Farmakologi 2 New

7/25/2019 Farmakologi 2 New

1/23

LABORATORIUM FARMAKOLOGI

JURUSAN FARMASI

POILITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENKES MAKASSAR

EFEK DIARE

DISUSUN OLEH :

NAMA MAHASISWA : TRI SUMITRO

WIWI SARTIKA

ST NURWAHYU

SEKAR APRILIANTI

RUSNA MELIANTY SARI

SITI HARDIANA SARASWATI

NURWINDAYANTI N

SURIYATI YAHYA

KELOMPOK : B/1/4

HARI PRAKTIKUM : SELASA

PEMBIMBING : Drs H Ismail Ibraim! A"#$! M$K%s

JURUSAN FARMASI

POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENKES MAKASSAR

2016


2/23

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

I.1 LATAR BELAKANG

I&'(&%sia a'ala &%)ara *a&) m%mili+i +%+a*aa& alam b%rlim"a!

#%r,#ama +%a&%+ara)ama& #,mb,a&&*a$ Ba&*a+ s"%si%s #a&ama& b%r"(#%&si

s%ba)ai (ba# #ra'isi(&al i&))a saa# i&i b%l,m 'i#%li#i +asia# 'a& +%),&aa&&*a

s%-ara m%&'alam$ B%b%ra"a (ba# #ra'isi(&al #%la 'i),&a+a& (l% mas*ara+a#

I&'(&%sia s%-ara #,r,&.#%m,r,&! s%"%r#i "%&)),&aa& +,li# +i&a s%ba)ai (ba#

malaria! baa&) ",#i (r#%l s%ba)ai aii"%r#%&si! 'a,& ra&', ,,+

m%&)(ba#i 'iar% 'a& lai& s%ba)ai&*a$ P%&)),&aa& #a&ama& s%ba)ai (ba#

%rbal 'iara"+a& 'a"a# m%mb%ri+a& "r(s"%+ *a&) l%bi bai+ 'alam ',&ia

"%&)(ba#a&$ S%ma+i& ba&*a+ (ba# #ra'isi(&al *a&) 'i+%mba&)+a& s%ba)ai

%rbal #%rs#a&'ar 'a& 'i),&a+a& (l% mas*ara+a# 'iara"+a& 'a"a#

m%&,r,&+a& "%&)),&aa& (ba# +imia! 'a& m%mi&imal+a& +%0a'ia& %%+

sam"i&) (ba# 2A&as! 35

Diar% m%r,"a+a& sala sa#, "%&*%bab ,#ama m(rbi'i#as 'a& +%ma#ia&

'i b%rba)ai &%)ara! s%r#a b%r#a&)),&) 0aab a#as +%ma#ia& 0,#aa& (ra&) s%#ia"

#a,&&*a$ Ti&))i&*a a&)+a +%0a'ia& 'iar% a+,# 'a& +r(&is s%r#a %%+ sam"i&)

(ba# ai'iar% *a&) a'a saa# i&i! m%&'(r(&) "ara "%&%li#i ,,+ #%r,s b%r,saa

'alam m%&%m,+a& (ba# s%ba)ai ai'iar% bar,! #%r,#ama *a&) b%rasal 'ari

#a&ama&$ B%b%ra"a "%&%li#ia& #%la m%mb,+#i+a& +asia# #a&ama& (ba#

#ra'isi(&al s%ba)ai ai'iar%! *ai#, '%&)a& -ara m%lia# %%+ bi(l()is %+s#ra+


3/23

#a&ama& *a&) m%m",&*ai a+#i6i#as s%ba)ai ais"asm('i+! "%&,&'a #ra&si#

i%s#i&al! m%&%+a& m(#ili#as ,s,s! m%ra&)sa&) abs(r"si air 'a& m%&),ra&)i

s%+r%si %l%+#r(li# 2A&as! 35$

Diar% 'is%bab+a& (l% m%&i&)+a#&*a "%ris#al#i+ ,s,s! s%i&))a

"%liasa& -*m,s 'i"%r-%"a# 'a& masi ba&*a+ m%&)a&',&) air "a'a saa#

m%&i&))al+a& #,b, s%ba)ai #i&0a$ S%lai& i#, 'iar% 'is%bab+a& +ar%&a

b%r#,m",+&*a -aira& 'i ,s,s a+iba# #%r)a&)),&*a +%s%imba&)a& abs(rbsi 'a&

s%+r%si$ T%r0a'i&*a )a&)),a& +%s%imba&)a& i&i! s%ri&) #%r0a'i "a'a +%a'aa&

ra'a&) lamb,&) ,s,s *a&) 'is%bb+a& (l% +,ma& a#a, #(+si&&*a$ 7a+#(r.

a+#(r *a&) m%&*%bab+a& 'iar% *ai#, 6ir,s misal&*a i&l,%&8a 6ir,s 'a&

#ra6%ll%rs 'iarr%a$ Ba+#%ri misal&*a salm(&%lla 'a& E$-(li$ "arasi# misal&*a

"r(#(8(a Eam(%ba is#(l*#i-a$ E%r(#(+si& misal&*a 9ibri( -(l%ra%!

