Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh

8/2/2019 Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh

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International Aquafeed is published five times a year by Perendale Publishers Ltd of the United Kingdom.All data is published in good faith, based on information received, and while every care is taken to prevent inaccuracies,the publishers accept no liability for any errors or omissions or for the consequences of action taken on the basis ofinformation published.Copyright 2012 Perendale Publishers L td. All rights reserved. No par t of this publication may be reproduced in any form

or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. Printed by Perendale Publishers Ltd. ISSN: 1464-0058

March | April 2012

Feature title: Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh

The International magazine for the aquaculture feed industry
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Bangladesh is endowed withvast

waterareasintheformofponds,

dighis, lakes, streams andrivers,

coastalareas,naturaldepressions

and estuaries covering an area of 4.56

millionha(DoF,2011),etcwherefishcanbe

culturedprofitably.

Fisheriesarediversewithfish andshrimpinthefreshandmarinewatersofBangladesh

that playa majorroleinnutrition,employ-

ment and foreign exchange earnings with

about12 millionpeopleareassociated with

thefisheriessector.

Around400,000haof ponds/ditchesand

morethan900,000 householdsareinvolved

inaquaculture(ADB,2005).

Varietiesofcultural,socio-economicaland

institutionalsettingstogetherwiththediversi-

fiedsetof aquaticspeciesand farmingprac-

ticeshas givenamultidimensionalidentityin

thesectorofaquaculture.Therapidgrowthin

aquacultureproductionhasmadethe sector

importanttoBangladesh.

Crustacean, the most prominent prod-

uctfrom aquaculture ininternational trade

hasbeenthemajor force behindincreased

shrimp/prawn trading.Sincethelate1980s,

farmedprawnhastendedtoactasastabilising

factorforthisindustry.

Feeding fish thoughtto be unnecessaryFeedingfishorany otheraquaticdomes-

ticated aquatic organisms was considered

unnecessaryinthispartof theworld.Most

people thought that even farmed aquatic

organismswereunnatural.Thesebeliefswas

duetoignoranceandpartlytothefactthat

fishandshrimpgrowbeyondoureyesight.

Introductionof pellettypes supplemental

table: h tms and condition of th suvy study is as foows:

asks expctation /rsuts

1.expo diffnt typs of pawn fdavaiab in th makt:a. loca mad by oca sma industy o by

houshodb. Impotdc. Distibution systm though tai/

whosa

-Possib to know th typs of fd usd in thpawn faming aas-Possib to know th nam and poduct ofcompany-Find out th band nam of fd-Possib to know th ingdints usd-Know th suppy systm fo btt pofit magins

2.Catgoiz th fd basd on quaity dquat quaity gad of pawn fd wi bavaiab in th maktPossib to idntify th quaity gad fdavaiab in th maktenistmnt of quaity gad fd as p gad

3.o know th makt sha of th xistingcompanisa. Poduction capacityb. Pocss of manufactuing (pt/powd)c. economics of diffnt typ of fd usd in

industis and thi fficincisd. Infomation on ingdints usd in fd

companis. Compaativ studis on th pic and

nutitiv vau btwn oca andcommcia mad

f. Fomuation of ow cost fd usd ocay

Possib to know th fd makt shaand to compiancs on us andguations

Whth fd is asiy intak &digstionKnow th capacity and sing piceconomics of fd can b assdIngdints can b knownPic and nutitiv vau can b assd

4. o assss th impication on th poduction Gowth dpndncy wi b knownCost bnfit anaysis wi b dtmindChoic of atnat fd wi b known

5.Idntification of hazads ingdintshamfu antibiotics and oth bannd/hamfu substancs

Possib to dtct nito fuan and oth hazadssubstancs contaminatd in th fdIdntify th % of diffnt typs of ingdintsusd in th fd

6. Coction of pimay and sconday datafom th diffnt soucs ona. Makt shab. ratio of ingdintsc. ppication of dosags of fdd. Stoing systm

Can b usd as a gowth toosQuaity can b assud

7. Ppa a fina pot on fd with a wdfind C

Infomation on compt study on fd maktwi b avaiab

Exploration

of the fresh water prawnfeed industry of Bangladesh

byAyazHasanChisty1,PrabalBarua2*andJewelDas3

30 | IntentIon AquAFeed | March-pril 2012

FEATURE

feedingstartedinthecountryinlate1990s

whensemi-intensiveshrimpfarmingofbrack-

ishwaterstartedinthesoutheasternpartof

thecoastalareaandinthebeginningoflast

decadeinfreshwater,whenThaicatfishfarm-

ingstartedgettingpopular.

