Estonian Geography and Geographers

Rein Ahas & Garri Raagmaa

University of Tartu

garri@ut.ee

372 5278899

Estonian Geography?

� What is Geography?

� This is what geographers do!

� What is Estonian Geography?

� This is what Estonian geographers do!

AcademiaCustaviana

Tartu University was founded1632 by Swedish king Karl Gustav II Adolphus

Friedrich Georg W. Struwe 1793-1864

Department of Geography

� Founded 1919

Edgar Kant 1902-1978Estonian central places

Salme Nõmmik� Territorial production

complexes1910-1988

1991 Institute of Geography2007 Institute of Ecology and Earth

Scienes Director Leho Ainsaar

� 2007 Departmentof Geography� 75 people on the list

� Chair of Physical Geography and Landscape Ecology

� Chair of Geoinformatics and Cartography

� Chair of Human geography and Regional Planning

Study programmes

� BSc in Geography 3 years

� MSc in Geography 2 years

� PhD in Geography 4 years

Study specialisations in MSc:

� Human geography and regional planning

� Tourism Geography

� Physical Geography and Landscape Ecology

� Environmental Technology

� GIS and Cartography

Chair of physical geography and landscape ecology

� Ülo ManderLandscape Ecology

� Jaak JaagusClimatology

� Jaak TruuEnvironmental

technology

Chair of GIS and Cartography

Tõnu Oja

Chair of human geography and regionalplanning

� Rein Ahas – Mobilitystudies, mobileposititioning

� Tiit Tammaru –Urban and population geography

The only cultural geographer

� Taavi Pae

� Other culturalgeography fellowsmigrated to Tallinn University

� Hannes Palang

The only historical geographer

� Erki Tammiksaar

� After Ott Kursretirement

Regionalplanning group

� Jussi Jauhiainen

� Antti Roose – ESPONcontact point

� Garri Raagmaa

Ressource management and environmental assesment folks

� Age Poom Arvo Järvet Ain Kull

Estonian Institutional Research Grant

� Spatial Population Mobility and Geographical Changes in Urban Regions

� IUT2-17

� 2013-2018

� 2 professors, 7 researchers, 11 PhD students

Research at the Mobility Lab

Short-term population mobility

Mobile phones (positioning, tracking) assensors

Geography of Information Society

Population in July

Allikas: Ahas jt. 2010

Estonian central places 2013

(Ahas jt. 2013)

Paradigm shift:

• Intelligent transportation systems

• Smart City

• Monitoring systems

Recent papers:

� Ahas, R., Witlox F., Miller, H. 2014. From the Guest Editors: Mobility, Communication, and Urban Space, Journal of Urban Technology 21 (2):1-7.

� Järv, O., Ahas, R. and Witlox, F. 2014. Understanding monthly variability in human activity spaces: a twelve-month study using mobile phone call detail records. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 38 (1): 122–135.

� Silm, S. & Ahas, R. 2014. Ethnic differences activity spaces: The study of out-of-home non-employment activities with mobile phone data, Annals of Association of American Geographers 104(5): 542-559.

Research at the Centre forMigration and UrbanResearch

Segregation

Suburbanisation

Inter-ethnic contacts

Emigration

Post-socialist City: segregation

Hidden suburbanisation: garden house districts

Population change 2000-2011

Allikas: Statistikaamet, REL 2011

Population change by km2

Local patterns of social mix/diversity

Budapest Warsaw

VilniusTallinn

Prague

Recent papers:

� Marcinczak, S. Tammaru, T., Novák, J., Gentile, M., A., Kovács, Z., Temelová, J., Kährik (2014) Patterns of socio-economic segregation in the capital cities of fast-track performing post-socialist countries. Annals Association of American Geographers [in press].

� Strömgren, M., Tammaru, T., Danzer, A., van Ham, M., Marcinczak, S., Stjernström, P., Lindgren, U. (2014) Factors shaping workplace segregation between natives and immigrants. Demography 51(2), 645–671.

� Hedberg, C.; Tammaru, T. (2013). ‘Neighbourhood effects’ and ‘City effects’: The entry of newly arrived immigrants into the labour market. Urban Studies 50(6), 1163–1180.

� Leetmaa, Kadri; Kriszan, Agnes; Nuga, Mari; Burdack, Joachim (2013). Strategies to cope with shrinkage in the lower end of urban hirarchy inEstonia and Central Germany . European Planning Studies

Research in Regional Planning

Governance and Peripheralization

Regional and innovation policy

Land use and ladscape changes

Employed outsidehome

25000abroad

29000outside owncounty

Allikas: Statistikaamet, REL 2011

8%7%

7%

7%

7%

6%6% 6%

6%

TALLINN

PärnuSpa, tourism, social services

KuressaareSmall craft building, Spa

Kohtla-JärveOil-shale & miningtechonogy

NarvaOil shale energyrare metals

RakvereConstructionmaterials, food

TARTU

Võru: Wood processingtechnology, mechatronics

Valga: Latvian co-operationOtepää sports ja recreation industy

ViljandiFolk-culture ja handicraft

Räpina School ofHorticulture

ShippingShippingShippingShipping and and and and fisheriesfisheriesfisheriesfisheries, , , ,

resortsresortsresortsresorts

Mining and chemical industry

KIBS, transit trade, real

estate, software

development (Skype,

Tehnopol etc.)

Higher education and

reserach, medicine, biotech

and software development

(Playtech, Regio etc.)

AgricultureAgricultureAgricultureAgriculture, , , , forestyforestyforestyforesty

New and OldOldOldOld specialisation of Estonian regions

Hiiumaa: Plasticsindustry

HospitalityHospitalityHospitalityHospitality industryindustryindustryindustry, , , , healthhealthhealthhealth and and and and

socialsocialsocialsocial servicesservicesservicesservices, , , , maritimemaritimemaritimemaritime sectorsectorsectorsector, , , ,

manufacturingmanufacturingmanufacturingmanufacturing subcontractingsubcontractingsubcontractingsubcontracting

Manufacturing,

transit trade

Wood and food industry,

organic farming, recreation

Mining, chemicals,

metal processing

Food, construction

materials, recreationHaapsalu: Health and rehabilitation Paide/Türi:

AgrotechnologyLuua School of Forestry

University colleges Main local industries/knowledge base

Major planningfailures, meadowof Emajõgi 2010

Some publications� Roose, A.; Kull, A; Gauk, M.; Tali, T. (2013). Land use policy

shocks in the post-communist urban fringe: a case study of Estonia. Land Use Policy. 30(1), 76 - 83.

� Roose, A.; Kull, A. (2012). Empowering Spatial Information in the Evolution of Planning Systems: Lessons of ad hoc Plans in Estonia. Regional Studies, 46(4), 493 - 508.

� Raagmaa, G. & Stead, D. (2014) Spatial Planning in theBaltic States: Impacts of European Policies, EuropeanPlanning Studies, 22:4, 671-679

� Raagmaa, G.; Kalvet, T. & Kasesalu, R. (2014) Europeanization and De-Europeanization of EstonianRegional Policy, European Planning Studies, 22:4, 775-795

Department of Geography Department of Geography Department of Geography Department of Geography Vanemuise 46 Tartu 51014 @stonia