"%&)ar, "si+is! ma+a&a& 2E&'a! 35$

I.2 TUJUAN PERCOBAAN

1$ U,+ m%&)%#a,i %%+ ai'iar% s,a#, (ba# L("%rami'

3$ U,+ m%&)%#a,i %%+#i6i#as #a&ama& (ba# s%ba)ai ai'iar% 2Sambil(#(5

;$ U, m%&)%#a,i m%+a&ism% #%r0a'i&*a 'iar% #%ra'a" %a& ,0i

I.3 MAKSUD PERCOBAAN

U,+ m%&)%#a,i 'a& m%maami %%+#i6i#as s,a#, baa& (ba# 'a&

#a&ama& #%ra'a" %%+ 'iar% "a'a %a& ,0i

I.4 PRINSIP PERCOBAAN

E%+ (ba# ai'iar% 'alam m%&)amba# )%ra+ "%ris#al#i+ ,s,s m%lal,i

"%mb%ria& (ba# m%lal,i (ral$

BAB II


4/23

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

II.1 TEORI UMUM

Diar% a'ala s,a#, +%a'aa& m%&i&)+a#&*a b%ra# 'ari %s%s 2


5/23

S%ri&)+ali b%b%ra"a m%+a&ism% b%rsama sama i+,# m%&)ambil ba)ia&$

Diar% (sm(#i+ 'a"a# 'is%bab+a& (l% si&'r(m mala-%r&a 2mal'i)%s#i5 a#a,

malabs(rbsi s%r#a a+iba# "%mas,+a& 8a# *a&) s,+ar 'iabs(rbsi 2'iba&'i&)+a&

(sm(la+sa&asia5$ =i+a ma+a&a& 'i%i+a&! 'iar% (sm(#i+ a+a& b%r%i

2M,#s-l%r! 115$

Diar% s%+r%#ri s%ri&)+ali 'is%bab+a& (l% #(+si& ba+#%ri *a&)

m%&)a+#i+a& a'%&ila# si+las% 'alam s%l m,+(sa! s%i&))a -AMP a+a&

'ib%,+ l%bi ba&*a+$ Disam"i&) #(+si& +(l%ra! #(+si& 'ari salm(&%lla 'a&

Si)%lla s%r#a )al,r >(li "a#()%& 0,)a m%&*%bab+a& 'iar% s%+r%#(ri+$ S%ba)ia&

b%sar 'iar% m,sim "a&as 'a& 'iar% "%r0ala&a& 'is%bab+a& (l% s,a#, #(+si&

E$-(li$ "%&*%bab lai& 'iar% s%+r%#(ri i&i a'ala 8a# %&'()%& misal&*a

"(li"%"#i'a ,s,s 6as(a+#i 29IP5 2M,#s-l%r! 115$

Kli&is #%rs%b,# 'a"a# 'i+%#a,i saa# "%r#ama +ali m%&)alami sa+i#

"%r,#$ A'a lima 0%&is +li&is "%&*a+i# 'iar%! aara lai&: 15 Diar% a+,#!

b%r-am",rr '%&)a& air$ Diar% m%mili+i )%0ala *a&) 'a#a&) #iba.#iba 'a&

b%rla&)s,&) +,ra&) 'ari 14 ari$ Bila m%&)alami 'iar% a+,#! "%&'%rri#a a+a&

'%i'rasi 'a& "%&,r,&a& b%ra# ba'a& 0i+a #i'a+ 'ib%ri+a& ma+a& 'a& mi&,m$

35 'iar% +r(&i+! 'iar% *a&) )%0ala&*a b%rla&)s,&) l%bi 'ari 14 ari *a&)

'is%bab+a& (l% 6ir,s! ba+#%ri 'a& "arasi#! ma,",& &(& i&%+si$ ;5 'iar% a+,#

b%r-am",r 'ara$ S%lai& i%&si#as b,a&) air b%sar m%&i&)+a#! 'iar% i&i 'a"a#

m%&*%bab+a& +%r,sa+a& ,s,s al,s! s%"sis *ai#, i&%+si ba+#%ri 'alam 'ara

mal&,#risi a#a, +,ra&) )i8i 'a& '%i'rasi$ 45 Diar% "%rsis#%&$ G%0ala&*a

b%rla&)s,&) s%lama l%bi 'ari 14 ari$ Baa*a ,#ama a''ala +%+,ra&)a& )i8i$


6/23

I&%+si s%ri,s #i'a+ a&*a 'alam ,s,s #%#a"i m%&*%bar i&))a +%l,ar ,s,s$ ?5

'iar% '%&)a& +,ra&) )i8i b%ra#$ Diar% i&i l%bi "ara 'ari 'iar% *a&) lai&&*a!

+ar%&a m%&)a+iba#+a& i&%+si *a&) sia#&*a sis#%mi+ a#a, m%&*%l,r, *a&)

b%ra#! ''%i'rasi! +%+,ra&)a& 6i#ami& 'a& mi&%ral$ Ba+a& bisa

m%&)a+iba#+a& )a)al 0a,&)$ M%&,r,# Na#i(&al Dis)%s#i6% Dis%as%

I&(rm#i(& >l%ari&)(,s% 23@5 b%b%ra"a al *a&) 'a"a# m%&*%bab+a& 'iar%

aara lai& : 15 I&%+si ba+#%ri! b%b%ra"a 0%&is ba+#%ri 'i+(&s,msi b%rsama

'%&)a& ma+a&a& a#a, mi&,ma&! -((&*a >am"*l(ba-#%r! Salm(&%lla!

Si)%lla! 'a& Es-%ri-ia -(li$ 35 I&%+si 6ir,s m%&*%bab+a& 'iar%! #%rmas,+

r(#a6ir,s! &(ral+ 6ir,s ! >*#(m%)al( 6ir,s! %r"%s sim"l%+s 6ir,s! 'a& 6ir,s

%"a#i#is$ ;5 I(l%ra&si ma+a& b%b%ra"a (ra&) #i'a+ mam", m%&-%r&a s%m,a

ma+a&! misal&*a "%ma&is b,a#a& 'a& la+#(sa$ 45 Parasi#! "arasi# 'a"a#

m%mas,+i #,b, m%lal,i ma+a& a#a, mi&,ma& 'a& m%&%#a" 'i 'alam s*s#%m

"%&-%r&aa&$ Parasi# *a&) m%&*%bab+a& 'iar% misal&*a )iar'ia lamblia!

