Environmental Monitoring Report 2862/63/64-BAN(SF ......Environmental Monitoring Report Project Number: 42169-013 Annual Report November 2015 2862/63/64-BAN(SF): Greater Dhaka Sustainable

Environmental Monitoring Report

Project Number: 42169-013 Annual Report November 2015

2862/63/64-BAN(SF): Greater Dhaka Sustainable

Urban Transport Project

Prepared by Roads and Highways Department (RHD) for the People’s Republic of Bangladesh

and the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh

Ministry of Road Transport and Bridges

Road Transport and Highways Division

Roads and Highways Department

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

of

GREATER DHAKA SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT (BRT, GAZIPUR-

AIRPORT)

(ADB Loan No-2862/2863/2864/0287-BAN)

Office of the Project Director

GDSUTP (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)

House # 04, Road # 21

Sector# 04, Uttara

Dhaka-1230

E-mail: [email protected]

November 2015

Submitted to:

Asian Development bank

mailto:[email protected]

1 Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur- Airport)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Project

The Government of Bangladesh has received ADB assistance to finance the first section of the north-south

bus rapid transit corridor from Gazipur to Uttara (near the airport). The 20 km BRT will connect to the BRT

corridor to be implemented with World Bank assistance leading to a 40 km mass-transit corridor from

Gazipur to Dhaka city centre.

Purpose of the Report

The environmental impact assessment (EIA) and this subsequent Environmental Monitoring Report is part

of the process of compliance with the Government of Bangladesh and ADB guidelines in relation to Road

Improvement Project under Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT, Gazipur-Airport).

The EIA provides a road map to the environmental measures needed to prevent and/or mitigate negative

environmental effects associated with the development project. The EIA also provides a detailed description

of the direct and indirect environmental effects associated with the proposed project during key periods of

work.

Significant Findings

Anticipated environmental impacts: It has been recognized that the most efficient and cost-effective way

to ensure environmentally sound construction and operation of a project is to include environmental

safeguard requirements in the construction contract. In order to formulate practical safeguards environmental

impacts were identified in the EIA process. A summary of the environmental impacts and mitigation

measures are presented below.

Climate Change: Impact- Climate change will impact water levels of rivers and other water bodies both in

magnitude and frequency as a secondary effect. Mitigation- Additional road height, culverts and bridge

clearance will be required to combat climate change impacts.

Topography: Impact-. If not selected and managed carefully, the borrow pits can lead to degradation of

agricultural land. Mitigation- Borrow pits will be located in suitable fallow land or private land with

concurrence of landowner, with agreed borrow pit rehabilitation plan.

Removal of Trees: Impact- Implementation of the project, particularly during the pre-construction, stage

will require removal of 4716 big and small trees of different species along the project alignment and bus

depot area. Mitigation-. Based on the Tree Planting Guidelines, presented as Annex 5, a tree-cutting and

replanting plan (TCRP) will be prepared by the RHD in consultation with the Forest Department and EPCM

Consultants.

Land Acquisition: Impact- One of the major project related impacts will be additional land acquisition for

the RoW that will cause adverse impacts on the affected residents of the project area. Mitigation- Restricting

land acquisition to the bare minimum required and developing proper and judicious compensation package

for project affected persons (PAPs) and affecting compensation prior to start of construction.

Educational Institution, Places of Worship and Culturally Sensitive Structures: Impact- There is a few

educational, religious, and cultural sites that may be directly and indirectly affected by the project activities

the monument “Jagroto Chowrongi’ will also be affected. Mitigation- the RAP will include provision for

allocating financial resources for rehabilitation of the educational institutions and the religious structures that


will be affected. The monument will be dismantled with care and installed in an appropriate location

selected by DC, Gazipur.

Public Utilities: Impact- Project activities may affect public utilities causing disruption of public services

and inconvenience to local residents. Mitigation- Provision for relocating the existing utility infrastructure

wherever required and relocation to be completed before start of construction.

The Bridge Site: Impact- In pre-construction phase the major impacts are, deterioration of water quality

during boring; generation of noise and vibration during geotechnical investigation; and interruption of river

flow due to soil investigation; Mitigation- The boring sites will be separated with partitions thus ensuring

minimum contamination of river water. Investigation will be carried out with mitigation measures to

minimize the impacts.

The Airport and Gazipur Terminal Sites: Impact- Apart from interruptions to utility services the main

impact will be disruption of traffic. Mitigation- Utility services will have to be relocated well ahead of the

construction services with notice to consumers. Alternative routes will have to be included in the Traffic

Management Plan to allow for through traffic and traffic to Airport.

The Gazipur Bus Depot: Impact- The impacts are the relocation of the household in the land and loss of

retention area and connectivity to other pond areas and paddy land. Further, around 586 trees will have to be

removed. Mitigation- Canals will have to be provided to facilitate flows in the pond system to ensure flow of

water to other ponds in the area of which a part is to be filled. Additional pond area will have to be provided

to compensate loss of retention area. The family to be relocated will have to be included in the Resettlement

Action Plan and the loss of trees will be compensated with planting and replacement of tree program

provided under the TCRP/EMP.

Top Soil: Impact- The potential impacts are removal of top soil for construction and construction related

activities. Mitigation- Mitigation include, stockpiles to be of 2:1 slope to reduce surface runoff and enhance

percolation, locating topsoil stockpiles in areas outside of drainage lines and constructing diversion channels

and silt fences.

Air Quality and Dust: Impact- Pollutants of primary concern include Total Suspended Particulate matter

(TSP) and Particulate Matter (PM10). Localized emissions are also anticipated from hot mix plants and

batching plants. Whereas the coarse particle will settle down in close vicinity the smaller particles will

spread out to surrounding areas. Mitigation- The stockpiles of construction material will be sprinkled with

water. Water should be sprayed at asphalt mixing site and temporary service and access roads. After

compacting, water should be sprayed on the earthwork regularly to prevent dust. Construction equipment

will be maintained to a good standard and idling of engines should be discouraged. Machinery causing

excessive pollution (e.g. visible clouds of smoke) will be banned from construction sites. The Contractor(s)

will submit a dust suppression program to EPCM Consultants prior to start of construction.

Noise and Vibration: Impact- During construction, noise is likely to be generated from site clearing,

excavation, concrete mixing, crushers, piling for bridge and flyovers construction. Vibrations caused by

movements of heavy construction equipment, pile driving operations, operation of crushing and aggregating

plants will disturb the local residents unless operation times are fixed by discussing with local

representatives. The vibration caused by some of the construction activities such as the roller compaction of

the embankment, movement of heavy material transport vehicles, driving of piles and erection of bridges

may be detrimental to the neighboring structures. Mitigation- Selection of latest equipment and plant with

reduced noise levels, suitable in-built damping techniques and appropriate muffling devices. All powered

mechanical equipment and machinery will be fitted with noise abating gear such as mufflers for effective

sound reducing, in full compliance with the DoE regulations. Precaution will be taken to minimize vibration


and the resulting impact. Noise and vibration monitoring will be carried out as per the proposed monitoring

plan.

Surface Water: Impact- Increase in Total Suspended Solids (TSS) level in river water and surface water

contamination in the open water bodies in the vicinity of construction sites and camps are the potential

impacts. Mitigation- Proper construction management including, training of operators and other workers will

be ensured to avoid pollution of water bodies by the operation of construction machinery and equipment.

Temporary construction facilities including pre-casting sites and material stockpiles will be located at least

50 m away from water bodies. Disposal of wash water, solid waste as discarded packing etc., waste from

concrete agitator cleaning operations and excavated material on water bodies adjacent to or in the vicinity of

the sites will be avoided.

Groundwater: Impact- Uncontrolled extraction of water may affect availability of water to local

communities. In addition, construction waste, if left unattended, will result in percolation of leachate through

the soil strata reaching the ground water table contaminating it. Mitigation- It is necessary that arrangement

for safe drinking water is made prior to start of work. The contractors will use water in consideration to its

value as a valuable resource. The ground water reserves will be adequately protected as mentioned in the

EMP from any source of contamination, such as construction and oily waste that will degrade its potable

quality.

Waste Generation: Impact- The construction wastes will include wastewater, oil spillage from machinery

and solid waste etc. Mitigation- Wastewater from contractor’s workshop and equipment washing yards

would be passed through traps and gravel/sand beds to remove oil/grease contaminants before discharging it

into permitted recipient system. Solid waste will be disposed at designated sites and no waste will be

disposed in productive agricultural fields. The hazardous waste will be transported to nearby treatment

facility.

Materials Exploitation, and Management of Quarry and Borrow Areas: Impact- Materials exploitation,

quarries and borrowing will generate a multitude of adverse impacts as, noise and air pollution,

contamination of water bodies etc. Mitigation- A draft materials management plan (MMP) will be prepared

to minimize the use of non-renewable resources and rock-based materials, and also to balance cut and fill

requirements which will contribute to the minimization of impacts. A transportation plan for the aggregate

and asphalt materials will be prepared by the contractor in consultation with EPCM consultants. Contractual

clauses will be included to require the contractors to update the draft MMP regularly and report monthly on

the production and use of materials.

Spoil Disposal: Impact- There will be a surplus of rock and soil based materials as spoil, and if disposal is

not planned in advance there will be impacts and environmental degradation due to improper disposal.

Mitigation- A Waste and Spoil Management Plan (WSMP) will be prepared by the Contractor.

General Construction Waste Management: Impact- Uncontrolled waste disposal operations can cause

significant impacts. Mitigation- Mitigation measures will seek to reduce, recycle, and reuse waste as far as

practicable. The general waste section of the WSMP will include consideration of all matters related to solid

and liquid waste disposal.

Hazardous Materials and Hazardous Waste Disposal: Impact- Use of hazardous substances such as oils

and lubricants can cause significant impacts if not properly controlled, or if waste is not disposed of

correctly. Mitigation- The mitigation measures will include ensuring that safe storage of fuel, other

hazardous substances, and bulk materials are agreed on by PIU/EPCM Consultant, and have necessary

approval/ permit from DoE and local authorities. Hydrocarbon, toxic materials, and explosives will be stored

in adequately protected sites consistent with national and local regulations to prevent soil and water


contamination. Equipment/vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites

designed to contain spilled lubricants and fuels.

Asphalt Hot Mix Plant, Rock Crushing, and Bitumen Supply: Impact- Rock crushing activities will

generate noise and dust, and asphalt hot-mix plant and pavement works will generate gaseous products and

odor while compaction of the pavement will also generate noise and dust. Mitigation- Cement batching and

aggregate mixing plants will be located as far as possible (at least 500 m from settlements near the project

corridor, or as required by environmental regulations. All conditions of DoE permits and local guidelines

will be observed.

Fisheries: Impact- Within the area 100m to 1km distance from the corridor there are ponds and ditches,

where commercial and subsistence fishery is practiced. Loss of fish productivity in the pond fishery along

the road due to pollution and filling of the ponds area may affect the fishery during the construction period.

Mitigation- Adequate cross drainage structures will be provided for all ditch areas and ponds on both sides

of the road. No construction will be undertaken during high flood when water depth usually reaches a

maximum of 6m.

Land Use: Impact- Temporary changes such as loss of top soil, soil compaction are expected in areas which

are used for construction sites, access roads, and construction camps. These changes could affect agricultural

crops and social forestry trees. Mitigation- Top soil of the borrow areas will be stock plied and preserved for

rehabilitation of borrow areas and tree planting. The borrow pits will be rehabilitated and used for tree

plantation using the preserved top soil. GoB has adopted the practice of encouraging construction of

roadway embankment with river sand rather than clayey agricultural soil. The same option is proposed for

the project road.

Traffic Congestion: Impact- As construction activities will cause serious disruptions to traffic flow, traffic

jams and delays may escalate to levels that would be unacceptable to the road users. Construction vehicles

would also add to traffic jams. People passing through road crossings at interchanges will also be

inconvenienced due to movement of vehicles carrying construction materials. Mitigation- This impact can

be mitigated by providing a proper traffic management plan. The Traffic management Plan to be prepared by

the Contractor in consultation with EPCM Consultant will include details of alternative routes, facilitating

crossing and phasing out and sequencing construction activities.

Income and Employment: Impact- Normal living conditions of the local people will be affected for a

certain period of time during construction. Income loss may also result by the loss of agricultural land. On

the other hand, during construction activities, local unemployed people will have an opportunity to be

employed by the Project. Mitigation- Relocation of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) in suitable locations

with assistance for moving, income restitution and rebuilding social capital and infrastructure will be carried

out as per the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP).

Health and Safety of Community: Impact- The construction activities and vehicular movement at

construction sites and access roads may result in road accidents particularly affecting local communities.

Borrow pits located near the residential areas may cause accidents and become health hazards during the

monsoons. Mitigation- Mitigation measures include, awareness building on road safety among the drivers,

provision of proper safety and diversion signage, providing designated pedestrian and vehicular passages.

The laborer force will be monitored with regard to their health focusing on transmittable diseases and

workers with such diseases should be restricted to camp premises as soon as detection is made and

withdrawn for treatment. HIV / AIDS awareness and prevention program will be implemented.

Sanitation and Vector-Borne Diseases: Impact- Depressions in the ground that allow stagnant puddles to

form are ideal breeding areas for malaria and dengue and other disease carrying mosquitoes. Outdoor

equipment storage, including used tires will also provide breeding places. Mitigation- The contractor will


ensure that stagnant water and puddles are avoided by filling, and stored construction materials, tyres and

empty storage drums are inspected every week to prevent water collection. Measures to prevent malaria and

similar vector borne diseases will be implemented (e.g., provision of insecticide-treated mosquito nets to

workers).

Occupational Health and Safety: Impact- Safety risks and health issues arise from storage, handling and

transport of hazardous construction material. Construction workers are also at risk of accidents due to

moving vehicles, and other construction related activities. Mitigation- Mitigation measures include,

provision of obligatory insurance for laborers/workers, providing basic medical training to specified work

staff and basic medical service and supplies to workers, providing a layout plan for camp site, indicating

safety and contingency measures in case of accidents, providing protection devices (ear muffs, masks) and

provision of protective clothing.

Noise, Vibration and Air quality during Operation phase: After BRT corridor is completed road

conditions will improve and a new bus fleet will be in operation resulting in decrease in noise levels and air

pollution. With the improvement in road pavement and reduced congestion vibrations level will also

decrease. However, a monitoring program for noise and air quality has been proposed in the Environmental

Management Plan.

Road Safety: Impact- The introduction of the BRT and widening of the usable width of the road will

improve traveling conditions along the BRT corridor which will increase road safety. At the same time,

improved road conditions may lead to more vehicles and high speed which could result in traffic accidents.

Mitigation-Mitigation measures include strict enforcement of speed limits, installation of speed cameras and

channelization of traffic with respect to categories and enforcement of penalties for violators. Additional

signage, and road markings will be introduced to reduce traffic hazards. Further, in accident-prone areas

proper lighting and visibility improvement arrangements will be carried out.

