljj/0f -jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f_

cfDbfgL vr{ qm=;++ cfDbfgL zLif{s

;ª\s]t g+=

/sd vr{ zLif{s ;ª\s]t g+= /sd

!= jg k}bjf/ las|Laf6 @=)) k|zf;lgs vr{ !=)) sf7 @=)! tna eQf !=)!

vfFaf @=)@ a}7s, lrofkfg !=)@ bfp/f @=)# Tflnd, uf]i7L, cWoog

e|d0f !=)#

s[lif cf}hf/ @=)$ :6]zg/L !=)$ ;f]Q/÷8fn]3fF; ÷eF"O3fF; @=)% kfgL, lah'nL / 6]lnkmf]g !=)% h8La'6L @=)^ Eff8f / cf}hf/ !=)^ @= cg'bfg #=)) sfof{no ;fdfg !=)& ;/sf/L #=)! ljljw-n]=k=z'Ns, kz'

cfxf/,OGwg / cGo vr{_

!=)*

u}/ ;/sf/L #=)@ jg Joj:yfkg vr{ @=)) cGo -JolQmut;d]t_ #=)# jg ;+/If0f @=)! $= b08 hl/jfgf $=)) jg ljsf; @=)@ %= ;b:otf z'Ns %=)) jg ;b'kof]u @=)# k|j]z z'Ns %=)! cGo ljsf; vr{ #=)) ;b:otf z'Ns %=)@ ;+:yfut ljsf; #=)! gljs/0f %=)# ;fd'bflos ljsf; #=)@ ^= C0f cfDbfgL ^=)) ljkGg ju{ nlIft

hLljsf]kfh{g

$=))

&= cGo cfo -k'/:sf/ cflb_ &=)) cg'bfg, rGbf, ;xof]u

%=))

cGo ^=))

79

kfgf g++ #^ sf] sf/f]jf/nfO{ jflif{s sf/f]jf/ ;DemL ca o; kmf/dnfO{ e/L x]/f}+ M

cfDbfgL vr{sf] jflif{s ljj/0f -jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f_

cf= j= )&).&!

cfDbfgL vr{ qm=;++

cfDbfgL zLif{s

;ª\s]t g+=

/sd vr{ zLif{s ;ª\s]t g+=

/sd

!= jg k}bjf/ las|Laf6 @=)) k|zf;lgs vr{ !=))

sf7 @=)! tna eQf !=)! !%,))).–

vfFaf @=)@ a}7s, lrofkfg !=)@

bfp/f @=)# !@,))).– Tflnd, uf]i7L, cWoog e|d0f

!=)#

s[lif cf}hf/ @=)$ :6]zg/L !=)$ #$%).–

;f]Q/÷8fn]3fF; ÷eF"O3fF; @=)% kfgL, lah'nL / 6]lnkmf]g

!=)% ^)).–

h8La'6L @=)^ Eff8f / cf}hf/ !=)^ #,))).–

@= cg'bfg #=)) sfof{no ;fdfg !=)&

;/sf/L #=)! ljljw-n]=k=z'Ns, kz' cfxf/,OGwg / cGo vr{_

!=)*

u}/ ;/sf/L #=)@ jg Joj:yfkg vr{ @=))

cGo -JolQmut;d]t_ #=)# jg ;+/If0f @=)!

$= b08 hl/jfgf $=)) jg ljsf; @=)@ !@,))).–

%= ;b:otf z'Ns %=)) jg ;b'kof]u @=)# k|j]z z'Ns %=)! !%))).– cGo ljsf; vr{ #=)) ;b:otf z'Ns %=)@ ;+:yfut ljsf; #=)! gljs/0f %=)# ;fd'bflos ljsf; #=)@ ^= C0f cfDbfgL ^=)) ljkGg ju{ nlIft

hLljsf]kfh{g

$=))