Entamoeba histolytica, a&' Cryptosporidium.?5 R%a+si a#a, %%+ sam"i&)

"%&)(ba#a& aibi(#i+! "%&,r,& #%+a&a& 'ara! (ba# +a&+%r 'a& aasi'a

m%&)a&',&) ma)&%si,m *a&) mam", m%mi-, 'iar%$ 5 Ga&)),a& i%s#i&al$

@5 K%lai&a& ,&)si ,s,s b%sar$

B%rb%'a '%&)a& 'iar% (sm(#i+! 'iar% s%+r%#(ri+ #%#a" #%r0a'i 0,)a "a'a

"asi%& *a&) ",asa$ P%&i&)+a#a& "%rm%abili#as m,+(a ,s,s 'a"a# #%r0a'i +ar%&a

"%&*a+i# "a'a ,s,s al,s 'a& ,s,s b%sar 2misal -(li#is ,l-%r(sa a#a, +arsi&(ma

+(l(&5 a#a, +ar%&a #i'a+ 'iabs(rbsi&*a asam %m"%',$ Diar% +(l()%&

s%ma-am i&i 'i#%m,+a& s%#%la s%+r%si il%,m! *a&) m%r,"a+a& #%m"a# ,#ama
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7/23

r%abs(rbsi +%mbali asam %m"%',$ Asam %m"%', *a&) mas,+ +% +(l(& a+a&

m%m"%rb%sar mas,+&*a air 'a& %l%+#r(li# +% l,m%& ,s,s 'a& 'isi&i a+a&

m%&*%bab+a& 'iar% 2M,#s-l%r! 115$

=i+a +%ila&)a& asam %m"%', m%lam"a,i +a"asi#as si%sis 'i a#i!

#%r0a'i "%&),ra&)a& abs(rbsi l%ma+ s%i&))a #imb,l %s%s b%rl%ma+

2s#%a#(r%a5$ P%&i&)+a#a& m(#ili#as i%s#i& *a&) m%&*%bab+a& 'iar% 'i#%m,+a&

misal&*a "a'a i"%r#ir%(sis 2M,#s-l%r! 115$

T%ra"i 'iar% ar,s 'is%s,ai+a& '%&)a& "%&*%bab&*a$ Diar% "%r0ala&a&

'a& 'iar% m,sim "a&as a+,# m%r,"a+a& "%&*a+i# *a&) s%mb, s%&'iri 'a&

#i'a+ m%m%rl,+a& "%&a&)a&a& '%&)a& (ba#.(ba# +,s,s$ P%&a&)a&a&

#%ra"%,#i+ *a&) #%r"%i&) a'ala "%&))aia& -aira& 'a& %l%+#r(li#

s%-,+,"&*a 2M,#s-l%r! 115$

B%r'asar+a& "%&*%bab&*a 'iar% 'a"a# 'ib%'a+a& m%&0a'i b%b%ra"a

0%&is )as#r(%%ris 'a& 'iar% s%ba)ai b%ri+,#:

a$ A+iba# 6ir,s misal&*a i&l,%&8a "%r,#$ 9ir,s m%l%+a# "a'a s%l.s%l m,+(sa

,s,s *a&) m%&0a'i r,sa+ s%i&))a +a"asi#as r%s(rbsi m%&,r,& 'a& s%+r%si air

'a& %l%+#r(li# m%m%)a&) "%ra&a&

b$ Diar% ba+#%rial i&6asi a)a+ s%ri&) #%r0a'i #%#a"i m,lai b%r+,ra&) br,b,&)

s%ma+i& m%&i&)+a#&*a '%ra0a# i)i%&% mas*ara+a#

-$ Diar% a+iba# "%&*a+i# misal&*a -(li#is ,l-%r(sa! 0,)a a+iba# )a&)),a& s%"%r#i

al%r)i #%ra'a" ma+a&a&! '%isi%&si %&8im la+#as%

'$ A+iba# (ba# *ai#, 'i)(+si&! +i&i'i&! )aram m)! 'a& li#i,m! s(rbi#(l! b%#a

bl(+%r 'a& aibi(#i+a *a&) b%rs"%+#r,m l,as s%"%r#i am"isili&


8/23

%$ Diar% "arasi#%r a+iba# "r(#(8(a s%"%r#i %am(%ba is#(l*-a *a&) #%r,#ama

#%r0a'i 'i 'a%ra s,b #r("is$ A+iba# +%ra-,&a& ma+a&a& s%ri&) #%r0a'i misal&*a "a'a a+#, "%&)%la#a&

a&a+.a&a+ s%+(la a#a, +ar*aa& "%r,saaa& 'a& biasa&*a 'is%r#ai m,a.

m,a 2T0a*! 3@5$

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a+iba# 'iar%$ K,ra&) l%bi ? 'iaara&*a +ar%&a '%i'rasi$ U,+ "%r#ama

'iambil #i&'a+a& ),&a m%&-%)a 'a& m%&)a#asi '%i'rasi 'a& +%ila&)a&

)aram$ U,+ #,0,a& i&i WHO m%&)a&0,r+a& ORS 2(ral r%i'ra#i(& s(l,#i(&5

2T0a*! 3@5$

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#risi#ra# 3!? ) 'a& )l,+(sa 3 ) 'alam 1 li#%r air ma#a&) 2(rali#5$ Dasar ilmia

i&i 'ari "%&)),&aa& ORS i&i a'ala "%&%m,a& +,ra&) l%bi 3? #a,& *a&)

lal, baa )l,+(sa m%&s#im,lasi s%-ara a+#i #ra&s"(r Na 'a& air m%lal,i

'i&'i&) ,s,s 2T0a*! 3@5$

B%b%ra"a #a,& *a&) lal, 'i#%m,+a& baa #%",&) b%ras s%ba)ai

"%&))ai )l,+(sa 'a& -am",ra& ORS m%mb%ri+a& +%,,&)a& "%i&) *ai#,

m%&)asil+a& ',a +ali l%bi ba&*a+ )l,+(sa 'ari "a'a ORS biasa 2T0a*!

