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Wild Chapter 10McGraw-Hill/Irwin
*
*
In this chapter, we will learn about issuing bonds at par, at a
discount, and at a premium. We also learn about various ways to
structure the payments on notes payable.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
C1: Explain the types and payment patterns of notes
C2: Appendix 10A: Explain and compute the present value of an
amount to be paid at a future date
C3: Appendix 10C: Describe the accrual of bond interest when bond
payments do not align with accounting periods
C4: Appendix 10D: Describe accounting for leases
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
A3: Compute the debt-to-equity ratio and explain its use
Analytical Learning Objectives
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
P1: Prepare entries to record bond issuance and bond interest
expense
P2: Compute and record amortization of bond discount
P3: Compute and record amortization of bond premium
P4: Record the retirement of bonds
P5: Prepare entries to account for notes
Procedural Learning Objectives
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Advantages of Bonds
*
*
There are several advantages for issuing bonds instead of stock.
Companies issue bonds because it is a way to raise needed capital
without sacrificing ownership in the company. The interest on bonds
is tax deductible, thereby reducing the actual taxes paid by the
company. Issuing bonds can increase the return on equity if the
company earns a higher return on the borrowed funds than it pays in
interest.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Bonds require payment of both periodic interest and par value at
maturity.
Bonds can decrease return on equity when the company pays more in
interest than it earns on the borrowed funds.
Disadvantages of Bonds
*
*
On the other side of the issue, there are some disadvantages to
issuing bonds. Bonds require regular payment of interest and
repayment of the principal borrowed. These required cash payments
may be difficult if a company faces tight cash flows. Bonds can
also decrease the return on equity if the company pays more in
interest than it earns on the borrowed funds.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Bond market values are expressed as a percent of their par
value.
Bond Trading
*
*
Bonds are securities that can be readily bought and sold. A large
number of bonds are traded on the New York Exchange and the
American Exchange. Since bonds are bought and sold in the market,
they have a market value, or price. For convenience, bond market
values are expressed as a percent of their par value.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
. . .an investment firm called an underwriter. The underwriter
sells the bonds to. . .
A trustee monitors the bond issue.
A company sells the
*
*
When an underwriter sells bonds to a large number of investors, a
trustee monitors the bond issue and protects the bondholders’
interests.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Corporation
Investors
2
2
Bonds are debt. They are similar to other debts a company issues.
However, one difference is that state and federal laws govern bond
issues. The legal document identifying the rights and obligations
of both the bondholders and the issuer is called the bond
indenture. The bond indenture is the legal contract between the
issuer and the bondholders.
On the issue date, the bondholders give the company the market
value, or selling price of the bond. The company gives the
bondholders a bond certificate.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Basics of Bonds
2
2
At regularly scheduled dates during the life of the bond, the
company pays the bondholders interest. Interest is calculated as
Bond Par Value times the Stated Interest Rate on the bond times the
length of time the bond has been outstanding during the year.
Just like all interest rates, the stated interest rate is expressed
on an annual basis. As a result, in this slide, we can assume that
interest payments are made annually since the interest payment
computation does not have a time component in it.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
2
2
At the maturity date, the company pays the bondholders the bond’s
par value.
Now, let’s see how to account for a bond issue.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
King Co. issues the following bonds on January 1, 2008
Par Value = $1,000,000
Maturity Date = Dec. 31, 2027 (20 years)
Issuing Bonds at Par
11
King Company issues bonds at par value. This means that the stated
interest rate on the bond and the market interest rate on the bond
are equal. King’s bonds have a par value of one million dollars, a
stated interest rate of ten percent with interest payable on June
30th and December 31st. The bonds are dated January 1, 2008 and
mature twenty years later on December 31, 2027.
On the issue date, King would debit Cash and credit Bonds Payable
for one million dollars. The Bonds Payable account is always
credited for the par value, or maturity value, of the bonds.
Larson
DR
CR
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
$1,000,000 × 10% × ½ year = $50,000
This entry is made every six months until the bonds mature.
Issuing Bonds at Par
The entry on June 30, 2008, to record the first semiannual interest
payment is . . .
