Respond to analytical exposition textIdentify various generic structure of analytical expositionWrite analytical exposition text using correct structureWhat is Analytical Exposition?Analytical Exposition Text
- 1. MODULPEMBELAJARANSMA NEGERI 2 MATARAM MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA
INGGRISKELAS XI SEMESTER I UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION MATERI
POKOK WELFARE DISUSUN OLEH H.M. SARTONO, S.Pd.Pembina IV/a NIP:
196012311986011055 2009 Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3
ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 1
2. PREFACE First of all we wished to preface that in this part
of Learning English Material Based ICT, SMAN 2 Mataram designed
firstly English Learning Material for Senior High School grade X,
XI, & XII Academic Year 2009 / 2010. They are written and
designed by H.M. Sartono.Nowadays, Mastering English is a challenge
for some people, this is because of the Modern Technology which
accelerates the development of any field including Education. To
fulfill the Standard of Competence these English Learning
Materials, we have to concern with Badan Standar Nasional
Pendidikan as it is legitimated by Peraturan Menteri No 22 Tahun
2006 and it is applied in KTSP SMA which is elaborated completely
in Syllabus Design. The main teacher's roles are as mediator and
facilitator. The students and the teachers are to be active and
creative . The students' activity is focused on four skills such as
Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing Skills. All skills enable
the students to work actively, while vocabulary Mastery is given
indirectly in every task and also functional skills which is
available in orally that is intended to make students to be able to
communicate in English orally. Then the acceleration task are
implemented in every topic and section.Furthermore, in these part
of design English Learning Materials in order to meet the students'
needs, to offer a wide knowledge which are useful to their daily
life or activity. So we can say that the students from SMAN 2
Mataram joining these materials are aware of English. And during
the process of study, the students will discover something new,
also encourage them to communicate in English.Finally, we would
like to express our appreciation to those who have taken apart,
helped and given the motivation, or supported to these
designs.Hopefully, if there were some suggestions, criticisms for
the improvement of these designs will be warmly
appreciated.Designed byH.M. SARTONO, S.Pd Modul Bahsa Inggris XI
SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 2 3. MAPPING CONCEPTUNIT
3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITIONWELFARESKILLS : 1. Listening: Responding to
agreement and disagreement Responding to analytical exposition
texts 2. Speaking: Giving advice and warnings Retelling a narrative
text 3. Reading: Reading analytical exposition texts4. Writing:
Writing a analytical exposition text Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2
Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 3 4. Learning ObjectivesA.
Oral Cycle Respond to analytical exposition monolog
carefullyRespond to expressions for agreement and disagreement
;Identify sentence patterns main ideas Use expressions for
agreement and disagreementDeveloping a dialog into a longer one B.
Written CycleRespond to analytical exposition textIdentify various
generic structure of analytical expositionWrite analytical
exposition text using correct structureWhat is Analytical
Exposition?Analytical Exposition TextDefinition of Analytical
ExpositionExposition is a text that elaborates the writers idea
about the phenomenon surrounding. Itssocial function is to persuade
the reader that the idea is important matter.Analytical Exposition
text overviewAnalytical Exposition Analysis on the Generic
StructureAnalytical exposition is one of argumentative texts which
present some supporting ideaon why certain writers opinion is
important. The opinion is formulated in a thesiswhich needs to
prove by selecting arguments. The above example of
analyticalexposition about accredited school has the following
generic structure:1.Thesis: Introducing the topic and indicating
the writers position or it is the main topic ofdiscourse in
analytical exposition essay. Commonly the thesis will be placed
inthe first paragraphs. It also functionalize of introduction of
the text. From the textabove we see that choosing school will be
wiser and safer if it is based on thestatus of the school;
accredited or not.2. Arguments: Explaining the argument to support
the writers position, the arguments arethe heart of an analytical
exposition. And t explaining he other arguments supportthe writers
position moreThe absence of argument, analytical will just talk
nothing since a thesismust be evaluated, whether it is true or
false later, it does not matter. From theanalytical exposition
sample above, we see an accredited school graduate willhold better
opportunity. Additionally choosing school based on short
terminterests seem to be less benefit in the end.3. Reiteration:
Restating the writers position or it is the writers thesis which is
re-stated inanother word. The purpose is to strengthen the thesis.
we realize that choosingan accredited school is really
importantLanguage Features of Analytical Exposition those are : 1.
Using relational process 2. Using internal conjunction 3. Using
causal conjunction 4. Using Simple Present Tense Modul Bahsa
Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION4 5.
