EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON EXTERNALLY BONDED RCC … · 1 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON EXTERNALLY BONDED RCC BEAMS USING METAL WIRE MESH M.MOUNICA#1, R.S.GANDHIMATHI#2, S.SARANYA#3

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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON EXTERNALLY BONDED

RCC BEAMS USING METAL WIRE MESH

M.MOUNICA#1, R.S.GANDHIMATHI#2, S.SARANYA#3

1 MOUNICA.M, PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Salem

2 R.S.GANDHIMATHI , Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, , Annapoorna College of Technology ,

Salem.

3 S.SARANYA , Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, , Sona College of Technology , Salem.

ABSTRACT

This paper deals with the strengthening and retrofitting of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with externally bonded metal wire

mesh. Its objective is to update the existing data base related to the strengthening of RCC beams with metal wire mesh. The different

parameters that affect the shear strength of reinforced concrete beams and capture better interaction among various influencing

parameters were investigated .About three set of beams were casted, the interactions among the parameters related to the type and

properties of the metal wire mesh, fibre orientation as well as the strengthening technique, the shear and the longitudinal steel

reinforcement ratios, the shear span ratio, and the geometry of the member that influence the shear behaviour of these members are

investigated. As a result the experimental investigation of RCC Beams is coorelated with analytical investigation to identify the crack

pattern, load deflection characteristics, failure pattern, flexural strength respectively. The influence of metal wire mesh on RCC beams

is also studied.

Keywords: Crack pattern, Flexure strength, Metal Wire Mesh, Strengthening, Retrofitting.

I. INTRODUCTION

Strengthening is mainly done for strengthen a structure which is structurally unsafe, deficient in strength lack of

serviceability., etc leading to distress, damages in structures. Retrofitting is a process done for damaged structures which can

be carried out instead of demolishing the whole structures. It reduces the power of men, material and money.

II. PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

The properties of materials used in this investigation is tabulated as follows:

Table 1 properties of materials

MATERIALS SPECIFICATION

Cement OPC 53 GRADE

Fine aggregate NATURAL SAND

Coarse aggregate 20mm size aggregate

III. TESTING OF METAL WIRE MESH

The testing of metal wire mesh is given as follows:

JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations

Volume VI, Issue IV, April/2019

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Fig. 1 Grip support for inserting the metal wire mesh SUPPORT FOR

Fig.2 Mesh inserted in between the grip support for testing

The Properties of metal wire mesh obtained from testing is tabulated as follows:

Table 2 properties of metal wire mesh

PROPERTIES VALUES OF WIRE MESH MATERIAL

Density 8.0 g/cm3

Poisson ratio 0.3

Tensile strength 620.5 Mpa

Yield strength 275.8 Mpa

Modulus of rigidity 70.3 Mpa

Modulus of elasticity 187.5 Mpa

IV. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

• In this experimental investigation, 3 beams are to be casted out of these 3 beams, one beam for strengthening

process and other 2 beams for retrofitting process.

DESIGN OF BEAM

The mix grade used for beam is M30

Size of beam : 1000x 150x 150mm

Type of beam : singly reinforced beam

Type of support : simply supported

Type of load : two point load

A. Testing of conventional beam

The casted beam is then tested for its flexural strength in universal testing machine by giving two point load.



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Fig.3 Conventional beam

Fig.4 Conventional beam under two point loading in universal testing machine

Table 3 Load Vs Deflection for conventional beam

Load(KN) Deflection(mm)

5 0.02

10 0.30

15 0.55

20 0.70

25 0.85

30 1.20

35 1.50

40 1.97

45 2.83

50 3.83

55 4.12

60 4.33

65 4.56

70 5.30

75 5.50

80 6.12

85 6.33

Load(KN)

Deflection(mm)

Graph 1 for Load Deflection curve for Conventional Beam

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 20 40 60 80 100

Load Deflection curve for conventional beam



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B. Strengthening process

o In this process, concrete mix is made using proportionate volume of cement, sand, aggregate and mould is

cleaned and oil is applied inside the beam mould ,then the metal wire mesh is cut according to the size of

beam and packed tightly around the inner surface of beam mould.

o After 24 hours the specimen is demoulded and dropped into the curing tank for water curing for the period

of 7 days.

o Then the process is followed by pouring of concrete mix inside the beam which is filled upto the top surface

of mould and this setup is kept as such for 24 hours .

o Then after 7 days of curing the specimen is allowed to dry and its flexure strength is tested using universal

testing machine.

o Finally, the flexural strength is obtained.

o Therefore the value obtained by conventional and mesh wrapped beam

o is compared and higher strength is taken and choosen as the strength of the beam.

