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• Fastest growing UK economic region
• £1.8bn exports, 1900 foreign cos.
• £82bn economy, 10%+ of UK GDP
• 70% of UK high-tech employment
• Below UK unemployment average
• R&D spend 3x UK average
• 78% below £250K turnover in 1995
• 91% fewer than 20 workers
*Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire
East Region – Six Counties*
• 750 years old
• 31 Colleges, federated under
‘umbrella’ of university • 1557 John Keys: Gonville & Caius
• 1661 Isaac Newton at Trinity College
• 1702/4 Chairs of Chemistry/Astronomy
• 1762 Dr Richard Walker’s Botanic Garden
• 1871 Cavendish Laboratory for Physics
• 50% of Cambridge Region hi-tech firms report research links with University
• 22% of research staff and 17% of directors of Cambridge region hi-tech companies possess Cambridge University degrees
• Cambridge University spin-outs make 16% of Cambridge hi-tech start-ups
source: Keeble. ESRC WP96 Publ. 1998
East Anglian Economy and Cambridge University
Centres for Research
• Wellcome Genome Campus
• WCMC, FFI
• Babraham Institute (Biomedical)
• Addenbrookes, Papworth
• NIAB
• “Nobel Factory” - LMB
Government funded: MRC (8/40) & BBSRC (4/8)
Research Establishments and Science Parks within 15 miles of Cambridge
Biotech Cluster• 180 Companies, 10,000 employees
• 25% of all biotech SMEs in Europe
• 49 startups since 2000
• £1bn of VC funds in the region
Technology Providers
• 5 large companies - eg CCL
• 1300 employees. 75% QSEs
• Virtual incubators, 80-100 spin-outs
Science Parks
1970 Cambridge Science Park
1987 St John’s Innovation Centre
• Granta Technology Park
• Babraham Institute
• Melbourne Science Park
• Peterhouse Technology Park
• Cambridge Research Park
• Cambourne Business Park
• Chesterford Research Park
History of the Cambridge Science Park
• 1960s: First Science Park: Stanford University• 1964: Labour Government urged closer links
between universities and industry• Cambridge sets up Mott Committee• 1969: Mott Committee report
Trinity College’s response
• Trinity had a strong scientific tradition*
• First use of the word “scientist” 1835 (Whewell)
• Spare land available in a suitable location
• Funds to enable it to carry out the development.
• Dr John Bradfield
*Alumni include Newton, Clerk-Maxwell, Rayleigh,Thomson, Walton, Rutherford, Aston, Lyle, both Braggs, Bohr, Hopkins, Klug, Kendrew
First Decade: a slow start
• 1970 IBM turned down• 1971 Planning permission • 1973 Laserscan moves in• Other companies follow –
including some UK subsidiaries of multinationals• By the end of the 70’s, 25 companies installed
Second Decade: clustering
• Cluster developing - critical mass reached• 1984: The Trinity Centre • 3i, Venture Capital company • Labour unions, BTG monopoly broken• Academics start companies (IPR relaxation)• Spin-outs & collaborative ventures from existing
companies (e.g. Cambridge Consultants)
Third Decade
• Greater Cambridge cluster 3,500 cos,
(85% with <10 staff) 50,000 employees• More venture funds available• Strong sectors: Life Sciences, ICT• Fewer but larger companies, more
Stock Exchange launches• Same mix of spin-outs, new ventures,
& UK subsidiaries of multinationals
Present
• 80 companies employing 5,000 people, average age 30
• 61.5 hectares, 145,000 sq m.• Premises: 90 to 4,600 sq m. • Development by occupiers on
long ground leases• Purpose-built units on 15, 20,
and 25 year leases• Starter units, multi-occupancy
or ‘listening posts’ on 1 month to 9 year leases
What type of tenants?
• Scientific research linked to industrial production
• Light industrial production closely associated with on-site or university research
• Ancillary activities (e.g. Venture Capital companies, Patent & IPR law firms etc)
• Not much manufacturing, except Napp, Heraeus, Polatis
Trinity maintained these criteria during economic recession
Industry Sectors – company numbers
1. Biomedical 14
2. Computers/Telecoms 25
3. Consulting (technical) 6
4. Energy 1
5. Financial/business/non-technical 2
6. Industrial Technologies 4
7. Other 28
TOTAL 80
Future
• New Conference Centre • Health & Fitness club • Nursery facilities (130 places)• 8.9 Hectares being developed
(23,000 sq m, mostly biotech) • Cambridge Innovation Centre
(60 people in 19 suites)• Continued landscaping (site density 1:5 – 18,000sq ft
per acre)
Trinity’s role
• Promoting contacts & interchange, website• Advertising university functions & seminars• Research sponsorship • CSP Newsletter (“Catalyst”) biannually• Provision of Conference Centre etc• Landscaping• But: Rents at normal commercial rates, minimal
bureaucracy, no central management company.• Management by Bidwells, local property specialists