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Episcopalian Church
By: Tim Zellmer
&
Travis Birklid
Outline
History of Episcopalian Church Structure of the Episcopalian Church Episcopalian Faith Community Life Our Experience at St. Mary’s Episcopalian
Church
Episcopalian History
Canterbury; first diocese of Church of England
Created by St. Augustine; first archbishop
Built in 597; Oldest Dioceses of the Church of England
Symbol of Anglican Unity
Episcopalian History
The Reformation in England called for a gradual Protestantization
Part of Reforming the Catholic Church was establishing new institutions
Brought on the possibility of new ideas and religions
The 16th Century- Reformation in England
Episcopalian History
King Henry VIII- Originally Devout Catholic and defender of the faith.
Through marriage, connections, and offspring, this would change 1509- Married Catherine of Aragon
talked with Thomas Cranmer about marriage annulment Cranmer believed in Martin Luther’s ways Cranmer and King Henry became good friends Cranmer became Archbishop of Canterbury
The 16th Century- Reformation in England
Episcopalian History
King Henry married Anne Boleyn in 1533 Together produced daughter Elizabeth King Henry sought for male heir to throne but Anne couldn’t
produce Cranmer annulled another marriage
King Henry married Jane Seymour in 1536 Together produced son Edward Finally a male heir to the throne
The 16th Century- Reformation in England
Episcopalian History
Edward took the throne in 1547 at the age of nine During his reign England gradually moved towards a more radical
Protestantism In 1549 and 1552 Edward mandated books of Common Prayer,
which were largely authored by Cranmer July 6th, 1553, Edward dies at the age of 15 from Tuberculosis
No male heir to throne Elizabeth I (from marriage to Anne Boleyn) took throne in 1558
Established Anglicanism as the official church of England
The 16th Century- Reformation in England
Episcopalian History
Church of England in controversy with Puritans of Church of England and Roman Catholics
Richard Hooker looks to resolve conflict with Three Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity The Anglican Middle Way The Three Legged Stool Sacramental Sharing in divine life through God’s incarnation in
Jesus
The 17th Century- Making Ground
Episcopalian History
The Anglican Middle Way: Hooker determined that the church could maintain stability with the past while accommodating changes that a new situation might require, thus creating Anglicanism- a way between the extremes of radical Protestantism and Roman Catholicism.
The Three Legged Stool: Hooker stated that “scripture is the oracle of God.” Since it is read for human reasoning in the context of a tradition of worship and belief, people learn about God through scripture, tradition, and reason.
Sacramental Sharing in the Divine Life: Hooker emphasized the importance of Incarnation in Anglican theology. Through God taking on human form He gave holiness to the world, allowed people to become part of the divine life, and He gave the basis for Baptism and Eucharist, where people become the children of God.
The 17th Century- Making Ground
Episcopalian History
The effects on America (the colonies)- Colonization of America- brought Anglicanism to the colonies in
hope of separation from monarchy control of church At start of Revolution, Anglicanism is second largest religion Through revolution, not only gained control of colonies from
England but control of own religion as well 1789- Brought on new independent church with own church
government and own book of Common Prayer The new principles adopted by the Episcopal Churches in the
United States Three-fold ministry of bishops, priests, and deacons
The 18th Century- Revolution
Episcopalian History
The new principles adopted by the Episcopal Churches in the United States Three-fold ministry of bishops, priests, and deacons Determined that the church would be ruled by government of
clergy and laity councils Said that the American Church would be new form of the Church
of England
The 18th Century- Revolution
Episcopalian History
Three major movements-
Evangelical Movement
Catholic Revival
Broad Church Movement
The 19th Century- Movements
Episcopalian History
Evangelical Movement Large focus on missionary work Decided to send bishops as missionaries
Other large movements of the time Social reform Care for the poor Personal Reform
Heavy focus on the education of slaves
The 19th Century- Movements
Episcopalian History
Catholic Revival This called for a return to the practices of the ancient church with
emphasis on The church as a divine society in its sacramental relationship with
God through Eucharist and Baptism The church as “the extension of the incarnation” and being
connected to the spiritual presence of the incarnate Christ Realign the church with the doctrinal traditions of the first
centuries
The 19th Century- Movements
Episcopalian History
The Broad Church Movement A time of crisis and question in the Episcopalian Church
Questions arose about miracles and creation of humans. Was there a real flood? A real Exodus? Did God create humans
or was Darwin correct? The best answer to these questions lied in a major publication
called Lux Mundi: A Series of Studies in the Religion of the
Incarnation Emphasized the Incarnate God Revealed the strong sense that God has had through
history of the world
The 19th Century- Movements
History:MN Diocese
Created 148 years ago Bishop Henry Benjamin
Whipple Popular with Native Americans Baptized at Fort Snelling
Bishop of the MN Diocese today: James Louis Jelinek
Worldwide
2.3 million members of Episcopal Church In “Communion” with Anglican Church
80 million Anglican members 164 countries globally 37 provinces worldwide
U.S. South America Africa Europe
Worldwide
Minneapolis, MN 1st Hmong Episcopalian Church in World Talks about creating 1st parish in Thailand Created Nov. 3, 2005 St. Mark’s Cathedral
Rev. Dr. Winfred Vergara 600 members[175 are baptized]
Governance/Structure
Parish Dioceses Province National Church
**Episcopal Church is “Autonomous” There are elected leaders, but no ONE person is
considered the leader like the R.C. & the Pope.