Application of mesh into the mould

Casting of beam strengthen with metal wire mesh

Beam strengthen with metal wire mesh

Flexure crack under two point loading

Fig.5 Strengthening Process



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Table 4 Load Vs Deflection for beam strengthen with metal wire mesh

Load(KN)

Deflection (mm)

Graph 2 Load deflection curve for beam strengthen with metal wire mesh

Load(KN) Deflection(mm)

5 0.01

10 0.01

15 0.02

20 0.45

25 0.70

30 0.93

35 1.04

40 1.27

45 1.45

50 1.58

55 1.75

60 1.83

65 1.98

70 2.02

75 2.32

80 2.48

85 2.69

90 2.90

95 3.14

100 3.30

105 3.54

110 3.82

115 4.16

120 4.60

125 4.95

130 5.80

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

load deflection curve for beam strengthen with metal wire mesh



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C. RETROFITTING PROCESS

. In this process, concrete mix is made using proportionate volume of cement, sand, aggregate and mould is cleaned

and oil is applied inside the Beam mould, the conventional beam which is cast is left in curing for a period of 7 days is taken

and allowed to dry and it is tested for its strength ,then it is wrapped with metal wire mesh which is collectively called as

wrapping technique.

Then it is followed by testing of mesh wrapped cylinder for its strength and therefore strength obtained by mesh

wrapped during casting and mesh wrapped after 7 days of curing of beam is compared.

In this wrapping technique, the cylinder kept in curing tank is taken out and allowed to dry for few hours. Then,

crack is made by appliance of load and after this the crack is sealed with epoxies which heals the crack formed.

Then it is followed by appliance of solution consisting of base and hardener which is mixed in correct proportion

and it is made like a glue.

This glue is then applied to the beam immediately after the appliance of glue the metal wire mesh is wrapped over

the surface of beam .

This setup is kept as such for 24 hours, after the completion of 24 hours the specimen is tested for its strength. This

process of adding fibres after failure of specimen is therefore as retrofitting.

Fig 6 Raw materials used for retrofitting

Conventional beam

Formation of crack after the appliance of load



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Crack sealed with crack healing agent

Fig.7 Retrofitting Process

Table 4 Load Vs Deflection for beam retrofitted with metal wire mesh

Load(KN) Deflection (mm)

5 0.04

10 0.40

15 0.85

20 0.98

25 1.05

30 1.15

35 1.36

40 1.97

45 2.45

50 3.57

55 4.12

60 4.75

65 5.75

70 6.02

75 6.07

80 6.21

85 6.45

Load(KN)

Deflection (mm))

Graph 3 for beam retrofitted with metal wire mesh

V. ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATION

A. INTRODUCTION

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Load Deflection curve for beam retrofitted with metal wire mesh



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Analytical investigation was done using ABAQUS. Abaqus offers a wide range of capabilities for simulation of

linear and nonlinear applications. Problems with multiple components are modelled by associating the geometry defining

each component with the appropriate material models and specifying component interactions.

B. ANALYSING PROCEDURE

1)MODELLING OF BEAM

By using the Part module to create each of the parts to analyse. By creating parts that are native to

ABAQUS/CAE, import parts created by other applications either as a geometric representation or as a finite element mesh.

starting the simply supported beam creating a three−dimensional, deformable solid body which is done by sketching the

two−dimensional profile of the beam (a rectangle) and extruding it.

Fig.8 Model of Beam

2)MESHING OF BEAM

The model has to be meshed with size of 50mm as hyber-quertz. As a result of meshing the beam

will be as shown in the figure 9

Fig.9 Meshing of Beams

3)CERATION OF PART SEGMENT

The segments are provided at 100mm from both ends of beams for supports, simultaneously 600mm from the ends

for loading as shown in the figure.10



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Fig 10 Segmentation of beam

4)BOUNDRY CONDITIONS

Both end segments are simply supported as shown in figure 11, one segmental end was restrained to

move in all directions and rotation along the member. All other lateral rotations are unrestrained. Another segmental

end was restrained to move lateral directions and rotation along the axis but unrestrained remaining displacement

and rotations.

