FauvismBy: River Gwaltney

What was Fauvism?

• Fauvism is the style of les Fauves. (French for "the wild Beasts")

• Influenced by Impressionism.

• Fauvism as a style began around 1900 and continued beyond 1910

•The leaders of the movement were Henri Matisse and Andre Derain.

•The paintings of the Fauves were characterized by seemingly wild brush work and strident colors.

Fauvism was Created• Gustave Moreau was the

movement's inspirational teacher.

• Controversial professor at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris and a Symbolist painter, he taught Matisse, Marquette, Manguin, Rouault and Camion during the 1890s, and was viewed by critics as the group's philosophical leader until Matisse was recognized as such in 1904.

• Moreau's broad-mindedness, originality of the expressive potency of pure color was inspirational for his students.

Pictures

Artist:Manguin 1971 Artist: Gustave Moreau 1979

Artist: Henri Matisse 1987

Bio. Henri MatisseYouth and Early Education- • Henri Emile Benoit Matisse was born in a tiny, tumbledown weaver's cottage on the

rue de Chene Arnaud in the textile town of Le Cateau- Cambresis.• Matisse’s father, Emile Hippolyte Matisse, was a grain merchant

whose family were weavers. His mother, Anna Heloise Gerard,

was a daughter of a long line of well-to-do tanners.

Painting Beginnings- • Matisse’s discovery of his true profession came about in an

unusual manner. Following an attack of appendicitis, he began

to paint in 1889, when his mother had brought him art supplies

during the period of convalescence. He said later, “From the

moment I held the box of colors in my hands, I knew this was

my life.• Matisse was so committed to his art that he later extended a

warning to  his fiancée, Amilie Parayre, whom he later married. • His drastic change of profession deeply disappointed his father.• He later in life got a divorce with his wife and went to live with his

family to get to know them better.

Henri Matisse Paintings

Blue Pot and Lemon (1897), Hermitage Museum, St.Petersburg, Russia

Fruit and Coffeepot (1898), Hermitage Museum, St.Petersburg, Russia

Vase of Sunflowers (1898), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Gustave Moreau

Biography• Moreau was born in Paris. • His father, Louis Jean Marie Moreau, was an architect, who recognized

his talent. • His mother was Adele Pauline des Moutiers.• Moreau initially studied under the guidance of Fransisco Edouard Picot

and became a friend of Theobore Chasseriau, whose work strongly influenced his own.

• Moreau had a 25-year personal relationship, possibly romantic, with Adelaide-Alexandrine Dureux, a woman whom he drew several times.

• His first painting was a Pieta which is now located in the cathedral at Angouleme.

• He showed A Scene from the Song of Songs and The Death of Darius in the Salon of 1853.

• In 1853 he contributed Athenians with the Minotaur and Moses Putting Off his Sandals within Sight of the Promised Land to the Great Exhibition.

Gustave Moreau

Pietà

(1852)

Orpheus

(1865).

Jupiter and Semele (1894-95)

Paul Gauguin – At the age of seven, Gauguin and his family returned to France, moving to

Orléans to live with his grandfather. The Gauguins came originally from the area and were market gardeners and greengrocers: gauguin means 'walnut-grower'. His father had broken with family tradition to become a journalist in Paris. He soon learned French, though his first and preferred language remained Peruvian Spanish, and he excelled in his studies. After attending a couple of local schools he was sent to a Catholic boarding school in La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin, which he hated. He spent three years at the school. At seventeen, Gauguin signed on as a pilot's assistant in the merchant marine to fulfill his required Three years later, he joined the French navy in which he served for two years. He was somewhere in the Caribbean when he found out that his mother had died. In 1871, Gauguin returned to Paris where he secured a job as a stockbroker. His mother's very rich boyfriend, Gustave Arosa, got him a job at the Paris Bourse; Gauguin was twenty-three. He became a successful Parisian businessman and remained one for eleven years.

– He was born in Paris, France, to journalist Clovis Gauguin and Alina Maria Chazal, daughter of the half-Peruvian proto-socialist leader Flora Tristan, a feminist precursor. In 1849 the family left Paris for Peru, motivated by the political climate of the period, Clovis died on the voyage leaving eighteen-month-old Paul, his mother, and sister, to fend for themselves. They lived for four years in Lima with Paul's uncle and his family. The imagery of Peru would later influence Gauguin in his art. It was in Lima that Gauguin encountered his first art. His mother admired Pre-Columbian pottery, collecting Inca pots that some colonists dismissed as barbaric. One of Gauguin's few early memories of his mother was of her wearing the traditional costume of Lima, one eye peeping from behind her manteau, the mysterious one-eye veil that all women in Lima went out in. "Gauguin was always drawn to women with a 'traditional' look. This must have been the first of the colorful female costumes that were to haunt his imagination.

Paul Gauguin

Raro te Oviri, 1891, Dallas

Museum of Art

The Yellow Christ (Le Christ jaune),

1889, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo,

NY.

Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin (Man in a Red Beret), 1888, Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam.

Credits

• http://www.artlex.com/

• http://www.wikipedia.org/

• http://www.google.com/