P1
13
On the first interest payment date, King would debit Bond Interest
Expense and credit Cash for fifty thousand dollars. The interest
was calculated as Par value times stated rate times months
outstanding.
King will actually make this entry every six months until the
maturity date.
Larson
DR
CR
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
On Dec. 31, 2027, the bonds mature, King Co. makes the following
entry . . .
Issuing Bonds at Par
P1
13
On the maturity date, King will repay the par value of the bonds by
debiting Bonds Payable and crediting Cash for one million dollars.
At this time, the debt is extinguished.
Larson
DR
CR
T- Account
Company Name
Financial Statement
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
*
*
In almost all cases, the stated (contract) rate and the market rate
of interest will not agree. When these two interest rates are
different, it might make sense to you for us to just change our
stated rate to equal the market rate and then everything would be
fine. Well, we can’t do that. Remember that the bond certificate
lists all of the specifics about the bond including the interest
rate. Because we have to print the bond certificates in advance, we
are stuck having to pay the interest printed on the bond
certificate.
The only thing that is not printed on the bond certificate is the
selling price. So, the issuing company and the bond investors come
to an agreement on the selling price that incorporates the
difference in the stated interest rate and the market interest
rate.
Sheet1
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Prepare the entry for Jan. 1, 2008, to record the following bond
issue by Rose Co.
Par Value = $1,000,000
Stated Interest Rate = 10%
Market Interest Rate = 12%
Maturity Date = Dec. 31, 2012 (5 years)
Issuing Bonds at a Discount
}
P2
*
*
In this example, Rose Company is issuing bonds with a par value of
one million dollars, a stated interest rate of ten percent with
interest payable semiannually on June thirtieth and December
thirty-first. However, the market interest rate on the issue date
for financial instruments with similar risk is twelve
percent.
Now, if our bond is paying ten percent and the market is paying
twelve percent, how many investors will want to buy our bonds?
None! So, we have to make our bonds more attractive by reducing the
selling price to make up the difference in the interest
rates.
In this example, Rose Company sells its bonds for 92.6405% of its
par value. This discount in the selling price raises the effective
interest rate that the investors will earn to twelve percent.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Amortizing the discount increases Interest Expense over the
outstanding life of the bond.
$1,000,000 ´ 92.6405%
P2
*
*
Rose will receive cash of nine hundred twenty six thousand, four
hundred five dollars from the bond investors. The difference
between the par value of the bonds and the cash price received is
the discount that we offered the bond investors.
Remember that the whole reason we offered the discount is because
of the difference between the stated rate and the market rate of
interest. As a result, the discount represents an additional
interest factor that will be amortized to Interest Expense over the
life of the bond. Amortizing the discount will increase the total
Interest Expense recorded for the bond to equal twelve percent, the
market rate of interest.
Sheet1
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Contra-Liability
Account
On Jan. 1, 2008, Rose Co. would record the bond issue as
follows.
Issuing Bonds at a Discount
P2
*
*
On the issue date, Rose will debit Cash for the amount of the cash
proceeds, credit Bonds Payable for the par value of the bonds
issued, and debit Discount on Bonds Payable for the difference
between the two.
Discount on Bonds Payable is a contra-liability account and has a
normal debit balance.
Larson
DR
CR
T- Account
Company Name
Financial Statement
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Issuing Bonds at a Discount
Using the straight-line method, the discount amortization will be
$7,360 every six months.
$73,595 ÷ 10 periods = $7,360* *(rounded)
P2
*
*
On the balance sheet, the amount of the unamortized discount is
subtracted from the par value of the bonds to arrive at the current
carrying value of the bonds.
Using the straight-line method to amortize the discount, Rose will
divide the amount of the discount by the number of interest payment
periods during the bond’s life. Since this is a 5 year bond and it
pays interest semiannually, there are 10 interest payment periods.
This calculation determines that the discount amortization will be
seven thousand, three hundred sixty dollars at every interest
payment date.