Analytical exposition is one classified type as hortatory
exposition in text genre. Both analytical exposition and hortatory
exposition present arguments for supporting the issued thesis. What
makes them different from one to each other is the last stage of
the text, which the analytical exposition will end with a re-
iteration. In the other hand, hortatory will close the essay with a
recommendation. Analytical exposition will try to influence the
reader by presenting some arguments to prove that the writer' idea
is important. Furthermore, hortatory will try to persuade the
reader how should or not do concerning the writer's idea. Writing
is a Great for Money Online;( an analytical exposition text) The
emergence of the internet has given internet entrepreneurs many
ways to make money. Writers are one group that have benefited from
their talents as a result in the rise of internet based jobs. Blog
writing is an increasingly popular way to earn money online.
determined by the owner of the blog. They are very popular because
of Blogs are usually written on a certain subject area but can vary
as its content is heir simplicity to get up and running. There are
many free Understanding Types of Text: Analytical Exposition
websites out there that will help you set up your own blog if you
choose to go that route because blog plus advertisement is a
potential money Article writing is also a good money to earn money
online. Make sure to gear your articles to promote and advertise
you own business ventures. These articles are a free way to market
the products and services you offer for free. The most effective
advertising with these articles comes from the dialogue box that is
inserted at the end of each article. These dialogue boxes contain
links to basically any website you would like to drive traffic to.
For instance, you might have one link in your dialogue box to a
product you are selling and one to a blog where you are promoting a
discussing other products. Writing takes some time to gain
credibility through but once it's done' earning potential can
become very powerful. Simplified from:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Noto Analyzing on the Text
Generic Structure Analysis Thesis; Writing is good in making money
online Argument 1; blog is a potentially earning money Argumant 2;
writing articles is good in earning money Conclusion; credible
writer is powerful to make money online Language Feature Analysis
Simple present tense; Blog writing is an increasingly popular way
to earn money online, Writing takes some time to gain credibility,
etc Causal conjunction ; because, etc Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2
Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 5 6. Is Smoking Good for Us?;
Example of Analytical Exposition Before we are going to smoke, it
is better to look at the fact. About 50thousands people die every
year in Britain as direct result of smoking. This is seventimes as
many as die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of smokers die
because ofdiseases caused by smoking. Ninety percent of lung
cancers are caused by smoking. If we smokefive cigarettes a day, we
are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a nonsmoker.
If we smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater.
Ninety fivepercent of people who suffer of bronchitis are people
who are smoking. Smokersare two and half times more likely to die
of heart disease than non smokers. Additionally, children of smoker
are more likely to develop bronchitisand pneumonia. In one hour in
smoky room, non smoker breathes as much assubstance causing cancer
as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes. Smoking is reallygood for
tobacco companies because they do make much money from
smokinghabit. Smoking however is not good for every body else.Notes
on the generic structure of this example of analytical exposition
As we know that both analytical exposition and hortatory exposition
areclassified as argumentative essay. Both present argument to
support the thesisstate in the orientation. This thesis places the
writers position on the essay. Fromthe generic structure, what make
big different is that analytical exposition ends withparagraph to
strengthen the thesis while hortatory makes a recommendation
forreaders. Generic Structure AnalysisThesis: This pre-conclusive
paragraph states the writers point of view about the topic
discussed. Writer has show himself in clear position of the
discussed topic. Paragraph 1 is the thesis of this analytical
exposition text. It states the fact of the very fatal impact of the
smoking habit. Clearly the writer wants to say that smoking is not
a good habit.Arguments: Presenting arguments in analytical
exposition text is as important as giving conflict plot in
narrative text. The series of argument will strengthen the thesis
stated before. In this example of analytical exposition text,
paragraph 2 and 3 are the detail arguments presented in a reporting
fact to support that smoking is not good even for smokers
themselves. Furthermore, people who do not smoke but they are in
smoky area have the bad effect too from the smoking
habit.Reiteration: This end paragraph actually is restating the
thesis. It is something like conclusive paragraph from the previous
arguments. The last paragraph of this example of analytical
exposition points again that smoking is not good for smokers and
people around smokers. However smoking is very good for Cigarette
Companies Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION 6 7. Opportunity in the Global Financial Crisis; example
of analytical expositionUS. financial crisis and its contagion to
Europe and the rest of theworld could also create new opportunity
for Indonesia in term of foreign directinvestment and the
development of basic infrastructure. As the US. financial crisishas
now spread to Europe, the oil-rich countries such as Saudi Arabia,
Kuwait andArab Emirate which have accumulated hundreds of billion
of Dollars in their foreignreserve, are now reviewing their holding
or investment vehicle. They are looking formore diversified
investment outside the US and Europe.Because of unfavorable
political developments in Thailand andMalaysia over the past few
months, Indonesia which has largely Muslim populationcould become