&= cGo cfo -k'/:sf/ cflb_ &=)) @%,))).– cg'bfg, rGbf, ;xof]u

%=))

cGo ^=))

km5\of]{6 gePsf] k]ZsL !),))).–

cl3Nnf] cf=j= sf] df}Hbft of] jif{sf] jrt &,(%).–

gub – clGtd df}Hbft

a}+s ) Gub

hDDff

%@))).– hDdf %@,))).–

80

cl3Nnf] cf=j= ;Ddsf] df}Hbft

clGtd df}Hbft

gub Gub ^$)).–

a}+s a}+s !%%).–

lbg'kg{] –

of] jif{sf] jrt÷-3f6f_ &(%).– lng'kg]{ –

hDdf &(%).– hDdf &(%).–

3/f}6L cfDbfgL !),))). – 3/f}6L df}Hbft !),))). –

81

cg';"rL @% -kl/R5]b !@ bkmf $( ;Fu ;DalGwt_

==================== pkef]Qmf ;d"x

a}s lstfj -vftf_

uf]=ef= g+ ldlt ljj/0f 8]la6 qm]l86 afFsL pbfx/0fsf] nflu ca @)&) efb|sf] a}ª\s vftf agfO{ cEof; u/f}+ .

uf]=ef= g+=

ldlt ljj/0f 8]la6 qm]l86 afFsL

ut cf=j=sf] afFsL /sd c= Nof= – – @ )&).%.# k|j]z z'Ns gub a}+s bflvnf !%,))).– – !%,))).– #= )&).%.# >fj0f dlxgfsf] 3/ ef8f e'QmfgL – @,&)).– !@,#)).– $= )&).%.% >fj0f dlxgfsf] 3/ ef8f e'QmfgL

ubf{ s/ s6\6L ul/Psf] /sd /fh:j bflvnf

– #)).– !@,))).–

^= )&).%.% ;lrj s[i0fxl/nfO{ :6]zg/L vl/b ug{ k]ZsL uPsf]

– #,))).– (,))).–

*= )&).%.* k'/:sf/ /sd gub a}+s bflvnf @%,))).– – #$,))).– (= )&).%.* lbn axfb'/ tdfªnfO{ k]ZsL – !),))).– @$,))).– !!= )&).%.!% s];L xf8{j]onfO{ e'QmfgL – &,))).– !&,))).– !#= )&).%.@% ;lrj s[i0fxl/sf] k]ZsL k]=km= u/L

afFsL /sd e'QmfgL – $%).– !^,%%).–

!$= )&).%.#! sd{rf/Lx¿sf] >fj0f / efb| dlxgfsf] tna eQf e'QmfgL

– !%,))).– !,%%).–

of] a}ªs vftfcg';f/ efb| dlxgfsf] cGTodf ;d"x;Fu ?= !,%%).–afFsL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L afFsL /x]sf] /sd csf]{ dlxgfdf lhDd]jf/L ;f/L lx;fa /fVb} hfg'k5{ .

82

cg';"rL @^ -kl/R5]b !$ bkmf %^ sf] pk–bkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_

l6Kk0fLsf] gd'gf -!_

>L =================================jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x

============uflj;, ===============-lhNnf_

ldltM ===========

ljifo M lnnfd ul/Psf] n6 g+= # sf] @%) 3g lkm6 sf7sf] laqmL :jLs[lt ;DaGwdf .

-l6Kk0fL / cfb]z_

>Ldfg\, o; jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] :jLs[t sfo{of]hgfcg';f/ Joj:yfkg ub}{cfPsf] =============== ===== ;fd'bflos jgaf6 cf=j========== sf] ;b'kof]u sfo{qmdcGtu{t ;Íng eO{ ============3f6u2Ldf /x]sf] n6 g+= # sf] ===========hftsf] yfg===========sf] s'n @%) 3g lkm6 sf7 o; ;d"xn] ldlt ======================df lnnfd laqmLsf] nflu /fli6«o b}lgs ============================== df k|sflzt u/]sf] ;"rgfcg';f/ kg{cfPsf % l;naGbL af]nkqx¿ ldlt================ df jf]nkqbftfx¿sf] pkl:ylt / sfof{no k|ltlglwx¿sf] /f]xj/df vf]nL x]bf{ kg{cfPsf % af]nkqdWo] >L ===============n] bfv]nf u/]sf] af]nkq /Ltk"j{s gePsf]n] To;nfO{ cnUofO{ afFsL /Ltk"j{s /x]sf $ af]nkqx¿sf] t'ngfTds tflnsf lgDgfg';f/ 5—