Sheet1
Long-term Liabilities:
73,595
$ 926,405
&A
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
$1,000,000 × 10% × ½ = $50,000
Make the following entry every six months to record the cash
interest payment and the amortization of the discount.
Issuing Bonds at a Discount
P2
*
*
Every six months, Rose will make this entry. The credit to Cash is
for the actual amount of cash interest paid to the bondholders. It
is calculated as par value times the stated interest rate times one
half of a year. The credit to the Discount on Bonds Payable account
is determined using the straight-line method we discussed on the
previous slide. The debit to Bond Interest Expense is the total of
the two credit amounts in this entry.
Larson
DR
CR
T- Account
Company Name
Financial Statement
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
P2
An amortization table illustrates the interest payment, interest
expense, discount amortization, unamortized discount balance, and
the carrying value of the bond for each interest payment period
over the life of the bond.
Sheet1
A
B
C
D
E
Interest
Interest
Discount
Unamortized
Book
Date
Payment
Expense
Amortization
Discount
Value
1/1/X1
$ 73,595
$ 926,405
6/30/X1
$ 50,000
$ 55,584
$ 5,584
68,011
931,989
12/31/X1
50,000
55,919
5,919
62,102
937,898
6/30/X2
50,000
56,274
6,274
55,828
944,172
12/31/X2
50,000
56,650
6,650
49,178
950,822
6/30/X3
50,000
57,049
7,049
42,128
957,872
12/31/X3
50,000
57,472
7,472
34,656
965,344
6/30/X4
50,000
57,921
7,921
26,736
973,264
12/31/X4
50,000
58,396
8,396
18,340
981,660
6/30/X5
50,000
58,900
8,900
9,440
990,560
12/31/X5
50,000
59,434
9,440
0
1,000,000
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
interest expense over the life of the bond.
Straight-Line and Effective Interest Methods
P2
*
*
Instead of using the straight-line method to amortize the discount,
some companies use the effective interest method. The effective
interest method applies the market interest rate to the carrying
value of the bond to determine the amount of amortization for the
period. As indicated in this graph, as the carrying value increases
toward the par value, the amount of annual amortization
increases.
Whether a company uses the straight-line method or the effective
interest method, the total interest expense recorded over the life
of the bond is the same.
Chart1
Sheet1
12/31/08
12/31/09
12/31/10
12/31/11
12/31/12
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Prepare the entry for Jan. 1, 2008, to record the following bond
issue by Rose Co.
Par Value = $1,000,000
Stated Interest Rate = 10%
Market Interest Rate = 8%
Maturity Date = Dec. 31, 2012 (5 years)
Issuing Bonds at a Premium
}
P3
*
*
In this example, Rose Company is issuing bonds with a par value of
one million dollars, a stated interest rate of ten percent with
interest payable semiannually on June 30th and December 31st.
However, the market interest rate on the issue date for financial
instruments with similar risk is eight percent.
Now, if our bond is paying ten percent, and the market is paying
eight percent, how many investors will want to buy our bonds? All
of them! So, we can increase the price of our bonds and they will
still be attractive to the bond investors.
In this example, Rose company sells its bonds for 108.1145% of its
par value. This premium in the selling price reduces the effective
interest rate that the investors will earn to eight percent.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Amortizing the premium decreases Interest Expense over the life of
the bond.
$1,000,000 ´ 108.1145%
P3
*
*
Rose will receive cash of one million, eighty-one thousand, one
hundred forty-five dollars from the bond investors. The difference
between the par value of the bonds and the cash price received is
the premium we charged the bond investors.
Remember that the whole reason we could offer the premium is
because of the difference between the stated rate and the market
rate of interest. As a result, the premium represents a reduction
in the Interest Expense recorded over the life of the bond.
Amortizing the premium will decrease the total Interest Expense
recorded for the bond to equal eight percent, the market rate of
interest.
Sheet1
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Adjunct-Liability
Account
On Jan. 1, 2008, Rose Co. would record the bond issue as
follows.
Issuing Bonds at a Premium
P3
*
*
On the issue date, Rose will debit Cash for the amount of the cash
proceeds, credit Bonds Payable for the par value of the bonds
issued, and credit Premium on Bonds Payable for the difference
between the two.
