European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 1 EU Conference on Substitution

Slide 1

European Commission, DG Environment

Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil

EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002

EU Conference on Substitution of

Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes

The Substitution Approach

in Other Policy Areas

Joachim D’Eugenio

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Other policy areas

Water policy, the Water Framework

Directive

Industrial pollution, the IPPC Directive

Others such as workers protection

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Water policy

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The new Directive

Water Framework Directive

European Parliament and Council Directive 2000/60/EC

of 23 Oct. 2000 establishing a framework for Community action

in the field of water policy

Priority Substances Decision

European Parliament and Council Decision No. 2455/2001/EC

of 20 November 2001 establishing the list of priority substances

in the field of water policy

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Concept

urban waste water

nitrates IPPC &otherindustrydischarges

chemicals

pesticides

biocides

landfills

sewagesludge

drinking water

bathing water

Measures under

Water Framework Directive

Coordination of all other measures

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Provisions with regards to

hazardous substances (in surface waters)

Strategies against pollution

On Community level:

specific measures for priority (hazardous) substances

On Member State level:

pollution control for point and diffuse sources of other

pollutants on the basis of the “combined approach”

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Specific measures for priority hazardous substances:

cessation of discharges, emissions and losses within 20 years

Level of measures

Specific measures for priority substances:

progressive reduction of discharges, emissions and losses

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Priority setting

C

Ombined

Monitoring-based and

Modelling-based

Priority

Setting

Method for the selection of priority substances

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COMMPS method

Relative Risk

=

Exposure

x

Effects

“Top 30” selected according to their risk to or

via the aquatic environment

Concentrations from

data of monitoring

or modelling

eco-toxicity,

bioaccumulation

and human health

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658 candidate substances

750 000 aquatic monitoring data

69 000 sediment monitoring data

monitoring data for 330 substances

data from all Member States and EUREAU

modelling data for 318 substances (IUCLID

database of the European Chemicals Bureau)

COMMPS procedure (data)

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Commission proposals within in 2003 for

emission controls and quality standards

Next steps

surface waters,

sediments or

biota

principle sources

cost-effective and

proportionate level and

combination

product controls and

emission limit values

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Substitution in water policy

Priority hazardous substances should be substituted ass soon as possible

Substitution approach for future emission controls

Additional tools for comparative assessment of impacts to water (e.g. priority setting, COMMPS)

synergies with chemical policy

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Industrial Pollution

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IPPC Directive (96/61/EC)

The IPPC Directive* covers

1. Prevention of pollution caused by production

– selection of raw and auxiliary materials

– cleaner production processes

2. Control of pollution caused by production

– end-of-pipe abatement techniques

It does not cover

- Pollution caused by products

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Energy industries

Production and processing of metals

Mineral industry

Chemical industry

Waste management

Other activities, e.g.

Production of pulp and paper

Pre-treatment of textiles

Printing, coating, degreasing, waterproofing etc.

Annex I: CATEGORIES OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES

IPPC Activities

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BEST means “most effective in achieving a high general level of protection of the environment as a whole”

AVAILABLE means “developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under economically and technically viable conditions, taking into consideration the costs and advantages”

TECHNIQUES include “both the technology used and the way in which the installation is designed, built, maintained, operated and decommissioned”

Definitions in the IPPC Directive:

Best Available Techniques

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Annex IV

Considerations to be taken into account generally or in specific cases when determining BAT, bearing in mind the likely costs and benefits of a measure and the principles of precaution and prevention:…

2. the use of less hazardous substances...

Substitution and BAT

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required by Directive

purpose to support permitting authorities

published BAT Reference Documents (BREFs) for

each sector

BREFs should be taken into account by the

permitting authorities

BAT Information Exchange

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Iron and steel production

Cement and lime production

Non ferrous metals processing

Pulp and paper production

Glass production

Ferrous metal processing

Cooling systems

Chlor-Alkali production

Tanning of hides and skins

Large-Volume Organic Chemicals production

Waste water and waste gas treatment in the chemical industry

Refining of mineral oil

Finalised BREFs

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5.2 Substitution of chemicals

For the substitution of chemicals, BAT is:

• to substitute less harmful chemicals for agents and auxiliaries that are known to be harmful to the environment

• to maintain an inventory of inputs and outputs, their fate in processes and releases

• to measure appropriate parameters to monitor the environmental releases

• to exercise responsible management including e.g, awareness of the chemicals applied in the process (including ready-made supplies), staff training, information and safety measures for workforce and environment.

E.g. Tanneries BREF

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There are BAT conclusions for the substitution of- Biocides

- Halogenated organic compounds

- Organic solvents (non-halogenated)

- Surfactants

- Complexing agents

- Ammonium deliming agents

- Tanning agents

- Dyestuffs

- Fatliquoring agents

- Finishing agents

- ...

E.g. Tanneries BREF

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Substitution is incorporated into the BAT concept

Made operational through the sector-based BREFs

Tool for reporting successful substitution of chemicals is the European Pollutant Emission Register (EPER)

Substitution and IPPC

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Other relevant policy areas

VOC Directive (1999/13/EC)

The IPP Green Paper (7.2.2001)

Directive protection of the health and

safety of workers from the risks related

to chemical agents at work (98/24/EC)

Directive on the protection of workers

from the risks related to exposure to

carcinogens at work (90/394/EEC)

Workers protection policy

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Conclusions

Substitution is widely known as an

available tool in other policy areas

operational examples in IPPC and workers

protection legislation

strong links and potential for synergies

with chemical policy

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More information

On environmental policy incl. water:

http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment

On IPPC and BREFs:

http://eippcb.jrc.es/pages/FActivities.htm

Email:

joachim.d’[email protected]