3@5$

L("%rami' ba&*a+ 'i),&a+a& ,,+ m%&),ra&)i r%+,%&si '%%+asi

"a'a 'iar% 6iral 'a& a+,# #a&"a '%mam a#a, 'ara 'alam #i&0a$ Biasa&*a 'iar%


9/23

s%mb, s%&'iri +,ra&) 'ari ? ari 0i+a l%bi ma+a 'a"a# 'i),&a+a& (ba# 2T0a*!

3@5$

Pa'a a&a+ a&a+ 'a& (ra&) #,a 'ia#as ? #a,& 'iar% sa&)a# b%rbaa*a$

Bila "%&a&)a&a& #%rlamba# 'a& m%r%+a 0a#, +% 'alam '%i'rasi b%ra# ma+a

bisa b%ra+iba# a#al$ D%i'rasi a'ala s,a#, +%a'aa& +%+,ra&)a& -aira&!

+%+,ra&)a& +ali,m 2i"(+al%mia5 'a& a'a+ala&*a a-i'(sis 2'ara m%&0a'i

asam5! *a&) #i'a+ 0ara&) b%ra+ir '%&)a& s(-+ 'a& +%ma#ia&$ K%a'aa& i&i

sa&)a# b%rbaa*a #%r,#ama ba)i ba*i 'a& a&a+.a&a+ +%-il! +ar%&a m%r%+a

m%mili+i -a'a&)a& -aira& iras%l *a&) l%bi s%'i+i# s%'a&)+a& -aira& %+s#ra.

s%l&*a l%bi m,'a l%"as 'ari"a'a (ra&) '%asa 2A'&*a&a 3C5$

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A$ K%m(#%ra"%,#i+a

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b%b%ra"a "%&)%-,alia& 'ima&a (ba# aimi+r(ba 'i"%rl,+a& "a'a 'iar% *a)

'is%bab+a& (l% i&%+si b%b%ra"a ba+#%ri 'a& "r(#(8(a$ P%mb%ria&

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*ai#, m%mb%raas ba+#%ri "%&*%bab 'iar% '%&)a& aibi(#i+a 2#%#rasi+li&!

+l(ram%&i+(l! 'a& am(+sisili&! s,l(&ami'a! ,ra8(li'i&! 'a& +,i&(l(&5

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10/23

al+al(i'&*a! '%ri6a# "%#i'i& 2'%i&(+sila# 'a& l("%rami&5! 'a& ai+(li&%r)i+

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3@5$

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+%'alam )(l(&)a& i&i a'ala +arb(&! m,sila)%! +a(li&! "%+#i&! )aram.)aram

bism,#! 'a& )aram.)aram al,m,&i,m 5 2D%"ar#%m%& 7arma+(l()i 'a& T%ra"i

UI 3@5$

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aara lai& a##a",l)i# a+#i! +arb(& a+#i! )aram bism,#! +a(li& 'a& "%+#i&

2Har+&%ss 1C45$

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11/23

Pa'a s,+ar%laa& *a&) m%&'a"a#+a& '(sis b%sar l("%rami'! +a'ar ",&-a+

"a'a "lasma 'i-a"ai 'alam a+#, %m"a# 0ams%s,'a ma+a& (ba#$ Masa la#%&

*a&) lama i&i 'is%bab+a& (l% "%&)amba#a& m(#ili#as sal,ra& -%r&a 'a&

+ar%&a (ba# m%&)alami sir+,lasi %%r(%"a#i+$ Wa+#, "ar,&*a a'ala @.

140am$ L("%rami' #i'a+ 'is%ra" '%&)a& bai+ m%lal,i "%mb%ria& (ral 'a&

"%&%#rasi&*a +% 'alam (#a+ #i'a+ bai+ sia#.sia# i&i m%&,&0a&) s%l%+#ii#as

+%r0a l("%rami'$ S%ba)ia& b%sar (ba# 'i%+s+r%si+a& b%rsama #i&0a$

K%m,&)+i&a& 'isala),&a+a&&*a (ba# i&i l%bi +%-il 'ari 'i%&(+sila# +ar%&a

#i'a+ m%&imb,l+a& %,"(ria s%"%r#i m(ri& 'a& +%lar,#a&&*a r%&'a

2D%"ar#%m%& 7arma+(l()i 'a& T%ra"i UI 3@5$

II.2 URAIAN OBAT

L('ia 2MIMS I&'(&%sia E'isi 1; 31;5

Nama 'a)a&) : L('ia

Nama "abri+ : Sa&b%

K(m"(sisi : L("%rami'% H>l

I&'i+asi : Diar%

P%mb%ria& (ba#: s%','a ma+a&

E%+ sam"i&) : &*%ri ab'(m%&! m%)a+(l(& #(+si+! ",si&)! l%la! r,am +,li#

D(sis : 'iar% a+,# &(& s"%sii+ '(sis al 3 #ab! '(sisi la8im 1.3 #ab 1.3 F /

ari$ Diar% +r(&i+ 3.4 #ab/ari 'alam '(sis #%rba)i$ Ma+simal C

#ab/ari$ Bila s%#%la 4C 0am #i'a+ a'a "%rbai+a&! %i+a& #%ra"i$

II.2 TAKSONOMI TUMBUHAN

Sambil(#( 2


12/23


13/23

BAB III

METODE PERCOBAAN

III.1 Alat

a$ Ba#a&) P%&)a',+

b$ Bas+(m

-$ B%+%r G%las

'$ Ka"as

%$ S"i'(l

$ S",i# (ral

)$ S#("a#-

$ Timba&)a& ba%ra# ba'a& %a& ,0i

i$ Tiss,

III.2 Baa!