Beforethatafewfarmsusedricebranand

oilcakesmashfrominaquaculture.

Supplementalfeedsinpelletformforsemi-

intensive Peneaus monodon farming were

mostlyimportedandajointventurecompany

started producing severalthousandtonnes

annuallyinthecountry.

However,semi-intensivePeneaus mono-

donfarmingstartedandvanishedlikebubbles,

aquaculturefeedimportsceasedtoexistand

the joint venture company switched over

toproducinglow-cost aquaculturefeedsfor

fishes.

Since than pellets became familiar and

severalcompanies andprivate farmowners

arenowproducingpelletsforfishandshrimp

inthe way they l ike.Mostof the pellets

producedasfeedcontainsmorejunksthan

nutritionallyrequiredproportionalingredients.

Improperfeedsprovidedtoaterrestrialani-

malmaycauseharmtoitortheanimalcan

denyconsumingandproviderhas anoption

tochangeor modifytomakeit palatable.In

caseofaquacultureoncefeed(sinking)ispro-

vided,itisdifficulttoknowthatpercentageof

feedbeingconsumedbytargetanimal.

The impact of poorerquality feeds

To make things worse uneaten feed/

particlespartlyusedasfertiliserinaquaticeco-

system andpollutethe waterbodyrapidly,

ifwaterexchange isnot practiced (Tacon,

1996).InBangladeshaquaculturemostponds

arerainfedandhardlyhasanyscopeofwater

exchange.

Therefore,costeffective qualityfeedis a

mustforaquaculture.

Badqualityfeed translated intopoorer

productionperformance,polluteswaterbod-

ies,degradeeco-systemandenvironmentand

mayleadtooutbreakofdiseaseinaquacul-

turefarms(Baruaetal,2011).

Itis very muchdifficultto findoutthe

timewhenformulatedfeedwasintroducedin

aquafarmsofBangladesh,butitiswellknown

thatduringtheintroductionofsemiintensive

methodsupplementaryfeedwasintroduced.

EspeciallyinshrimpfarmslocatedinCoxs

Bazaarusedfishmeal,rice brananddifferent

types of oilcakes as supplementaryfeed.

Local farmer started to use this mixture

in1987-1988. TheMeghna Farm ofCoxs

bazarfirst usedthepelleted feed in1989.

SaudiBanglaFishfeedLtd, firstmanufactured

pelleted feed in1990. In2001, Bangladesh

IntegratedFishery andPoultry Limitedfirst

introducedfloatingfeedwhichisverycostly.

Accordingtoresearchreportandvarious

surveysitwasfoundthatthereare100feed-

millsinBangladeshthat produceaquaculture

feedandpoultryfeedtogether.

Itis clearthat thereis nospecificstudy

emphasisingsustainability/feasibility of feed-

basedaquaculture,especiallyinBangladesh.

Infact, theproductionof aqua-feedshas

beenwidelyrecognised asoneof thefast-

e st e xpa nd -

ing agriculturali nd us tr ie s i n

theworld,with

annual growth

rates in excess

of 30 percent

peryear(Tacon,

1996). On the

basis of differ-

ent categories

of species, 25

percentof total

aqua-feed pro-

d uc ti on w as

for shrimp and

prawn.

The efforts

have been

p laced on the

useof by-prod-

ucts from the

muchlargerand

faster-growing

terrestrial agri-

c ul tu ra l p ro -

duction sector,

i nc lu di ng : 1 )

terrestrial ani-

mal by-product

mea ls r esul t-

i ng f rom t he

processing (i .e.

rendering) of

non-food grade livestock by-products; 2)

plantoilseedandgrainlegumemeals;3)cereal

by-productmeals;and4)miscellaneouspro-

teinsources suchas single-cellproteins,leaf

proteinconcentrates,invertebratemeals,etc.

