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Facilities and Safety
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 2
Learning ObjectivesAt the end of this module, participants will be able to:
relate how facility design impacts the efficiency and safety of laboratory workers
describe practices to prevent or reduce risks list personal protective equipment (PPE) that
should be used routinely by laboratory workers explain general safety requirements for the
laboratory describe steps to take in response to emergencies
such as biological or chemical spills, or laboratory fires
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 3
ScenarioYour laboratory specializes in virology. There is an epidemic of H5N1 in your country and the Ministry of Health names your laboratory as the reference laboratory for processing all samples. What are the elements to consider ensuring biosafety in your laboratory?
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 4
Organization Personnel Equipment
Purchasing &
Inventory
Process Control
Information Management
Documents&
Records
Occurrence Management Assessment
Process Improvement
Customer Service
Facilities &
Safety
The Quality Management System
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 5
Laboratory Accident
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 6
Secondary effects of a laboratory accident loss of staff confidence loss of reputation loss of customers increased costs litigation, insurance
Negligence of laboratory safety is costly!
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 7
is responsible for quality and safety
EVERYONE
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 8
All diagnostic and health care
laboratories must be designed and organized forBiosafety level 2
or above
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 99
Laboratory design
Path followed by the samplereception and registration of patientssampling roomsdispatch between different laboratoriesanalysis of samples
Report delivery, filing
Service rooms
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 10
Blood clotting
Hematology
Biochemistry
Washroo
m
Bacteriology
Gynaecological samples
Blood samples
Common room, stairs
to offices
Disinfection
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 11
Registration desk
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 12
no unauthorized personsno friendsno childrenno animals
PleaseCLOSE
the DOOR
Safety during service
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 13
Sample collection room
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 14
Blood clotting
Hematology
Biochemistry
Washroo
m
Bacteriology
Gynaecological samplescollection
Blood samples
collection
Common room, stairs to offices
Disinfection
Patient
Reception
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 15
Blood clotting
Hematology
Biochemistry
Washroo
m
Bacteriology
Gynaecological samplescollection
Blood samples
collection
Common room, stairs
to offices
Disinfection
SampleReception
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 16
Segregated areas
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 17
Stock room
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 1818
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 19
Doors and large equipment
Main Door
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 20
Blood clotting
Hematology
Biochemistry
Washroo
m
Bacteriology
Gynaecological samples collection
Blood samples
collection
Common room, stairs
to offices
Disinfection
Waste
Reception
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 2121
Premises
high ceiling with good ventilation walls and ceiling
use washable, glossy painteasy to clean and disinfect
flooreasy to clean and disinfect
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 2222
Benchtops non-porous covering, easy to clean,
resistant to chemicals and disinfectants
no wood, no steel
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 23
Benches and working space
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 2424
Scheduled Cleaning daily
bench tops floors
weeklyceiling and walls
other refrigeratorsfreezersstorage areas
record date and cleaning staff
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 25
Safety Management
Responsible: Safety Officer
Safety Manual: laboratory-specific Standard Operating Procedures Trained personnel
potential risks safety procedures
Waste Management
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 26
General Safety Equipment
shower
eye washer PPE
waste disposal
fire safety
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 27
Standard Safety PracticesDO NOT-
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 28
Standard Safety PracticesDO-
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 29
Safety Signs
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 30
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 31
Research Employee Injuries (1993–1997)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Office of Laboratory Safety
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 32
Laboratory Support Injuries (1993–1997)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Office of Laboratory Safety
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 33
Laboratory Hazards
physical
chemical
biological
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 34
Bites, scratches animal or
ectoparasites
Spills, sprays
Aspiration through pipettes
broken glass, sharps
needles, syringes
Accidents, injuries
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 35
Physical Hazards
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 36
do not recap needles
always use puncture-resistant, leakproof, sharps containers
always use specific waste disposal containers
never directly handle broken glass
Needles, Broken Glass, and Sharps
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 37
Do you see anything wrong?
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 38
Do NOT reuse disposable injection equipment
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 39
Chemical Hazards Biosafety Level 1 and 2 laboratoriesSeparate cabinets for storage: spill containment cabinet hazardous waste storage flammable liquids storage
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 40
Material Safety Data Sheet
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 4141
The risks for laboratory workers -most frequently reported infections in US, 1979-1999
Disease or Agent No. of CasesMycobacterium tuberculosis 223
Q fever 176
Hantavirus 169
Hepatitis B virus 84
Brucella sp. 81
Salmonella sp. 66
Shigella sp. 56
Hepatitis non-A, non-B 28
Cryptosporidium sp. 27
Total 1074
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 42
Biological HazardsAerosols and droplets are the main
sources of contamination
MODIFIED SLIDE 41->42
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 43
Single-source, multiple laboratory infections
Disease Probable Source Max Distance from Source
Number Infected
Brucellosis Centrifugation Basement to 3rd floor
94
Coccidioidomycosis Culture transfersolid media
2 building floors 13
Coxsackie Virus infection
Spilled tube of infected mouse tissue on floor
5 feet estimated 2
Murine Typhus Intranasal inoculation of mice
6 feet estimated 6
Tularemia 20 Petri plates dropped
70 feet 5
Venezuelan encephalitis
9 lyophilized ampoules dropped
4th floor stairs to 3rd or 5th floor
24
Reitman and Wedum, 1956
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 44
Contamination Routes
Ocular invasion
Inhalation
Ingestion
Skin penetration
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 45
Personal Protective EquipmentBSL 1 and 2
laboratory coat gloves goggles or face shield masks hearing protection
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 46
Minor spill
Major spill
Chemical Spills anything beyond a minor spill and requiring help from outside of the laboratory group constitutes a major spill
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 47
Biological Spills
Spill Exercises
Spill Spill ExercisesExercises
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 48
Learn how to operate a portable fire extinguisher
Laboratory Fire Safety
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 49
Summary
When designing a laboratory or organizing workflow, ensure that patients and patient samples do not have common pathways
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 50
Summary
Safety is dependent on: a responsible supervisor a safety manual and SOPs trained personnel assessment of risks laboratory design
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 51
Key Message
Neglecting laboratory safety is costly.
It jeopardizes the lives and health of employees and patients, and jeopardizes laboratory reputation, equipment, and facilities.
Facilities and Safety - Module 2 52
Questions?
Comments?
Organization Personnel Equipment
Purchasing &
Inventory
Process Control
Information Management
Documents&
Records
Occurrence Management
Assessment
Process Improvement
Customer Service
Facilities &
Safety