Bus Depot: Impacts- Accidental spills and leakage of fuels is to be anticipated in the fuelling area. In the

storage area spillage of Engine cooling liquids, Used motor oil and used transmission oil will be a problem

that can have significant adverse impacts if these find their way in to soil, surface or ground water. The wash

water from washing areas will contain oil and grease in addition to dust and particulate matter from exhaust.

Diesel combustion gases generated in repair and maintenance areas are rich in carbon oxide. Further, where

repair /maintenance work is performed on wet vehicles the floor may become slippery and may cause

accidents affecting the safety of the workers. Mitigation- Mitigation measures are, all spillage of liquids

including diesel, oils, grease and waters will be collected in a central area and drained to a common location

and will be treated by decantation and oil and grease traps to separate oil and grease. Used engine cooling

liquids, used motor oil and used transmission oil will be stored in leak proof containers and disposed of

safely using approved methods. All work stations will be equipped with devices for complete evacuation of

the engine exhaust gases. Further, the workshop will be equipped with CO detectors. The floor covering will

be of material that it is easy to clean and is slip resistant.

Recommendations

Environmental Management Plans. All the above mitigation measures have been included in the

environmental management plan (EMP) which is proposed to be implemented together with the Project. The

EMP attached as Chapter 6 has been prepared to be used as a standalone document in the bid documents,

too.

The EMP also includes parties responsible for implementation and supervision of implementation of the

mitigation measures. Further the EMP provides a cost estimate for the proposed mitigation action and

Monitoring Plan to check the efficiency and outcome of implementing the mitigation measures. A schedule


for implementation of the mitigation measures is also provided. Separate EMPs have been prepared for the

elevated section of the BRT and Gazipur Bus Depot.

Information disclosure, consultation, and participation. The public consultation process disseminated

information to all key stakeholders, including the general public and authorities, through meetings and focus

group discussions along the project corridor. Information was provided in advance on the scale and scope of

the project works, expected impacts, and the proposed mitigation measures by means of consultations with

government departments, utilities, educational institutions, local authorities, and the general public. The

process also gathered information on concerns and opinions of the stakeholders and these have been adopted

in the project design and EIA preparation.

Grievance redress mechanism (GRM). A GRM has been proposed to receive, evaluate and facilitate the

resolution of affected people’s concerns, complaints, and grievances. The GRM aims to provide a time

bound and transparent mechanism to voice out and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to the

project.

Conclusion

The major impacts of the project are on air quality and noise level, loss of trees, hydrology/drainage,

occupational health and safety, socio-economic environment of PAPs, and risk of accidents.

In respect to Air quality and Noise level the project is expected to significantly decrease noise levels and air

pollution which are, at present, above the DoE specified levels. Other beneficial impacts are availability of

temporary employment opportunities during construction.

Notwithstanding that the other impacts are significant and adverse these can be mitigated with the proposed

mitigation measures with no residual impacts on the environment.

In conclusion, the project will be mostly beneficiary one through addressing mitigation measures proposed

for different phases. The implementing agencies (RHD, BBA and LGED) are committed to implementing

these measures and have fully endorsed the IEE which is the basis for the EMP. They will also ensure that

the work will be carried out in an environmentally acceptable manner and the monitoring and reporting are

completed in a compliant and timely fashion, acceptable to both DoE and ADB.


CHAPTER 1

PROJECT BACKGROUND

Background

Public transportation in Bangladesh is inadequate to meet the growing demand for efficient travel and,

therefore, transportation has become a major issue in the capital, Dhaka, which has a very high population

density. Increasing traffic congestion is becoming a serious impediment to mobility in the city and will cause

environmental, social, and economic impacts. While vehicle use is increasing most of the population still

relies on bus and rickshaw services. However, the public transport system lacks service quality and the

capacity to meet the ever increasing travel demand. This in turn affects social conditions, urban

environment, and quality of life.

With urban growth, the demand for energy by the polluting sectors, notably the transport sector, is likely to

grow manifold. This in turn will lead to the rise of local pollutants as well as greenhouse gas (GHG)

emissions.

With rapid motorization, the situation in road-based traffic collisions deteriorates, mostly affecting

pedestrians (thus the poorest). They are particularly at risk from the greater variety and intensity of traffic

mix and the lack of separation from other road users. This safety issue becomes even more acute when

looked at from a gender perspective where 80% of garment workers are women and a large portion of them

commute on foot. Working women are in great need of good transport services.

Need of the Project

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is a metropolis of around 12.5 million residents with a density of

45,500 people/km² in the core area. Dhaka has an annual population growth rate of 6.4%, which if continued

will lead to a doubling of the population by 2025. An estimated of 300,000 to 400,000 people, mostly poor

from rural areas, migrated annually to the metropolitan area. The high population density in limited

habitable land area with limited infrastructure results in tremendous congestion and constrain the ability of

the urban transport system to provide mobility for all people.

Greater Dhaka is one of the least motorised cities in the world but there is a high volume of non-motorised

vehicles. About 60% of the vehicles are cycle rickshaws. All vehicle types have to share the infrastructure

with each other and with pedestrians, for whom conditions are very poor. The available road capacity is

poorly used due to inadequate traffic management, particularly at junctions where delays are commonplace

as vehicles compete for precedence.

To ensure a sustainable future for Dhaka, public transport focused on people's mobility needs and

accessibility, has to be improved and given priority over simple road projects.

Therefore, in order to improve the road based public transport system, the Government of Bangladesh has

received ADB assistance in financing the first section of a north-south bus rapid transit corridor from

Gazipur to Uttara (near the airport). The implementation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) services along this

section is a critical first step as the demand for a fast and efficient transportation system is increasing rapidly

with the expanding population in the area Dhaka to Gazipur and its sub-urban areas.


Project Objectives

The project goal and objectives and outcomes are in conformity with the National Land Transport Policy1

(NLTP) (MoC, 2004) approved by the Cabinet in April 2004, with 12 main objectives.

As the Project has been planned to provide a safe and dependable public transport system with a new and

efficient bus fleet it complies with the NLTP objective of providing a safe and dependable transport service

and by the deployment of new vehicles and equipment to provide a modern service the project complies with

the NLTP objective of expansion of the role of transport in the ever increasing economic activities. Further

as the proposed project has been designed to provide an efficient transport system within Greater Dhaka it

complies with the NLTP objective of formulation of a transport system for Dhaka city (Greater Dhaka).

With the provision of an efficient new fleet of buses operating in dedicated lanes without traffic congestion,

fuel consumption would be reduced as will emission of exhaust gases and particulate matter, thus complying

with the NLTP objective to maintain an economic and environmental balance.

The proposed project complies with Dhaka's urban transport sector priorities by following some of the

recommendations of the Strategic Transport Plan approved by the government in 2008. The Project is also

well aligned with ADB’s recent strong focus on urban transport, as outlined in Sustainable Transport

Initiative Operational Plan2 (ADB, 2010).

The project will ensure close coordination with other development partners in the urban transport sector. The

corridor selected for the project will connect with the BRT corridor to be undertaken by World Bank under

the Clean Air and Sustainable Environment project, leading ultimately to the implementation of a 40 km

mass-transit corridor, from Gazipur to Dhaka city centre. It is therefore crucial to coordinate both projects to

ensure full operational and technical integration. With the ADB section having more chances to be

implemented first, its demonstration effect will ease the implementation of the World Bank section. The

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) recently undertook the Dhaka Urban Transport Network

Development Study, focusing on the feasibility of a metro route. Potential synergy can be found with this

project, notably in capacity building and necessary organizational developments, to improve the

management of Dhaka's Urban Transport System (UTS).

Description of the Project

The project is the first in a series of planned BRT lines in Dhaka, and is approximately 20 km from the

southern terminal, near the international airport, to the Gazipur Depot. The existing alignment is on the

National Highway 3 (NH3) from the Airport to Joydevpur Chowrasta. The first 4 km of the alignment –

from the Airport to Tongi Bridge, is within Dhaka City Corporation and the rest of the alignment traverses

through Gazipur City Corporation. After Joydevpur Chowrasta (ch 16.3) BRT makes a right turn to run west

to east as far as Gazipur.

The project alignment mainly runs north along the Dhaka-Mymensingh road and traverses 10 Wards of

Gazipur City Corporation and 01 Ward of Dhaka North City Corporation. The alignment is proposed to start

at a terminal station near the main entrance to the Shajalal Airport and continue in a northerly direction for

about 16 km to Joydevpur Chowrasta roundabout. From this point the alignment will run east to Gazipur to a

BRT terminal located in front of the Gazipur railway station within the Right of Way of RHD, on public

land, and a depot located nearby in Gazipur, 2 km West of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) on

the north side of the Chowrasta-Joydevpur Road, on a public land belonging to the Bangladesh

1 Ministry of Communications.2004.National Land Transport Policy. Dhaka 2 ADB. 2010. Sustainable Transport Initiative Operational Plan. Manila.


Telecommunication Company Limited (BTCL), under the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and

Information Technology.

Project overview

Name of the Project / Program

and Loan No.

: Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project (BRT Gazipur-Airport).

ADB Loan No-2862/2863/2864/0287-BAN

AFD Loan No. CBD 1001 01 N

Executing Agency &

Implementing Agency

: Executing Agency Implementing Agencies

Road Transport and Highways

Division, Ministry of Road

Transport and Bridges

1. Roads and Highways Department

2. Bangladesh Bridge Authority

3. Local Government Engineering Department

Project Period : 01 Dec 2012 to 01 Dec 2016

Total Project Cost : Source of Fund in million Dollar in BDT (lac) %

GoB : 45.4 38915.18 17.8

ADB : 160.0 123504.91 62.75

AFD : 45.0 37710.00 17.65

GEF : 4.6 3854.80 1.8

Total : 255.0 203984.89 100.0

Components of the Project

Greater Dhaka Sustainable Urban Transport Project [BRT Gazipur-Airport] was approved by the

government to implement 20 km long BRT route, starting from Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport to

Gazipur.

The major works included under the scope of the project are

(i) Construction of 20 km dedicated bus lane, out of which 4.5 km will be elevated 4-lane bus lane

along with Tongi bridge,

(ii) Construction of 7 flyovers/overpasses and Construction of high capacity drain, from Joydebpur

intersection to Turag river

(iii) Construction of 2 bus terminals at Gazipur and Airport and 1 bus depot at Gazipur and Improvement

of 141 access road,

(iv) Construction of Multimodal Transport Hub at Airport Railway station under PPP

(v) Procurement of Articulated buses and Intelligent Transpiration System (ITS).

Project Implementation/Management

A Project Management Unit will be responsible for (i) coordinating three Project Implementation Units

(PIUs) (ii) ensuring implementation of project work by PIUs, under the leadership of a Project

Coordinator.

Three Project Implementation Units (PIU) will be responsible for the following activities under

leadership of three PDs under RHD, BBA and LGED part of the project: RHD PIU will implement

construction of at grade corridor & 7 flyovers, BBA PIU will implement construction of Tongi Bridge &

4.5 km elevated section of the corridor and LGED PIU will implement construction of Gazipur Bus

Depot, 141 feeder roads connecting main corridor & 10 local kitchen market.


Dhaka BRT Co. Ltd. will act as 4th PIU of the project. This company will procure buses, install ITS for

BRT system and also negotiate with existing bus operators during project implementation period. After

completion of project, this company will operate and maintain whole BRT system.

Four consultancy services packages namely (i) Project Management Coordination and Capacity

Building (PMCCB), (ii) Engineering procurement and Construction management (EPCM), (iii)

Operational Design and Business Model (ODBM) and (iv) Resettlement Plan Implementation (RPI) are

included under this project to (i) coordinate, manage & support the procurement of Dhaka BRT, (ii)

design, support the procurement of PIUs & supervise, (iii) support in operation of BRT system and (iv)

implement the resettlement activities respectively.

Physical Progress of the Project

Detailed Design has been finished in August 2015. Tender of main civil construction work has been

published in November 2015. The contract award is expected to commence in March 2016. Land

Acquisition and Resettlement activities are going on now at project site. The utility lines are also in the

process of shifting. Tree in corridor of Impact will be removed during next few months. Detailed design of

Gazipur Bus Depot has been finalized. Tender has been floated for the civil work in February 2015.

Purpose of the EIA Report and Environmental Monitoring Report

This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been prepared for the proposed Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)

corridor from Gazipur to Shahjalal Airport (the Project) by the Consultants on behalf of the Implementing

Agency (IA). The EIA describes the baseline environmental conditions, including physical, ecological and

socio-economic resources along the road, assesses the environmental impacts of the intended BRT

development, and provides remedial/mitigation measures.

The EIA has been prepared in accordance with the Bangladesh legislation for environmental impact

assessment and also complying with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

This EIA will be submitted to DoE to obtain the Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) which is

required as per Environmental Conservation Rules3 (DoE, 1997) for the implementation of the Project.


Figure: Project map with important features


Approach and Methodology

The EIA study has been conducted in accordance with Environment Conservation Rules of Bangladesh and

ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). The study is based on both primary and secondary data and

information. The primary data includes data collected from field observations while secondary data was

from review of information from the earlier studies, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) publications and

relevant information from Government Departments. Discussions were held with stakeholders including

government officials, community representatives and a wide range of road users and roadside dwellers. The

main purpose of this approach was to include people’s perceptions of the project and its environmental

impacts.

The following methodology was adopted in carrying out the EIA study of the proposed project:

I. Orientation

Meetings and discussions were held among the members of the EIA team and also between the EIA team

and design team to establish a common understanding on various components and issues of the Project.

II. Data Collection Planning

Subsequent to the concept clarification and understanding obtained in the preceding step, a detailed data

collection plan was developed for the internal use of the EIA team. The plan included identification of

specific data requirements and their sources; time schedules and responsibilities for their collection; and the

logistics and other supporting needs for the execution of the data collection plan.

III. Data Collection

In this step, primary and secondary data were collected through field observations, environmental

monitoring in the field, concerned departments and published materials to establish baseline profile for

physical, biological and socioeconomic environmental conditions. Following activities were performed for

data collection:

Site reconnaissance

Analysis of maps and plans

Literature review

Desk research

Public consultations

Field observations and studies

Laboratory analysis

Physical Environment

Information was collected on the existing physical environment, particularly as related to geology,

topography, soils, hydrology and drainage, water quality, air quality and noise.

Biological Environment

The status of the flora and fauna of the project area were determined by an ecological survey, review of

literature relevant to the area, and an assessment of the terrestrial environment.

Flora- The vegetative communities were identified and classified into community types. Identification was

carried out of dominant tree species, assessment of stage of growth (mature or sapling) and assessment of

canopy cover.


Fauna- Information on fauna was gathered from existing literature on reported species as well as

observations in the field.