one of these oil-rich countries' favorite place for foreign
directinvestment. That will be true if the conditions, legal and
market infrastructure areconducive for Islamic financial
instruments.The government had improved the legal framework with
the recentatmen of laws on sharia banking and bonds. The long term
nature of Islamic bondscould make them the most suitable investment
instrument for Indonesia, as thesebonds grant an investor a share
in an asset along with the cash flows and riskscommensurate with
such ownership.The financial crisis that has gripped the globe and
weakeningeconomic growth in the rest of the world will serve to the
government to acceleratethe investment reform measures in order to
grab the hidden opportunity in theglobal crisis. (simplified from
the jakartapos.com on Oct 9)NOTES ON Generic Structure of the above
Analytical ExpositionParagraph 1 is THESIS. It introduces the topic
of the text which state the potentialopportunity behind the global
financial crisis.Paragraphs 2 and 3 are the ARGUMENTS which support
to the opinions stated in theabove thesis.Paragraph 4 is
REITERATION which restates the thesis in another phrases to
pointthe writer opinion. Listening scripts :Before we are going to
smoke, it is better to look at the fact. About 50thousands people
die every year in Indonesia as direct result of smoking. This is
seventimes as many as die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of
smokers die because ofdiseases caused by smoking.Ninety percent of
lung cancers are caused by smoking. If we smoke fivecigarettes a
day, we are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non
smoker. If wesmoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen
greater. Ninety five percent of peoplewho suffer of bronchitis are
people who are smoking. Smokers are two and half times morelikely
to die of heart disease than non smokers.Additionally, children of
smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis andpneumonia. In one
hour in smoky room, non smoker breathes as much as substancecausing
cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes. Smoking is really
good for tobaccocompanies because they do make much money from
smoking habit. Smoking however isnot good for every body else.
Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION7
8. A. Oral Cycle(Listening) Respond to analytical exposition
monolog carefully Respond to expressions for agreement and
disagreement ; Identify sentence patterns main ideas Activity 1
Listen carefully to the paragraphs read by your teacher , the
answer thefollowing questions !1. What is the text about ?2. Is
Smoking Good for Us?3. Are you happy to see children of smoker?
Give your reason.4. What kind of diseases caused by smoking?5. Do
you agree that Smoking however is not good for every body else ?
Activity 2 You are going to listen to analytical exposition
monolog.Listen carefully. Then say what is monolog text about Audio
scripts Why is Learning English Important?Language is the mean of
communication. Mostly groups of society havetheir own languages
Some of them appear the top global languages. Most peoplein the
world hear about English, Arabic, and Mandarin. However English is
themost global spoken language. Then if a man wants to catch a
global goal, he hasto master English. Everyone recognize that
English is an international language.English is used in writing and
speaking by many people all over theworld. It can be either as a
first or second language. We even hear British,American,
Australian, and even Singaporean English. Those various names
ofEnglish are used as the first language in those countries.
Furthermore, somecountries have their own languages as a mother
language but also use Englishmostly in daily communication.Besides
usage in daily interaction, English is also used as a key to
opendoors leading to scientific and technical knowledge. No wonder
we find manualguides and instructions of many devices written in
English. Even if we have apack of instant noodle, we will see the
cooking instruction also written in English.This transfer of
science and technique will include many countries in
economic,social and politics development.Finally, the most easily
seen in the importance of learning English is thatmost top
requirement in filling job opportunities is the ability using
English; activeor passive. Job applicants who master English are
more favorable than ones whodo not. The above facts prove that
everybody needs to learn English if he likes togreet the global
era. Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION8 9. Activity 3 From the analytical exposition monolog
text below, analyze the genericstructure and language feature, work
in pairs .Global warmingGlobal warming is the increase in the
average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans in
recent decades and its projected continuation. Increasingglobal
temperature will cause sea levels to rise, and is expected to
increase theintensity of extreme weather events and to change the
amount and pattern ofprecipitation. Other effects of global warming
include changes in agricultural yields,trade routes, glacier
retreat, species extinction and increases in the ranges of
diseasevectors. Remaining scientific uncertainties include the
amount of warming expectedin the future, and how warming and
related changes will vary from region to regionaround the globe.
Most national governments have signed and ratified the
KyotoProtocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but there
is ongoing politicaland public debate worldwide regarding what, if
any, action should be taken to reduceor reverse future warming or
to adapt to its expected consequences.Climate model projections
summarized by the IPCC indicate that average globalsurface
temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 C (2.0 to 11.5 F)
during thetwenty-fi rst century. The range of values results from
the use of differing scenarios offuture greenhouse gas emissions as
well as models with differing climate sensitivity.Although most
studies focus on the period up to 2100, warming and sea level rise
areexpected to continue for more than a thousand years even if
greenhouse gas levelsare stabilized. The delay in reaching
equilibrium is a result of the large heat capacity ofthe oceans.