However, theeventualsuccessof these

potentialfeedresourcesas fishmealreplace-

ment in aquafeeds will depend upon the

further developmentand useof improved

March-pril 2012 | IntentIonAquAFeed | 31

FEATURE
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techniquesinfeedprocessing/manufac-

ture(Riaz,1997)andfeedformulation,

includingthe increaseduseof specific

feed additives suchas feedingstimu-

lants,free aminoacids, feedenzymes,

probiotics and immune-enhancers

(HardyandDong,1997).

Feed isthemajorcostvariablein

shrimp aquaculture representing up

to 60percentof totalcosts (Sarac

et al , 1993). Feed costs constitute

40-60 percent of operational costs

in production of the freshwater

prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

(DAbramoandSheen,1991).Initial

effortstoreducefeedcostsforaqua-

culturespecies often includereplace-

mentofexpensiveanimalproteinwith

plantproteinmeals,whicharegenerally

lessexpensive(Tidwellet al.,1993),

orelimination ofexcess vitaminand

mineralpremixesfromthediet(Trio

etal.,1992).

Therefore,effortsshould bemade

wheneverpossibleto increasedusage

of locally available feed ingredient

sources so as to reduce the cur-

rentdependenceofimportedsources

(Rabobank,1995;Best,1996).Thelocal

productionoffarm-madeaquafeedsby

small-scalefarmersplays animportant

role inthatit faci l itates the use oflocallyavailablefeedingredientsources

andagriculturalby-productsthatwould

otherwisenotbeused(New,1996).

However,inclusionofdifferentfood

ingredients,additives,growthpromot-

ersandothersupplementsmightaccu-

mulatesomehealthhazardousmateri-

alsintothemuscleoftheprawnthat

mightcausethe rejectionofexported

prawn from differentimportercoun-

tries.

Facingthefact,thisrealityisprevail-

ingnowadayinthissectorthatmakes

a greatsetbackto the economy of

Bangladesh.

However, thissurveyprojecthad

been carried out to get base l ine

information on different prawn feed

industriesandenterprisersandmarket

situations.

Thisstudyusedbothprimaryand

secondarydatatoachieveitsobjectives.

Primarydatawere collectedfromthe

fishfarmers, fishentrepreneurs(those

provided pond andcapital butwere

notdirectlyrelated),feed manufactur-

ers,feeddealersandfeedretailers.

The survey collected information

oncost,return,price,catchandfeed

compositionoffishculture.

Ontheotherhand,secondarydata

comprisedtime seriesinformationon

table 1: is of differe feed mills d heir cpciy d ure of feed

Sl.no.

nme d addressProduciocpciy

(to/ Hour)Purpose

1 a CI F ee ds , V dr G h , S hir j Go j 20 P oul r y, F i fis h & sh rim p/p r w

2 a f b f eed s d. , upg o j, n r y g oj 10 P oul r y, F if is h

3 aIt Feeds d., Shopipur, gzipur 20 Poulry, Fifish

4 ale Feeds, Bgher Bzr, Gzipur 10 Poulry, Fifish

5 a m Fe ed s, Ull h Pr , Sh ir j go j 10 P oul r y, Fi f is h & sh rim p/p r w

6 By agro Feeds, Shopipur, Gzipur 5 Poulry, Fifish

7 Bisws Feeds, Kshimpur, Gzipur 5 Poulry, Fifish

8 Bismi llh feed Mil ls ,aki, Fkirh, Khu l 5 Pou lry, Fifi sh & Shr imp/prw

9Bismillh feed Mills, nodg,Chderh, Mollrh, Khul

3.5

10 BnS Feeds, Shikudu, chigog 5 Poulry, Fifish

11 BaC Feeds, Sreepur, Gzipur 14 Poulry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw

1 2 CP Feeds , H emyepu r, s hv r, Dhk 1 0 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw

13 xcel feed, trishl, Mymeshigh 5 Poulry, Fifish

1 4 Fk ir h Feed mil ls l d ., fk ir h , Bgerh 3 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw

15Jmu Feeds ld., Pdmbil, Bshudi,Jessore

5 Poulry, Fifish

16 Jyso agreove (Jssofeed), vbipur,Memberbri, Gzipur

10 P oul r y, Fi fis h

1 7 Jes sore Feed d ., Bshu d i , J es sore 1 3 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw

18 Kzi Feeds, dudkdi, Comill 40 Poulry, Fifish

19 io Feeds, Chd, Gzipur 20 Poulry, Fifish

20 ucky Feeds, Klikoir,Gzipur 5 Poulry, Fifish

21M.M ag Feeds, Bizid Bosmi od,Chigog

10 P oul r y, Fi fis h

22Specr Hex Feed Mills d., Puri,Mikgo

7 Pou lry, Fifi sh & Shrimp/prw

17 Mo o Fe ed s, Ch lk p r , M w , G zip ur 5 P oul r y, Fi fis h

9 niol Feeds, memberbri, Gzipur 13 Poulry, Fifish

27 new hope Feeds, sreepur, Gzipur 30 Poulry, Fifish

12 nir ibil i Feeds d. , BISIC C/a, Coxs Bzr 10 Pou lry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw

4 0 nor h Khu l F is h Feeds , Koi , Khu l 5 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw ( ?)

16nourish Feeds, Hobirbri, Vluk,Mymesigh

50 P oul r y, Fi f is h

8 P r go f eed s, Vb ip ur, G z ip ur 15 P oul r y, F if is h & S hr im p/ pr w

36 Poch Feeds, Blikdi, Kishoregoj 8 Poulry, Fifish

11 P ro vi F eed s, S hi k u du , C hi g og 10 P oul r y, F if is h

14 Q ul i y F ee ds , B ghe r B z r, G zip ur 5 P oul r y, Fi f is h & Shr im p/ pr w

13 Quliy feeds, Bo gr Ui, Bogr 5 Poulry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw

33Sudi Bgl Fish Feeds, Vluk,Mymesigh

15 Poulry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw

4 S GS Feed s, Mh e dr n g r, lm o irh 5 P oul r y, Fi f is h

3 Shh am Feed, Bogr 5 Poulry, Fifish

37 S hu sh m fee ds , C hurk hi, Mym esi g h 10 P oul r y, Fi f is h

22 SMS Feeds, Sreepur, Gzipur 3 Poulry, Fifish

32 S u y F ee ds , V luk , M ym es ig h 10 P oul r y, F if is h & S hr im p/ pr w

29 Supreme Feeds, Kshimpur, Gzipur 9 Poulry, Fifish

31 tmim gro Feeds, Bogr 5 Poulry, Fifish

20 teer Feed, upgj, nrygoj 10 Poulry, Fifish

38 U i ed F eed , M eg h Gh , nr y g o j 10 P oul r y, F if is h

6 Ush Feed, Shvr, Dhk 15 Poulry, Fifish &Shrimp/prw


FEATURE

productionofrice;wheatandothermother/

originalfeedproduces.Primarydatawerecol-

lectedthroughdirectinterviewswhilesecond-

arydatawerecollectedfromdifferentissues

ofBangladeshBureauof Statistics(BBS) and

unpublishedbutreliabledocumentsofdiffer-

entfeedcompanies.

Feedformulationistheprocessofdesign-

inga mixturethatwillmeetthenutritional

requirement ofthe animalwhile takinginto

account certain practical considerations

(acceptabilityofmixturetotheanimal,ability

ofthe mixturetobepelletedcost, etc).On

thebasisof farmerseconomicconditionin

Bangladesh,feedformulationprocessdivided

intotwo types1) smallscalefeed industry

and2)largescalefeedindustry.

Smallscalefeedindustryalsodividedinto

twotypesthatarehomemadeandonfarm

feed.Poorfarmers whocannot ableto buy

feedfrommarketandmachine,producefeed

byhandinhishomeiscalledhomemadefeed.