Socio-Cultural Environment

The Consultants utilized a combination of desk research, field investigations, census data, structured

interviews, maps, reports to generate the data required for description of the existing social environment and

assessment of the potential impacts due to the construction of the project. Data was collected on the

following aspects:

Land use

Traffic, transportation and access roads

Demography

Livelihoods

Poverty

Education

Health

Social setup

Community facilities

Recreational activities

Archaeological and cultural heritage

IV. Public Consultation

Public consultation is an important component of the EIA preparation activities. Indigenous knowledge

about the ecosystem and problems associated with the existing roads were carefully recorded and used in

impact assessment which assists in developing mitigation plan. Formal institutional level public

consultation, in tandem with informal ones involving local villagers, road users and people whose livelihood

depends on these roads, were conducted during the EIA study process.

V. Prediction of Impacts and Prepare Mitigation Measures

Predicting probable impacts of the project has been based on judgement of the relevant experts and public

opinion and stakeholders’ views have also been included. Mitigation measures are proposed addressing best

feasible practices in Bangladesh. In formulating mitigation measures, public opinion and knowledge were

also considered.


Chapter 2

Environmental Monitoring


The qualitative and quantitative data of water, air, soil, noise, etc., biodiversity, health and safety etc. are given in the following tables.

Table 1: EMP Implementation Status

Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Institutional Responsibility

Implementation Supervision & Monitoring

Provision of

Early Training

Awareness and Training on

environmental protection

aspects relevant to good

construction practices may

avoid/ reduce some

construction impacts.

EPCM Consultant and RHD to provide

training as part of the overall awareness

and training program to be delivered

before construction.

Location to be

confirmed

EPCM

CONSULTANT/

RHD

EPCM

CONSULTANT/RHD/PIUs

Climate

Change

Changes in climate and long

term impacts on the

environment;

Consider potential impacts from

extreme climate change scenario in

designing bridge and culverts.

Throughout the

project area

EPCM

CONSULTANT

RHD

Topography

Change in topography due to

construction-related

structures such as bridges,

flyovers, stations etc.; and

Visual changes to

topography.

Tree planting for street beautification as

per the Tree Cutting and Replantation

Plan Plan (TCRP) developed by RHD.

Throughout the

project areas and

other suitable

land identified by

RHD

RHD PIUs/FD

Land

Acquisition

Acquisition of 3.89 ha land;

Resettlement of Affected

Persons (APs).

All efforts have been made in BRT

design to reduce land acquisition;

Careful alignment and route selection

by the design team to minimize

resettlement;

Developing proper and adequate

compensation package for affected

persons;

Prior to site works, payment of

compensation to affected people based

on the Resettlement Plan.

Throughout the

project areas

EPCM

CONSULTANT;

PIUs

PIUs




Loss of

Structures

(Dwellings,

Commercial

Buildings and

Industrial

Structures)

A total 2,482 of structures

will be affected through

strip-taking along the project

corridor where widening is

required.

Compensation for the loss of land,

house, trees, structures, crops,

wage/income to be included in the

Resettlement Plan.

In case of relocation provision of

similar or better living conditions for

project affected persons (PAPs).

Throughout the

project areas

RHD;

PIUs

EPCM CONSULTANT

Construction

activities near

Educational

Institutions,

Religious and ,

Culturally

Sensitive

Structures

Educational, religious, and

cultural institutions in the

project area will be directly

and indirectly affected from

the project activities.

The monument “Jagroto

Chowrongi’ will have to be

relocated or protected.

The project implementation should take

in to consideration construction of the

alignment or making provision of

allocating financial resources for

rehabilitation of the Madrassa, Mosque

and the educational institution.

Provision should be made for two rows

of trees between RoW of the alignment

and the sensitive structures, and suitable

noise barriers to absorb the noise.

The sculpture should be dismantled

with care and installed in an appropriate

location selected by DC, Gazipur or

protected during construction.

Chowrasta

Junction

EPCM

CONSULTANT

PIUs

Damage to

Public Utilities Utility lines will have to be

moved disrupting services

Provision in the design and budget for

the relocation of the existing utility

infrastructures, wherever required;

All public utilities (e.g. water/gas pipes,

power/telephone lines, mobile tower

likely to be affected by the proposed

project road expansion will be relocated

Throughout the

project areas

EPCM

CONSULTANT

Utility service

Providers;

PIUs




before the actual commencement of the

construction work.

Informing all hospitals, schools, places

of worship, and affected communities

well in advance;

Utilities will only be removed and

relocated with proper agency approvals

and permission;

If utilities are damaged during

construction, it will be reported to the

Consultants and utility authority and

repairs will be arranged immediately at

the contractor’s expense.

Reconnection of utilities will be

completed at the shortest practicable

time before construction commences.




4Tree Cutting

Around 4728 trees including

230 large, 1909 medium,

1904 small trees and 685

saplings will be cut along the

RoW and within the bus

depot site for site

preparation.

Minimize the tree cutting by selecting

road widening option based on technical

Trees should not be cut prior the

permission from Forest Department.

Afforestation will be done at the ratio of

1 (cut):2(new planting).

A total of 9456 sapling trees will be

planted as per TCRP developed by

RHD.

For social forestry, afforestation ratio

will be as per the consultation with tree

owner.

Indigenous trees most suited to the tract

will be planted;

An awareness campaign targeted on the

neighborhood affected persons will be

carried to popularize tree planting and

saplings should be provided to

interested parties;

Throughout the

project area

Contractor;

RHD;

NGOs

PIUs/DF;

EPCM CONSULTANT

Changes to

Hydrologic

Regime

Temporary drainage

blockage, especially at

bridge, culverts, service

areas, and construction sites.

Provision of drains of sufficient sizes to

take design flows.

Wastes and dredged spoils should not

be disposed near any water body. All

waste depending on its characteristics,

should be disposed of in a controlled

and following local requirements.

Bridge and

culvert sites

EPCM

Consultant;

Contractor

EPCM CONSULTANT/

PIUs

4 Size of the trees refer here circumference of the trees which are: Large=5' and Above; Medium= 2'7''-5'; Small= 7''-2'7''; Saplings= <6''




Minimize alterations in the surface

drainage pattern as much as possible.

Drainage

changes Drainage congestion due to

waste/sediment disposal and

construction of road

corridor.

Regular cleaning of channels to avoid

choking.

Adequate cross drainage structures will

be provided to easily drain off water to

canals and other lowland areas;

Ensure that storm water drains and

highway drainage systems are

periodically cleared to maintain storm

water flows during construction.

All irrigation canals along the alignment

will be clearly marked on the ground to

prevent accidental dumping of fill

materials into these canals.

Drainage

structure sites

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs

Soil Erosion

and Siltation Soil erosion due to

construction activities,

earthworks, cut and fill

operations and from

stockpiles.

Erosion and subsequent

deposition in the adjacent

land.

Adopt good construction practices.

Adjusting construction schedule for

bridge during non-monsoon season.

Turfing of road shoulders to protect

slopes.

Earth stockpiles to be provided with

gentle slopes.

Ensuring vegetation on road

embankments and road cuttings with

fast growing crop and a native seed mix

immediately after fill placement to

prevent scour and to encourage

stabilization.

Using stone pitching or riprap at

The full length of

the road

alignment

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs




appropriate places especially around

overpasses, bridge, culverts.

Soil

Compaction

and

Contamination

Compaction of soil due to

movement of vehicles and

equipment

Contamination of soil due to

leakage/spillage of oil,

bituminous and non-

bituminous debris

Construction vehicles, machinery, and

equipment to be stationed in the

designated RoW to avoid compaction.

Haulage routes to be designated along

fallow and consolidated soil areas to

reduce compaction of arable land.

Fuel storage and filling to be undertaken

in areas with concrete surfacing and

bunds and interceptor traps

Oil interceptors to be provided at wash

down and refueling sites

Oil and grease spill and oil-soaked

materials will be sold off to authorized

recyclers.

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project

Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/

PIUs

Riverbed

Sediment

Disturbance of riverbed

sediments due to dredging

activities;

Contamination of bottom

sediments by accidental

spilling of bituminous

materials and other petro-

chemicals.

Prevent construction debris from

entering drainage or irrigation canals;

Construction work close to river to be

minimized especially during monsoon

season;

Conduct regular riverbed sediment

quality monitoring according to the

determined sampling schedule.

Train construction workers on safe

handling of petro-chemicals to prevent

spillage or leakage to the river or other

water bodies;

Bridge

construction site

on Turag River


PIU/BBA




Restrict disposal of any construction

waste into the river or nearby water

bodies;

Topsoil

removal Removal of top soil for

construction outside the

RoW.

Compaction of topsoil.

Loss of top soil by wind and

water erosion.

Covering of top soil by

project works.

The stockpile slope to be no steeper

than 2 (H):1 (V) to reduce surface

runoff and enhance percolation through

the mass of stored soil.

Locate topsoil stockpiles outside

drainage lines and protect stockpiles

from erosion.

Construct diversion channels and silt

fences around the topsoil stockpiles to

prevent erosion and loss of topsoil.

Use stripped topsoil to cover all

disturbed areas and along the proposed

tree plantation sites.

Rip ground surface prior to the

spreading of topsoil,

Limit equipment and vehicular

movements to within the approved

construction zone.

Remove unwanted materials from

topsoil such as roots of trees, rubble and

waste etc.

Construction sites

throughout the

road alignment


PIUs

Air Quality

changes Dust generation due to

construction activities and

transport of construction

materials.

Emissions from vehicles,

Vehicles transporting construction

material to be covered;

Construction equipment to be

maintained to a good standard and

discouraging idling of engines.

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/DoE




equipment and machinery.

Machinery emitting visible smoke to be

banned from construction sites;

Contractor to prepare a dust suppression

program detailing action to be taken to

minimize dust generation (e.g. spraying

of roads with water), and the equipment

to be used.

Equipping asphalt hot mix and batching

plants with fabric filters or wet

scrubbers to reduce dust emissions;

Locate asphalt and crushing plants away

from residential areas and social

infrastructure such as hospitals,

mosques, schools and madrasas. (Refer

to Annex 2 for locations of these).

Clearance should be at least 500 m and

take into account the prevailing wind

direction.

Dust masks to be provided to workers

where dust hazards exist;

Proper dust collection and control

systems to be installed at crushers;

Air quality monitoring to be carried out

as per the schedule in the environmental

monitoring plan.

Noise and

Vibration Noise from construction

vehicles, equipment and

machinery.

Vibration caused by

Use of modern plant and equipment

with appropriate muffling devices.

All powered mechanical equipment and

machinery to be fitted with noise

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project


PIUs/DoE




construction activities.

abating gear such as mufflers for

effective noise control, in compliance

with DoE regulations.

Construction operations to be restricted

to 0700 to 1800 hours.

Locate rock crushing, concrete mixing

and material shipment yards away from

residential areas, schools, colleges and

hospitals.

Install temporary noise barriers near

sensitive locations such as schools,

religious places and hospitals (Refer to

Annex 2 for locations)

Providing the construction workers with

suitable hearing protection as ear cap, or

earmuffs etc.

Surround the piers during construction

with an air bubble curtain system or

coffer dam.

Use a smaller hammer to reduce the

sound pressure. The sound produced in

pile driving has a direct relationship to

the force used to drive the pile. A

smaller hammer will have less force on

the pile therefore, producing less sound.

Noise and vibration level monitoring to

be carried out as per the schedule in the

environmental monitoring plan.

Changes to Visual intrusion from large Material stockpiles will be removed as Borrow areas Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/




Topography

and Landscape

piles of embankment and

construction materials

obstructing views;

Land degradation due to

excavation in borrow area.

soon as work is completed and the area

re-landscaped

Top soil to be preserved for

rehabilitation of borrow pits

Borrow pits to be either closed or

converted to ponds at the completion of

work;

Construction wastes to be used in

construction activities;

PIUs

Siting of

Construction

and Labour

camps, plans

and equipment

and

Workshops

Loss of plantation and

vegetation;

Permanent physical and

visual impact on the area;

Health risk of the workers.

Social disturbance to nearby

community.

Construction camps, plant and

equipment and workshops to be located

away from sensitive areas and not

within 500 m of existing settlements

(Refer to Annex 2 for chainage km)

unless agreed to after consultation with

local people;

Provide adequate housing for all

workers at the construction camps and

establish clean canteen/eating and

cooking areas;

Camp site will be cleaned up to the

satisfaction of the local community after

use;

Standing water will not be allowed to

accumulate in the temporary drainage

facilities or along the roadside to

prevent proliferation of mosquitoes.

Briefing and/or on-site training for the

contractor’s workers on the

Construction

camps,

workshops and

labour camps

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs




environmental requirement of the

project and the implementation of

mitigation measures;

Minimize vegetation loss while making

site arrangements for construction

camps and other facilities;

Good sanitation facilities to be provided

for the camps;

Wastewater from contractors’

workshops and equipment washing

yards will be passed through

gravel/sand beds, and all oil/grease

contaminants will be removed, before

discharging. Oil and grease residues

will be stored in drums awaiting

disposal in line with the agreed waste

management plan, and consistent with

national and local regulations;

Solid waste must not be dumped, buried

or burned at or near the project site, but

will be disposed of at the nearest

sanitary landfill or site having and

complying with the necessary permits;

The sites for camps and associated

facilities will be rehabilitated after

completion of the project.

HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention

program will be implemented in line

with social plans under the project.




Construction workers should be under

instruction not to be involved/ interfere

in social issues of neighborhood

communities.

River

protection and

bridge

construction

Movement of barges and

other construction vessels

and bridge construction

activities within the river

will interfere with local

navigation and interrupt the

river traffic;

Silt and Contaminated runoff

reaching river water

Underwater noise impacts on

fisheries and other aquatic

life.

In bridge repair and demolition, the

bridge structure will not be dropped into

the river, but alternative means will be

used to avoid "dropping the bridge" into

rivers/streams. This will be done by

"sawing" appropriate sections of the

bridge and using cranes to lift these

sections away, or alternatively, by

construction of a platform onto which

the bridge could be lowered.

Rocks and stones will be disposed of so

as not to block rivers and streams

Cofferdams, silt fences, sediment

barriers, or other devices will be used as

appropriate based on the design to

prevent spreading of silt during

excavation and boring operations within

streams. If cofferdams are used, these

will be dewatered and cleaned to

prevent siltation by pumping from

cofferdams to a settling basin or a

containment unit.

Other runoff control measures such as

covering open surfaces with grasses and

creepers to reduce runoff will be

Bridge

construction site

on Turag river


PIUs/BIWTA




implemented as early as possible in

construction.

If hydraulic hammer are to be used the

impact of pile driving cannot be

avoided. However, the force of the

hammer blow can be controlled with

hydraulic hammers, and reducing the

impact force will reduce the intensity of

the resulting sound.

Surface Water

Bodies Loss of surface water bodies

and impact on fish.

Avoid or minimize damage to water

channels;

Avoid or minimize use of the riverbed

materials.