Taken from en.wikipedia.orgPresent Perfect TenseStudy the following
sentences.1. The overuse of rainforests for tourist activities has
led governments to pass laws restricting activities in these
forests.2. The Dain tree region in northern Queensland is one area
where the government has passed laws regulating rainforests
activities.3. Unfortunately, the widespread destruction of many of
the world's rainforests has caused a signifi cant decline in the
number of plant and animal species on Earth. Modul Bahsa Inggris XI
SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION9 10. Modul Bahsa Inggris
XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 10 11. Modul Bahsa
Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 11 12. Modul
Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 12 13.
( Speaking ) Expressing request Expressing feeling of relief, pain,
and pleasure Responding to an analytical exposition textActivity 1
Answer these questions.1. What do you say fulfilling your sister's
request?2. What do you say when you have a serious toothache?3. How
do you feel when your close friend gives you a bunch of
flowers?Activity 2 Read the following dialogues and then answer the
questions orally !Dialogue 1Krisna : Mom, may I ask you
something?Mother : Yes, of course. What's wrong with you?Krisna : I
need a lot of money to buy a text book.Mother : Okay. I'll give it
to you if it is important for you.Krisna : Thank you, Mom.1. Does
Krisna's mother fulfi ll Krisna's request? Howdo you know?2. Why
does mother not refuse Krisna's request?Dialogue 2Yenny : Den, you
look pale today. What's wrong with you?Denni : I am suffering from
a relapse.Yenny : What do you suffer from?Denni : I've had
diarrhoea since last night. I couldn't sleep well.Yenny : I'm sorry
to hear that.1. Why did Denni look pale?2. What did Yenny say when
she heard that Denni had diarrhoea? Study the following expressions
of fulfi lling request, relief, pain and pleasure. Modul Bahsa
Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 13 14. (
Speaking ) Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION 14 15. ( Speaking )Activity 3 Complete the following
dialogue using expressions provided in the boxa. By all meansb. I
am glad it was donec. Don't mention itd. We are excitede. I had a
gastric problem f. I am happy you made a quick recoveryg. It's a
relief to hear thath. That's wonderfuli. I am suffering from a
relapse j. That's great Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3
ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 15 16. Activity 4 Work in pairs. Create a
short dialogue to respond to the topic of the text. Use the
expressions you have learnt. Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram
UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 16 17. B. Written CycleReadingActivity
5. Answer the question based on the text , do
individuallyAccredited SchoolWhy is It Important to Choose the
Accredited School? Most of teenagers need to go to school and there
are a lot of schools overthere. Nowadays, schools grow to offer
plenty of choice; private and state ones.However it is a hard
choice since there are many factors which need to be
consideredbefore making the selection. Some will be influenced by
friends; because some friendgot to certain school than we go to
there too. Some prefer to choose certain schoolbecause of the
closer distance. In fact, the primary decisive matter for
selectingschool is whether the school has been accredited or not.
Why is important to choosean accredited school? Well, accredited
schools have an edge over the unaccreditedschools. This label of
Accredited School has an impact in employment opportunities.As
result, if there are two or more students with similar
qualifications, thestudent who comes from the accredited school
will have an edge over the othercandidate. Student from an
accredited school has more open door than student withan accredited
one. Many students select certain school depending more on short
termfactors like friend influence and short distance from home. It
is not bad sincecommuting actually needs much cost. Choosing school
which is closer to home willsave time, energy and money. However if
that school is not accredited, the time andmoney spent along
studying seems to be waste in the long term because it couldbecome
a limiting factor in gaining future opportunities.Accredited school
is not the only factor which will drive studentssuccess.
Personality and characterization are very important too. However a
studentwith good personality who comes from an accredited school is
better than the others.1. What is the main topic of discourse in
analytical exposition text ?2. What kind of the arguments are the
heart of an analytical exposition text ?3. Do you know the absence
of argument, written in the text ?4. From the text above we see
that choosing school will be wiser and safer, what does this
statement explicitly meaning ?5. What is the writers thesis which
is re-stated in another word ? Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram
UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 17 18. ReadingActivity 6. Analyze
Generic Structure and Language Feature of the Text below !Determine
Thesis, Argument and ReiterationLaptop as Students'
FriendConventionally, students need book, pen, eraser, drawing
book, ruler andsuch other stuff. Additionally, in this multimedia
era, students need more to reach theirprogressive development.