Governance/Structure: Parish Rector
Self sustaining church Means “ruler” in latin
Vicor Non-sustaining church[missionary] Means “one who represents another”
Vestry Elected officials Manage finance and property of church “Wardens” – chair and vice chair
**Have annual Parish Meetings***
Governance/Structure: Dioceses
Latin word “Dioecesis” Means: Administration
Territory of land that contains 20-200 parishes
Directed by Bishop and Diocesan Council
Governance/Structure: National Church Headed by executive council and Presiding
Bishop Considered chief Reverend Visits every diocese Consults bishops and diocesan reps
Governance/Structure: National Church Hold General Convention every 3 years Made up of 2 houses
House of Bishops: every bishop House of deputies: 4 lay and 4 clergy from each dioceses
2003 General convention, Minneapolis: Major issue: first gay bishop elected
Bishop Gene Robinson 2006 General convention:
Major issue: 2 candidates for bishop are a lesbian and a gay man
Service book
Book of Common Prayer Rite II Passages from Bible Lectionaries
Daily office Holy Eucharist
Creeds Apostles’ Creed Nicene Creed Athanasian Creed [isn’t used much]
Catechisms Summary of religious doctrine
Early: test for converts; memorized before baptism or confirmed Today: used as a tool to study the church’s doctrine and faith
Service Book
Calendar for Church Liturgies for:
Special days Holy Baptism Holy eucharist Pastoral Offices Episcopal Services
4 daily liturgies used
Service Book: Table of Context Book of Common Prayer Table of Context The Daily Office (p. 37) The Great Litany (p. 148) The Collects: Traditional (p. 159) The Collects: Contemporary (p. 211) Proper Liturgies for Special Days (p. 264) Holy Baptism (p. 299) Holy Eucharist (p. 316) Pastoral Offices (p. 413) Episcopal Services (p. 511) The Psalters or Psalms of David (p. 585) Prayers and Thanksgiving (p. 810) An Outline of Faith or Catechism (p. 845) Historical Documents of the Church (p. 864) Tables for Finding the Date of Easter (p. 880) The Lectionary (p. 888) Daily Office Lectionary (p. 934)
Paschal Year:
Advent 2 Advents
Jesus coming as an infant[birth] Jesus 2nd coming in glory
Christmas Celebrate the birth of Jesus & the incarnation
Lent Prepare for Easter Period for repentence
Easter
Paschal Year & Colors
Advent-Purple/blue Christmas-White Epiphany-Green Lent-Purple Easter-White Pentecost-Red Everyday-Green
Episcopalian Faith
Put emphasis on the Trinity Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
Use of Trinitarian Framework Focus on the creation,
incarnation, and sacramental universe
Seen in art and architecture: ex-triptyche
Sacraments
Believe in the 7 sacraments 2 performed by Christ
Baptism Communion
5 sacrament rites Reconcilliation Confirmation Marriage Ordination Unction
Initiation: Baptism
Held on special days: Easter Vigil [most popular] Day of Pentecost All Saints Day Baptism of our Lord Visit from Bishop
Held in the middle of worship service Front and Center
Initiation: Baptism
Baptism allows you to participate in the eucharist
Don’t need to be “re-baptized” into the Episcopalian Church
Infant and Adult baptisms Adult: becoming more prevalent
Infants sometimes dressed in “Christening Gowns”
Initiation: Baptism
-Hmong Baptism [believe its at -Infant baptism in Edina
St. Mark’s Cathedral
Initiation: Confirmation
Is the coming forward and individual commitment to live in the Christian faith “Mature affirmation of faith”
Bishops confirm or receive new members Annual visit Sign up and attend courses[12]
Age: High School
Initiation: Eucharist
Must be baptized Every Sunday Unlevened wafers Red Wine Belief: Do not believe in “Transubstiation” but rather
in “Mystery” Jesus is present spiritually; transforms bread into the
spiritual presences of Jesus Beyond human comprehension Better we believe and trust Him
Initiation: Eucharist
Form: extend hands, right cupped over the left Receive and eat the bread Lightly hold cup
Sip Dunk bread
Cross arms if you do not want wine Receive prayer or blessing instead
Marriage
At least one member must be baptized “Unity Candle” isn’t typical, but can be used Belief:
Divorce: Doesn’t cut you off from God R.C.-don’t acknowledge divorce, remarriage is adultery,
can’t receive communion afterwards Remarriage: acceptable
unction
Anointing with Holy Oil It is sacramental in that through the oil (the outward
sign) a person is made aware of the special Grace of God working in his/her life (the spiritual grace). It is most often used for healing a person who is sick in mind, body, or spirit (healing refers to the acceptance of the sick person of God's will and purpose for him during the uncertainty of illness).
