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ERROR ANALYSIS OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
COMMITED BY GRADE XI STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 SALATIGA
IN ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019
A THESIS
Submitted to Department of English Education Department
Graduate School of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the Degree of Master of Education
By:
NUR ENDAH SETYORINI
S400180056
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM OF LANGUAGE
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2021
ii
PRIMARY SUPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM
The student submits the thesis for examination:
Name : Nur Endah Setyorini
ID Number : S400180056
Department : English Education
Field of Study : English Education
Thesis Title : Error Analysis of Writing Analytical Exposition Text committed by
Grade XI students of SMA N 2 Salatiga in Academic Year of 2018/2019
Supervisor’s Approval:
I confirm that the thesis written by the above named student meets the scholarly standards
degree and is, therefore, eligible to proceed to an examination by the board examiners of the
English Education Department, the Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Surakarta, 2 January 2021
Primary Supervisor
Dr. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum
iii
CO-SUPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM
The student submits the thesis for examination:
Name : Nur Endah Setyorini
ID Number : S400180056
Departement : English Education
Field of study : English education
Thesis title : Error Analysis of Writing Analytical Exposition Text committed by
Grade XI students of SMA N 2 Salatiga in Academic Year of 2018/ 2019
Co-Supervisor’s Approval:
I confirm that the thesis written by the above named student meets the scholarly standarts
degree and is, therefore, eligible to proceed to an examination by the board examiners of the
English Education Department, the Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Surakarta, 2 January 2021
Co-Supervisor
Dr. Anam Sutopo, S.Pd., M.Hum.
iv
APPROVAL OF THESIS SUBMISSION
ERROR ANALYSIS OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
COMMITED BY GRADE XI STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 SALATIGA
IN ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019
Submitted by
NUR ENDAH SETYORINI
Has been examined by the board examiners on………………….. All feedback,
correction, and suggestions recommended by examiners have been considered and revision
accordingly made by the student.
The boards of examiners certify that the thesis is eligible for submission.
The Board of Examiners
Primary supervisor
Dr. Dwi Haryanti. M.Hum
Co-Supervisor
Dr. Anam Sutopo, S.Pd., M.Hum
Examiner
__________________________
Surakarta, …………. 2021
The Director of Graduate School
Prof. Dr. Bambang Sumardjoko, M.Pd
v
STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY
I hereby confirm that the thesis entitled “Error Analysis of Writing Analytical Exposition
Committed BY Grade XI Students of SMA N 2 Salatiga in Academic Year of 2018/2019” is an
authentic and original work written by myself and it has been satisfied the rules and regulations
of Universitas Muhammadiah Surakarta with respect to plagiarism. I certify that all quotations
and sources of information has been fully referred and acknowledged accordingly.
I confirm that this thesis has not been submitted for the award of any previous degree in
any tertiary institutions in Indonesia or abroad.
Name : Nur Endah Setyorini
ID Number : S400180056
Departement : English Education
Field of study : English Education
Surakarta, 2 January 2021
Nur Endah Setyorini
vi
MOTTO
“Wahai orang-orang yang beriman, jadikanlah sabar dan salat sebagai penolongmu.
Sesungguhnya Allah beserta orang-orang yang sabar.” (- QS Al Baqarah 153)
Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day-in and day-out. (Robert Collier)
vii
DEDICATION
I dedicated this thesis for:
1. My beloved children
2. My big family.
3. My lectures that motivate, support, and inspire me to continue the
study.
4. My best friend who always motivate and support me.
viii
ABSTRACT
TITLE: ERROR ANALYSIS OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
COMMITED BY GRADE XI STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 SALATIGA
IN ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019
This thesis is intended to identify the errors of analytical exposition text committed by grade XI
students of SMA N 2 Salatiga. In this research, the researcher uses descriptive qualitative
method. The data are obtained through observation, content analysis, and students‟ interview.
Meanwhile, the data sources are students, students‟ wrting and classes. This research involves
what the errors of social function, generic structure and language features found in the students‟
writing of analytical exposition are and the problems faced by the students in writing analytical
exposition. The result of research shows that there are 224 errors in students‟ writing of
Analytical Expositions which appear in social function, generic structure and language features.
These errors can be seen from the utterances which the students create in detail. These errors
include omission erroneous, addition, substitution or misformation and ordering or misordering
errors. It can be proved by the data analysis and the results of interview from the students. Then,
the problems faced by the students when they are writing such as the low of vocabularies, the
complexity of grammar, the dislike learning analytical exposition, and also the dislike of writing.
It‟s obvious that writing is very complicated for the students in grammar or getting the idea. It‟s
so hard to arrange the words or sentences into a good paragraph. Furthermore, the errors are
ungrammatical and unacceptable.