Students need mobile keyboards to record every presentedsubject
easily. Of course it will need more cost but it will deserve for
its function.First, modern schools tend to apply fast transferring
knowledge because theschool needs to catch the target of
curriculum. Every subject will tend to be given indemonstrative
method. Consequently students need extra media cover the
subject.Since there is a laptop on every students' desk, this
method will help student to getbetter understanding.Secondly,
finding an appropriate laptop is not difficult as it was.
Recentlythere is an online shop which provides comprehensive
information. The best is thatthe shop has service of online
shopping. The students just need to brows that onlineshop, decide
which computer or laptop they need, then complete the transaction.
Afterthat the laptop will be delivered to the students' houses.
That is really easy and savetime and money. From all of that,
having mobile computer is absolutely useful forstudents who want to
catch the best result for their study. Buying laptop online
isadvisable because it will cut the price. This online way is
recommended since onlineshop also provide several laptop types.
Students just need to decide which type theyreally need. Modul
Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 18 19.
Activity 7 Do you know how much oxygen the air is made up of? Study
the following diagram. Then State whether the following statements
are true or false according to the diagram Grammar ReviewPresent
Perfect TenseStudy the following sentences. 1. The overuse of
rainforests for tourist activities has led governments to pass laws
restricting activities in these forests. 2. The Daintree region in
northern Queensland is one area where the government has passed
laws regulating rainforests activities. 3. Unfortunately, the
widespread destruction of many of the world's rainforests has
caused a signifi cant decline in the number of plant and animal
species on Earth. The present perfect tense consists of have/has
before the past participleform of a verb. Modul Bahsa Inggris XI
SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 19 20. Writing write an
analytical exposition text;Activity 1 The following text consists
of five paragraphs, but they are not in correctorder. Arrange them
into a good text. 1. Many of the plants and trees that exist in
this savannah occur nowhere else in the world. In Europe, the
continent least affected by climate change, survival rates were
better. Studies in Mexico's Chihuahua desert confirmed that on
flatter land extinction was more likely because a small change in
climate would require migrations over vast distances for survival.
One third of 1,870 species examined would be in trouble. So many
species are already destined for extinction because it takes at
least 25 years for the greenhouse effect - or the trapping of the
sun's rays by the carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide to have
its full effect on the planet. The continuous discharge of more
greenhouse gases, particularly by the United States and European
nations, is making matters worse. The research says that, if
mankind continues to burn oil, coal and gas at the current rate, up
to one third of all life forms will be doomed by 2050.2. The
research in Europe, Australia, Central and South America, and South
Africa, showed that species living in mountainous areas had a
greater chance of survival because they could move uphill to get
cooler. Professor Thomas said: "When scientists set about research
they hope to come up with definite results, but what we found we
wish we had not. It was far, far worse than we thought, and what we
have discovered may even be an underestimate." Among the more
startling findings of the scientists was that of 24 species of
butterfly studied in Australia, all but three would disappear in
much of their current range, and half would become extinct.3. In
South Africa, major conservation areas such as Kruger National Park
risked losing up to 60% of the species under their protection,
while of 300 South African plant species studied, more than one
third were expected to die out, including the national flower, the
King Protean. In the Cerrito region of Brazil which covers one
fifth of the country, a study of 163 tree species showed that up to
70 would become extinct.4. The results are described as
"terrifying" by Chris Thomas, professor of conservation biology at
Leeds University, who is lead author of the research from four
continents published last week in the magazine Nature. Much of that
loss more than one in 10 of all plants and animals is already
irreversible because of the extra global warming gases already
discharged into the atmosphere. But the scientists say that action
to curb greenhouse gases now could save many more. It took two
years for the largest global collaboration of experts to make the
first major assessment of the effect of climate change on six
biologically rich regions of the world taking in 20% of the land
surface.5. The changing climate over the next 50 years is expected
to drive a quarter of land animals and plants into extinction,
according to the first comprehensive study into the effect of
higher temperatures on the natural world. The scale of the disaster
facing the planet shocked those involved in the research. They
estimate that more than 1 million species will be lost by 2050.
Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION20
21. Activity 2Answer the following questions based on the
paragraphs you have just arranged 1. What is a suitable title for
the text? 2. What is the topic of the text? 3. What is the main
idea of each paragraph? 4. What is the conclusion of the text?
