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European Policy in relation to

Industrial (NH3) Emissions And National Emission Ceilings

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a) Goal: Prevent or reduce as far as possible pollution arising

from industrial activities.

b) Permit is required for operating an installation

c) Permit conditions :

- based on Best Available Techniques (BAT) set out in BAT conclusions of

BAT Reference documents (BREFs) – to be implemented in permits within

4 years of publication in the Official Journal

- include Emission Limit Values for all relevant pollutants

d) BREFs drawn up/reviewed via fact based information

exchange process between MS, industry and NGOs and lead

by Cion's European IPPC Bureau 2

Industrial Emissions Dir.- Essentials

BREF for Intensive Rearing of Poultry & Pigs (IRPP BREF – adopted on 3-11-2016)

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Scope: Installations with:

• more than 40 000 places for poultry; or

• more than 2 000 places for production pigs;

• more than 750 places for sows.

Not covered

- Rearing of poultry and pigs on smaller scale

- Rearing of cattle

BAT conclusions on: (1/2)

A total of 34 BATc covering the following

environmental issues from on-farm processes &

activities:

Ammonia emissions to air from animal housing

Emissions from solid manure and slurry storage

Manure processing and manure landspreading

Nutritional management

Emissions from the whole production process

Emissions of noise, dust and odour 4

Environmental management systems and good

housekeeping

Efficient use of water and energy

Waste water

Monitoring (N/P excretion, ammonia, dust, odour

and process parameters)

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BAT conclusions on: (2/2)

1. The 2003 BATC do not contain any BAT-AEL for emissions to air. The revised BATC set 7

new BAT-AELs for ammonia emissions to air from animal housing (6 animal categories of

pigs or poultry).

2. New BAT conclusions for IRPP under the IED contain stronger provisions on monitoring

emissions when compared to BATc for IRPP under the IPPC

3. The old BATC had no specific BAT on odour, dust and noise emissions. These are key

environmental issues for the IRPP sector, in addition to ammonia emissions, that are now

better addressed in the revised BATC through new dedicated BAT conclusions.

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Differences old BREFs and new BAT conclusions

4. The techniques related to air cleaning systems in the animal housing are inexistent in the

2003 BATC; techniques for manure processing, manure landspreading and storage have

been updated.

5. The 2003 BATC do not contain any performance level for animal excretion, but N and P

levels in the feed. The revised BATC add 13 new BAT-AEPLs for N and P excreted for

different animal categories of pigs or poultry. Excretion is a more appropriate parameter

from the environmental point of view, as it takes into account the animal performance

(feed conversion ratio). The reduction of N excretion will bring a consequential reduction of

ammonia emissions from animal housing, manure storage and manure landspreading.

Additionally, the reduction of N and P excretion will improve the implementation of the

Nitrates Directive and the Water Framework Directive.

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Differences old BREFs and new BAT conclusions

The National Emission Ceilings Directive

Past and present air emissions in the EU

Source: EEA

Reductions 1990-2012: SOx: 84% NMVOC: 60% NOx: 51% PM (TSP): 55% NH3: 28% …

… also allowing to demonstrate decoupling of growth and pollution is possible

Air quality today in the EU significant remaining challenges to resolve

Source: EEA

PM NO2 • Health & Environment Impacts

- > 400.000 premature deaths each year (10 times the amount of people dying prematurely in traffic)

- > 30% EU citizens exposed to air pollutant

levels above EU standards

- > 90% EU citizens exposed to air pollutant

levels above WHO guidelines

• Socio-Economic Impacts

- External costs: €300-900 billion

- 436 million restricted activity days (incl. 121 million lost workdays)

- Direct economic costs: €23 billion (€15bn lost workdays, €4bn healthcare costs, €3bn crop yield loss

and €1bn damage to buildings).

What will the NEC proposal bring?

2020 2030

SO2 -59% -79%

NOx -42% -63%

VOC -28% -40%

NH3 -6% -19%

PM2.5 -22% -49%

National Emission Ceiling Directive – final deal

• Implementation cost €2.2 billion per

year

• Split 40% domestic sector, 37%

industrial sector, 23% agriculture

Reduction commitments

Factor > 20

*Original COM proposal – currently being updated

Costs and benefits*

• Indirect economic benefits:

€44-140 billion per year

• Direct economic benefits:

€3 billion per year

Health impact reduction reduced by almost 50% by 2030

compared with 2005

Ecosystem benefits*

• 35% less eutrophication

• 85% less acidification.

Scott BROCKETT

ENV-IED@ec.europa.eu

DG Environment

Directorate C - Quality of Life

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Thank you for your attention