a$ A,a'%s#

b$ L("%rami'

-$ I&,s Sambil(#('$ Ol%,m Ri-i&i

III.3 P"#$%&'" K%"(a

a$ Diba)i K%l(m"(+ %a& ,0i! Oba# 'a& E+s#ra+ a#a, i&,s% 'a& 0,)a

+(r(l

b$ Di#imba&) b%ra# ba'a& %a& ,0i m%&-i#

-$ Dib%ri #a&'a %a& ,0i "a'a %+(r m%&-i#a a#a, "a'a bas+(m

m%&)),&a+a& s"i'(l *a&) #i'a+ m%mbaa*a+a& / ama& *a&) (l% %a&

,0i #i'a+ 'a"a# m%&)ila&)+a& #a&'a #%rs%b,# s%s,ai '%&)a& r%"li+ai 'a&

"%rla+,+a&$

'$ M%&-i# *a&) #%la 'i#imba&) +%m,'ia& 'ii#,&) '(sis "%mb%ria& (ba# 21

mL/3 ) b%ra# ba'a&5$


14/23

%$ Disia"+a& '(sis "%mb%ria& %a& ,0i "a'a s",i# (ral 2"%rla+,a& 'a&

+(r(l5$$ Dimas,++a& +% 'alam m,l# s",i# a#a, "%rlaa&.laa& "as#i+a& (ba# ma,+

+% 'alam sal,ra& "%&-%r&aa& 2b,+a& 'i "ar,5! s%#%la (ba# ,'a mas,+

#ari+ "%rlaa&.laa& s",i# #%r%b,#$

)$ H%a& ,0i 'il%#a++a& 'i a#as #iss,% ,,+ m%&am",&) 'a& m%&)ama#i

%s%s *a&) 'i+%l,ar+a&! m%li",#i a+#, +%l,ar&*a %%! r%+,%&si +%l,ar&*a

%s%s 'a& 6(l,m% %s%s *a&) +%l,ar$


15/23

BAB I)

HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

I).1 Ha$*l

REP BB DOSIS

PENGAMATAN

WAKTU

PENGELUARAN

7ESES

7REKUEN

SI

KONSISTEN

SI

AIR

1 1? !? ; 1 +ali L,&a+

3 1@!C !? 3 1 +ali L,&a+

; 3? !? ;! ;@! ?! @4 4 +ali L,&a+

IN7US 1 1 !41

?3! ?4

! 1

4 +ali

L,&a+

E&-%r

3 1@!; !44 ; 1 +ali L,&a+

; 1? !4 . . .

LOPERAM

ID 1 3? !; . . .

3 3? !; . . .

; ;3 !43 ?C 1 +ali K%ras

I).2 P%+,aa$a!

B%r'asar+a& asil "%r-(baa& m%&,&0,++a& baa "%&)ar, "%mb%ria&

(ba# ai'iar% *a&) "ali&) %%+#i b%r#,r,#.#,r,# b%r'asar+a& 'a#a asil "ra+#i+,m

a'ala L("%rami'! I&,s Sambil(#( +%m,'ia& Air s%la+, +(r(l$ M%&,r,#

li#%ra#,r baa #i&)+a# %%+#i6i#as +%r0a s,a#, (ba# #%ra'a" #ar)%# (r)a& a#a,

#ar)%# +%r0a&*a a'ala b%rba&'i&) #%rbali+ #%ra'a" "%rs%as% rasi(! *a+&i

"%rba&'i&)a& "a&0a&) mar+%r #%ra'a" "a&0a&) #(#al ,s,s 'i+ali s%ra#,s "%rs%&

2A&&% 3115$

Hasil rasi( ,,+ +(r(l s%b%sar ?3!;! *a&) ar#i&*a 0i+a #%r'a"a#

rasi( +,ra&) 'ari +(r(l! ma+a (ba# #%rs%b,# #%rmas,+ (ba# ai'iar% '%&)a&

+%r0a *a&) sa&)a# %%+#i$ S%bali+&*a! 0i+a 'i"%r(l% &ilai rasi( l%bi 'ari &ilai


16/23

+(r(l! ma+a (ba# #%rs%b,# b%+%r0a #i'a+ b%)i#, %%+#i a#a, +,ra&)$ P%&)ar,

"%mb%ria& a#r("i& "a'a ,s,s m%&-i# a'ala s%ba)ai r%la+sa& (#(# "(l(s a#a,

)(l(&)a& ais"asm('i+ *a&) m%mb%ri+a& %%+ ai+(li&%r)i+! s%i&))a rasi(

%%+#i6i#as (ba# ai'iar% i&i sa&)a# ba),s$ K%r0a (ba# i&i '%&)a& m%&,r,&+a&

i"%rs%+r%si 'i sal,ra& -%r&a$ Nilai rasi( *a&) 'i"%r(l% "ra+#i+a& ,,+ (ba#

a#r("i& a'ala 4!?$ L('ia a'ala (ba# ai'iar% *a&) m%&)a&',&)