Demand for beef speeds destruction of Amazon forestAn international
report says that last year was a very bad year for the Amazon
rainforest in Brazil. Satellite photographs show that almost 26,000
sq km of the worlds largest forest was lost, 40% more than the year
before. The Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) says
that this years loss could be even greater. The main reason for the
loss of forest, or deforestation, is that farmers are cutting down
trees so that they can produce grasslands for their cows. Brazil
exports a lot of beef to Europe and Brazilian beef is very popular
in Europe because there is no mad cow disease in Brazil.The CIFOR
report says that EU countries now buy almost 40% of Brazil's
578,000 tones of exported beef. Egypt, Russia and Saudi Arabia
import 35%. The US takes only 8%. "Beef exports are the main reason
for the damage to the forest, as cattle ranchers are destroying the
rainforests, "said David Kaimowitz, the director general of CIFOR.
He said that logging is not a direct cause of deforestation. The
number of cattle in the Amazon region increased by more than 100%
to 57 million between 1990 and 2002, the report says. "[In that
time] the percentage of Europe's meat imports coming from Brazil
increased from 40% to 74%.la The Americans say that soya farming
for the European market causes deforestation.The CIFOR report does
not agree with this "Soya bean farming in the Amazon region is
increasing but it only causes a small percentage of total
deforestation," it says. The report says that enormous ranching
operations are now controlling the beef export market. "In the
1970s and 1980s small ranchers produced most of the beef in the
Amazon region. They sold it to local slaughterhouses. Now large
commercial ranchers are producing the beef and selling it to
European supermarkets.ls Last month the Brazilian government said
it was going to spend $133 million to help to save the rainforest.
This is a very positive step. Without urgent action to save the
rainforest, a huge area of forest will disappear during the next 18
months. CIFOR says that the Brazilian government must stop ranchers
using government land, stop building roads in the forest, and give
money to people to keep land as forest.Adopted from John Vidal The
Guardian Weekly Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004www.onestopenglish.com
Activity 3 Study the text and Decide whether these sentences are
true or false: 1. Logging is the main cause of deforestation.2.
Brazilian beef is not popular in Europe.3. The US buys more
Brazilian beef than the EU does.4. Soyabean farming causes only a
small percentage of deforestation.5. In the 1970s and 1980s
enormous ranching operations produced most of the beef in the
Amazon region.6. The Brazilian government is spending money to help
save the rainforest. Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3
ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION21 22. Activity 4 Write your responds of the
following analytical exposition text that based on the questions
below !a. What are the main causes of global warming?b. How can
greenhouse gases be controlled? Global warming threatens to kill
off a million speciesRecently a group of scientists published the
first comprehensive study into the effect of higher temperatures on
the natural world. The scientists involved in the research were
shocked by what they found. Over the next 50 years about 25% of
land animals and plants will become extinct.More than 1 million
species will be lost by 2050. The head of the research team, Chris
Thomas, who is professor of conservation biology at Leeds
University, described the results of the research as isterrifying.
The loss represents more than 10% of all plants and animals and a
large part of this is already irreversible because of the extra
global warming gases that are already in the atmosphere. But the
scientists say that immediate action to control greenhouse gases
now could save many more plants and animals from extinction.The
research took two years to complete and provides an assessment of
the effect of climate change on six biologically rich regions of
the world taking in 20% of the land surface. The research in
Europe, Australia, Central and South America, and South Africa,
showed that species living in mountainous areas had a better chance
of survival because they could move uphill to get cooler Professor
Thomas said: "When scientists start a research project they hope to
produce definite results, but we wish we had not found what we
found. It was much, much worse than we expected, and what we have
discovered may even be an underestimate." One of the more shocking
findings of the scientists was that half of the 24 species of
butterfly they studied in Australia would become extinct. In South
Africa, major conservation areas such as the Kruger National Park
could lose up to 60% of the species under their protection, while
more than one third of 300 South African plant species studied were
expected to die out, including the national flower, the King
Protean.A study of 163 tree species in the Cerrito region of Brazil
which covers one fifth of the country, showed that up to 70 would
become extinct. Many of the plants and trees that exist in this
savannah occur nowhere else in the world. In Europe, the continent
least affected by climate change, survival rates were better.
Studies in Mexico's Chihuahua desert confirmed that extinction was
more probable on flatter land because a small change in climate
would mean that plants and animals would have to migrate for huge
distances in order to survive. One third of the 1,870 species that
were studied would be in trouble.Many species are already certain
to become extinct because it takes at least 25 years for the
greenhouse effect - or the trapping of the sun's rays by the carbon
dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide - to have its full effect on the
planet. The continuing production of more greenhouse gases,
particularly by the United States and European nations, is making
matters worse. The research says that, if mankind continues to burn
oil, coal and gas at the current rate, up to one third of all life
forms will be become extinct by 2050. Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2
Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION22 23. WritingActivity 5. Fill
the gaps using these key words from the text.extinct conservation
irreversible species startling migration curb(verb) doomed 1.
