Evolution of Eukaryotes

Invertebrates

• Lacking a backbone

• Examples– Jellyfish– Sponges– Crabs

DIVIDING LINEInvertebrates to Vertebrates

No Backbone to BackboneIncreased specialization and movement of

organisms begins

Fish

• Scales• Gills—Breath Underwater• Soft eggs– 1 exception - Sharks

• Aquatic Life• 2 Chambered Heart

Amphibians

• Skin• Gills/Lungs• Soft Eggs• 2 Chambered Heart• Appendages

Reptiles

• Scales, protection (dessication)• Lungs• Hard eggs• Appendages or Loss of Appendages• 3 Chambered Heart* Crocodiles

Dinosaurs• Scales• Lungs• Hard eggs• Terrestrial + Aquatic• Birds Descended• Appendages

Birds

• Feathers– Modified scales

• Lungs• Hard eggs• Live on land• Flight• Hollow Bones• 4 Chambered Heart• Homeothermic

Mammals

• Hair/Fur• Lungs• Hard eggs/Live birth• Mammary Glands• Four Chambered Heart• Homeothermic

Primates

• Skin/hair• Lungs• Live birth• Terrestrial/Trees• Tactile Fingers/Toes• Opposable Thumbs*• Intelligence• 4 Chambered Heart• Homeothermic

Humans

• Hair• Lungs• Live birth• Terrestrial• Higher Intelligence• Opposable Thumb• 4 Chambered Heart• Homeothermic• Bipedalism