Experimental Investigation and Model Validation on the
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1 Experimental Investigation and Model Validation on the Effects of Impurities on CO 2 Separation using a Bench-scale High Pressure CO 2 Test Cell Kourosh E. Zanganeh, Carlos Salvador, and Ahmed Shafeen Zero Emission Technologies (ZET) Group Clean Electric Power Generation CanmetENERGY, Natural Resources Canada 2 nd International Oxy-Combustion Conference (Yeppoon, Aistralia 12-16 September 2011)
Experimental Investigation and Model Validation on the
Activity 8 5 min July 18 20111
Experimental Investigation and Model Validation on the Effects of
Impurities on CO2 Separation using a Bench-scale High
Pressure CO2 Test Cell
Zero Emission Technologies (ZET) Group Clean Electric Power
Generation
CanmetENERGY, Natural Resources Canada
Outline
Capture and Compression Unit (CO2CCU). CanmetENERGY’s CO2 Capture
and Compression
Unit (CO2CCU). CanmetENERGY’s high pressure CO2 bench-scale
test facility Preliminary test results from the high pressure
CO2
bench-scale test facility Concluding remarks.
3
/Bitumen/Syngas
Air-Combustion
Combustion
Oxy-Combustion
Transportation Fuels, Cement, Steel, etc.
CO2 Removal
Power & Heat
Pre-combustion Capture
Oxy-fuel Combustion
CO2 Removal
CO2 Removal
/Bitumen/Syngas
Air-Combustion
Combustion
Oxy-Combustion
Transportation Fuels, Cement, Steel, etc.
CO2 Removal
Power & Heat
Pre-combustion Capture
Oxy-fuel Combustion
CO2 Removal
CO2 Removal
5 - 15% CO2
*
*H. Li, Thermodynamic Properties of CO2 Mixtures and Their
Applications in Advanced Power Cycles with CO2 Capture Processes,
Doctorial Thesis, KTH, 2008.
An understanding of gas stream impurities underlies the
compression, purification, transportation, and storage of CO2 and
is key to effectively design, implement and operate CCS
systems.
Motivation
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Background
There is a great deal of information on pure CO2 and a reasonable
degree of knowledge on CO2 mixtures of water, hydrocarbons, and H2S
owing to interest from the natural gas processing industry.
By contrast there is relatively little information about CO2
mixtures containing O2, Ar, N2, and SO2, which are relevant to CCS
processes.
Whatever data on CO2 mixtures that does exist in the open
literature is outside the pressure and temperature ranges of
interest for CCS systems.
Moreover, data for multi-gas CO2 mixtures is very scarce. EQS for
CO2 mixtures of interest to CCS chain need to be revisited.
http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/technologies/harvestingmars.html
5
*
*H. Li, Thermodynamic Properties of CO2 Mixtures and Their
Applications in Advanced Power Cycles with CO2 Capture Processes,
Doctorial Thesis, KTH, 2008.
Experimental Data For Binary Mixtures of CO2
Background cont’d
Background cont’d – Why is this important?
*J. Race, M. Downie, P.M. Seevam (Newcastle University), UKCCSC,
Annual Seminar, University of Newcastle, 17th September 2007
*CO2 Phase Diagram
The presence of impurities in CO2 mixtures can have a strong impact
on the overall CCS chain, depending on the impurities present and
their concentration.
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CanmetENERGY’s Integrated Oxy-fuel and CO2 Capture and Compression
Unit (CO2CCU)
0.3 MWth Oxy-fuel Vertical Combustor Research Facility (VCRF);
operational since 1994.
Synthetic Flue
Gas System
*Reference: http://www.acpco2.com
CO2CCU is operating based on CanmetENERGY’s proprietary low-
temperature auto-refrigeration physical separation process.
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VV I
Operational Limits:
Supercritical fluid studies
High degree of thermal stability
Gas and liquid phase sampling
Extendable to other CO2 related areas; e.g. CO2 hydrates, material
studies, etc.
Cold Box Thermal Stability
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CO2 29.8 T [oC] -21.30
Species Exp. HYSYS Ar 3.04 4.08 O2 7.74 8.43 N2 16.38 17.07
CO2 66.89 70.4
P [bar] 14.8 T [oC] -44.9
Species Exp. HYSYS Ar 3.22 8.54 O2 9.27 12.39 N2 19.53 19.34
CO2 58.22 59.73
P [bar] 30.8 T [oC] -43.6
Species Exp. HYSYS Ar 5.14 13.27 O2 15.07 19.89 N2 31.14
31.76
CO2 34.34 35.08
P [bar] 50 T [oC] -41
Species Exp. HYSYS Ar 5.66 14.12 O2 15.66 21.83 N2 34.87
35.73
CO2 29.63 28.32
P [bar] 60 T [oC] -40
Species Exp. HYSYS Ar 5.66 14.15 O2 16.61 22.2 N2 36.82 36.81
CO2 26.76 26.84
P [bar] 67 T [oC] -40
Species Exp. HYSYS Ar 4.99 14.16 O2 14.78 22.47 N2 30.86
37.61
CO2 27.18 25.77
Species Gas No 1 Gas No 2 Ar 3.85 7.15 O2 7.93 10.34 N2 16.04
16.1
CO2 72.18 66.42
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G2 – V2
G1 – V1
G2 – V3
G2 – V4
G2 – V5
Closing Remarks
Initial round of testing has identified some challenges with
measurement of CO2 mixture parameters in the CO2 pressure
cell.
The test results obtained are consistent with the expect behavior
of CO2 mixtures and confirm the view that flue gas impurities can
have a dramatic effect on estimating the properties of CO2
mixtures.
In spite of initial challenges, the preliminary results are
encouraging: generally good agreement between CO2 and N2 data and
HYSYS modeling results. However, Ar and O2 measurements were
consistently lower than predicted values.
Future work will attempt to expand the experimental database for a
wide range of CO2 mixtures and evaluate the suitability of various
equations of state for these mixtures.
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Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the PERD (Program of
Energy Research and Development) and the Clean Energy Fund. The
authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by these
programs.
Questions
Experimental Investigation and Model Validation on the Effects of
Impurities on CO2 Separation using a Bench-scale High Pressure CO2
Test Cell
Outline
Motivation
Background
Background cont’d – Why is this important?
CanmetENERGY’s Integrated Oxy-fuel and CO2 Capture and Compression
Unit (CO2CCU)
CO2 Capture and Compression Unit
CO2CCU Simplified Process Flow Diagram
CanmetENERGY’s High Pressure CO2 Bench-scale Test Facility
Cold Box Thermal Stability
Preliminary Test Results