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EST 612. Environmental Policy and Governance The United States and China: A Brief Comparison. David A. Sonnenfeld Dept. of Environmental Studies College of Environmental Science and Forestry State University of New York Syracuse, NY, 13210 USA. February 2010. United States of America (USA). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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EST 612. Environmental Policy and Governance
The United States and China: A Brief Comparison
David A. Sonnenfeld
Dept. of Environmental StudiesCollege of Environmental Science and Forestry
State University of New YorkSyracuse, NY, 13210 USA
February 2010
2
United States of America (USA)
• World's largest economy– $12.15 trillion GNI per year, 3.4% growth rate (2004
est.) – $40 billion FDI (2002 est.) – $37,388 GDP per capita (2003 est.)
• Population: 298.4 million, 1.0% growth rate (2006 est.) • Ecological footprint (2003 est.)
– United States: 9.6 ha per capita– Finland: 7.6 ha per capita– Canada: 7.6 ha per capita
• World's most polluting country– 22.5 % of total CO2 emissions (1998 est.) – CO2 emissions: 19.8 metric tons/ per capita (2000 est.)
– CO2 emissions: 5,590 mmt total (2000 est.)
3
Environmental Quality in the USA
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Greenhouse GasesEnergy ConsumptionFossil Fuel ConsumptionElectricity ConsumptionPopulationGross Domestic Product
Per
Cent
Source: US EPA (2004)
4
Environmental Quality in the USA
Source: US EPA (2003)
5
People’s Republic of China
• World's fastest growing economy– $1.68 trillion GNI per year, 8.8% growth rate (2004 est.) – $49 billion FDI (2002 est.) – $1,094 GDP per capita (2003 est.)
• Population– 1/5 of world’s total– 1.3 billion, 0.7% growth rate (2006 est.)
• Ecological footprint (2003 est.)
– China: 1.6 ha per capita– Albania: 1.4 ha per capita– Dominican Rep.: 1.6 ha per capita
• Pollution– CO2 emissions: 2.2 metric tons/ per capita (2000 est.) – CO2 emissions: 2,780 mmt (2000 est.)
6
Environmental Quality in China
Sou
rce
: Li
u an
d D
iam
ond
(200
5)S
ourc
e:
Liu
and
Dia
mon
d (2
005)
7
Environmental Quality in China
Sou
rce
: Li
u an
d D
iam
ond
(200
5)S
ourc
e:
Liu
and
Dia
mon
d (2
005)
8
Environmental Quality in China
Sou
rce
: Li
u an
d D
iam
ond
(200
5)S
ourc
e:
Liu
and
Dia
mon
d (2
005)
9
Ratification of Environmental Agreements
United States China
International Trade in Endangered Species (1973)
Yes Yes
Montreal Protocol (1987) Yes Yes
Basel Convention (1989) No Yes
Convention on Biological Diversity (1992)
No Yes
Kyoto Protocol (1997) No Yes
