FAYE GLENN ABDELLA21 NURSING PROBLEMS

▪ Born March 13, 1919 in NYC

▪ 1942–Graduated Basic Nursing Ed.,

magna cum laude from Fitkin Memorial Hospital School of Nursing in Neptune, NJ

FAYE GLENN ABDELLA

▪ 1945–Bachelor of Science in Nursing

▪ 1947–Master of Arts in Nursing

▪ 1955–Doctorate Degree

(Teachers College at Columbia University)

FAYE GLENN ABDELLA

▪ 1st nurse and woman to serve as Deputy Surgeon General of the United States

▪ Inducted into the US National Women’s Hall of Fame

▪ Dean of the Graduate School of Nursing at the Uniformed Services University in Bethesda, MD. (2002)

▪ Holds 12 honorary degrees from universities recognizing her pioneering work in nursing research and education

▪ Patient Assessment of Care Evaluation

ACHIEVEMENTS:

HER THEORY

21 NURSING PROBLEMS

▪ Changed the focus of nursing from Disease-Centered to Patient-centered approach

▪ The intension was to guide care of patients in the hospital

▪ Also has relevance for nursing care in community settings.

Nursing-Centered

Disease-Centered

Patient-Centered

Focus of care pendulum

• Attempt to bring nursing practice to its proper relationship with restorative and preventive measures for meeting total client needs

HER THEORY..

Theory was created to assist with nursing education, and is most applicable to the education of nurses

METAPARADIGM

▪ Recipients of nursing as individuals and families

▪ 21 nursing problems relate with biological, psychological and social aspects of individuals

PERSON:

Defined as the center and purpose of nursing service

describes health as a state mutually exclusive of illness.

hEalth:

§ All-inclusive services that is based on the disciplines of art and sciences that serves individual

§ Concept of nursing is grouped into 21 problem areas for the nurse to work out their judgment & appropriate care

NuRSiNg:

21 nursing problems

21 nursing problems

▪ the theory distinguished the practice of nursing, with a focus on the 21 nursing problems, from the practice of medicine, which focuses on disease and cure.

21 Nursing Problems

§The 21 problems are actually a model describing the "arenas" or concerns of nursing, rather than a theory describing relationships among phenomena.

Problem solving

Nursing Problems

Health

MAJORCONCEPTS

Nursing Problemso Health Needs

seen as Problems§ Overt§ Covert More nursing-centered

than Client-Centered

Nursing Problem

Nursing Goals

Nursing Functions

PROBLEMS-SOLVINGo nursing care requires that nurses be able

to identify and solve overt and covert nursing problems

o Can be achieved thru utilization of the Problem-Solving process

Problem Solving Process1. Identifying the problem2. Selecting Relevant Data3. Devising Hypotheses4. Testing hypotheses through assortment

of data5. Revising hypotheses when necessary

The theory identifies ten steps to identify the patient’s problem:

1. Learn to know the patient.2. Sort out relevant and significant data3. Make generalizations about available

data in relation to similar nursing problems presented by other patients.

Ten Steps :

4. Identify the therapeutic plan5. Test generalizations with the

patient and make additional generalizations

6. Validate the patient’s conclusions about his nursing problems

Ten Steps :7. Continue to observe and evaluate the

patient over a period of time to identify any attitudes and clues affecting his or her behavior

8. Explore the patient and his or her family’s reactions to the therapeutic plan and involve them in the plan

Ten Steps :

9. Identify how the nurses feel about the patient’s nursing problems

10. Discuss and develop a comprehensive nursing care plan

11 Nursing Skills Used To Develop A Treatment Typology:

1. observation of health status2. skills of communication3. application of knowledge4. teaching of patients and families5. planning and organization of work

11 Nursing Skills :6. use of resource materials7. use of personnel resources8. problem-solving9. direction of work of others10. therapeutic uses of the self11. nursing procedure

21 NURSING PROBLEMS & NPS

Assessment

Diagnosis

Planning

Implementation

Evaluation NPS

Identifying the problem

Selecting Relevant Data

Devising Hypotheses

Revising hypotheses when necessary

Testing hypotheses through assortment of data

21 nursing problems

BASIC NEEDS1. To maintain good hygiene and physical comfort

2. To promote optimal activity: exercise, rest and sleep

3. To promote safety through the prevention of accidents, injury, or other trauma and through the prevention of the spread of infection

4. To maintain good body mechanics and prevent and correct deformity

SUSTENAL CARE NEEDS5.To facilitate the maintenance of a

supply of oxygen to all body cells6.To facilitate the maintenance of

nutrition of all body cells7.To facilitate the maintenance of

elimination

SUSTENAL CARE NEEDS cont.8.To facilitate the maintenance of fluid

and electrolyte balance9.To recognize the physiological

responses of the body to disease conditions

SUSTENAL CARE NEEDS cont.10.To facilitate the maintenance

of regulatory mechanisms and functions

11. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory function.

REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS

12.To identify and accept positive and negative expressions, feelings, and reactions

13.To identify and accept the interrelatedness of emotions and organic illness

REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS

14.To facilitate the maintenance of effective verbal and non verbal communication

15.To promote the development of productive interpersonal relationships

REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS cont.

16.To facilitate progress toward achievement of personal spiritual goals

17.To create and / or maintain a therapeutic environment

REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS cont.

18.To facilitate awareness of self as an individual with varying physical , emotional, and developmental needs

RESTORATIVE CARE NEEDS

19.To accept the optimum possible goals in the light of limitations, physical and emotional

RESTORATIVE CARE NEEDS

20.To use community resources as an aid in resolving problems arising from illness

21.To understand the role of social problems as influencing factors in the case of illness

END