No bituminous or hazardous materials

to be used for filling of water bodies;

In case of accidental obstruction or

damage, drainage ditches and ponds

will be cleaned or repaired immediately.

All water bodies

likely to be

affected along the

project road

(Refer to Annex

2).


PIUs

Surface Water

Quality Contamination of surface

water by disposal of

construction waste.

Pollution of domestic water

supplies.

The workforce to be trained in proper

methods for storage and handling of

materials and chemicals;

Work camps and work sites to be

provided with toilets and septic tanks;

Proper drainage system with

sedimentation ponds and oil separators

to be provided to cope with the rain

water and oil spills;

Stockpiled materials will be covered to

reduce silt in runoff;

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project

particularly in

areas where there

are beel / lowland

/ pond / ditches

(Refer to Annex

2).


PIUs/DoE




No stockpiling or borrow sites less

than100 m from a water body;

Washing of machinery and vehicles in

surface waters to be prohibited;

Sealed washing areas will be provided

and wastewater will be collected in a

sedimentation/ retention pond for

treatment prior to release;

Work in rivers will be scheduled during

dry season, and work duration will be as

short as possible;

Conduct regular water quality

monitoring according to the

recommended sampling schedule;


entering drainage or irrigation canals;

Construction work close to ponds or

other water bodies to be minimized

especially during monsoon season;

Wastes to be collected, stored and taken

to approve disposal sites.

Groundwater

Quality Depletion of groundwater

table due to excessive

withdrawal.

Contamination of

underground water table

from leachate of construction

waste.

Assess availability of water and

evaluate impact on use of local water

resources to ensure that water utilization

for project will not deplete local village

supplies.

Arrangements for safe drinking water to

be made prior to start work.

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project


PIUs/DoE




Water for consumption to be supplied

only after adequate analysis and

requisite treatment.

Train workers on the need for judicious

use of freshwater resources;

Water reserves to be protected from

contamination such as construction and

oily waste.

Maintain close liaison with local

communities to ensure that any

potential conflicts related to common

resource utilization for project purposes

are resolved quickly.

Materials

Exploitation

and

Management

of Quarry and

Borrow areas

Land use change due to

borrowing of earth.

Land use change and loss of

productive top soil.

Chronic erosion and siltation

Deterioration of air quality

as well as visual and

aesthetic intrusion.

Update draft materials management

plan or MMP (which will also include a

mass haulage chart) prepared by EPCM

CONSULTANT during detailed design

phase. Updated plan to be approved by

EPCM Consultant 1 month prior to

commencement of works. Contractor to

agree and implement MMP provisions.

Balance cut-and-fill requirements to

minimization impacts from extraction of

aggregates.

Procure materials only from DoE

authorized quarries and borrow sites.

If the contractor will operate the quarry

site, required environmental permits

will be secured prior to operation of

Materials

Exploitation sites


PIUs




quarry/borrow areas.

Use quarry with highest ratio between

extractive capacity (both in terms of

quality) and loss of natural state.

Use quarry sites lying close to the

alignment, with a high level of

accessibility.

Do not use quarries in areas of natural

woodland or near rivers which provide

food and shelter for birds and other

animals.

Borrow/quarry sites will not be located

in productive land and forested areas.

During quarry/borrow site operation,

provide adequate drainage to avoid

accumulation of stagnant water.

Ensure borrow pits are left in a tidy

state with stable side slopes and proper

drainage in order to avoid creation of

water bodies favorable for mosquito

breeding.

Upon completion of extraction

activities, quarry and borrow pits will

be stabilized and rehabilitated. Before

stabilization these will be dewatered

and fences will be installed, as

appropriate, to minimize health and

safety risks.




Waste

generation:

General

Construction

Waste

Disposal,

Spoil Disposal

and Hazardous

Waste

Disposal

Unhygienic conditions,

health risk to workforce and

general public at and around

the camp site;

Visual intrusion from large

piles of spoil disposal

obstructing views;

Drainage congestion due to

waste disposal;

Contamination by Oil and

lubricants from vehicle

maintenance areas;

Update the draft Waste Management

and Spoil Disposal Plan (WMSDP)

prepared by the EPCM consultant one

month before construction to cover all

aspects of waste storage, disposal, and

accidental spills to be approved by

EPCM Consultant 1 month prior to

commencement of works. Contractor to

implement WMSDP provisions.

Areas for disposal should be finalized

through a mutual agreement in between

landowner and DoE;

Disposal areas to be rehabilitated

monitored, catalogued, and marked.

Segregation of wastes will be observed.

Recyclables will be recovered and sold

to recyclers.

Solid and liquid wastes will not be

disposed of in rivers and streams or

other natural drainage path; on fragile

slopes, flood ways, farmland, forest,

religious or other culturally sensitive

areas, or areas where a livelihood is

evolved.

Spoils will be disposed of in disused

quarries and abandoned borrow pits

where practicable;

Disposed spoils will be spread in 15 cm

layers and compacted to optimum

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project, and

vehicle

maintenance and

refueling areas.


PIUs




moisture content, covered with topsoil,

landscaped, and provided with drainage

and vegetation to prevent runoff in line

with best practices;

Waste disposal should not cause

sedimentation and obstruction of regular

drainage, or damage to agricultural land

and densely vegetated areas.

Waste disposal sites will be located at

least 50 m from surface watercourses

and will be protected from runoff by

ensuring mild slopes and grassing.

Sanitary wastes generating from staff

and labour camps to be disposed of in

an environmentally friendly manner, i.e.

provision of septic tank etc. for toilet

wastes.

There will be no site-specific landfills

established by the contractors. All solid

waste will be collected and removed

from the work camps and disposed in

local waste disposal sites.

Hazardous waste to be transported to

nearby incineration facility;

It should be ensured that all storage

containers are in good condition with

proper labeling;

Containers should be checked for

leakage and necessary repairs




undertaken or replaced.

Equipment/vehicle maintenance and

refueling areas will be confined to areas

in construction sites designed to contain

spilled lubricants and fuels. Such areas

will be provided with drainage leading

to an oil-water separator that will be

regularly skimmed of oil and

maintained to ensure efficiency.

All areas intended for storage of

hazardous materials will be quarantined

and provided with adequate facilities to

combat emergency situations complying

with all the applicable statutory

stipulation.

The contractor will identify named

personnel in the management

plan/CEMP in charge of the sites, and

ensure they are properly trained to

control access to these areas; entry will

be allowed only under authorization.

Operation of

Asphalt plant

Rock crushers,

and use of

Bitumen

Air pollution and dust

generation.

Spills from Bitumen plants

may contaminate surface

water quality.

Undertake precautionary measures for

reducing dust emissions from diesel

generator sets, hot mix plants, crushers

and batching plants.

Provide adequate stack height and dust

extraction systems for the hot mix

plants.

Ensure water spreading to suppress

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project corridor


PIUs




dusts particularly during dry and windy

weather.

Provide grass cover immediately after

completion of final earth surface along

with watering until they grow and

survive.

Tree plantation on the slopes all along

the main corridor and other areas of

feeder roads, construction yards,

construction camps, to reduce the effect

of emission of dust and pollutants on

the adjacent/nearby communities.

Disposal of Bitumen will not be allowed

to enter either running or dry

streambeds and nor will be disposed of

in ditches or small waste disposal sites

prepared by the contractor.

Bitumen storage and mixing areas must

be protected against spills.

Proper handling of contaminated soil

should be comply with DoE

standards.

Flora Loss of habitat due to tree

cutting.

Vegetation loss due to site

preparation and construction

activities.

Suitable Trees to be planted as per

TCRP provided by RHD;

Flowering and fruiting shrubs to be

planted along the RoW to beautify the

landscape;

Contractor’s personnel to be directed

not to damage any vegetation such as

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project

RHD EMCM/PIUs/FD




trees or bushes;

Construction vehicles, equipment and

machinery to be limited to their

designated areas of movement;

Gas cylinders to be used for fuel at the

camps for cooking purposes. Cutting of

trees/bushes for fuel not to be allowed;

Camp sites and asphalt plants to be

established on waste/barren land rather

than on forested or agriculturally

productive land. However if such land

is not available, it must be ensured that

vegetation clearing is minimized and

minimum damage is caused to the trees,

undergrowth and crops.

Wildlife Hunting wildlife and birds

during construction.

Bangladesh Forest Department should

check and confirm that no hunting

occurs.

New and good condition machinery

with low noise generation

characteristics to be used in

construction.

Construction work not to be carried out

at night.

Borrow pits to be fenced to protect

animals.

Along the road

alignment and

bus depot

Contractor EMCM/PIUs/FD

Fisheries Impact on fishing activity

(production, spawning and

breeding grounds).

Construction not to be undertaken

during high flood.

Construction along the riverbanks must

Throughout the

road corridor

particularly in

Contractor EMCM/PIUs




Disturbance to aquatic life

including migration of fish

due to bridge construction.

be avoided during the fish breeding

season (July to September).

Deep water channel to be maintained

during bridge construction.

pond / ditch /

river areas (Refer

to Annex 2).

Land use Land disputes, soil erosion,

loss of potential cropland

and vegetation, landscape

degradation, and damage to

road embankments.

Land use change due to

borrowing of earth.

Land use change and loss of

productive top soil.

Agricultural areas not to be used as

borrow areas.

Land acquisition for borrow areas to be

minimized. River sand to be used for

embankment.

Necessary permits to be obtained for

any borrow pits from the competent

authorities and all environmental

considerations to be ensured.

Topsoil from borrow areas to be

preserved and borrow pits to be

rehabilitated after completion of borrow

operations.

Borrow pits to be sited on waste land

and at least 500 m away from the road.

Priority to be given to borrowing from

humps (including from digging of

wells) above the general ground level.

Priority should be given to borrowing

by excavating/enlarging existing borrow

areas.

Construction sites

along the full

length of


Traffic

Condition Due to construction vehicles,

traffic congestion causing

inconvenience to the people.

Prior to start of site works, update and

implement updated temporary traffic

management plan (TTMP) prepared by

EPCM Consultant during detailed

Construction sites

along the full

length of corridor

Contractor EPCM Consultants/PIUs




design phase. Updated plan to be

approved by EPCM CONSULTANT

one month prior to commencement of

works. Contractor to implement TTMP

provisions;

Communicate to the public through

local officials regarding the scope and

schedule of construction, as well as

construction activities causing

disruptions or access restrictions;

In coordination with local traffic

authorities, implement appropriate

traffic diversion schemes to avoid

inconvenience to road users due to

project operations, ensure smooth traffic

flow, and avoid or minimize accidents,

traffic hold ups, and congestion;

In coordination with local traffic

officials, schedule transport of materials

to avoid congestion, and set up clear

traffic signal boards and traffic advisory

signs at the roads going in and out of

the construction sites to minimize traffic

build-up;

Provide safe vehicle and pedestrian

access around construction areas;

Install bold diversion signs that would

be clearly visible even at night, and

provide flag persons to warn of




dangerous conditions (24 hours/as

necessary).

Provide sufficient lighting at night

within and in the vicinity of

construction sites.

Designate traffic officers in construction

sites.

Income and

Employment Income loss due to the loss

of agricultural lands, private

structures and common

property resources

Contractor as far as practicable to

recruit construction workers from

amongst the locals and to maintain

gender equity while employing the

locals.

Priority will always be given to project

affected persons, the unemployed and

lower income groups.

Set aside areas within the contractor’s

camps and offices for local people to

sell their products.

Along the road

alignment


Health and

Safety of the

Community

Health and safety risks due

presence of construction

camp and ongoing


Include in WPSP barriers (e.g.,

temporary fence) to be installed at

construction areas to deter pedestrian

access to the roadway except at

designated crossing points.

The workers with different transmittable

diseases should be restricted to the

construction site and sent for treatment

or replaced as an urgent measure.

The general public/local residents will

not be allowed in high-risk areas, e.g.,

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project

Contractor;

RHD

EMCM/PIUs




excavation sites and areas where heavy

equipment is in operation and such sites

will have a watchman to keep public

out.

Drivers operating construction vehicles

to be trained in road safety awareness;

Provision of proper safety and diversion

signage.

Crossing provision to be made for

pedestrians and vehicles near

settlements.

Use of water not to disturb water

availability for the public.

Close consultation with local

communities to maintain community

integrity and social links and avoid

conflict situations with respect to

resource use.

RHD to Prepare and implement plan for

avoiding spread of STDs.

Occupational

Health and

Safety -

Workers

Accidental risk and health

risks due to unsafe working

conditions.

Contractor will update draft Worker and

Public Safety Plan (WPSP) prepared by

EPCM Consultant, and instruct workers

in health and safety matters. Updated

plan to be approved by EPCM

Consultant 1 month prior to starting of

works. Contractor to implement WPSP

provisions.

Establish safety measures as required by

Construction sites

along the full

length of the

project





law and by good engineering practice,

and provide first aid facilities that are

readily accessible by workers;

Fencing on all excavation, borrow pits,

and sides of temporary bridge, flyovers

etc.

Worker’s compensation insurance for

all project staff;

Basic medical training to be given to

specified work staff.

Basic medical service and supplies to be

made available for workers.

Appropriate personal protective

equipment (hearing protection, safety

glasses, helmets, protective footwear

and gloves, high visibility vests and

other protective clothing) to be provided

to all workers.

Provision of adequate sanitation,

washing, cooking and dormitory

facilities including lighting.

Adequate signage, lighting, barriers,

yellow tape and persons with flags

during construction to manage traffic at

construction sites, haulage and access

roads.

Environmental

Monitoring

and

Prepare Monthly and Quarterly

Monitoring Reports.

Prepare a project completion report

N/A

Contractor

EPCM Consultants /PIUs




Completion

Reporting

containing environmental management

and residual impacts if any.

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: OPERATION

Tree Planting Ensuring survival of flora and

fauna in the new environment.

Monitor survival of replanted trees (also

compensatory planting) and replant, as

necessary.

Undertake proper measures for

watering, fertilizing and nursing of

trees/ plants/ grasses.

Plantation of additional varieties of

trees that supports birds and having high

wood value.

Along the project

corridor

RHD/NGO PIUs/DF

Soil Quality Soil contamination due to

accidental spillage from

vehicular movement.

Proper measures must be ensured to

prevent any oil spillage and leakage

from the vehicles.

Efforts will be made to clean the spills

of oil, toxic chemicals etc. as early as

possible.

Along the project

corridor

BRT Operator PIUs/DoE

Noise and

Vibration Though both noise level and

vibration is expected to

reduce, special

measures/strategies will be

required to keep them within

limits.

According to monitoring results,

additional sound barriers in the form of

trees and hedges will be discussed with

the affected people and planted, if

agreed;

Signs for sensitive zones (health centres

/ educational institutions etc.) to prevent

the use of pressure horns;

Enforcement and penalties against

traffic rules violators;

Along the project

corridor

particularly in the

major road

intersections and

densely populated

areas





Monitoring to protect the trees.

