ETHERNETETHERNET

Introduced By:-By:-

Saleh Al-Ghamdi 243160Saleh Al-Ghamdi 243160Abdullah Al-Yabis 231817Abdullah Al-Yabis 231817Uthman Al-Amoudi 246754Uthman Al-Amoudi 246754

King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals

College of Computer Science & Engineering

COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION.INTRODUCTION.

ETHERNET HISTORYETHERNET HISTORY

ETHERNET NETWORK ELEMENTS.ETHERNET NETWORK ELEMENTS.

HOW IT WORKS ?HOW IT WORKS ?

ITS STANDARDS &TOPOLOGIES.ITS STANDARDS &TOPOLOGIES.

ETHERNET PRODUCTS. ETHERNET PRODUCTS.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

What is the Network ?What is the Network ?

What is LAN ?What is LAN ?

What is ETHERNET ?What is ETHERNET ?

ETHERNET HISTORYETHERNET HISTORY

in the 1970s .in the 1970s .

"Ethernet: Distributed Packet-"Ethernet: Distributed Packet-Switching for Local Computer Switching for Local Computer Networks," written by Metcalfe and Networks," written by Metcalfe and David Boggs.David Boggs.

IEEE standard 802.3.IEEE standard 802.3.

ETHERNET NETWORK ETHERNET NETWORK ELEMENTSELEMENTS

Data terminal equipment (DTE)Data terminal equipment (DTE)

Data communication equipment Data communication equipment

(DCE) (DCE)

HOW IT WORKSHOW IT WORKS? ?

A. Media Access MethodA. Media Access Method

B. Half- and Full-Duplex EthernetB. Half- and Full-Duplex Ethernet

Media Access MethodMedia Access Method

Ethernet uses CSMA/CD protocol to Ethernet uses CSMA/CD protocol to access the physical mediumaccess the physical medium

CSMA/CD helps devices to use the CSMA/CD helps devices to use the same medium without interferencesame medium without interference

When two devices transmit at the When two devices transmit at the same time, a same time, a collisioncollision occurs occurs

Media Access MethodMedia Access Method

CSMA/CD works in the following way:CSMA/CD works in the following way:1.1. All devices have equal access All devices have equal access

((multiple accessmultiple access) ) 2.2. The device first listen to the The device first listen to the

medium to see if it is free (medium to see if it is free (carrier carrier sensesense ) )

Free: device can transmitFree: device can transmit Not Free: device waits a Not Free: device waits a

random time & retransmit again random time & retransmit again

Media Access MethodMedia Access Method

3.3. If two devices transmit at the same If two devices transmit at the same time, atime, a collision collision occursoccurs

sending devices:sending devices: detect the collision (detect the collision (collision collision

detection)detection) send a jam signal to notifysend a jam signal to notify others others

4.4. Both devices wait a random length Both devices wait a random length of time before resending (of time before resending (back offback off ) )

Half- and Full-Duplex Half- and Full-Duplex EthernetEthernet

Half-Duplex:Half-Duplex:defined in the original 802.3 standarddefined in the original 802.3 standardUses one pair of wire to send data Uses one pair of wire to send data

(both directions )(both directions )Uses CSMA/CD to prevent collisionsUses CSMA/CD to prevent collisionsNot very efficient, especially with high Not very efficient, especially with high

load network (because of collisions)load network (because of collisions)

Half- and Full-Duplex Half- and Full-Duplex EthernetEthernet Full-Duplex:Full-Duplex:

uses two pairs of wires instead of uses two pairs of wires instead of one wire pair like Half-Duplexone wire pair like Half-Duplex

point-to-point connection between the transmitter & receiver

faster data transfer ratemost importantly, no collisions no collisions

ETHERNET STANDARDSETHERNET STANDARDS

Ethernet Ethernet • 10Base2(185m) & 10Base5(500m)10Base2(185m) & 10Base5(500m)• 10BaseT (Cat3, 4, or 5)10BaseT (Cat3, 4, or 5)

Fast EthernetFast Ethernet 100BaseT4 (100m, Cat5 )100BaseT4 (100m, Cat5 ) 100BaseFX (412m)100BaseFX (412m)

ETHERNET STANDARDSETHERNET STANDARDS

Gigabit EthernetGigabit Ethernet 1000BaseT (Cat5e) 1000BaseT (Cat5e) 1000BaseSX (220 to 550 meters )1000BaseSX (220 to 550 meters ) 1000BaseLX (550m ‘multimode’, 10 1000BaseLX (550m ‘multimode’, 10

Km ‘single-mode’)Km ‘single-mode’) 10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

10 GBaseSR(300m) 10 GBaseSR(300m) 10 GBaseER (40km)10 GBaseER (40km)

ETHERNET TOPOLOGIESETHERNET TOPOLOGIES

Point-to-Point Interconnection Point-to-Point Interconnection

Coaxial Bus TopologyCoaxial Bus Topology

Star-Connected Topology Star-Connected Topology

ETHERNET PRODUCTSETHERNET PRODUCTS

A. HUBSA. HUBS

B. SWITCHES B. SWITCHES

C. Network Interface Card (NIC)C. Network Interface Card (NIC)

D. ROUTERSD. ROUTERS

A. HUBSA. HUBS

DefinitionDefinition

can be activecan be active

… …or passiveor passive

B. SWITCHESB. SWITCHES

identical to network hubs, but contains more identical to network hubs, but contains more "intelligence" "intelligence"

Get the data packets as they are received, determining the source and destination

device of that packet

C. Network Interface Card C. Network Interface Card (NIC)(NIC)

allow computers to communicate over a allow computers to communicate over a computer networkcomputer network

D. ROUTERSD. ROUTERS

a device that extracts the destination of a a device that extracts the destination of a packet it receives, selects the best path to packet it receives, selects the best path to that destination, and forwards data packets that destination, and forwards data packets to the next device along this path to the next device along this path