l("%rami' 2a's(rb%& a#a, )ab,&)a& aara a's(rb%& '%&)a& "%&)ila&) &*%ri5

2"ar%)(ri+5$ A's(rb%& m%&)i+a# ba+#%ri 'a& #(+si& s%i&))a 'a"a# 'ibaa

m%lal,i ,s,s 'a& 'i+%l,ar+a& b%rsama #i&0a$ A's(rb%& *a&) 'i),&a+a& 'alam

s%'iaa& 'iar% aara lai& a##a",l)i# a+#i! +arb(& a+#i! )aram bism,#! +a(li&

'a& "%+#i& 2Har+&%ss 1C45$

Oba# i&i m%m"%rlamba# m(#ili#as sal,ra& -%r&a '%&)a& m%m"%&)ar,i

(#(# sir+,l%r 'a& l(&)i#,'i&al ,s,s$ Oba# i&i b%ri+a#a& '%&)a& r%s%"#(r ("i(i'

s%i&))a 'i',)a %%+ +(&s#i"asi&*a 'ia+iba#+a& (l% i+a#a& l("%rami' '%&)a&

r%s%"#(r #%rs%b,#$ Oba# i&i sama %%+#i&*a '%&)a& 'i%&(+sila# ,,+

"%&)(ba#a& 'iar% +r(&i+$ E%+ sam"i&) *a&) s%ri&) 'i0,m"ai a'ala +(li+

ab'(m%&! s%'a&)+a& #(l%ra&si #%ra'a" %%+ +(&s#i"asi 0ara&) s%+ali #%r0a'i$

Pa'a s,+ar%laa& *a&) m%&'a"a#+a& '(sis b%sar l("%rami'! +a'ar ",&-a+

"a'a "lasma 'i-a"ai 'alam a+#, %m"a# 0ams%s,'a ma+a& (ba#$ Masa la#%&

*a&) lama i&i 'is%bab+a& (l% "%&)amba#a& m(#ili#as sal,ra& -%r&a 'a&

+ar%&a (ba# m%&)alami sir+,lasi %%r(%"a#i+$ Wa+#, "ar,&*a a'ala @.

140am$ L("%rami' #i'a+ 'is%ra" '%&)a& bai+ m%lal,i "%mb%ria& (ral 'a&

"%&%#rasi&*a +% 'alam (#a+ #i'a+ bai+ sia#.sia# i&i m%&,&0a&) s%l%+#ii#as


17/23

+%r0a l("%rami'$ S%ba)ia& b%sar (ba# 'i%+s+r%si+a& b%rsama #i&0a$

K%m,&)+i&a& 'isala),&a+a&&*a (ba# i&i l%bi +%-il 'ari 'i%&(+sila# +ar%&a

#i'a+ m%&imb,l+a& %,"(ria s%"%r#i m(ri& 'a& +%lar,#a&&*a r%&'a

2D%"ar#%m%& 7arma+(l()i 'a& T%ra"i UI 3@5$

Oba# #%ra+ir *a&) 'i),&a+a& 'a& "ali&) %%+#i s%ba)ai ai'iar% a'ala

L("%rami'! +ar%&a (ba# i&i b%+%r0a s%ba)ai aim(#ili#as (#(# "(l(s ,s,s$ S%lai&

i#,! (ba# #%rs%b,# m%mili+i +%mam",a& m%&(rmal+a& +%s%imba&)a& r%s(r"si.

s%+r%si 'ari s%l m,+(sa '%&)a& -ara m%m,li+a& s%l.s%l *a&) m%&)alamii"%rs%+r%si m%&,0, +%a'aa& r%s(r"si &(rmal +%mbali! s%i&))a (ba# i&i "ali&)

%%+#i ,,+ ai'iar% '%&)a& &ilai rasi( *a&) "ra+#i+a& "%r(l% ;!33$

A'a ',a a+#(r *a&) m%m"%&)ar,i "%&)(s(&)a& lamb,&)! *a+&i a'a&*a

im",ls s*ara *a&) m%&*%bab+a& #%r0a'i&*a 'is#%&si lamb,&) 'a& 'i"r(',+si&*a

(rm(& )as#ri& *a&) #%r'a"a# 'i lamb,&)$ K%l,ar&*a (rm(&% )as#ri& a+a&

m%ra&)sa&) %s("a)%al s"i&-#%r baa ,,+ b%r+(ra+si! m(#ili#as lamb,&)

m%&i&)+a#! 'a& "*l(ri- s"i&-#%r b%r%la+sasi$ E%+ 'ari s%ra&)+aia& a+#i6i#as

#%rs%b,# a'ala "%&)(s(&)a& lamb,&)$ Lamb,&) m%&)(s(&)+a& s%m,a isi&*a

m%&,0, +% ',('%&,m 'alam 3. 0am s%#%la ma+a&a& #%rs%b,# 'i-%r&a 'i 'alam

lamb,&)$ Ma+a&a& *a&) ba&*a+ m%&)a&',&) +arb(i'ra# m%&)abis+a& a+#,

*a&) "ali&) s%'i+i# 'i 'alam lamb,&) a#a, l%bi -%"a# 'i+(s(&)+a& m%&,0,

',('%&,m$ Wa+#, "%&)(s(&)a& ,s,s m%&-i# m%&,r,# D,ria( #a,& 34 a'ala

s%#%&)a 0am sam"ai sa#, 0am 'a& "%&)(s(&)a& #%rs%b,# #%r)a,&) "a'a 6(l,m%

"a+a& *a&) 'ib%ri+a&! "%&)ar, %+s#ri&si+ 2"%mb%ria& (ba#5! 'a& s*im"#(&

"%&*a+i#$

S,a#, s%'iaa& ,0i 'i+a#a+a& m%mili+i %%+ aim(li#i#as bila rasi( 0ara+

*a&) 'ilal,i (l% mar+%r &(ri# l%bi +%-il bila 'iba&'i&)+a& '%&)a& +%l(m"(+

+(r(l$ Para "%&%li#ia& #%r'a,l, #%la ba&*a+ m%&),&)+a"+a& +%mam",a&

(l%,m ri-i&i 'alam m%&)i&',+si 'iar%$ Tri)lis%ri'a 'ari asam risi&(l%a# *a&)