Air Quality Increased traffic levels and

congestion will lead to air

pollution levels.

Air conditioning gas

emission from BRT buses.

Roadside tree plantations as applicable

and feasible under the climatic

conditions.

Regular road maintenance to ensure

good surface condition.

Carry out regular onsite testing for

assessing emission levels of pollutants

from vehicles running on road.

Enforcement and penalties against

traffic rules violators.

All work done on air conditioners will

follow the Industry Code of Practices

for automotive air conditioning.

Approved refrigerant gas recycling and

storage equipment will be used in these

circumstances.

Ambient air quality monitoring should

be carried out during operation phase.

Along the project

corridor

particularly in the

major road

intersections and

densely

settlement areas,

and Bus Depot


Water Quality Contamination of water

bodies from runoff from bus

depot, terminal, stations and

roads containing oils and

grease;

Groundwater may get

polluted due to contaminated

road runoff.

In order to discharge rapid removal of

storm-water/road runoff, cross slopes

and longitudinal drainage will be

provided in the design.

Proper drainage system with

sedimentation ponds and oil separators

will be provided to avoid contamination

by run-off and oil spills.

Throughout the

project road

particularly in

river/pond/ditch

areas





Retention basins with reed beds

provided in the design will improve the

quality of polluted storm-water/road

runoff.

Prior to operation, an emergency

response plan for spills of hazardous

materials and oil will be prepared.

Water quality monitoring will be carried

out as per schedule suggested in the

Environmental Monitoring Plan.

Cultural Sites Noise and vibration near

cultural sites like school,

college, madrasa, health

complex, temple, church etc.

Noise problem can be mitigated through

installation of noise barrier and

plantation of trees along the boundary

of the cultural sites.

Avoid unnecessary noise generation at

sensitive cultural sites with regulations.

Along the project

corridor

BRT Operator PIUs

Road Safety Increase in the number of

road accidents

Speed limits will be imposed.

Safety signal will need to be displayed

along the road along with display and

monitoring of speed limits especially

along settlements.

Traffic signs must be provided to warn

road users about speed limits, rest areas,

eating establishments etc.

Lanes, median, and sharp bends will be

marked with reflectorized signs to

improve road visibility at night time.

Foot overpasses will be provided near

schools, markets areas for safe crossing

Along the project

corridor

particularly at

road intersections

BRT Operator PIUs




of the roads.

Proper lighting will be provided along

the project road.


EMP Implementation Schedule

An implementation schedule has been prepared based on the environmental components that may be

affected during the pre- construction, construction and operation of the project. Since it is likely to have an

impact on various components of the environment, a comprehensive EMP implementation schedule

considering mitigation action required at each stage of implementation is provided in Table 2.


Table 2: EMP implementation schedule

Environmental

Components EMP

Time Line

Pre-

construction

(6 Months)

Construction Phase (24

Months) Operation Phase (Continued)

Technical Support Updating of EMP and performance indicators

Flora

Tree cutting along the RoW

Compensatory afforestation (Minimum 1:2)

Monitoring of Tree Cutting and Plantation

Maintenance of trees

Drainage congestion Provision of adequate drainage

Monitoring drainage congestion

Erosion,

Sedimentation and

Soil

River bank protection measures

Soil conservation

Monitoring of soil erosion

Land

Compensation against land acquisition

Landscaping on approach road and service areas

Slope/ Embankment

protection at

approach Road

Covering of embankment with grasses and herbs

Embankment protection of the approach road

Water and Drinking Monitoring of Surface Water Quality


Environmental

Components EMP

Time Line

Pre-

construction

(6 Months)

Construction Phase (24

Months) Operation Phase (Continued)

Water Supply Monitoring of Groundwater Quality and Levels

Installation of oil and grease traps at construction sites

Construction of soak pits at construction and rehabilitation

sites

Ensuring arsenic free drinking water for construction camps

Air Quality

and Dust

Management

Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality

Water Spraying/ Watering at construction and stockpile sites

Noise Quality and

Barriers

Monitoring of Noise and Vibration

Provision of Noise Barriers

Construction Safety Provision of PPEs

Health Issues Health Check-up Camps

Capacity

Development and

Training

Environmental safety and awareness


Environmental monitoring Plan

General

Environmental monitoring is an essential tool for environmental management since it provides the basic

information for rational management decisions. The purpose of the monitoring program is to ensure that the

recommended environmental management measures are implemented and the desired mitigation outcomes

has been achieved. To ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures, it is essential that an

effective monitoring program be designed and carried out. Monitoring will be conducted in accordance with

the environmental mitigation measures and monitoring plan provided with this report in Table 3.

Objectives

The objective of environmental monitoring during the construction and operation phases is to compare the

environmental conditions against the baseline conditions established prior to commencement of project

implementation. This will assist in monitoring whether the mitigation action are being implemented and also

the effectiveness of the mitigation measures in protecting environment from adverse impacts of construction

activities. Thus, the main objectives of the pre-construction, construction and operation phase monitoring

plan are to:

Monitor the actual impact of the works on physical, biological and socio-economic receptors within

the project corridor for indicators on the adequacy of the EMP;

Recommend mitigation measures for any unexpected impact or where the impact level exceeds the

level anticipated in the EIA;

Ensure compliance with legal and community obligations including safety on construction sites;

Monitor the rehabilitation of borrow areas and the restoration of construction campsites as described

in the EMP;

Ensure the safe disposal of excess construction materials;

Appraise the adequacy of the EIA with respect to the project’s predicted long-term impacts on the

corridor’s physical, biological and socio-economic environment;

Evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation measures proposed in the EMP and recommend

improvements, if and when, necessary.

Components to be monitored

Monitoring has two components:

I. Compliance monitoring, which checks whether prescribed actions have been carried out,

usually by visual observation and by the use of checklists.

II. Effects monitoring which records the beneficial and adverse consequences of activities on the

biophysical and social environment. This is often by repeat measurements of a set of

objectively verifiable indicators.

Monitoring for this project will mainly focus on compliance monitoring to ensure that measures are being

implemented on time and according to sound environmental principles.

Pre-Construction stage monitoring

Monitoring during the pre-construction stage includes three components:

I. Checking and ensuring that appropriate measures have been incorporated to avoid or

minimize negative environmental impacts, in the project’s design.

II. Incorporation of appropriate protective clauses in the contract documents that are to be

complied by the contractors.


Construction stage compliance monitoring

Compliance monitoring during the construction stage comprises:

I. EMP which addresses the environmental issues in details to provide environmental protection.

II. Contractors’ compliance to the environmental clauses in their day-to-day activities.

III. Implementation of tree planting and site clearance activities after completion of work.

The environmental impacts during construction are highly dependent on (i) incorporation of the mitigating

measures identified in the EIA into bid documents and specifications (ii)the contractors’ work practices,

especially those related to the storage of construction materials, disposal of waste and cleanliness of the

work sites; (iii) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractors in terms of traffic management and

waste disposal, and use of public space and utilities; (iv) strict enforcement of correct construction practices

and standards by project management.

Direct monitoring during the construction phase will involve the following activities:

Review of Contractors’ proposed designs and working methods including a review at project start-

up to ensure that the designs and working methods proposed by the contractors have taken into

consideration the environmental clauses specified in the tender documents (environmental, social,

safety).

Site- specific review of contractors’ temporary facilities; involving the inspection of contractors’

worksites and work camps to ensure that the contractors’ arrangements for temporary facilities are

satisfactory.

Regular site inspection during the construction period, involving scheduled and unannounced

inspections to ensure that the stipulated procedures as defined in the EMP are being followed by

the contractor(s). This monitoring will require the completion of systematic observations of site

activities using checklists to be developed by RHD, LGED and BBA and EPCM Consultants.

Inspection of the certification of site clearance and restoration, to ensure that actual restoration has

taken place, e.g., the temporary sewage works have been adequately disposed of.

Operation stage monitoring

In this phase, the contractors will compile and maintain the environmental data and records gathered during

the construction phase for reference by the operating agencies. The contractors will coordinate with

government departments and agencies, RHD, LGED and BBA in particular, for providing information on

monitoring of air and water quality, noise level and traffic.

Operating Agency (BRT Operator) in collaboration with the concerned department will make

arrangements for monitoring air quality and assessing its effects along the road project. Sensitive

parameters including NO2, SO2 and particulate matters will be monitored and necessary measures

will be taken to keep these within the limits set by government.

The noise levels will be monitored likewise, to see whether they are within the limits. When they are

found to exceed the limits and disturb the nearby settlements, noise abatement measures, such as

planting of trees and construction of sound barriers will be implemented by the Operating Agency.

Water quality monitoring will be done to ensure that both surface and groundwater quality will not

be affected by contaminated run off and spills.

The operator will monitor whether the flora and fauna of the area is affected by the activities in the

area of influence. If required necessary mitigation measures should be taken by the operator.

The above monitoring system will be fully controlled by the project proponent i.e. RHD, LGED or BBA and

the Operating Agency. A monitoring schedule has been included as guideline for the stakeholders (Table

6.2).


Monitoring Program

Monitoring points have been selected based on the sensitivity of the location with respect to sensitive

receptors.

The schedule has been developed based on the possible occurrence of adverse impacts and required

mitigation actions. However, this schedule is subject to change depending on the analysis results obtained.

The protocol for changing the monitoring schedule is given below.

a) Tree Plantation

The 75% survival rate of re-plantation will be monitored on the first year of the operation phase. If the

survival rate is found to be below 75%, survival rate monitoring will be again taken up after 3 years. This

cycle should continue until the 75% survival rate is achieved.

b) Terrestrial and Aquatic Fauna including Fisheries

The fish productivity monitoring is an important and sensitive issue. In case, any significant decline in terms

of fish productivity in the khals/canals or ponds is noticed, the monitoring frequency will be increased until

the effectiveness of mitigation measures are established.

c) Soil Erosion and Drainage Congestion

In the construction phase, some localized soil erosion may be noticed due to construction activities.

However, if soil erosion is noticed during construction and operation phase, corrective actions will be

initiated and frequency of check will be increased to assess the tendency of occurrence.

d) Air, Noise and Vibration Quality

Due to impact of construction activities, the ambient air quality of the project area may change. If the air

quality with respect to any parameter exceeds by more than 25% of its last monitored value, the monitoring

frequency will be doubled and cause of the increase investigated.

Similarly, due to construction activities the noise quality in the project area is likely to change. If the noise

and vibration quality exceeds by 20% of the applicable ambient noise quality standard or 5% of its last

monitored value, the monitoring frequency will be increased and the cause of the increase investigated.

e) Water Quality

In the construction phase, the monitored values for pH, BOD, COD, TDS and DO might change owing to

construction activities. Hence, it is suggested that if the monitored value for any water quality parameter

exceeds by more than 20% of its last monitored status, the monitoring frequency will be increased. If the

construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted.


Table 3: Environmental monitoring plan

Environmental

Component Parameters

Standards /

Guidelines Locations

Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility

Implementation Supervision

PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Tree cutting

Monitoring

activities

Check whether

proper compensation as

mentioned in RP is received

by PAPs.

Inspection

Throughout

the project

areas

During tree felling

and site clearing

operations Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/F

D

CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Air Quality

H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, O3,

O2,CO2, TVOC, SPM, PM10,

Humidity, Wind direction,

Wind speed, Temperature

Air quality standard

by DoE, Bangladesh

Throughout

the project

areas

Twice a year/ on

complaints

for 2 years

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/

DoE

Dust Dust control Air quality standard

by DoE, Bangladesh

Throughout

the project

areas

Regularly Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/

DoE

Noise Level dB(A) Noise Pollution

Control Rules (2006)

Throughout

the project

areas

Twice a year / on

complaints

for 2 years

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/

DoE

Water Quality

Surface water:

Temperature, Turbidity, pH,

TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3–N,

As, Fe, Mn, DO, COD,

BOD5, TC, FC, Total N,

Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Surface water

near project

corridor

Quarterly a year /

on complaints

for 2 years

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/

DoE


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


Groundwater:





Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Groundwater

near project

corridor

Twice a year / on

complaints

for 2 years

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/

DoE

Riverbed Material As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg,

Fe, pH

Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

Tongi Bridge

site at Turag

River

Twice a year / on

complaints

for 2 years

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/

DoE

Soil Pollution

pH, As, Pb, Hg, Cd,

Cr, Zn;

Check liquid waste

is carried out by experienced

personnel and in proper way.

Careful and proper

handling of oil and other

hazardous liquids.

Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

At all project

sites including

Bus Depot

Twice a year / on

complaints

for 2 years Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs/

DoE

Soil Erosion

Visual check for soil

erosion and siltation.

Visual inspection of

erosion prevention measures

and occurrence of erosion.

Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

Material

storage sites

and all the

water bodies

near the

project

corridor

Monthly Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs

Drainage

congestion

Check drainage plan

implemented correctly

Conduct regular

inspection

Monitoring

Throughout

the project

areas

Weekly during

monsoon Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


Wildlife Wildlife habitat and

movement None Specific

Areas

alongside road

corridor

Quarterly Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs

Fisheries Impact on fish

productivity, breeding and

spawning

All major

water bodies Once in year Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs

Waste

Management

Check storage,

transportation, disposal,

handling of hazardous waste

Waste and effluents

to be collected and disposed

safely from all camps;

Waste and garbage

from bridge construction site

to be disposed safely.

Monitoring

Throughout

the project

areas

Weekly Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIUs

Health and

Safety

Check quality of

food and accommodation at

construction camp.

Check safe water

supply, hygienic toilet at

camps and construction of

drain at camp sites.

Check toilets are

close to construction site and

separate toilet for female

workers;

First-Aid kit with

required tools and medicine;

The heavy

construction material to

Monitoring

Construction

sites, labour

camps and bus

depot


CONSULTANT/PIUs


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


handled and stored safely

putting due care on public

safety;

Heavy construction

materials at bridge

construction site to be stored

and handled safely; and

Check of personal

protective equipment (PPE)

for worker at the sites.

OPERATION STAGE

Tree

Plantation

Check the plantation method

and number of tree species

Inspection to ensure

proper plantation

with

proper species

Throughout

the project

areas

During June/ July NGO PIUs/FD

Air Quality






by DoE, Bangladesh

Throughout

the project

areas

Monthly inside

the Depot;

Twice a year

for 3 years




Throughout

the project

areas

Monthly inside

the Depot ;

Twice a year

for 3 years


Water Quality

Surface water:


TDS, EC, TSS, Fe, NH3 –N,



Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Surface water

near project

corridor

Twice a year

for 3 years BRT Operator PIUs/DoE


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


Groundwater:





Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Surface water

near project

corridor

Twice a year

for 3 years BRT Operator PIUs/DoE

Traffic Safety Record of accidents,

different level of disabilities/

fatalities.