Premium on Bonds Payable is an adjunct-liability account and has a
normal credit balance.
Larson
DR
CR
T- Account
Company Name
Financial Statement
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Using the straight-line method, the premium amortization will be
$8,115 every six months.
$81,145 ÷ 10 periods = $8,115 (rounded)
Issuing Bonds at a Premium
P3
*
*
On the balance sheet, the premium account is added to the par value
of the bonds to arrive at the current carrying value of the
bonds.
Using the straight-line method to amortize the premium, Rose will
divide the premium by the number of interest payment periods during
the bond’s life. Since this is a five-year bond and it pays
interest semiannually, there are ten interest payment periods. This
calculation determines that the premium amortization will be eight
thousand, one hundred fifteen dollars at every interest payment
date.
Sheet1
Long-term Liabilities:
81,145
$ 1,081,145
&A
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
$1,000,000 × 10% × ½ = $50,000
This entry is made every six months to record the cash interest
payment and the amortization of the premium.
Issuing Bonds at a Premium
P3
*
*
Every six months, Rose will make this entry. The credit to Cash is
for the actual amount of cash interest paid to the bondholders. It
is calculated as par value times the stated interest rate times one
half of a year. The debit to the Premium on Bonds Payable account
is determined using the straight-line method we discussed on the
previous slide. The debit to Bond Interest Expense is amount of the
cash credit less the bond premium amortization.
Larson
DR
CR
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
P3
An amortization table illustrates the interest payment, interest
expense, premium amortization, unamortized premium balance, and the
carrying value of the bond for each interest payment period over
the life of the bond.
Sheet1
A
B
C
D
E
Interest
Interest
Discount
Unamortized
Book
Date
Payment
Expense
Amortization
Discount
Value
1/1/X1
$ 73,595
$ 926,405
6/30/X1
$ 50,000
$ 55,584
$ 5,584
68,011
931,989
12/31/X1
50,000
55,919
5,919
62,102
937,898
6/30/X2
50,000
56,274
6,274
55,828
944,172
12/31/X2
50,000
56,650
6,650
49,178
950,822
6/30/X3
50,000
57,049
7,049
42,128
957,872
12/31/X3
50,000
57,472
7,472
34,656
965,344
6/30/X4
50,000
57,921
7,921
26,736
973,264
12/31/X4
50,000
58,396
8,396
18,340
981,660
6/30/X5
50,000
58,900
8,900
9,440
990,560
12/31/X5
50,000
59,434
9,440
0
1,000,000
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Interest Payment Dates
At year-end, an adjusting entry is necessary to recognize bond
interest expense accrued since the most recent interest
payment.
3 months’ accrued interest
Accruing Bond Interest Expense
*
*
When bond interest payment dates do not fall at year-end, an
adjusting entry is required to record the bond interest expense and
the bond interest payable that has accrued since the last interest
payment date.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Par Value = $1,000,000
Maturity Date = Dec. 31, 2012 (5 years)
Present Value of a Discount Bond
C2
*
*
In our previous examples, we provided the selling price of the
bonds. But how did we determine those prices? To compute the price
of a bond, we apply present value concepts.
We know the following information related to the bond:
Par value to be received at maturity.
Interest payments determined using the stated interest rate.
Number of interest payment periods.
Market rate of interest.
Let’s see how we use this information to determine the price of a
bond.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
1. Semiannual rate = 6% (Market rate 12% ÷ 2)
2. Semiannual periods = 10 (Bond life 5 years × 2)
$1,000,000 × 10% × ½ = $50,000
*
*
The price of the bond is made up of two factors:
The present value of the par value paid at maturity.
The present value of the series of interest payments over the life
of the bond.
For Rose, the par value is one million dollars. To find the present
value of the par value, we can use the Present Value of One Table
or a calculator. The future value is one million dollars, the time
is ten periods, and the market interest rate for each semiannual
period is six percent. If we use the Present Value of One Table, we
find an interest factor of 0.5584. When we multiply this interest
factor times the par value of one million dollars, we get the
present value.
