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Erosion of Earth’s SurfaceErosion of Earth’s Surface
SWBAT identify agents of erosion; SWBAT identify agents of erosion; describe the effects of erosiondescribe the effects of erosion
Agents of ErosionAgents of Erosion
• Erosion– the wearing away and removal of rock or
sediment.
• List the 4 main agents of erosion.– Gravity– Ice– Water– Wind
GravityGravity
• Mass movement – when gravity alone causes rock or sediment
to move down a slope.
• What is the main force that causes all of these mass movements to happen?– Gravity
Mass MovementsMass Movements
• Creep– The process in which sediments move slowly
downhill.– This is common were freezing and thawing
occur
Mass MovementsMass Movements
• Slump– Occurs when a mass of rock or sediment
moves downhill, leaving a curved scar.– These are most common thick layers of loose
sediment.
Mass MovementsMass Movements
• Rock slides– Layers of rock break loose from slopes and
slide to the bottom.– They can reach speeds higher than 250 km/h.– Most commonly occur in mountainous areas.
Mass MovementsMass Movements
• Mudflows– A mass of wet sediment flows downhill over
the ground surface.– Happens where heavy rains or melting snow
and ice saturate sediments.– Can reach speeds of 160 km/h.
IceIce
• What are the two types of glaciers?– Valley glacier
• Glaciers that form in valleys in high, mountainous areas
– Continental glacier • Glaciers that cover broad continent-sized areas
• How do glaciers erode rock?– Ice can pull pieces of cracked rock out and
carry it along, scratching earth’s surface as it moves, creating grooves or striations.
WindWind
• Deflation – when wind blows across loose sediment like
silt and sand, it lifts and carries it.
• Abrasion – makes pits in rocks and produces smooth,
polished surfaces.
• Both deflation and abrasion are caused by what eroding agent?– Wind
WaterWater
• Runoff – water that flows over Earth’s surface.
• What are some landforms that can be created from erosion?– Canyons – Valleys– Hills– Sandbars– Deltas
Get your lab notebookGet your lab notebook
• Title: Can evidence of sheet erosion be seen in a farm field?
• With a partner read the applying science box on page 329.
• Complete number 1-3 under solving the problem in your lab notebooks.
With a partnerWith a partner
• Answer questions 1-5 on page 331.
• Be sure to answer in complete sentences, restating the question.
• Finish for homework