Natural Refrigerants: Future-proof Solutions for Today

eurammon End-Users

“Roche´s commitment to natural refrigerants”

by

Hans Baumann, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG

Thomas Wolf, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011

The Group Directive K6 (Thomas)

Technical applications (Hans)

4

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011

Group Directive K6

• Directive on Substances Affecting the Ozone Layer and the Climate

• Since 1994

• Directs the implementation of Roche Group Goal

• Over time adjusted and extended scope

• Developed and maintained by Group-SHE

• Monitoring and control of its implementation by Group-SHE

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011

Group Directive K6

• Goals

• Affected substances: Halons, CFCs, HCFCs, HBFCs, HFCs, PFCs

• 90% of all affected substances must be removed

• 10% exemptions for applications with no market-available solutions

• Remaining 10% only HFCs/PFCs

• Timeline

Legacy Roche sites:

• CFCs/HCFCs/HBFCs:expeditiously, but not later than end of 2015

• HFCs/PFCs: by end 2015

New acquisitions:

• CFCs/HCFCs/HBFCs:appropriate new timeframes

• HFCs/PFCs: appropriate new timeframes

• Schematic implementation scheme

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011

Group Directive K6

CFCs, HCFCs, HBFCs and Halons HFCs, PFCs

Prohibited in aerosol products manufactured by Roch e or its affiliates

Prohibited in foam products for packaging material

Prohibited in foam products for new thermal insulati on(Insulation material in existing equipment and inst allations may remain in use until the end of its se rvice life)

Use as a solvent in production is prohibited(May be used in laboratories on a small scale in te st methods required by government agencies)

• Schematic implementation scheme

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011

Group Directive K6

CFCs, HCFCs, HBFCs and Halons HFCs, PFCs

No new equipment No new equipment if inventory exceeds 10% of baseli ne

Expeditious phase-out according to defined deadline s Phase-out according to defined deadlines

Leak rates to be less than 1% Leak rates to be less than 1%

Refilling only after repair or removal of equipment Refilling only after repair or removal of equipment

Drop-in replacement with HFCs in exceptional casesUse as drop-in replacement if this does not cause

inventory to exceed 10% of baseline

Destruction of disposed substances Destruction of disposed substances

Reuse of HCFCs until deadlinesReuse of substances if this does not cause inventor y to

exceed 10% of baseline

Destruction of no longer used equipment Destruction of no longer used equipment

Resale or reuse of equipment if this does not cause inventory to exceed 10% of baseline

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011

The Group Directive K6 (Thomas)

Technical applications (Hans)

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The range of technical applications using cooling technology in

the Pharma & Diagnostics business is very broad

High rack warehouse Freezer Cooling room

Lyophilization Soda fountain Lyophilisation unitslab thermostat

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011 10

Lack of technology using natural refrigerants required

development work for different applications

NH3

30 kW…. 5 MW

CO2

2 kW…. 300 kW

Hydrocarbons*

< 1 kW…approx. 1 kW

(without safety activities)

2 kW…. 50 kW

(safety activities required, EN 378)

(+15°C < T > -100°C)

(T > -60°C)

(T > -50°C)

* e. g. propane, isobutane; ethene

Hydrocarbons*

CO2 Chillers for cold rooms

Air cooled propane chiller unit 2 kW

Lyophilisation usinghydrocarbon

special equipment requiring verylow temperature (< -80°C)

11Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011

Findings & challenges

• NH3 is the most energy efficient refrigerant for large scale applications (e.g. for air conditioning)

• The availability of commercial solutions for small scale equipment is still limited

• For applications with cooling capacities between 2 - 10 kW CO2 based solutions are often the only option due to safety issues

• CO2 based systems have worse energy efficiency for room temperature requirements > 0°C

• The best technology needs to be selected form case to case considering energy efficiency, safety and financial issues

Schaffhausen, 07 October 2011 12

Schaffhausen, 21 April 2010

Innovation für die Gesundheit

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