To find the present value of the interest payments, we can use the
Present Value of an Annuity of One Table or a calculator. The
annuity is fifty thousand dollars, the time is ten periods, and the
market interest rate for each semiannual period is six percent. If
we use the Present Value of an Annuity of One Table, we find an
interest factor of 7.3601. When we multiply this interest factor
times the interest annuity of fifty thousand dollars, we get the
present value.
If we add the two present value amounts calculated together, we get
the selling price of the bond.
Sheet1
PV of $1
7.3601
50,000
368,005
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Bond Retirement
*
*
On the maturity date, the issuing company debits Bonds Payable and
credits Cash for the par value of the bond.
If bonds are retired before the maturity date, a gain or loss is
recorded. The gain or loss is determined by comparing the carrying
value of the bond on the retirement date with the cash price paid
to retire the bonds.
Larson
DR
CR
T- Account
Company Name
Financial Statement
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Bond Retirement
The carrying value of the bond at maturity should equal its par
value.
Sometimes bonds are retired prior to their maturity.
Two common ways to retire bonds are through the exercise of a
callable option or through purchasing them on the open
market.
Callable bonds present several accounting issues including
calculating gains and losses.
P4
*
*
Bonds are eventually retired. This can be through the payment of
the principal at maturity, or through calling the bond in before
maturity. Bonds may also be retired early if there is a conversion
feature that allows the bonds to be retired in exchange for
stock.
When bonds are paid off at maturity, the carrying value of the bond
will equal the par value and the journal entry to record the
transaction simply involves a debit to bonds payable and a credit
to cash.
Issuers sometimes wish to retire some or all of their bonds prior
to maturity. Most of the time this results in a gain or loss
depending on what the price of the bond is at the time it is
called. Two common ways to retire bonds are through the exercise of
a callable option or through re-purchasing them on the open market.
These types of early retirements usually result in gains or losses
which requires additional calculations and journal entries.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Long-Term Notes Payable
Now, let’s change topics and discuss long-term notes payable.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Note Date
When is the repayment of the principal and interest going to be
made?
Long-Term Notes Payable
2
2
Notes are typically between a company and a single lender, such as
a bank.
When the note payable is issued, the lender provides the cash to
the company and the company signs a note payable contract agreeing
to repay the principal plus interest.
Let’s look at two common ways to structure the repayment of the
principal and the interest.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
C1
2
2
For some notes, the note principal and interest are paid in a
single payment at the end of the note term.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Regular Payments of Principal plus Interest
Payments can either be equal principal payments plus interest or
equal payments.
Regular Payments of Principal plus Interest
C1
2
2
Other notes require regular payments during the note term. In some
cases, the regular payments consist of equal principal payments
plus interest. In other cases, the regular payments consist of
equal payments that include both principal payments and interest
payments.
Most car loans are like this latter example. The payment is the
same every month and consists of interest and some principal
payment.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
The principal payments are $10,000 each year.
Interest expense decreases each year.
Annual payments decrease.
*
*
In cases where the payments include equal principal payments, the
payment amounts decrease over time as interest expense
decreases.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Installment Notes with Equal Payments
The principal payments increase each year. Interest expense
decreases each year.
Annual payments are constant.
*
*
In cases where the payments are equal, the amount of the principal
payment increases each year as the interest expense payment
decreases.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
There are several common types of bonds.
Secured bonds have specific assets of the issuer pledged as
collateral. Unsecured bonds are backed by the issuer’s general
credit standing.
Term bonds are scheduled for maturity on one specified date. Serial
bonds mature at more than one date.
Registered bonds are issued in the names and addresses of their
holders. Bearer bonds are payable to whoever holds the bond.
Convertible bonds can be exchanged for a fixed number of common
shares of the issuing corporation. Callable bonds have an option
exercisable by the issuer to retire them at a stated dollar amount
prior to maturity.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
A legal agreement that helps protect the lender if the borrower
fails to make the required payments.
Gives the lender the right to be paid out of the cash proceeds from
the sale of the borrower’s assets specifically identified in the
mortgage contract.