____________ means surprising or very unusual. 2. An ____________
condition or situation is one which is impossible tochange or bring
back. 3. If something is ____________ , it is certain to fail or to
be destroyed. 4. An ____________ animal or plant no longer exists.
5. If you ____________ something, you limit or control it. 6.
____________ is the process by which land and water is managed
toprevent it being destroyed or damaged. 7. A ____________ is a
plant or animal group whose members all have similargeneral
features. 8. ____________ is the process of moving to another part
of the world. Activity 6. Look in the text and answer these
questions.1. How many species are expected to be lost by the year
2050?2. How much of the land surface of the world does the report
on global warming cover?3. How many species of butterfly did they
study in Australia?4. How many species of South African plants are
expected to die out?5. How many species were examined in Mexico?6.
How long does it take for the greenhouse effect to have its full
effect on the planet?7. Which gases cause the greenhouse effect?8.
Which human activities produce greenhouse gases? Modul Bahsa
Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION 23 24.
Activity 7Look in the text and find these words:1. A word which
means a wrong idea that something is smaller or less important than
it really is. 2. Another word for size or extent. 3. A noun which
means the process of working together with other people on a
specific project. 4. A noun used to describe a large flat area of
land covered with grass in a warm part of the world. 5. A two-word
verb which means the same as to become extinct. 6. An adjective
which means extremely large. Activity 4 Elaborate on the following
main ideas as an analytical exposition text. Work with a partner 1.
Types of Pollution 2. Air Pollution 3. Water Pollution 4. Soil
Pollution Summary Learning Reflection After learning the lesson in
this Module , you are expected to be able to: 1. respond to someone
fulfilling a request; 2. express feelings of relief, pain, and
pleasure; 3. fulfill someone's request; 4. read analytical
exposition texts; 5. write an analytical exposition text; Now,
answer the questions: 1. What do you say when you get a sudden pain
on your body? 2. What is a thesis in an analytical exposition text?
If you find some difficulties, consult to your teacher or discuss
with your friends. Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3
ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION24 25. Examination Preparation Text I : Old
Europe reuniting East with WestThe crisis in Iraq has created
problems for many countries but now it couldalso have a negative
effect on the European Union and, in particular on the plans
towelcome the Eastern European countries into the EU in 2004.
Jacques Chirac , theFrench president , criticized the Eastern
European countries last week for theirsupport for George Bushs
policy on Iraq. At the end of the EU summit on Iraq inBrussels,
Chirac said their behavior was "childish" and "dangerous".
Poland,Hungary, the Czech Republic and the other EU candidates
should keep quiet, hesaid. "When you are in the family, after all,
you have more rights than when you areasking to join the family,
and you are knocking on the door. "Romania and Bulgariawere
particularly careless, he said, because they were still applying to
join the EU.This was a strong warning . France has never really
liked the plans toenlarge the EU because it sees the enlargement as
a British plan to change thecharacter of the EU. It will be more
difficult for French farmers when Polish farmersare in the EU.
French has been replaced by English as the main language of
theEuropean Union. And , worst of all, the post-communist
governments in War saw,Prague, Budapest , the Baltics, Slovenia and
Slovakia are mostly pro American .Last month Chirac was very angry
when Donald Rumsfeld, the USdefense secretary, criticized France
and Germany as "old Europe" in contrast to thefriendly countries of
"new Europe". The pro-American open letter of five current
EUmembers and three of the new candidates was another example of
the divisionbetween "old" and "new" Europe. France is not the only
country that has criticizedthe Eastern Europe countries. Germany
says that it is wrong for these countries toaccept money from the
EU and then support the Americans. Romano Prodi, thepresident of
the European Commission, said he was "very, very disappointed"
bythe position of the future member states. Chirac even said there
might be areferendum in France on the question of the enlargement
of the European Union .The European Union summit in Copenhagen last
December made the final decisionon enlargement.The treaty for the
10 new members, which include Po l a n d ,Slovakia ,Malta and
Estonia, will be signed in Athens in April . They should join the
EU onMay 1st 2004. The Eastern European countries replied carefully
to the criticism.Bronislaw Geremek , the former Polish foreign
minister, said that France andGermany had not consulted the other
current EU member states over the crisis in Iraq .Some people
recognized that this was s not really an attack on the
EasternEuropean countries. "Every time I have an argument with my
wife I shout at my s on s," explained Romania's prime minister,
Adrian Nastase. France has a problemwith the US and Britain but it
is easier to criticise the Eastern European countries. Modul Bahsa
Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION25 26. 1.
