Explorers and Explorations

C 17 S. 1 & 2

• Explorers sailed around the southern tip of Africa looking for a route to China & India. – Bartholomeu Dias– Vasco da Gama

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Toscanelli’s Map 1474

Navigation

• Science of planning and directing the route of a ship

• Arab Merchants controlled the land routes to China and India in the 1300s and 1400s?

• Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal set up a school of navigation.

• Portuguese explorer Bartholomeu Dias -first European to sail around the tip of Africa.

• Named Cape of Storms• Renamed Cape of Good Hope by King John II

China

• Explored seas between 1405 & 1433

• Indian Ocean

• East coast of Africa

• Queen Isabella financed Columbus’s voyage to reach India.

• Portugal was given control of trade in Africa in the 1450’s.

• Spain was given control of lands to the west

• Portugal was given control on lands to the east

• Portugal and Spain met and gave Portugal could control Brazil

• Portugal sponsored Vasco da Gama’s trip around Africa in 1498

• Spain sponsored Magellan’s trip around the world in 1519

• Da Gama reached India in May 1498.

• Spain and the Dutch traded in Canton, China.

• Portugal traded in Macau, China.

• European explorers went to the Indies for Pepper.

• Pepper only grew in India and Java.

• Ferdinand Magellan was the first attempt to sail around the world. He set sail from Portugal in September 1519 with five ships.

• Magellan was killed in the Philippines.

• Only 18 of the 265 men completed the journey.

• The journey took 3 years and proved the world is round, there is more water than land on Earth.

• Four Continents were explored by Spain, Portugal and Italy.

The West Indies

India and the Philippines

South America

Africa

• First navigation instrument– compass

Vocabulary

• Navigation

• Exploration

• Expedition

• Native

• Strait