gfd kl/df0f ;sf/ cª\s !)% n] x'g] w/f}6L != >L k|sfz sfi7 pBf]u, jf/f @%) 3= lkm= #,!),))).– #!,))).– @= >L kflye/f sfi7 pBf]u, sf7df8f}+ @%) 3= lkm= #,)),))).– #),))).– #= >L eb|sfnL sfi7 pBf]u, x]6f}+8f @%) 3= lkm= @,(),))).– @(,))).– $= >L dxfsfnL sfi7 pBf]u, lrtjg @%) 3= lkm= @,%),))).– @%,))).– plNnlvt $ af]nkqx¿dWo] >L k|sfz sfi7 pBf]u, jf/fn] saf]n u/]sf] /sd o; ;d"xn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd d"No ?= @ nfv eGbf ?=! nfv !) xhf/ a9L ePsf]n] a9L saf]njfnf k|sfz sfi7 pBf]usf] gfddf laqmL :jLs[ltsf nflu pkef]Qmf sfo{ ;ldltdf k]z x'g o;;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfuhft ;+nUg /fvL l6Kk0fL cufl8 a9fPsf] 5' .

b:tvt============== sf]iffWoIf

83

-l6Kk0fL / cfb]z_ >L cWoIf Ho", k]z ePcg';f/ ;f=j=sf] cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgb]{lzsf, @)&! sf] bkmf #( sf] pkbkmf -!_

cg';f/ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] lg0f{on] laqmLsf] :jLs[t x'g k]z u/]sf] 5' . b:tvt==========

-========gfd================_ ;lrj

cfufdL pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] a}7sdf 5nkmn / :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{ u/L ;b/ .

b:tvt============= -==========gfd===============_

cWoIf

-sfo{ ;ldltaf6 laqmL ;b/ ePkl5 o; kmfondf sfo{ ;ldltsf] a}7s a;L laqmL ;b/ ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] k|ltlnlk ;+nUg u/L /fVg'k5{ ._

84

l6Kk0fLsf] gd'gf -@_ >L =================================jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x

============uflj;, ===============-lhNnf_ ldltM ===========

ljifo M lhG;L ;fdfgsf] lnnfd laqmL :jLs[lt ;DaGwdf .

-l6Kk0fL / cfb]z_

>Ldfg\, o; jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] lhG;L nutdf /x]sf lgDg ;fdfgx¿ k'/fgf eO{ sfddf gcfpg] eO{ pkef]Qmf -sfo{_ ;ldltsf] ldlt =============df a;]sf] a}7saf6 lnnfd u/L x6fpg] lg0f{o ePsf] 5—

!= yf]qf ;fOsn yfg—@ @= cf/f yfg—% #= eflRoPsf] kmnfd] s';L{ yfg—! $= sf7sf] 6]a'n yfg—@ %= sf7sf] a]Gr yfg—# hDdf yfg— !# plNnlvt dfn;fdfgsf] ldlt===============df ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd d"No ?=@))) af6 8fs a9fa9 ;'? u/fpFbf 8fFs a9fa9df ;xefuL x'g]x¿dWo] >L /fw]Zofd dxtf], O6x/Ln] ;a}eGbf a9L ?= @%)).– clGtd af]nL nufPsf] / lghn] saf]n u/]sf] /sdeGbf ;xefuL cGo s'g}n] klg a9L af]Ng OR5f hfx]/ gu/]sf]n] >L dxtf]sf] af]nLnfO{ g} clGtd af]nL sfod u/L lghaf6 ? @%).– gub w/f}6L;d]t k|fKt ePsf]n] lghsf] gfddf laqmL ;b/ ug]{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg of] l6Kk0fL k]z u/]sf] 5' .