#%r'a"a# 'alam (l%,m ri-i&i a+a& m%&)alami i'r(lisis 'alam ,s,s al,s (l%


18/23

li"as% "a&+r%as m%&0a'i )lis%ri'a 'a& asam risi&(l%a# *a&) 'a"a# m%&)i&',+si

'iar% '%&)a& -ara m%&s#im,lasi a+#i6i#as "%ris#al#i+ 'i m,+(sa i%s#i&al! s%i&))a

m%&*%bab+a& "%r,baa& "%rm%abili#as s%l m,+(sa #%ra'a" -aira& 'a& %l%+#r(li#!

s%r#a m%&i&)+a#+a& bi(si%sis "r(s#a)la&'i& 2A&as! 35$

"%rasa& 'a,& sambil(#( mam", m%mb%ri+a& "%&)ar, 'a*a amba#

#%ra'a" "%r#,mb,a& ba+#%ri E. coli m%s+i",& 'iam%#%r 8(&a amba# *a&)

'iasil+a& +%-il$ K%-il&*a 8(&a amba# *a&) #%rb%,+ 'a"a# 'i"%&)ar,i ",la

(l% m,#, %+s#ra+ 'a,&$ M,#, %+s#ra+ 'i"%&)ar,i (l% ',a a+#(r ,#ama *ai#,

a+#(r bi(l()i 'a& a+#(r +imia$ 7a+#(r bi(l()i m%li",#i s"%si%s #a&ama&! l(+asi

#a&ama& asal! a+#, "%ma&%&a&! "%&*im"a&a& baa& ba+,! ,m,r s%r#a ba)ia&

#a&ama& *a&) 'i),&a+a&$ L(+asi #a&ama& 'i"%&)ar,i (l% li&)+,&)a& s%"%r#i

#a&a! a#m(sir! -,a-a! #%m"%ra#,r! -aa*a! air! s%&*aa (r)a&i+ 'a& a&(r)a&i+$

Wa+#, "a&%& 0,)a m%m"%&)ar,i +a&',&)a& 8a# a+#i 'a,& sambil(#(! 'ima&a

+a&',&)a& 8a# a+#i #%rs%b,# m%&-a"ai 0,mla ("#imal "a'a saa# #a&ama& a+a&

b%rb,&)a 2,m,r sambil(#( 3.; b,la&5 2Misra! 3@5$

7a+#(r +%',a a'ala a+#(r +imia aara lai& a+#(r %+s#%r&al 'a& a+#(r

i%r&al$ 7a+#(r %+s#%r&al *a&) m%m"%&)ar,i m%li",#i : ,+,ra& baa&! "%&*ari&)

*a&) 'i),&a+a& 'alam %+s#ra+si! +a&',&)a& l()am b%ra# 'a& "%s#isi'a "a'a

#a&ama& 'a& m%#('% %+s#ra+si *a&) 'i),&a+a&$ Dalam "%&%li#ia& i&i +%m,&)+i&a&

m%#('% %+s#ra+si 'a,& *a&) 'i),&a+a& +,ra&) #%"a# 'i',)a +(m"(&%& +imia *a&)

#%r+a&',&) 'alam %rba sambil(#( #i'a+ #%r%+s#ra+ s%m,a$ H%rmaa& 23@5

m%&)),&a+a& m%#('% mas%rasi ,,+ m%&)%+s#ra+si 'a,& siri 2Piper betle L$5!

'ima&a %+s#ra+ #%rs%b,# b%r"%&)ar, #%ra'a" "%r#,mb,a& ba+#%ri


19/23

Staphylococcus aureus 'a&E. coli *a&) 'i#,&0,++a& '%&)a& a'a&*a 'a%ra 0%r&i

2clear zona5 *a&) #%rb%,+ "a'a m%'ia ,0i! asil&*a 0a, l%bi b%sar *ai#, "a'a

ba+#%ri Staphylococcus aureus s%b%sar 3@!14 mm 2P15 3C!3C mm 2P35 'a& 3!3C

mm 2P;5 s%'a&)+a& "a'a ba+#%riE. coli 'iam%#%r *a&) #%rb%,+ *ai#, 1! mm

2P15 !43 mm 2P35 'a& 1!?@ mm 2P;5$ =a'i 'i"%rl,+a& m%#('% %+s#ra+si lai&

,,+ m%m"%r(l% %+s#ra+ *a&) l%bi ba&*a+ ,,+ 'a"a# m%&)amba#

"%r#,mb,a& ba+#%riE. coli

7a+#(r i%r&al *a&) m%m"%&)ar,i m,#, %+s#ra+ m%li",#i: 0%&is!