None Specific

Throughout

the project

section

Full operation

period BRT Operator PIUs

Soil Quality pH, As, Pb, Hg, Cd,

Cr, Zn;

Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

At each

construction

camp post

restoration of

construction

camp site

Yearly close to

bus depot BRT Operator PIUs/DoE


movement None Specific

Areas

alongside the

road corridor Quarterly BRT Operator PIUs



spawning

All major

water bodies End of first year

of operation BRT Operator PIUs


Elevated Section including Tongi Bridge

The elevated sections has been designed for the three intersections (Sonagrgaon Intersection at km 3+075,

Abdullahpur Intersection at km 3+800 and Station Road Intersection at km 5+125) and Tongi Bridge (at km

3+900). The length of proposed elevated section is 3.5 km.

1. On the basis of identification of the environmental impacts and recommended mitigation measures

linked with the construction activities of elevated sections (including three flyovers and Tongi Bridge) an

EMP has been prepared considering impacts and therefore the mitigation specific to this section.


Table 4: Environmental Management Plan for elevated section including Tongi Bridge

Environmental

Parameters Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location

Institutional Responsibility


DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Provision of

Early Training

Awareness and

Training on

environmental

protection aspects

relevant to good

construction practices

may avoid

construction period

impacts affecting

river hydrology and

water quality

EPCM Consultant and BBA to

provide training as part of the

overall awareness and training

programs to be delivered before

construction begin.

Location to be

confirmed

EPCM

CONSULTANT/BBA

EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA

Climate Change Changes in climate

and long term

impacts on the

environment;

Consider potential impacts from

extreme climate change scenario

in designs for the Tongi Bridge

and elevated section.

Throughout the

elevated section

including Tongi Bridge

EPCM

CONSULTANT

PIUs


Environmental




5Tree Cutting

Different

types of plants need

to be removed as a

part of site

preparation for

construction activities

which will result in

potential ecological

and economic loss.

Prohibit cutting of trees

for firewood and for use in

project. Gas cylinders to be used

for fuel at the camp for cooking

purposes

Invasive species will not

be introduced into new

environment.

When construction work

is completed, trees and

understorey vegetation must be

planted, in order to help the

cleared areas in an effort to

attract wildlife such as birds.

Plant at least two trees

for every one tree cut.

Within elevated section


Contractor;

RHD

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/FD

Loss of

Structures and

Public Utilities

Some houses

within proposed

section and bridge

site will be relocated.

Inconvenienc

e caused by

disruption to public

utilities (Power/

Telephone lines).

Need to compensate for

the loss of structures.

Provision in the

construction budget for the

relocation of the existing utility

infrastructures wherever

required.

Within elevated section


EPCM

CONSULTANT/BBA


5 Size of the trees refer here circumference of the trees which are: Large=5' and Above; Medium= 2'7''-5'; Small= 7''-2'7''; Saplings= <6''


Environmental




The Bridge site The impact at bridge

site may result from

decisions on where to

place the work camps

and the concrete and

steel fabrication areas

as well as the batching

plant(s)

EPCM Consultant and BBA in

consultation with local

communities will agree on sites.

Construction camps, plant and

equipment and workshops to be

located away from sensitive areas

and not within 500 m.

At and around the

bridge site

EPCM

CONSULTANT/BBA


CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Road and

Navigation

Channel

Disruption

During

transportation of box

girders to the site the

road may be

completely blocked

Movement of

barges and other

construction vessels

and bridge

construction works

within the river will

interfere with local

navigation and

interrupt the river

traffic.

The transportation and erection

of box girders will be so timed to

minimise the impact on road

transportation.

The road users and nearby

residents will be informed of the

activity and consent of police

and local authorities will be

obtained before commencing the

activity. Further, all precautions

will be taken to ensure the safety

of the workers and road users.

In bridge demolition, the bridge

structure will not be dropped into

the river, but alternative means

will be used to avoid "dropping

the bridge" into rivers/streams.

Bridge site Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/

BIWTA


Environmental




This will be done by "sawing"

appropriate sections of the

bridge and using cranes to lift

these sections away, or

alternatively, by construction of

a platform onto which the bridge

could be lowered

Cofferdams, silt fences, sediment

barriers, or other devices will be

used as appropriate based on the

design to prevent migration of

silt during excavation and boring

operations within streams. If

cofferdams are used, these will

be dewatered and cleaned to

prevent siltation by pumping

from cofferdams to a settling

basin or a containment unit.

Riverbed

Sediment

Disturbance of

riverbed sediments

due to dredging

activities;

Contamination of

bottom sediments by

accidental spilling of

bituminous materials

and other petro-

chemicals.

Train construction workers on

safe handling of petroleum

products and chemicals to

prevent spillage or leakage to the

river or other water bodies;

Restrict disposal of any

construction waste into the river

or nearby water bodies;


entering drainage or irrigation

canals;

At and around the

bridge site

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/DoE


Environmental




Construction work close to river

to be minimized especially

during monsoon season;

Conduct regular riverbed

sediment quality monitoring

according to the recommended

sampling schedule.

Air Quality

changes Dust generation due

to construction

activities and

transport of

construction

materials.

Emissions from

vehicles, equipment

and machinery.

Vehicles transporting

construction material to be

covered;


maintained to a good standard

and discouraging idling of

engines.

Machinery emitting visible

smoke to be banned from

construction sites;

Contractor to prepare a dust

suppression program detailing

action to be taken to minimize

dust generation (e.g. spraying of

roads with water), and the

equipment to be used.

Equipping asphalt hot mix and

batching plants with fabric filters

or wet scrubbers to reduce dust

emissions;

Locate asphalt and crushing

plants away from residential

Construction sites

along the full length of

the project

Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIUs/DoE


Environmental




areas and social infrastructure

such as hospitals, mosques,

schools and madrasas. (Refer to

Annex 2 for locations of these).

Clearance should be at least 500

m and take into account the

prevailing wind direction.

Dust masks to be provided to

workers where dust hazards

exist;

Proper dust collection and

control systems to be installed at

crushers;

Air quality monitoring to be

carried out as per the schedule in

the environmental monitoring

plan.

Noise and

Vibration During erection of

box girders high

noise and vibration

may result.

Noise from

construction vehicles,

equipment and

machinery.

Vibration caused by

construction

activities.

The road users and nearby

residents will be informed of the

activity and consent of police

and local authorities will be

obtained before commencing the

activity. Further, all precautions

will be taken to ensure the safety

of the workers and road users.

Use of modern plant and

equipment with appropriate

muffling devices.

Construction sites

along the full length of

the project

Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIUs/DoE


Environmental




All powered mechanical

equipment and machinery to be

fitted with noise abating gear

such as mufflers for effective

noise control, in compliance with

DoE regulations.

Construction operations to be

restricted to appropriate time

schedules. BoX girder transport

and erection may have to be

carried out during the night.

Locate rock crushing, concrete

mixing and material shipment

yards away from residential

areas, schools, colleges and

hospitals.

Install temporary noise barriers

near sensitive locations such as

schools, religious places and

hospitals (Refer to Annex 2 for

locations)

Providing the construction

workers with suitable ear

protection as ear cap, or

earmuffs etc.

Surround the piers during

construction with an air bubble

curtain system or coffer dam.

Use a smaller hammer to


Environmental




reduce the sound pressure. The

sound produced in pile driving

has a direct relationship to the

force used to drive the pile. A

smaller hammer will have less

force on the pile therefore,

producing less sound.

Noise and vibration level

monitoring to be carried out as

per the schedule in the

environmental monitoring

plan.

Surface Water

Quality and

Hydrology

Construction of piers,

especially in the water

filled sections could

result in temporary

erosion and

deposition, potentially

impacting shoreline

and causing water

pollution.

The bridge is to be designed and

built in line with existing bridge

and latest hydrologic study

results. The water quality testing

will focus in sampling both

upstream and downstream of the

bridge construction site to

establish change over time.

Parameters to be tested as shown

in main EMP.

Take samples U/S and

D/S of the Tongi

Bridge

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/DoE

Dredging and

Dredged

Materials

River bank erosion

and pollution due to

spilling/seepage of oil

in the river.

Increase in

sedimentation and

dispersion of

Permits/NOC to be obtained,

from relevant authority such as

BIWTA prior to extraction

While dredging, special care to

be given to prevent any

spillage/seepage of oil from the

dredging machines;

At and around the

bridge site

Contractor EPCM CONSULTANT/PIU/BBA/

BWTA/DoE


Environmental




pollutants in dredged

material

Movement of barges should be

within the designated study

areas;

Dredged material from the river

bank to be tested for presence of

heavy metals and other pollutants

before its use. Note – some areas

were tested during the

preparation of EIA (refer to

Annex 2).

Fisheries Disturbance to

aquatic life including

migration of fish due

to bridge

construction.

Construction not to be

undertaken during high flood.

Construction along the

riverbanks must be avoided

during the fish breeding season

(July to September).

Deep water channel to be

maintained during bridge

construction.

Throughout the road

corridor particularly in

pond / ditch / river

areas (Refer to Annex

2).

Contractor



Environmental




OPERATION STAGE

Riverbed

Sediment

Contamination

Riverbed sediments

contamination due to

accidental spillage

from vehicular

movement.

Proper measures must be ensured

to prevent any oil spillage and

leakage from the vehicle

reaching river water.

Efforts will be made to clean the

spills of oil, toxic chemicals etc.

as early as possible.

Bridge area BBA BBA/DoE


Table 5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Elevated Section including Tongi Bridge

Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility



Tree cutting

Monitoring

activities

Check whether

proper compensation as

mentioned in RP is received

by PAPs.

Inspection

Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

During tree felling

and site clearing

operations Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A/FD

CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Air Quality






by DoE, Bangladesh

Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

Twice in a year;


EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A/DoE


by DoE, Bangladesh

Areas

surrounding

elevated

section


CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A/DoE



Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

Twice in a year;


EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A/DoE


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


Water Quality

Surface water:





Total P.

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Surface water

sources near

elevated

section

Quarterly in a

year;

for 2 years

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A/DoE

Groundwater:





Total P.

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Groundwater

near elevated

section

Twice in a year;


EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A/DoE

Riverbed Material pH, Fe, As, Pb, Hg,

Cd, Cr

Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

Tongi Bridge

site at Turag

River

Twice a year / on

complaints

for 2 years

Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A

Soil Erosion






Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

Material

storage sites

and all the

water bodies

near the

elevated

section

Once during rainy

season of the

Construction

period

Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A

Drainage

congestion

Check drainage plan


Conduct regular

inspection

Monitoring

Areas

surrounding

elevated

Weekly during

monsoon Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


section


movement Not Specified

Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

Quarterly Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A



spawning

Not Specified

All major

water bodies

near elevated

sector and

Turag River

Once in a year;


EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A

Waste

Management

Check storage,



Waste and effluents

to be collected and disposed

safely from all camps;

Waste and garbage

from bridge construction site

to be disposed safely.

Monitoring

Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

Weekly; during

construction Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A

Health and

Safety

Check quality of


construction camp.

Check safe water



Monitoring

Construction

sites, labor

camps and

areas

surrounding

elevated

Regularly; during

construction Contractor

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/BB

A


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility



Check toilets are

close to construction site and

separate toilet for female

workers;

First-Aid kit with

required tools and medicine;

The heavy

construction material to

handled and stored safely

putting due care on public

safety;

Heavy construction

materials at bridge

construction site to be stored

and handled safely; and

Check of personal

protective equipment (PPE)

for worker at the sites.

section

OPERATION STAGE

Tree

Plantation




proper plantation

with

proper species

Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

During June/ July

in first year NGO PIU/BBA/FD

Air Quality





by DoE, Bangladesh

Areas

surrounding

elevated

Once in year;

for 3 years BRT Operator PIU/BBA/DoE


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


Wind speed, Temperature section



Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

Once in year


Water Quality

Surface water:





Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Surface water

sources near

areas

surrounding

elevated

section

1/year


Groundwater:





Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Ground water

near areas

surrounding

elevated

1/year


Traffic Safety Record of accidents,

different level of disabilities/

fatalities.

Not Specified

Areas

surrounding

elevated

section

Full operation

period BRT Operator PIU/BBA



Areas

alongside the Quarterly BRT Operator PIU/BBA


Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


road corridor



spawning

All major

water bodies

At the beginning

and at End of first

year of operation

BRT Operator PIU/BBA


Bus Depot

The Gazipur BRT bus depot located nearby in Gazipur Town, 2 km west of BRRI on the north side of the

Chowrasta-Joydevpur Road, on a public land belonging to the Bangladesh Telecommunication Company

Limited (BTCL). The area of proposed bus depot is about 5 acres (2.023 ha) and will contain parking area

for 138 buses, filling station and maintenance workshop.

Nine kitchen markets of different sizes ranging from 640m2 to 4314m2 has been designed for different

locations along the BRT corridor as part of the urban infrastructure development. Each of the markets will

have sheds for multipurpose stalls, fish and meat stalls, open sales area, a market management committee

office, parking area etc.

A separate EMP has been prepared for the Bus depot, Kitchen markets and Access roads as some of the

impacts of construction and operational activities, particularly during operation, are specific. Some of the

mitigation action and monitoring proposed will have to be continued throughout the operation of these

facilities. While preparing the EMP, medium and significant impacts were considered in detail to

recommend practical mitigation measures.

Table 6: Environmental Management Plan for bus depot, kitchen markets and LGED roads

Environmental




IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: PRE-CONSTRUCTION

Provision of

Early Training

Awareness and Training on

environmental protection

aspects relevant to good

construction practices may

avoid construction period

impacts.

EPCM Consultant and LGED to provide

training as part of the overall awareness

and training programs to be delivered

before construction begin.

Location to

be confirmed

EPCM

CONSULTANT/LGED

EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU/LGED

Tree Cutting

Around 586 trees

including 6 large, 57 medium,

260 small and 263 saplings

will be cut down within bus

depot site due to site

preparation and construction

activities resulting in

potential ecological and

economic loss.

Prohibit cutting of trees for

firewood and for use in project. Gas

cylinders to be used for fuel at the camp

for cooking purposes. Cutting of

trees/bushes for fuel not to be allowed.

Invasive species will not be

introduced into new environment.

When construction work is

completed, trees and understory

vegetation must be planted, in order to

help the cleared areas in an effort to

attract some wildlife such as birds.

Plant at least two trees for

every one tree cut.

Within bus

depot area

LGED/ EPCM

CONSULTANT

PIU

Loss of

Structures and

Public Utility

The house within

proposed bus depot site will

be relocated.

Inconvenience

caused by disruption of

public utility (Power/

Telephone lines).

The householders will be

included in the RAP for compensation

and relocation;

Provision in the design and

budget for the relocation of the existing

utility infrastructures wherever

required.

Within the

bus depot

area

LGED/ EPCM

CONSULTANT

PIU

Environmental




IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Filling up of

water logged

area

Loss of retention

area;

Earthwork activities

during construction stage

may block connectivity with

other water bodies;

Drainage congestion

due to waste disposal and


To deal carefully at design and

planning stages based on hydrological

data.