Reconcilliation
Some should, all may, no one MUST go to confession
You should if you break any of the 10 commandments, as long as you are truly sorry
If you do: usually during lent or advent Ash Wednesday and Good Friday
Every worship: Public confession “Kneel/stand and admit things we should have done and
things we have left undone”
Ordination
Performed only by Bishops “Ordination is the rite in which God gives
authority and the grace of the Holy Spirit to those being made bishops, priests, and deacons, through prayer and the laying on of hands by bishops.”
Our Experience: St. Mary’s Episcopalian Church 1895 Laurel Ave. St. Paul, MN 55104 The Reverend LeeAnne Watkins about 250 members Established 120 years ago
In 1925 moved to current location
St. Mary’s Floorplan
Our Visual Experience
Placement Altar placed far back in sanctuary (2 Altars)
Second altar on Epistle Side Lectern on Epistle Side (1 Lectern)
Elevated and extended towards congregation Presidential Chair (Bishop’s Chair) (1 Chair)
Epistle side of Sanctuary Baptistery (One Baptismal Font)
Baptismal font isolated on Epistle side
Our Visual Experience
Placement Creedence Table
Located on right side of altar against the wall, open Choir Seating
Pews reserved in chancel Musical Instruments
Organ, located in chancel across from choir Bell choir, Gospel side wing
Our Visual Experience
Places of reservation Sanctuary during Eucharist
Reverend, Acolytes, Chalice bearer Pews for the choir
Area for Bell Choir
Our Visual Experience
Usage Sanctuary
Eucharist Chancel
Music, Readings, Sermon Baptistery
Baptism
Our Visual Experience
Vesture Acolytes wearing albs Priest wearing alb and chasuble
For Eucharist Choir wearing blue robes
Our Visual Experience
Importance Baptistery, has separate space reserved for the
special occasion, Marble font Altar, Elevated by sets of stairs
Scale Everything was human scale
Our Visual Experience
Assembly Space Priests and choir located in elevated chancel
space Laity standing or sitting in pews of nave
Movement Pews promote standing or sitting and little
movement Central Aisle promotes movement of many
activities, preaching, Gospel reading, Eucharist, opening procession
Visual-Chancel
Visual-Sanctuary
Visual-Sanctuary
Visual
Our Acoustic Experience
Language English
Relationship with language and music Music clarifies service
i.e. Psalm reading was sung as an Antiphon
Ritual Interaction Antiphonal chant during Eucharist
Accessibility no professional skills required, easy to sing along
with
Our Acoustic Experience
Form Traditional Hymns and Psalmody
Style Traditional church music Chants, Antiphons
Timbre Organ
Our Acoustic Experience
Primacy Reinforces Eucharist Psalm reading
Congregation involved
Complexity Organ accompaniment
Our Kinetic Experience
Posture Frequent Standing Sitting
Sermon, Readings, Offering, Eucharist Kneeling
Prayers of the People, while receiving communion
Actions Sharing the Peace Eucharist
Our Kinetic Experience
Procession and Dance Opening Procession
Crucifer, “twinkle bells”, Acolytes, Choir, Reverend holding up Book of Common Prayer
Gesture Shaking of hands for Sharing Peace Receiving Communion
Right hand cupped over left hand
THE ENDQUESTIONS???