Key words: Error analysis, writing and analytical exposition
ix
ABSTRAK
TITLE: ERROR ANALYSIS OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
COMMITED BY GRADE XI STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 SALATIGA
IN ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019
Thesis ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kesalahan-kesalahan pada teks eksposisi analitis siswa
kelas XI SMA N 2 Salatiga. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode descriptive
qualitative. Data didapatkan melalui observasi, analisis konten dan wawancara siswa. Sementara
itu, yang menjadi sumber data adalah siswa, karya siswa dan kelas. Penelitian ini meliputi
kesalahaan-kesalahan apa pada fungsi sosial teks, struktur teks dan ciri kebahasaan yang
ditemukan dalam karya atau tulisan siswa pada teks eksposisi analitis dan juga masalah- masalah
yang di hadapi oleh siswa dalam menulis text eksposisi analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini
menunjukkan bahwa ada 224 kesalahan dalam tulisan eksposisi analitis siswa yang muncul
dalam fungsi sosial, atruktur teks juga dalam kebahasaan. Kesalahan-kesalahan ini dapat di lihat
dari kalimat-kalimat siswa secara lebih rinci. Kesalahan- kesalahain tersebut meliputi kesalahan
penghilangan (omission), penambahan(addition), substitusi (substitution) atau kesalahan formasi
(misformation)dan kesalahan urutan kata (ordering or misordering). Hal ini bisa dibuktikan
dengan analisis data dan hasil wawancara terhada siswa. Kemudian, ada empat masalah utama
yang dihadapi oleh siswa ketika mereka menulis seperti; rendahnya penguasaan kosa kata,
kompleksitas tata bahasa, ketidaksukaan mempelajari eksposisi analitis, dan juga ketidaksukaan
menulis. Ini jelas bahwa menulis adalah suatu hal yang sangat rumit bagi siswa dalam hal tata
bahasa dan juga dalam mendapatkan gagasan.Sangat sulit untuk menyusun kata-kata atau kalimat
menjadi suatu paragraph yang bagus. Selanjutnya, kesalahan- kesalahan yang akan tampak
adalah kalimat yang tidak gramatikal dan tidak bisa diterima.
Kata Kunci: Analisis kesalahan, menulis and eksposisi analitis
x
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, first of all, the researcher states her highest thankfulness to
Allah SWT for giving her blessing, occasion, health, inspiration, and leading her to finish this
thesis. In organizing this thesis, there are a lot people who are involved. She would like to
express her gratitude to them who have aided her in completing this study.
1. Dr. Sofyan Anif, M.Si., the rector of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Prof. Dr. Bambang Sumardjoko, M.Pd, the director of the Graduate School of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Agus Wijayanto Drs.,M.A., Ph.D the head of English Education Department of Graduate
School of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. Dr. Dwi Haryanti M.Hum, as the Primary Supervisor, for giving me a valuable guidance
and advice from beginning up to completing this research paper.
5. Dr. Anam Sutopo, S.Pd., M.Hum. as the Co-Supervisor who gave her time for guidance
and assistance in completing this thesis.
6. All lecturers of the English Education Department of Graduate School of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who cannot be mentioned one by one.
7. The head of SMA N 2 Salatiga, who has given permission to the researcher to carry out
the research in his institution.
8. All of my friends from Class A of English Education Department of Graduate School of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, who help me in my study. And everyone who
cannot be mentioned one by one for their help, support and motivation in completing this
long hard effort. Expectantly, God gives His blessing to them. Amen.
I expect that the study is able to give further information for more researchers who are interested
in accomplishing research regarding to other studies
xi
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ............................................................................................................ i
PRIMARY SUPERVISOR‟S APPROVAL FORM ........................................ ii
CO- SUPERVISOR‟S APPROVAL FORM ................................................... iii
APPROVAL OF THESIS SUBMISSION....................................................... iv
STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY ............................................................. v
MOTTO ........................................................................................................... vi
DEDICATION ................................................................................................. vii
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... viii
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... ix
AKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. x
TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................... xi
LIST OF THE TABLES .................................................................................. xiii
LIST OF THE PICTURE ................................................................................ xiv
LIST OF THE APPENDIX ............................................................................. xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study ..................................................................... 1
B. Limitation of the Study ........................................................................ 4
C. Problem Statement ............................................................................... 4
D. Objectives of the Study ........................................................................ 4
E. The Benefits of the Study .................................................................... 4
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ....................................................... 6
A. Previous Study ..................................................................................... 6
B. Underlying Theory ............................................................................... 9
C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................ 24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .......................................................... 26
A. Type of the Study ................................................................................. 26
B. Subject and Object of the Research ..................................................... 27
C. Data and Data Sources ......................................................................... 28
D. Method and Technique of Collecting Data .......................................... 28
xii
E. Technique of Analyzing the Data ........................................................ 28
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ...................... 30
A. Research Finding ................................................................................. 30
B. Discussion of the Findings ................................................................... 60
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..................................... 66
A. Conclusion ........................................................................................... 66
B. Suggestion ............................................................................................ 67
REFERENCES ................................................................................................ 68
APPENDIX ...................................................................................................... 71
xiii
LIST OF THE TABLES
Table II.1 The Problem of Writing .................................................................. 15
xiv
LIST OF THE PICTURE
Picture II.1 The Writing Process ...................................................................... 12
Picture II.2 Mistake and Error ......................................................................... 22