Very cheap andlocally availabletwo to

fouringredientsinmarketareusedforformu-

lationof homemade feed.The formulation

processisveryeasy.

Home made feed hasa long historyof

feedformulationinBangladesh.Thisfeednot

needtotransferanywhere,itdistributedinto

thepondassoonaspossiblebyfarmers.On

table 2: me of Brnd feed by formulted feed industry

S/ me of Industry Brnd me

aCI Fee ds, Vd r Gh t, Sh ir j go nj a CI Fee d

B ismi ll h feed, Fki rht , Khul n ) its , b ) Modhumot i & c ) bl k

CP Feeds, Hemyetpur, shvr, Dhk CP Prwn feed

F k ir h t F eed M ill s td. ) B or k , b) S hp l , c ) n in , d) D i mo nd, e)Boishkhi, f) Doyel & g) oshib

Jessore Feed ) Ush, b) Prgon & c) Chmk

ir ibil i Feeds, BISIC I/a, Coxs Bzr ir ibil i Prwn Feed

orth Khuln Feeds, Koi, Khuln ) bil, b) Pshur, c)K Feed, d) Virb & e)Confidence

Prgon feeds, Vbnipur, Gzipur Prgon Prwn Feed

Qulity Feeds, Bgher Bzr, GzipurQulity feeds, Bogr Unit, Bogr

Qulity: ) Gold, b) Specil & c) Suborn

Sudi Bngl Fish Feeds, Vluk, Mymensingh Sudi Bngl, Sudi Bngl Specil Prwn Feed

Spectr Hex Feeds td., Pturi, Mnikgon Meg Feed

Ush Feed, Shvr, Dhk Ush Feed


FEATURE

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4/6

theotherhand,aquafarmersformulatedfeed

withfewingredientsneartheirfarmingsiteby

knownason-farmfeed.

Inrainyseasonoranyrainydayon-farm

feedcannotproduce. Locallyingredientsare

usedforfeed formulation.Thisfeedmaybe

neededtotransferornot.

Largescalefeedindustryoraquaculture

feedprocessingtechnologyisanewconcept

inBangladesh.

Feedproducedfor commercialpurposes

in the industryare called large-scale feed.

Int hefeedmill,feed producedby largeand

scientificmachineandmaintainhighlystandard

forqualityoffeed.

Generally floatingfeed andsinking feed

formulated byfeedmillsare consideredas

largescalefeedindustry.Floatingfeedformu-

lationisverynewphenomenoninBangladesh.

Bysupplyingfloatingfeedintothefarmerscan

observethefishfeedingandmaybeableto

detectdiseasesorotherproblems.

Other advantages

of the floating feed

includehigher digest-

ibilityduetotheheat

appliedduring manu-

facture, better waterstability and no loss

of pellets in bottom

mud.

Its primarily dis-

advantagesarehigher

costpossible lossof

certainnutrients dur-

ing processing and

increasedbulk.Sinking

feeds produce from

1990 when Saudi-

B an gl a f is h f ee d

industry established

inMymensinghdistrict

whichthefirstisfeed

industryinBangladesh.

After establishingthis

industry it has great

revolutioninaquacul-

turefishfeedsectorin

Bangladesh.

According to the

newspaper, research

report it was found

that there are 100

feedmillsareavailable

inBangladeshthatare

producedaquaculture

feedandpoultryfeed

intogether.

Information of all

thefishfeedindustries

andenterprisesof Jessore,Khulna, Bagerhat,

Satkhira,Narailwas collectedby visitingthe

industries andenterprisesthrough aset of

questionnairesandthatofoutsidetheseareas

were collectedby visitingtheofficeof the

respectiveindustryandfromothersources.

Types of prawn feedon the marketIthasbeenobservedfromthesurveythat

allmostall ofthesefeed industries manu-

facturefeedforpoultry,around27 percent

oftheseindustriesproducefeedforprawn

usingthesamemachineandonlyoneindus-

try(Specta Hexa)useseparate machinefor

prawnfeedpreparation(seeTable1).

Most of the industries produce sinkingtypecompact pelletandcrumble. Onlyone

industry(MegaFeed)producedboth sinking

andfloatingtypes(forfinfish)althoughsinking

pelletsarerequiredforprawnfeeding.