Mortgage Notes and Bonds
*
*
A mortgage is a legal agreement that helps protect a lender if the
borrower fails to make required payments on bonds or notes.
A mortgage gives the lender the right to be paid from the cash
proceeds of the sale of a borrower’s assets specifically identified
in the mortgage contract.
Most home loans have a mortgage contract that give the lender the
right to sell the house and be paid out of the cash proceeds if the
borrower defaults on the loan payments.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
This ratio helps investors determine the risk of investing in a
company by dividing its total liabilities by total equity.
Debt-to-Equity Ratio
=
*
*
The Debt-to-Equity Ratio helps investors determine the risk of
investing in a company’s bonds by dividing the company’s total
liabilities by its total equity. A high Debt-to-Equity Ratio (over
1) indicates the company’s liabilities outweigh its equity. The
lower the number, the safer the investment will be.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Jan. 1, 2008
C3
*
*
One complicating factor that can occur is when a company issues
bonds between interest dates. This is a common occurrence because
bonds are sold when there is a willing buyer and seller, and that
can take place on any date, not just an interest payment
date.
When bonds are issued between interest payment dates, the investor
pays for the bond PLUS the accrued interest since the last interest
payment date. This allows the issuing company to pay all the
investors the same interest amount on the interest payment
date.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
June 30, 2008
First Interest Payment
Earned interest
*
*
On the interest payment date, the investor receives the full
interest payment for the period even though the bond was only
outstanding for a portion of the period. The interest payment
actually represents two factors. One is a mere repayment of the
accrued interest that the investor paid on the purchase date of the
bond. The other is interest earned since the bond was
purchased.
Let’s look at an example.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2010
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Prepare the entry to record the following bond issue by King Co. on
Apr. 1, 2008.
Par Value = $1,000,000
Maturity Date = Dec. 31, 2012 (5 years)
Issuing Bonds Between Interest Dates
C 3
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In this example, King Company is issuing bonds with a par value of
one million dollars, a stated interest rate of ten percent with
interest payable semiannually on June 30th and December 31st. The
market interest rate on the issue date for financial instruments
with similar risk is ten percent. The issue date for this bond is
April 1st, which is between interest payment dates.
Since the bonds will sell at par value, the cash amount received
will include one million dollars as the price for the bonds. The
cash amount received will also include accrued interest since the
last interest date. In this example, that would be twenty five
thousand dollars. It is calculated as par value times stated
interest rate times the time since the last interest payment
date.
Sheet1
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
At the date of issue the following entry is made:
Issuing Bonds Between Interest Dates
The first interest payment on June 30, 2005 is:
C3
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On the issue date, King will debit Cash for the total cash received
as determined on the previous slide. It will credit Bonds Payable
for the par value of the bonds and Interest Payable for the accrued
interest amount received.
On the next interest payment date, King will credit Cash for the
entire amount of interest due for six months. It will debit
Interest Payable for the amount of the interest payment that
represents a repayment of the accrued interest received on the
issue date. And, it will debit Bond Interest Expense for the
interest incurred since the bonds were issued.
Larson
DR
CR
T- Account
Company Name
Financial Statement
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
Preferred
Common
Preferred
Common
$ 9,000
2.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
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In this chapter we learned about issuing bonds at par, at a
discount, and at a premium. We also learned about various ways to
structure the payments on notes payable.
DRCR
Contract rate is:Bond sells:
Equal to market rateAt par value
Below market rateAt a discount
Par Value
Long-term Liabilities: DR CR
DR CR
Cash 50,000
Straight-Line Amortization Table
Interest InterestDiscount UnamortizedCarrying
12/31/201250,000 57,355 7,355 01,000,000
Effective Interest Method55,919 56,650 57,472 58,396
54,000
55,000
56,000
57,000
58,000
59,000
60,000
20082009201020112012
Bonds payable 1,000,000
Long-term Liabilities: DR CR
Premium on bonds payable8,115
12/31/201250,000 41,890 8,110 01,000,000
Interest (annuity)
$-
Interest
Principal
Interest
Principal
DR CR