+(m"(sisi +,ali#a#i! +(m"(sisi +,ai#a#i! 'a& +a'ar ra#a.ra#a s%&*aa a+#i *a&)

#%r+a&',&) 'alam 'a,& sambil(#($ A&'r()ra"(li'a a'ala 8a# *a&) "ali&)

ba&*a+ #%r'a"a# 'alam sambil(#( 2D,+%! 35$ >(ri& 235 'a& Pra"a&8a

23;5 m%&*%b,#+a& baa! +a&',&)a& a&'r()ra"(li'a 'a"a# m%laa&

"%&*a+i#! +ar%&a m%mili+i 'a*a aiba+#%ri 'a& 'a"a# m%&)a+#i+a& s%l lim(si# B

,,+ m%m"r(',+si aib('i$ K(m"l%+ ai)%& J aib('i i&i *a&) 'a"a# m%mi-,

+%a'ira& ma+r(a) ,,+ m%ma)(si#(si#(sis 'a& m%&-%r&a mi+r((r)a&ism%

2>(("%r! 1@5$

Sa"(&i& *a&) #%r+a&',&) 'alam 'a,& sambil(#( m%r,"a+a& )li+(si'a

2Ni(!1C5 *a&) b%+%r0a s%ba)ai aiba+#%ri '%&)a& -ara m%&))a&)), s#abili#as

m%mbra& s%l ba+#%ri$ S%m%ara 7la6(&(i' 'a"a# m%&)amba# "%r#,mb,a&

ba+#%ri '%&)a& m%r,sa+ "%rm%abili#as 'i&'i&) s%l ba+#%ri! mi+r(s(m! 'a& lis(s(m

s%ba)ai asil i%ra+si aara la6(&(i' '%&)a& DNA ba+#%ri 2Sabir! 3?5$

A+i*ama! et al.! 2315 m%&*%b,#+a& baa #a&i& m%mili+i a+#i6i#as

aiba+#%ri '%&)a& -ara m%r,sa+ m%mbra& s%l ba+#%ri$ Al+al(i' *a&) #%r+a&',&)


20/23

'alam 'a,& sambil(#( 'a"a# m%&))a&), +(m"(&%& "%&*,s,& "%"#i'()li+a& "a'a

s%l ba+#%ri! s%i&))a la"isa& 'i&'i&) s%l #i'a+ #%rb%,+ s%-ara ,#, 'a&

m%&*%bab+a& +%ma#ia& s%l 2R(bi&s(&! 1?5$ Disam"i&) i#,! %+s#ra+ 'a,&

sambil(#( #%rb,+#i mam", m%&i&)+a#+a& "%r#aa&a& #,b, #%ra'a" i&%+si

Staphylococcus aureus 'i#a&'ai '%&)a& m%&i&)+a#&*a lim(si# 'a& "%rbai+a&

0ari&)a& "ar,."ar,! a#i! 'a& )i&0al "a'a m%&-i# s%ba)ai %a& "%r-(baa&

2Dalim,%! 35$


21/23

BAB )

PENUTUP

).1 K%$*+-'la!

a$ E+s#ra+ 'a,& Sambil(#( m%mili+i %%+ ai'iar%

b$ E%+ ai'iar% %+s#ra+ 'a,& sambil(#( l%bi b%sar 'iba&'i&)+a& Air

).2 Sa"a!

a$ Diara"+a& "ra+#i+a& s%la&0,#&*a m%&)),&a+a& (ba# ai'iar% 'ari

)(l(&)a& lai& s%"%r#i +a(li&

b$ Diara"+a& "ra+#i+a& s%la&0,#&*a m%&)),&a+a& %+s#ra+ #,mb,a&

*a&) lai& *a&) m%mili+i %%+ ai'iar% s%"%r#i 'a,& ra&',

-$ Diara"+a& s%la&0,#&*a "ra+#i+a& m%&)),&a+a& m%#('% lai& ,,+ ,0i

aia'iar% *ai#, #a&"a m%&'is+(&%+si+a& %a& ,0i s%"%r#i m%#('%

+r,s+al.allis 'a& ,0i ma&& i#&%* *ai#, '%&)a& m%&)i#,&) b%ra#

%s%s #i+,s

DAFTAR PUSTAKA


22/23

A+i*ama! H$! 7,0ii! K$! Yamasa+i! O$! O(&(! T$! a&' Ia#s,+i! T$ 31$ Aiba-#%rial

A-#i(& ( S%6%ral Tannins A)ai&s Staphylococcus aureus$ =(,r&al (

Aimi-r(bial >%m(#%ra"*$ 9(l$ 4C : [email protected]$

A&as! Y! '++$ 235$Aktivitas Antidiare Ekstrak Etanol Daun Randu Ceiba petandra!

Pada "encit #antan $alur %alb&c$ S%mara&):U&i6%rsi#as Di"(&%)(r(

>(("%r! D$ 1@$ P%ri"%ral Bl((' >%lls$ >ali(r&ia : U&i6%rsi#* ( >ali(r&ia$

$sa-s$,-s$%',37(m%37

37bl(('s*l$#msi8%3?$C+B&am%bas("il$0")"bas("il#*"%0"%)&

(3##;;(i'-3?'14C3;C?a?%4%iUT7.C$ Ta&))al a+s%s : A"ril 31$

>(ri&! =$ E$ 3$ Pa#(isi(l()i$ P%&%rbi# B,+, K%'(+#%ra& EG>: =a+ar#a$

Dalim,%! A$ 3$ I%ra+si Sambil(#( 2Andro'raphis paniculata5$ D%"ar#%m%&

7arma+(l()i 7a+,l#as 7armasi U&i6%rsi#as S,ma#%ra U#ara$ M%'a&$

D,+%! =$ 3$ P*#(-%mi-al a&' E#&(b(#a&i-al Da#abas% A&'r()ra"li'%$

##"://s,&$ars.)ri$)(6:CC/&")s",b/Fsl/',+%/-%m'is"$Fsl-%mi-al

ANDROGRAPHOLIDE$ Ta&))al a+s%s : A"ril 31

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