Theproductioncapacityofthefeedindus-

tryvariesfromthreeto40tonnes/hourand

themachineriesusedfor feedmanufacturing

areimported fromChina, Taiwan,Thailand,

GermanyandIndiaandlocallymade.

Inmostofthecasesithasbeenobserved

thatmostoftheindustriesdonotusediffer-

enttoolsfromasinglecountryoforigin.Only

oneprawn/shrimpfeedhasbeenreportedto

importfromIndia(CPFeed).

Theseprawnfeedindustriesuseeithersin-

glebrandnameoftheirproductsordifferent

tradenamesof theirproducts(seeTable2)

dependingontheirmarketstrategy.

However,allthesefeedindustriesinclude

almostsameingredientsintheirmanufactured

feed(seeTable3).

Mostofthesefeedindustriesappointone

ormore dealer(wholesaler)ineach district

fortheirmarketingfromwhichthesubdeal-

ers(retailers)purchasethefeedforthelocal

sale.Ithasalsobeenobservedthatsomefeed

industries(Saudi-Bangla,CP) go forc ontact

farmingthroughtheiragents.

SomefeedindustriesingreaterKhulnause

dealer,subdealer anddirectsalefromthe

millgatefortheirmarketing(viz.Bismillahand

Fakirhatfeedmills).

table 3: ist f differet igrediets used fr prw feed frmulti

Sl.n.

nme f the i g redi e ts ori gi

1 Bider Imprted (Chi, USa thers)

2 De-ftted rice br Imprted (Idi)

3 Deftted sybe mel Imprted (Idi)

4 Fishmel cl/imprted (Idi)

5 i mes t e / Di -c lc iumphsphte

Imprted (Idi)

6 Mize cl/imprted (Idi)

7 M e t d b e me l I mp rt ed (a us trl i , Cr t i,nrwy, Ukrie, Belgium,

etc.)

8 Mustrd il cke cl/imprted (Idi)

9 pe seed mel Imprted (Idi)

10 ice plishig cl

11 Sesme il cke cl

12 Shrk il cl

13 Sybe il clly purchsed14 ble slt cl

15 Whet flur cl

table 4: Prximte cmpsiti f Prw feed

ypes ffeed

Feed sized shpe

Misture ash Prtei Ft

nursery Grulr 11.0% 16% 30% 5%

Strter Crumble 11.0% 16% 17% 5%

Grwer Pellet ,1.8mm

11.0% 17% 25% 4%

Fiisher Pellet,.2mm

11.0% 17% 30% 4%


FEATURE

However,ithasbeenobservedthatsome

ofthe industriesappointtechnicalpersonnel

infisheriesbackgroundastheiremployeewho

givesupportservicetotheprawnfarmersand

dealers.

Ahugenumberoffeeds(morethan35)

wereusedforfishinthestudyareaandthe

farmersfollowednostandarddosestoapply

them. From the overall survey of prawn

feedformulation,itisclearthatintermsof

quantityused,ricebranappearedtobethe

largestfeeditemfollowedbyricepolish,rice

andmusselmeal,soybeanmeal,wheatfloor,

maizeetc.

Ithasalsobeenobservedthatthereare

someenterprisesthatonlymanufacturefeed

locally using hauler machine (22hp, China)

andonlygetthemakingcost.Inthiscase,the

prawnfarmersdirectlybringdifferentingredi-

entstotheenterpriseandmixdifferentfeed

ingredientsin variedratiosprior tomaking

thefeed.However,thecompositionofthese

isnotclear.

Feed qualityMostofthecom-

panyuseone,fiveand

20kgpackfornursery

feed and 25kg pack

for grower and fin-

isherprawnfeed.

Nutritional infor-

mation labeled on

each pack/bagis the

protein,lipid,fiberand

moisturepercentages.

However,insome

cases energylevelof

thefeedisalsomen-

tioned without any

clarification (gross,

digestibleormetaboli-

gible)andnoFCRfor

prawnismentioned.