Match the words with their meanings The words Meanings1. a crisis
a. to take the place of something2. to criticise b. to write to ask
for something3. an effectc. a time of great danger or difficulty4.
to apply d. to make something bigger5. a warninge. an agreement
between countries6. to replace f. to say that somebody is wrong or
bad7. to enlarge g. saying that something bad will happen8. a
treaty h. a change that happens because of something 2. Fill the
gaps using the words in the list European foreignpresident
defenceminister the USA 1. Jacques Chirac is the
______________________________ of France.2. George Bush is the
president of ___________________________ .3. Donald Rumsfeld is the
US _________________________ secretary.4. Romano Prodi is the
president of the _______________ Commission.5. Bronislaw Gemerk is
the former Polish _______________ minister.6. Adrian Nastase is the
Romanian prime ___________________ . Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2
Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION26 27. Global warming threatens
to kill off a million speciesThe earth is getting warmer. People
burn coal, oil and gas and this producescarbon dioxide (CO2),
methane and nitrous oxide. These gases, called greenhousegases,
stop the heat of the sun from leaving the earths upper atmosphere
and thismakes the earth warmer, a process called global warming. A
few weeks ago a group ofscientists produced a report about global
warming and the natural world. They wanted to findout if global
warming was dangerous for plants and animals. The scientists were
shocked bywhat they found.They say that during the next 50 years
about 25% of land animals and plants will becomeextinct. More than
1 million plant and animal species will become extinct by 2050. The
headof the research team, Chris Thomas, who is professor of
conservation biology at LeedsUniversity, said the results of their
research were ieterrifyingly . More than 10% of allplants and
animals will become extinct. It is too late to save many plants and
animalsbecause of the greenhouse gases that are already in the
atmosphere. But the scientists say ifwe control greenhouse gases
now, we could save many more plants and animals fromextinction.The
scientists studied some regions of the world with a very rich
biology. These regions wereEurope, Australia, Central and South
America, and South Africa. Their studies showed that speciesliving
in mountainous areas had a better chance of survival because they
couldmove uphill to get cooler. In flat areas, such as deserts,
plants and animals would have tomove very long distances to get
cooler, so they are in greater danger of extinction.The scientists
found many shocking things. For example, they found that half of
the 24species of butterfly they studied in Australia would soon
become extinct. 60% of the species in theKruger National Park in
South Africa would also die out, and more than 100 of the 300 South
Africanplant species they studied would also become extinct. One of
the plants in danger of extinction is thenational flower of South
frica, the King Protea. They studied 163 tree species in the
Cerrado regionof Brazil and found that 70 would become extinct.
Many of the plants and trees that live in this regionlive nowhere
else in the world. In Mexico, they studied 1,870 species and found
that more than 30%of these were in danger of extinction. Global
warming is getting worse. Many countries, particularlythe USA and
the European countries, are continuing to produce greenhouse gases.
We will notknow the true results of this for 25 years but if people
continue to burn oil, coal and gas at the samerate as today, about
30% of all life forms will become extinct by 2050.I. Look in the
text and correct the information in these sentences. 1. 50% of land
animals and plants will become extinct during the next 60 years. 2.
More than 10 million plants and animals will become extinct by
2080. 3. More than 20% of all plants and animals will become
extinct. 4. They studied 12 species of butterfly in Australia. 5.
80% of the species in the Kruger National Park will die out. 6.
They studied 70 species of tree in Brazil. 7. They studied 2,870
species in Mexico. 8. We will not know the true results for 50
years Modul Bahsa Inggris XI SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION27 28. II. Choose the best answer. 1. Why are greenhouse
gases dangerous?a. Because people burn coal, oil and gas.b. Because
they cause global warming.c. Because they stop the heat of the sun
reaching the earth.2. Why is global warming bad for animals and
plants?a. Because many of them will become extinct if global
warming continues.b. Because it is too late to save many plants and
animals.c. Because some regions of the world have a very rich
biology.3. Why do animals in mountainous regions have a better
chance of survival?a. Because they have to move long distances to
get cooler.b. Because they can move uphill to get cooler.c. Because
there are no deserts in mountainous regions.4. What could happen to
the national flower of South Africa? a. It could become extinct. b.
It could grow in the Kruger National Park.c. People could study
it.5. What will happen if people continue to produce greenhouse
gases?a. The earth will get colder. b. We will not know the true
results for 25 years.c. 30% of all life forms will become extinct
by 2050.III. Find the words in the text which mean: 1. Very, very
surprised 2. Very, very frightening3. The opposite of poor 4. A
flat, dry area without many plants or water5. Another expression
for to become extinct6. The opposite of downhill 7. Another word
for regions8. A word which means especially Modul Bahsa Inggris XI
SMAN2 Mataram UNIT 3 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION28
