FC.53 EARLY CHINA AND THE PATTERN OF ITS HISTORY(c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over & revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. civ.Combining priestly &

polit. roles No separate priest class

Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads

across E. Asia

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irregular & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.

requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy

Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w

passive/female Yin & active/male Yang

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.

Heavy infl. on Ch. medicine & art (esp. landscapes)Confucianism & Taoism along w/ Buddhism complement

each other & provide balance to Ch. civ.

Silk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028 B.C.E.) Follow cycle of Ch. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.) (FC.54)

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Baskets of rice seeds await their initial planting as workers prepare a muddy field in the South during February.

Preparing a rice paddy for transplanting the rice shoots.

Women transplant the rice shoots in neat rows in a rice paddy some 25 days after their initial planting.

A rice paddy on the tropical island of Hainan of the southern coast of China.

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

A gorge cut by the Yangtze River

Mountains along the southern coast of China

China’s northeastern frontier near the North Korean border

A bamboo forest in eastern China

The tempestuous sea pounds against China’s rocky coast.

Sand dunes overlook sheep grazing in the western province of Gansu

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Terraced hillsides overlook the Yellow River, which has flooded some 1500 times in Chinese history.

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.

requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy

Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w

passive/female Yin & active/male Yang

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.

requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy

Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w

passive/female Yin & active/male Yang

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Confucianism• Based upon duty and 5 Basic

Relationships• Man is inherently good (or least

can be led to goodness)• Seek social harmony in this world

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.

requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy

Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w

passive/female Yin & active/male Yang

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Daoism – “The Way”• The Dao is all• All is relative: Yin &

Yang• Non-action: do

nothing to oppose the Dao

“Try not. Do or do not, there is no try.”

Go With The Flow

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.

requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy

Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w

passive/female Yin & active/male Yang

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.

requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy

Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w

passive/female Yin & active/male Yang

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.

Heavy infl. on Ch. medicine & art (esp. landscapes)

AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)

Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained

Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants

& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil

service exam system Restore army & the

Great Wall

Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.Ideographic writing Chinese Civ.

spreads across E. AsiaSilk textiles, carved jade & highly

developed bronze

Peasant revolts Raids & invasions

Central government steadily weakens

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.

Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is

unique & superior “Middle Kgd”

Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects

Strong central govt.

Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys

Mandate of Heaven justifies

good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s

N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.

requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy

Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w

passive/female Yin & active/male Yang

RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY

Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.

Heavy infl. on Ch. medicine & art (esp. landscapes)Confucianism & Taoism along w/ Buddhism complement

each other & provide balance to Ch. civ.