Fig 11 Boundary Conditions

ANALYSING OF BEAM

The model was analysed by ABAQUS and the software analyses the beam by Von-Mises Theory. The stress

distribution were observed as shown in the figure 12



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Fig.12 Stress Distribution in Control Beam

Fig.13 Stress Distribution in Retrofitted Beam with Metal Wire Mesh

C. COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULT WITH FEM ANALYSIS



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By comparing both theoretical and analytical process, it is found that the value i.e load, deflection and strength

characteristics obtained theoretically coincides with the value obtained by analytical process.



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VI. TEST RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

COMPARSION OF RESULTS

TABLE 5 Strength Comparison in Beams

SAMPLES FLEXURAL STRENGTH(N/mm2)

Conventional beam 22.22

Beam strengthen with metal wire mesh 38.51

Beam retrofitted with metal wire mesh 19.25

Flexural

strength

(N/mm2)

Samples

Graph 4 Strength Comparison in Beams

22.22

38.51

19.25

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Conventional beam Beam strengthen with

metal wire mesh

Beam retrofitted with

metal wire mesh

STRENGTH COMPARSION IN BEAMS



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Results for comparison of experimental and fem analysis for beam retrofitted with metal wire mesh

Fig.14 results of comparison of experimental and fem analysis for beam retrofitted with metal wire mesh

VII. CONCLUSION

Therefore it is concluded that during my first phase of the project,

▪ Literature survey in strengthening and retrofitting is carried out.

▪ Test on materials used in this investigation is conducted.

▪ The effect of strengthening and retrofitting on metal wire mesh is studied.

• After strengthening using metal wire mesh,

In beams, the flexural strength of beams is increased upto 1.75 times

the flexural strength of conventional beam whereas the beam retrofitted with

metal wire mesh has shown an increase upto 1.70 times the flexural strength

of conventional beam.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This project was supported by the institution, department, guide and faculty members who has helped me in

providing the equipment and materials needed for the project. Their generous support of the is gratefully

acknowledged.



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REFERENCES

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[2] Murali G. & Pannirselvam N. (2007) ), ‘Flexural Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Fibre Reinforced

Polymer Laminate: A Review, APRN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences., Vol. 6, NO 11.,pp. 41-47.

[3] Prakash Mondal & Dilip Kumar Simgha Roy (2006), ‘Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beam Using Steel Fibre At

Different Depth of the Beam’. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology., Vol 4,Issue:2015.,pp 165-

175.

[4] Samer Barakat, Salah Altoubat, Eman AL Burai( 2005) ), ‘Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams with

Externally bonded Fibre- Reinforced Polymer:Updated Data Base’. International Journal of Theoretical and Applied

Mechanics Vol 1.,pp 142-148.

[5] Ratan Kharatmol , Pankaj Sananse, Rohit Tambe, Ms.Rakshsa , J. Khare(2004) , ‘Strengthening of Beams Using Carbon

Fibre Reinfoerced Polymer’., International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology, Vol,2,Issue 3,pp

119-125.

[6]Poorna Prasad Rao.O.L & Rama Mohan Rao.P (2011), ‘Retrofitting Of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Rubberized

Coir Fibre Sheets’. SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 3, Issue:3.,pp 20-28.

[7]Sandeep Kumar .L.S , Dr.H.N. Jagannatha Reddy, Rumina Nizar (2010) ), ‘Retrofitting of RC beams using Natural FRP

Wrapping’.,International Journal of Emerging trends in Engineering and Development,Vol 5, Issue: 3.,pp 168-178.

[8] A.M.Shanmuganathan, P.Raja & et al (2009) , ‘Retrofitting of RCC beams using glass fibre sheet and Jute fibre sheet’,

International Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 3,Issue:3.,pp1983-1991.

[9]K.R. Yoganathan & Dr.N.Mahendran (2007), ‘Retrofitting Of Geopolymer Beam Using Carbon Fibre Mat’, International

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[10]Yasuhiro MATSUZAKI, Katsuhiko NAKANO & et al (2005) , ‘Seismic Retrofit Using Continuous

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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON EXTERNALLY BONDED RCC … · 1 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON EXTERNALLY BONDED RCC BEAMS USING METAL WIRE MESH M.MOUNICA#1, R.S.GANDHIMATHI#2, S.SARANYA#3