Regular cleaning of channels to

avoid choking.

Wastes should not be disposed

near water bodies. All waste depending

on its characteristics, should be

disposed of at approved locations.

Near and

around water

bodies

adjacent to

bus depot

area

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Fisheries Filling of the

canal/pond due to

construction might affect

aquaculture and captive

fisheries.

The excavations for fill

materials may be used retention and

aquaculture

Within bus

depot area

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Wildlife The terrestrial

wildlife species might be

disturbed due to noise and

vibration at construction sites

and tree felling to cause

dislocation of habitats.

However, presences of

threatened or endangered

wildlife species were not

reported at the site.

New and good condition

machinery with low noise generation

characteristics to be used in

construction.

Construction work not to be

carried out at night.

Within bus

depot area

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Heritage and

Culture

A mosque was

identified at 50m north-west

side of the project area and

may be in risk of negative

impacts of construction

activities.

Use of modern plant and

equipment with appropriate muffling

devices.

Install temporary noise barriers

near the mosque.

Proper dust collection and

control systems to be installed.

Within bus

depot area

LGED/ Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Environmental




Surface water Pollution of surface

water may be caused due to

disposal of junk, cement

refuse and effluents in open

water bodies during the

construction of bus depot.

The workforce to be trained in

proper means for storage and handling

of materials and chemicals.

Work camps and work sites to

be provided with toilets and septic

tanks.

Washing of machinery and

vehicles in surface waters to be

prohibited.

Conduct regular water quality

monitoring according to the determined

sampling schedule.

Prevent construction debris

from entering drainage or irrigation

canals.

Wastes to be collected, stored

and taken to approve disposal sites.

Near and

around

water bodies

adjacent to

bus depot

area

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Groundwater

Contamination of

ground water table from

leachate of construction

waste and wastes from

workers’ camp

Workforce camp will be

located away from water resources. All

practical measures such as provision of

septic tanks, garbage bags and other

sanitation facilities will be implemented

at the construction camp to prevent the

wastewater and solid wastes from

entering well and groundwater recharge

areas.

Groundwater quality

monitoring to be carried out as per the

schedule in the environmental

monitoring plan.

Construction

site at bus

depot area

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Environmental




Air Quality

Dust Generation due

to construction activities and

transport of construction

materials.

Emissions from

vehicles, equipment and

machinery.

Regular watering at the

exposed sites needed to control dust

blowing.

Vehicles transporting

construction material to be covered.


maintained to a good standard and

idling of engines discouraged.

Machinery emitting visible

smoke to be banned from construction

sites.

Dust masks to be provided to

workers where dust hazards exist.

Conduct regular air quality

monitoring according to the determined

sampling schedule.

Construction

site at bus

depot area

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Noise and

vibration

Noise from

construction vehicles,

equipment and machinery.

Vibration caused by


All powered mechanical

equipment and machinery to be fitted

with noise abating gear such as

mufflers for effective noise control, in

compliance with DoE regulations.

Providing the construction

workers with suitable hearing

protection like ear cap, or earmuffs etc.

Noise measurement to be

carried out as per the schedule in the

environmental monitoring plan.

Construction

site at bus

depot area

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Soil

contamination Contamination of

soils at camp and work sites

due to accidental spillage of

noxious chemical, petroleum

derivatives and bituminous

material may happen.

The chemicals, cement,

petroleum derivatives and bituminous

materials to be handled, operate and

stored cautiously.

The construction materials be

stored properly, garbage removed

At work

camp and

construction

site

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Environmental




regularly and sites kept clean and tidy.

Construction

Camp and

Workshop

Loss of plantation

and vegetation.

Social disturbance

for nearby community

Construction camp and

workshop to be located away from

sensitive areas.

Water and good sanitation

facilities to be provided for the camp.

Minimise vegetation loss while

making site arrangements for

construction camp and other facilities.

Work site

and

particularly

at

Construction

camp

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

OHS - Workers Health risks due to

unsafe working conditions

Provision of safe water,

sanitary toilet facility and hygienic

accommodation for workers at camp

sites. In addition, ensure provision of

PPEs and First-Aid facility for them.

Work site

and

particularly

at

Construction

camp

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

Community

Health Safety risks due to

construction works

The labour works with

different transmittable diseases should

be restricted within the construction site

and replaced.

Drivers operating construction

vehicles to be trained in road safety

awareness.

Close consultation with local

communities to identify optimal

solutions for diversions to maintain

community integrity and social links.

Provision of proper safety and

diversion signage.

Work site

and

particularly

at

Construction

camp

Contractor EPCM

CONSULTANT/PIU

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE: OPERATION

Environmental




Tree plantation

Survival of flora and

fauna in the new

environment.

Undertake monitoring and

maintenance efforts for ensuring

survival of planted trees.

Plantation of tree varieties that

supports birds and sustainable and

having high wood value

Bus depot

area

RHD LGED/ DoE

Soil Contamination of soil

caused due to spillage of

petroleum derivatives and

other chemicals due to

machinery and vehicle

maintenance activities, and

leakage from store-house.

Service machinery and vehicles

strictly at designated maintenance

workshops where waste oils and

lubricants be collected and recycled.

Storage of coolant and oils

should be above ground with bunds so

that immediate soil contamination due

to spillage or leakage can be prevented.

Near and

around the

bus depot

area

Bus Operator/LGED LGED/DoE

Repair and

Maintenance of

vehicles

Accidental spills and leakage

of fuels is to be anticipated in

the Fuelling area.

In the storage area spillage of

Engine cooling liquids, Used

motor oil and Used

transmission oil will be a

problem that can have

significant adverse impacts if

these find their way in to soil,

surface or ground water.

The wash water will contain oil

and grease in addition to dust

and particulate matter from

exhaust.

All spillage of liquids including diesel,

oils, grease and waters will be

collected in a central area and drain to

a common location. This includes rain

waters which will eventually wash

spilled liquids on the surface. These

waters will be treated with decantation

and oil and grease traps to separate oil

and greases to conform to local

regulations prior to releasing them

outside the depot.

Used engine cooling liquids, used

motor oil and used transmission oil

will be stored in leak proof containers

and disposed of safely using approved

methods, to avoid environmental

Near and in

the bus

depot area

LGED/Bus Operator LGED/ DoE

Environmental




Diesel combustion gases are

rich in carbon oxide (CO) and

could be fatal if inhaled. The

effect of CO is also

cumulative.

Where repair /maintenance

work is performed on wet

vehicles the floor may

become slippery and may

cause accidents affecting the

safety of the workers.

contamination.

All work stations will be equipped

with devices for complete evacuation

of the engine exhaust gases. The

workshop will be ventilated at any

time and will include appropriate

equipment to extract fumes. Further,

the workshop will be equipped with

CO detectors.

The floor covering will be of material

that it is easy to clean and is slip

resistant

Environmental




Water quality Contamination of

water bodies from runoff

from the bus depot containing

oils and grease

Proper drainage system with oil

separators will be provided to avoid

contamination by run-off and oil spills.

Near and

around the

bus depot

area

LGED LGED/ DoE

Waste generation Solid waste and waste water

form market stalls could

contaminate the area and

water bodies. Wash water

from meat and fish stalls

could be issues if proper

collection and disposal is not

provided

If proper sanitary facilities are

not provided sanitation

problems could arise.

.

Solid waste will be managed

by provision of collection bins and

disposal facilities. Provisions will be

made to dispose meat and fish waste

separately at approved locations.

Stall floors will be sealed to

collect and divert the wash water for

proper management.

Public toilet facilities with

utilities as water supply, electricity,

drainage system etc. will be constructed

within the market areas

Kitchen

markets

LGED DoE

Table 7: Environmental monitoring plan for bus depot, kitchen markets and LGED access roads

Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility



Tree cutting Monitoring

activities Inspection Bus depot site

During tree felling

and site clearing

operations

LGED/ EPCM

CONSULTANT

LGED/ PIU/ EPCM

CONSULTANT

CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Air Quality H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, O3,

O2,CO2, TVOC, SPM, PM10


by DoE, Bangladesh

Construction

site at bus

depot

Twice Contractor LGED/ PIU/DoE/ EPCM

CONSULTANT


by DoE, Bangladesh

Construction

site at bus

depot

Regularly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT



Construction

site at bus

depot

Twice in a year;

for 2 years Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT

Water Quality

Surface water:





Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Surface water

near bus depot

site

Twice in a year;

for 2 years Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT

Groundwater:





Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Groundwater

near bus depot

site

Twice in a year;

for 2 years Contractor LGED/PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT

Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


Total P

Soil Pollution

pH, As, Pb, Hg, Cd,

Cr, Zn;

Check liquid waste

is carried out by experienced

personnel and in proper way.

Careful and proper

handling of oil and other

hazardous liquids.

Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

Construction

site near bus

depot

Twice per year for

2 years Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT

Soil Erosion






Government of

Bangladesh (GoB)

and International

Standard

Material

storage sites

and all the

water bodies

near bus depot

Once during rainy

season of the

Construction

period

Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT

Drainage

congestion

Check drainage plan


Conduct regular

inspection

Monitoring

Construction

site at bus

depot

Weekly during

monsoon Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT



Areas adjacent

to bus depot

site

Quarterly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ EPCM

CONSULTANT



spawning

Areas adjacent

to bus depot

site

Once in year Contractor LGED/ PIU/ EPCM

CONSULTANT

Waste

Management

Check storage,



Monitoring

Construction

site at bus

depot

Weekly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT

Environmental


Standards /


Monitoring

Period/

Frequency/

Sampling,

No/year

Responsibility


Health and

Safety

Check quality of


construction camp.

Check safe water




First-Aid kit with

required tools and medicine.

Monitoring

Construction

site at bus

depot

Regularly Contractor LGED/ PIU/ DoE/

EPCM CONSULTANT

OPERATION STAGE

Tree

Plantation




proper plantation

with

proper species

Bus depot site During June/ July LGED LGED/ PIU

Air Quality H2S, SOx, NOx, CO, CO2, ,

SPM, PM10


by DoE, Bangladesh Bus depot site Monthly LGED LGED/ PIU/ DoE


Control Rules (2006) Bus depot site Monthly LGED LGED/ PIU/ DoE

Water Quality

Surface water:





Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Surface water

near project

site

2/year

for 3 years LGED LGED/ DoE

Groundwater:





Total P

Water quality

standard by DoE,

Bangladesh

Groundwater

near project

site

2/year

for 3 years LGED LGED/ DoE


Figure : Soil Sampling at bus depot and river bed material collection from Turag River

Soil Quality

According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service,

soil quality is the capacity of a specific kind of soil to function, within natural or managed ecosystem

boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality, and support

human health and habitation. The soil in the project area is highly productive and suitable to support

different ecosystems in balance. The land in this area is mostly used for commercial purpose and a few areas

are used for fish cultivation and agriculture.


Figure: General soil map of Bangladesh

During the construction phase of the project, road embankment will be built by carried earth. Hence, there is

the chance of the native soil to be disturbed by the external carried earth. Soil samples collected on 10 June

2014 from 0.5 m depth of the surface at the bus depot (Figure 4.6) and were analyzed in the environmental

laboratory of BUET to assess the current soil quality of the project area. Table 4.5 reflects the test results of

the soil sample collected from the bus depot. Test report of soil analysis proved that soil collected from the


project area was acidic in nature and contained acceptable amount of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and

mercury (Hg) comparing with the standard of EU Directive 86/278/EEC for land application.

Table 8: Soil quality test results for selected location

Parameter Unit Concentration

(Bus Depot)

EU

Directive

86/278/EEC

for Land

Application

Method of Analysis

Arsenic (As) mg/kg 3.27 -------- USEPA 206.2; SM 3113 B

Lead (Pb) mg/kg 14.1 1200 USEPA 200.9 Rev 2.2; SM 3111 B

Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg 0.6 40 USEPA 212.2; SM 3113 B

Chromium (Cr) mg/kg 14.6 -------- USEPA 200.9 Rev 2.2; SM 3111 B

Zinc (Zn) mg/kg 33.8 4000 USEPA 200.9; SM 3111 B

Mercury (Hg) mg/kg 0 25 USEPA 245.1 Rev 3.0; SM 3112 B

pH --- 4.9 -------- --------

Source: Primary Data of BRT-2, 2014

Turag Riverbed Sediment Quality

Turag is an important river that passes through the border of Dhaka city and Gazipur district. As the river

bed sediments was considered to be highly polluted heavy metals two samples were collected on 9 June

2014 from 50 m downstream and 50 m upstream from the Tongi Bridge (Figure 4.5).

The monitoring results of metal content in sediments are provided in Table 4.6 and indicate no harmful

concentration in any of the samples except the concentration of iron which was the highest at 27800 mg/kg

and 27100 mg/kg for 50 m upstream and 50m downstream, respectively. The probable reason for the high

concentration of iron may be the soil quality of the project area and the effluent discharges from different

industries into the river. The mercury concentration was nil and pH was neutral for both of the locations

which is suitable for land application.

Table 9: Test results of riverbed sediment

Parameter Unit

Concentration Probable Effect

Concentration

(PEC): USEPA,

2000

Turag River

(50m Downstream

from Tongi Bridge)

Turag River

(50m Upstream from

Tongi Bridge)

Latitude 23052′89.3′′ 23052′93.9′′

Longitude 90023′98.0′′ 90024′08.8′′

Arsenic (As) mg/kg 3.6 4.8 33

Lead (Pb) mg/kg 11.2 14.6 128

Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg 0.3 0.3 4.98

Chromium (Cr) mg/kg 32.9 33.9 111

Iron (Fe) mg/kg 27100 27800 -

Mercury (Hg) mg/kg 0 0 1.06

pH - 7.0 7.2 -


Note: PEC- Probable Effect Concentration, Prediction of sediment toxicity using consensus-based

freshwater sediment quality guidelines, USEPA, 2000


Water Resources and Hydrology

Bangladesh is located over a subsiding basin of tectonic origin overlain with a great thickness of

sedimentary strata. This sedimentary stratum is an unconsolidated alluvial deposit of recent age overlaying

marine sediments. The recent delta and alluvial plains of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and the Meghna Rivers

constitute the upper formation. The near surface Quaternary alluvium contains good aquifer characteristics

(transmission and storage coefficients). The groundwater storage reservoir has three divisions: upper clay

and silt layer, a middle composite aquifer (fine to very fine sand) and a main aquifer consisting of medium

to coarse sand. Drinking water is generally taken from deep tube wells with strainers set between depths of

200 metres to around 400 metres (DPHE, 2011). The groundwater level is at or very close to the surface

during the monsoon; whereas, it is at maximum depth during the months of April and May (Banglapedia,

2010).