b:tvt============== -==========gfd ======_

sf]iffWoIf >L cWoIfHo", k]z ePcg';f/ ;f=j=sf] cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgb]{lzsf, @)&! sf] bkmf #( sf] pkbkmf -!_ cg';f/ :jLs[t x'g d'gfl;a b]vL k]Zf u/]sf] 5' .

b:tvt============== -==========gfd ======_

;lrj ;b/ .

b:tvt====================

85

cWoIf

cg';"rL @& -kl/R5]b !% bkmf ^) ;Fu ;DalGwt_

============pkef]Qmf ;d"x

cfDbfgL vr{sf] vftf -/lhi6/_

qm=;+= ldlt ljj/0f cfDbfgL vr{ afFsL

cEof;sf nflu of] vftfdf r9fpg] tl/sf M

qm=;+= ldlt ljj/0f cfDbfgL vr{ afFsL ut jif{sf] afFsL /sd ;f/]sf] @#)).– – @#)).– != @)&).)$.)# 3fF; laqmLjfkt gub cfDbfgL *)). – #!)).– @= @)&).)$.@) b08 hl/jfgf gub cfDbfgL %)).– – #^)).– #= @)&).)$.@% :6]zg/L vl/b – &)).– @()).– $= @)&).)%.)( k|j]z z'Ns gub k|fKt !))).– – #()).– %= @)&).)%.@# sfo{ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf

lrofkfg vr{ – #@%.– #%&%.–

^= @)&).)^.@* sfo{ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf lrofkfg vr{

– #@%.– #@%).–

&= @)&).)&.)% & hgfnfO{ bfp/f laqmL #%)).– – ^&%).– *= @)&).)&.@# :6]zg/L vl/b – *)).– %(%).– (= @)&).)*.)# Kfx'gfnfO{ lrofkfg – @)).– %&%).– !)= @)&).)*.)# jg ;Da4{g vr{ – @!)).– #^%).– !!= @)&).)(.)! # hgfaf6 vfFaf laqmLjfkt

gub k|fKt #))).– – ^^%).–

!@= @)&).)(.)# ;f=j=df afv|f r/fPjfkt b08 %%).– – &@)).– !#= @)&).!!.)# ;fwf/0f ;efdf lrofkfg – #))).– $@)).– !$= @)&).!@.)* lh=j=sf=af6 cg'bfg %))).– – (@)).– !%= @)&).!@.)* lh=j=sf= hfFbf cfpFbf vfgf

a:g vr{ – ()).– *#)).–

!^= @)&!.)!.)% sfo{ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf – #)).– *))).–

86

lrofkfg vr{ !&= @)&!.)!.@% k|f=lj= nfO{ ;xof]u – #))).– %))).– !*= @)&!.)@.!% @ yfg kmlg{r/ vl/b – !%)).– #%)).– !(= @)&!.)@.@% ;d"x k|j]z z'Ns gub k|fKt !))).– – $%)).– @)= @)&!.)#.)% ljkGg ju{sf # hgfnfO{

s'v'/f vl/b ug{ cg'bfg – #))).– !%)).–

@!= @)&!.)#.@% pkef]Qmf sfo{ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf lrofkfg vr{

– #)).– !@)).–

hDdf !&,^%).– !^,$%).– !@)).–

s_ h;n] k|fKt ub{5 To;nfO{ 8]lj6 ug{' kb{5 / h;n] lbG5 To;nfO{ s|]l86 ug{' kb{5 . cu|]hLdf

o:tf] elgG5 – -Debit the receiver and credit the giver_

v_ h'g rLh k|fKt x'G5 To;nfO{ 8]lj6 / h'g rLh aflx/ hfG5 Tof] s|]l86 x'G5 .cu|]hLdf o:tf]

elgG5 - What comes in debit and what goes out credit_

u_ vr{ ;a} 8]lj6 ug{' kb{5 / k|flKt s|]l86 ug{' kb{5 .cu|]hLdf o:tf] elgG5 –Expenses and loss debit all gain Credit_

87

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