Y et t he a ct ua l

nutrient content of

the respective feed

to be determined

before drawing any

conclusionisbetteras

personalinterview of

someofthemanufac-

turerrevealst hatthe

nutritionalinformation

labeledonthepackis

on assumption basisratherdetermination.

However,fromthe

labelitwasnotedthat

prawn nursery feed

contains 35-42 per-

cent proteinwhereas

grower and finisher

contain24-28percent

protein.No crumble

unitobservedinmostoftheindustriesrather

theyproducecrumblebybreakingthepellet

followedbysievingthroughadesiredmeshed

sieve.

Hence,itcouldbeassumedthatinsome

cases theproteinlevelofthe nurseryfeed

wouldnotbehigherasitis declared( see

Table4)

Market share of theexisting companies

Prawnfarmingareasaregraduallyincreas-

ingdaybydayastheinvasionofsalinewater

inthe shrimpfarming areasis opposedby

themarginallocalfarmers.Itisassumedthat

approximately50,000haofcoastalandinland

areaisusedforprawnfarming.

Hence,considering212kgprawnpro-

ductionperacrethetotalprawnproduc-

tionismorethan26,000tonnesperyear.

I fwe consider theaverageFCR i s 2.5

thenrightnowtheprawnfeedrequire-

mentismorethan65,482tonnes/year.

table 5: Praw feed producio ad marke share of differe feedidusries

name of he compay Producio/yr (Mt) Marke Share (%)

norh Khula Fish Feed 50 0.076357

Jessore Feed d 200 0.305427

Fakirha Feed Mills d. 500 0.763569

Bismillah Feed Mills 20,000 30.54274

Saudi Bagla Fish Feed d 500 0.763569

Specra Hexa Feeds d. 500 0.763569

Suy Feed d. 5,000 7.635686

Qualiy Feed d. 7,000 10.68996

niribili Feeds d. 3,000 4.581412ma Feed Mill 500 0.763569

CP Feed 1,200 1.832565

her 27,032 41.28081

toal 65,482 100


FEATURE

THE 7THINDONESIASNO.1LIVESTOCK,

FEED, DAIRYANDFISHERIESINDUSTRYSHOW

Directorate General of Livestockand Animal Health, Ministry ofAgriculture, Republic of Indonesia

Hosted by

Official Regional Publication

Supporting Publications

"Food EducationCampaign"

Organised by

PT. NAPINDO MEDIA ASHATAMAJl. KelapaSawit XIV BlokM1No.10, Billy & Moon,PondokKelapa Jakarta13450, IndonesiaTel: (62-21)8644756/85 | Fax: (62-21)8650963E-mail: [email protected]

www.indolivestock.com

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5/6

Althoughbyscientificculturetheproduc-

tioncanbeeasilyincreasedbymanyfoldand

there isa great potentialityof prawnfeed

marketinBangladesh.Differentfeedindustries

produceapproximately38,000tonnesprawn

feedperyear.

Hence,therestoftherequirement(more

than 27,000 tonnes)is metby homemade

feed orfeed ingredients.From a personal

interviewithas alsobeenknown thatsome

prawnfarmersusepoultryfeedasasubstitu-

tionofprawnfeed(seeTable5).

FromthesurveyitwasfoundthatBismillah

FeedMillsoccupiesthe majorshare(>30%)

inprawnfeedmarket(seeTable4)followed

byQualityFeedLtd. Sunny Feed Ltd.and

NiribiliFeedsLtd.(10.69%,7.64%and4.58%respectively).

Price of prawn feed of these leading

companies varied from25-40Tk/kg.It has

been observed thatthe feed marketof

particular industryis not samein greater

Khulnaregion.

As forexample, the prawn farmersof

Fakirhatand Bagerhatareas preferthe feed

ofBismillahfeedmills;Sunnyfeedmillsand

Fakirhatfeedmillsastheothercompanies.On

theotherhand,Khulna,Satkhira,Jessoreand

Narildistrictsfarmersdonothaveparticular

choiceonanyfeedbuthavebeenobserved

touse SpectraHexa,Quality,Saudi-Bangla,

SunnyandNiribilifeedmorefrequentlythan

theothers..

