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Hydrozoan Life Cycle
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Hydra
Freshwater hydrozoanthat lacks a medusastage.
Asexually reproducesby budding from theside of polyp. Sexualreproduction occurs in
polyp stage.
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HydraAnatomy
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Brown Hyd ra Budding
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Brown Hyd ra eating
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Hyd ra Capturing Daphn i a
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Order Siphonophora Large colonies of specialized polypoid and medusoid
individuals. Various medusoid individuals form swim bell, sac floats,defensive structures, etc.
Many represent a bridge between colonial animals andcomplex organisms
Exist as colonies Within colonies are special polyps adapted to feeding,
reproduction, movement, and other functions Major predators with some consuming significant quantities
of krill
Example: Portuguese man-of-war
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Physaliaphysalis ,Portuguese man
of war(a Hydrozoan),
NOT a true
jellyfish
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Man of war: colonyof specialized medusoidand polypoid organisms;
efficient predator of krill.
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Class Scyphozoa: True Jellyfish
Fried egg jelly
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Class Scyphozoa
All marine, mostly harmless, true jellyfish Characteristics:
1. Dominant stage is medusa form.
2. Mesoglea is thicker with some amoeboidcells.
3. Incomplete digestive tract with four
branches.4. Cnidocytes in gastrodermis and epidermis.
5. Gametes are gastrodermal in origin.
Ex.Aurelia, Mastigias(Stinging nettle)
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Class Scyphozoa Range in size from smaller than
a coin to more than a meteracross with tentacles more than3 m long
Most are large planktonicorganisms that swim but alsodrift with the current
Weak swimmers, move bycontracting their rounded body,or bell
Feed on almost anything theycatch Dangerous species helmet
shaped bells, with long tentacles
and fleshy lobes from oralsurface.
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Scyphozoan Life Cycle
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Ecological Role of Scyphozoans Efficient predators of plankton, crustraceans,
fish, etc. Prey for leatherback turtle and several
species of large fishpredators move
seasonally with jellies. Plastic bags, balloons, and small trash oftenare mistaken by turtles as jellies and canharm them by obstructing their digestivetracts.
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True Jellyfish
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Red-eyed medusa
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Jellyfish at TCI
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True Jellyfish
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Jellyfish
Lions mane
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Jellyfish
Purple lions mane
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Jellyfish that break the rules Upside Down Jellyfish
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Couldjellyfish
ever be aproblem?
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Giant Jelly off Coast of Japan
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When Jellyfish are a Problem!
http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id=9226474
http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id=9226474http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id=9226474http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id=92264747/29/2019 2 Jellyfish
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Cyan ea cap i l la ta 7 ft. bell, 120 fttentacles; one of the largest
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Jellyfish Humor
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Class Cubozoa
Medusa is cuboidal,tentacles hang fromeach corner.
Polyps are very smallActive swimmers and
feeders in warm
tropical waters. Ex. Sea wasp, boxjellies.
Irukandji or Caruk i a ba rnes i
http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0S020xxr01MKVoAawajzbkF/SIG=1298beu46/EXP=1280246001/**http:/www.flickr.com/photos/13771169@N05/1413084061/7/29/2019 2 Jellyfish
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Class Cubozoa: Box Jellyfish
Irukandji or Caruk i a ba rnes i
Ch i ronex f l ecke r i
Chi fl k i
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Chironex fleckerithe sea wasp
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Portuguese Man o War vs. Box Jelly fish
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Class Anthozoa
All marine, colonial (corals) or solitary (seaanemones) Characteristics
1. Lack a medusa stage.
2. Cnidocytes have no cnidocils (triggers).
3. Mouth leads to a pharynx and then to theGVC.
4. GVC is divided by mesentaries that bearcnidocytes and gonads.
5. Mesoglea have amoeboid cells
Ex Corals and sea anemones