Marketing channelis very importantfor

feedmilloperations.

Thesuccessof feedmil ldependson

propermarketingchannel. Itis thefirst

pr ior i ty of feed mi ll operation. After

establishingan agentand thandistribu-

toror dealerappointment arethe first

steps of feedmi l l before going to the

production;becausethey areimportant

forreachingthe farmers, by taking the

productionoffeedmills.

Identification of hazardsingredients harmful antibioticsand other banned/ harmful

Theuseoffoodadditives,anti-fungaland

moldinhibitorsand antibioticsis acommon

phenomenoninallthefeedindustries.

However, as per their information, no

banneditemisusedinthefeed.

Inmostofthecases,thecompaniesdonot

disclosethecombinationofthefeedingredi-

entsand otheradditivesand medicinesthat

areusedinfeedduetotheirbusinesssecrecy.

Yet the use of Oxi -tetracycl ine and

Flavomycinehasbeen knownfrompersonal

interview.Allcompaniesdenythe usageof

chloramphenicle and nitro furan and their

derivativesandmedicine.However, form the assessment of the

DepartmentofQualityControl,Department

of Fisher ies in 2008, the exi stence of

Chloramphenicleand nitrofuran havebeen

reportedinalmostalloftheprawnfeedin

somecertainbatchofproduction.

Consideringtheinformation ofthe com-

panies, it is assumed that these banned

chemicalscould be incorporatedfrom the

ingredientsthatareusedforfeedformulation

especially forthe imported ingredients viz.

meatand bonemeal andfishmeal asthere

isnoreportoftestingoftheingredientsfor

these prohibitedantibiotics at theport or

quarantine.

Policy ImplicationOnthebasisoftheaboverequirements

andavailability estimates,except ricepolish,

theentirelocalfeeditemsrequiredimportsto

runculturefisheriesinthecountry.Asculture

fisheriescapturemoreandmoreareasunder

itsoperation,itisgoingtobecomeanimport

dependentpracticeifthe feedsituationpre-

vailswithoutanymeasurestoaddressit.

As culture fisheries are an important

sourceofincomeandemployment,theyhave

asignificantlivelihoodimpactontheeconomy

ofBangladesh.

Therefore,properpolicyandothermeasures

aresuggested,tobetakenbyboththegovern-

mentorganisationsandNGOstoimprovethe

localfishfeedsituationofthecountry.

Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS),

Departmentof Fisheries (DoF)and othercon-

cerningorganisationsshouldrecordfeedandother

fisheries related dataregularly.The government

andNGOsshouldcomeforwardtoestablishlocal

feedmillstocatertothefeedrequirementofthe

growingandpromisingfishcultureindustry.

Intensive research programs should be

undertaken immediatelyby bothGOs and

NGOsforqualityinnovation.

Farmersandusersshouldbetrained sothattheycanusethefeedandotherinputs

moreefficiently.Capitalshouldbesuppliedto

thefarmerswhosufferfromalackofsufficient

capitalto useor purchasefeedsfrom the

marketinatimelyfashion.

A monitoringsystem shouldbe devel-

opedtochecktheadulterationoffishfeed

in thecountry.A subsidy/duty reduction

package can be launched for imported

feedingredientssothatsupplementaryfish

culturecanbesustainedwithlowercostsof

production.

About the authors

byAyazHasanChisty1,PrabalBarua2*

andJewelDas3

1FisheriesandMarineResourceTechnology

Discipline,KhulnaUniversity,Khulna,

Bangladesh

2FisheriesandAquacultureDivision,

DepartmentofZoology,Universityof

Calcutta,Kolkata-700019,WestBengal,India

3BusinessDevelopmentProgram(Prawn),

WinrockInternational,Dhaka


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V olume 15 Is sue 2 2012

the internationalmagazine for the aquaculture feed industry

Filtrationinrecirculation

particle control

FishProtein Hydrolysates FPH enhanceresistance ofaquacultures pecies to

different types ofstress

The quest tokeep Salmon

inthe pink naturally

Aquaculture development inSub-SaharanAfrica

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