Drainage

Dhaka City is surrounded by the Buriganga River to the south, Turag River west to north, Balu River to the

east. The major surface water body near the project is the Turag River that crosses under the BRT project at

about chainage 3+850 to 3+950. The Turag River is navigable by shallow draft transportation where it

crosses under the project. Most of the streams and creeks are perennial.

The river channels surrounding Dhaka enter into the Meghna River. Rapid urbanization has modified the

hydrological system. Water extraction and blocking of some drainage channels have caused localized

waterlogging, accumulated pollution, localized land subsidence, and collapsed buildings in parts of the

metropolitan area.

There are numerous ponds and ditches within 1000 m of either side of the project (Annex 2). Many of these

catch the drainage from either side of the road upon which the project will be constructed.

Table 10: Ponds and ditches within 1000 m of the project corridor

Feature type Distance from main

corridor (m)

Left side (Airport-

Gazipur)

Right side (Airport-

Gazipur)

River 0-100 1 1

101-1000 1 1

Pond 0-100 17 18

101-1000 77 50

Ditch 0-100 23 19

101-1000 83 48

Canal/lake 0-100 1 1

101-1000 7 8

Flooding

Flooding in Bangladesh is a recurring phenomenon. Records show that severe floods occur about every 7

years, and catastrophic floods every 33-50 years. The annual rise in river water levels from Padma,


Bhramaputra and Meghna Rivers combine to pass through a restricted outlet and into the Bay of Bengal. The

tidal levels in the Bay affect the discharge capacity of the lower Meghna. The effects of these high river

water levels extend over most of the country, and are the main determinants of the drainage condition and

capacity. The surface drainage by gravity is limited, but land in the project area is above prevailing flood

levels.

The closure of some important canals within Dhaka city has also aggravated the situation and caused

drainage congestion. It has enhanced localized flooding from rainfall due to drainage system failure. The

combination of external floods from the rivers surrounding Dhaka city and localized drainage problems has

aggravated the flooding situation. However, the project area along Dhaka-Mymensingh Road is not subject

to flooding.

In 1988, dykes were built north and west of Dhaka bounded by rivers Turag, Buriganga and Balu. Large

pumping stations are planned to draw off the rain water. The encircling embankment has been used to form

the city ring road. This embankment protects the city from flooding from the river Turag’s right bank in the

north as far as the left embankment of Buriganga River in the south and west. The city’s embankment also

increased the flooding outside the embanked area, particularly in the low pockets of land, left and right of

the project corridor north of Tongi Bridge (Ch 4+000 m), which may cause periodic floods. Several low

pockets occur within a few km from the project area. However, these low pockets of land are away from the

project, and have interconnected channels draining to the south; thus, the project corridor is itself raised

above the surrounding land. Both sides of the corridor are served with large surface drains, and surface water

is diverted away from the project area along Dhaka-Mymensingh Road. Therefore, no inundation or

flooding of the project corridor is expected.

Surface Water

The project road alignment crosses one major river: Turag. Besides this, there are many ponds and ditches in

the project area (Annex 2). The quality of the surface water surrounding Dhaka and Gazipur district is poor.

Untreated discharge of industrial and municipal effluents into the rivers, swamps, and natural channels

causes water pollution. The manufacturing industries in the area of Tongi discharge effluent into Turag

River, which converges to the Balu and the Shitalakhya Rivers, downstream. The principal industries at

Tongi are aluminium, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In the area of Gazipur, the industries include

machine tools, heavy diesel plants, security printing presses, armaments and weapons, ceramics, packaging,

bricks, and garments factories. There are new factories near the alignment under development, which could

also affect the water quality in the future.

Surface Water Quality

To assess the current quality of surface water, water samples were collected on 9 to 15 June and 23 July

2014 from four locations along the project alignment (Figure 4.7). Laboratory of Bangladesh University of

Engineering and Technology (BUET), Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE) and Enviro

Consultants Ltd. analysed the samples. Some of the parameters were monitored at field site with field test

kits.

The pH and EC levels of all samples collected from the project area are presented in Table 4.8 met DoE’s

Surface Water Quality Standard for Irrigation. Surface water temperature varied between 33.7 to 35.9ºC.

The warm water temperatures recorded are typical of the time of year the samples were collected and the

lack of stream shading at most sampling locations. The low DO in all the water samples except at the bus

depot may have resulted from introduction of easily oxidized industrial and municipal organic wastes into

the water which consumed oxygen in decomposition. Turbidity contributed by total suspended sediment

which was higher in the Turag river samples than the rest of two samples is dependent on surface water

flow.


Figure : Surface water sampling at Turag River and bus depot

Table 11: Field test results for surface water samples

Parameter

Unit

DoE Surface

Water

Standard for

Irrigation

Concentration

Turag River

50m Up

Stream of

Tongi Bridge

Turag River

50m Down

Stream of

Tongi Bridge

Board

Bazar Bus Depot

Latitude 23052′56.0′′ 23052′53.6′′ 23056′37.4′′ 23059′42.1′′

Longitude 90024′05.8′′ 90024′00.1′′ 90022′55.2′′ 90023′47.8′′

Temperatur

e 0C 20-300C 35.9 34.8 33.9 33.7

pH - 6.5–8.5 7.62 7.61 7.9 7.5

TDS mg/L NYS 691 700 458 393

EC µS/cm 2250 at 250C 1389 1346 922 803

Turbidity NTU NYS 61 61 28 28.28

DO mg/L ≥5 0.18 0.48 0.2 5.09


Note: NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in light grey show values exceeding DoE Standard for Irrigation, The

Schedule-3(A) of (Standards for Inland Surface Water) Environmental conservation Rules, 1997 have been

considered.

The analytical results of surface water quality are summarized in Table 4.9. Copies of the laboratory analysis

results are provided in Annex 3.

For BOD5 the DoE standard for aquatic life is ≤10 mg/L, which is exceeded to a great extent in all the

sampling locations. The high level of BOD5 indicates the presence of excessive amount of organic matter in

the water. Very high COD levels were recorded at all points and among them the maximum values for COD

were found at the sampling point near Board Bazar.

Ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in all the surface water samples were found to be high which

indicates the discharge of municipal wastewater from the surroundings to the surface water body. In

addition, industrial and domestic waste and the slum areas are major sources of pollution. The slums in and


around the sampling locations were reported to be using open air toilets which adds to microbiological

pollution of surface water. As a result, biological parameters as total coliform and faecal coliform, for the

samples, were too numerous to count. Moreover, low flow of water, lack of rainfall and increase in

temperature also contribute to the pollution level of surface water.

Among the toxic metals, arsenic and manganese were monitored and their concentrations were found to be

at low levels for all locations.

Table 12: Analytical test results for surface water samples

Parameter

Unit

DoE Surface

Water

Standard for

Irrigation

Concentration

Turag River

50m Up

Stream of

Tongi Bridge

Turag River

50m Down

Stream of

Tongi Bridge

Board

Bazar

Bus

Depot

BOD5 mg/L ≤10 44.52 41.4 57.24 23.88

COD mg/L NYS 99.2 96 133.33 80

TSS mg/L NYS 186 179 98 93

Iron (Fe3+) mg/L NYS 0.0098 0.0090 0.0079 0.0061

Manganese (Mn) mg/L NYS 0.41 0.39 0.28 <MDL

Ammonia-Nitrogen

(NH3-N) mg/L 1.2 15.63 14.28 10.78 17.13

Total Nitrogen mg/L NYS 0.75 0.72 12.21 11.64

Total Phosphorous mg/L NYS 7.38 7.18 7.8 9.3

Arsenic (As) mg/L NYS 0 0 0.002 0.001

Total Coliform (TC) CFU/

100ml ≥1000 TNTC TNTC TNTC TNTC

Faecal Coliform (FC) CFU/

100ml NYS TNTC TNTC TNTC TNTC


Note: TNTC-Too numerous to count, MDL- Minimum detection limit, NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in

light grey show values exceeding DoE Standard for Irrigation, The Schedule-3(A) of (Standards for Inland

Surface Water) Environmental conservation Rules, 1997 have been considered.

Groundwater and Groundwater Quality

In and around Dhaka, groundwater is a stable source of water for various activities including irrigation (both

shallow and deep tube wells), domestic purposes (hand pumps) and industrial applications (deep wells) in

the project area. The groundwater table in most of Bangladesh exists at a shallow to moderate depth

(generally less than 3 m below surface). There are semi-confined and unconfined aquifers, which are being

recharged by major river systems and by infiltration of rain water. The groundwater table fluctuates with

seasons approaching near ground surface (less than 1 m below surface) over most of the country during wet

season (July-September). The level of groundwater in the project area in the dry season is lowered to about 6

m below surface before the end of monsoon. Groundwater extraction has increased more than 900% over the

last 30 years, resulting in the lowering of the water level by 20 m below surface in some places.


Groundwater samples were collected on 9 to 16 June and 23 July 2014 from the hand pumped shallow tube

wells near the project corridor (Figure 4.8). The samples were analysed in BUET, DPHE and ECL

laboratory in Dhaka. Among all the parameters Temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electric

Conductivity (EC), Turbidity and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) were analysed at the field site and the

concentration of those parameters except DO were within the DoE’s Potable Water Quality Standard

(PWQS) which are presented in the Table 13.

Table 13: Field test results for groundwater samples

Parameter

Unit

DoE Potable

Water Quality

Standard

Concentration

Tongi Bridge Board Bazar Bus Depot Shivbari

Latitude 23052′51.1′′ 23056′34.1′′ 24000′03.3′′ 24000′05.6′′

Longitude 90023′57.8′′ 90022′53.7′′ 90023′39.0′′ 90024′58.2′′

Temperatur

e 0C 20-300C 27.4 28 28.1 26.9

pH - 6.5–8.5 6.97 6.97 7.16 7.22

TDS mg/L 1000 219.5 658 239 204.8

EC µS/cm NYS 452 1318 484 425

Turbidity NTU 10 0.0 0.00 2.0 5.62

DO mg/L 6 1.75 2.8 3.33 2.04


Note: NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in light grey show values exceeding the ECR PWQS, The Schedule-

3(B) of (Standards for Potable Water) Environmental conservation Rules, 1997 have been considered.

The laboratory analytical test results of the groundwater samples are presented in Table 4.11 and found to be

within the acceptable limits set by the DoE except for total phosphorous concentration. The microbial

quality (Total coliform and Fecal coliform) for all the locations was also in the allowable limit of DoE. In

Board Bazar, the groundwater quality fluctuated due to the high concentration of COD, BOD5, Manganese

and Total Phosphorous. In the case of arsenic and other metals, the groundwater quality was found to be

within the DoE’s drinking water standards. To sum up, the groundwater adjacent to the project corridor is

suitable for human consumption.

Table 14: Analytical test results of ground water quality in BRT project area

Parameter

Unit

DoE

Potable

Water

Quality

Standard

Concentration

Tongi

Bridge

Board

Bazar

Bus

Depot Shivbari

BOD5 mg/L 0.2 0.02 0.45 0.26 0.64

COD mg/L 4 3.2 6.4 2.88 1.6

TSS mg/L 10 4 8 9 11

Fe+3 mg/L 0.3-1.0 0.014 0.013 0.0099 0.018

Manganese mg/L 0.1 0.13 0.27 0.13 0.13

Ammonia-Nitrogen mg/L NYS 0.24 0.27 0.18 0.1


Figure 4.8: Groundwater sampling at Board Bazar and Tongi Bridge

Parameter

Unit

DoE

Potable

Water

Quality

Standard

Concentration

Tongi

Bridge

Board

Bazar

Bus

Depot Shivbari

(NH3-N)

Total Nitrogen mg/L 1.0 0.26 0.26 0.28 0.29

Total Phosphorous mg/L 0.0 0.18 0.35 0.27 0.39

Arsenic (As) mg/L 0.05 0.001 <MDL 0.002 0.001

Total Coliform (TC) CFU/

100ml 0.0 0 0 0 0

Fecal Coliform (FC) CFU/

100ml 0.0 0 0 0 0


Note: MDL- Minimum detection limit, NYS- Not yet set, Cells shaded in light grey show values exceeding

the ECR PWQS, The Schedule-3(B) of (Standards for Potable Water) Environmental conservation Rules,

1997 have been considered.

Air Quality

Ambient air quality data at various locations of the project corridor was measured to establish a baseline

database. The aim was to identify areas that already have high pollution levels or are expected to experience

so, on account of the road project, and to design adequate mitigation measures, as applicable.

Motor vehicles and traditional brick kilns are two of the main causes of air pollution in the project area.

More recently, several industrial undertakings have also contributed to increasing air pollution. The main air

pollutants in Dhaka City are nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), total suspended particles (TSP)

and PM10 (particulate matter with diameter of 10 microns or smaller), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon

dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Motor

vehicles are the major source of PM pollution. Most of the PM pollutants (greater than 80%) come from

diesel-run vehicles. In the low-lying agricultural land surrounding Dhaka city, hundreds of brick kilns which

contribute to high levels of particulate matter, operate during the dry months November– April.

Dispersal of pollutants depends upon factors like prevailing wind direction and other weather conditions,

atmospheric stability, height of the source.


In order to monitor ambient air quality at five locations, the field investigation was undertaken on 11 to 12

June 2014. One hour sampling was done in each of the locations for all of the parameters. Measured ambient

air quality data are recorded in Table 15.

Table 15: Ambient air quality test results for five locations along the project corridor

Parameter Unit

Sampling Location

Bangladesh

Standard

(ECR, 2005) Airport

Tongi

Station

Road

Board Bazar Joydevpur

Chowrasta Bus Depot

Latitude 23051′02.3′′ 23053′33.6′′ 23056′41.6′′ 23059′22.3′′ 23059′42.3′

′

Longitude 90024′31.5′′ 90024′07.9′′ 90022′57.8′′ 90022′55.3′′ 90023′46.8′′

TSP µg/m3 1544.95 1277.77 782.25 2048.33 335.22 200 (8 hrs.)

PM10 µg/m3 260.8 136.11 101.61 444.99 41.79 150 (24 hrs.)

SO2 µg/m3 97.72 15.64 20.6 28.38 6.35 365 (24 hrs.)

NOX µg/m3 396.31 165.25 134.03 176.27 50.74 100 (Annual)

O3 µg/m3 18.24 11.46 12.65 14.76 2.34 235 (1 hr.)

O2 % 20.9 20.9 21.03 20.89 20.9 NYS

CO mg/m3 9.86 9.69 16.42 10.98 9.64 40 (1 hr.)

CO2 mg/m3 473.77 483.13 470.27 479.01 418.85 NYS

TVOC mg/m3 0.0 0.01 0.0 0.0 0.0 NYS

H2S mg/m3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NYS

Temp 0C 28.23 27.92 37.36 36.74 27.22 NYS

Humidity % 75.95 71.57 58.90 61.76 75.98 NYS

Wind Speed m/sec 0.55 0.54 0.81 1.52 0.54 NYS

Wind

Direction Degree

266.980

South-West

165.360

South-East

185.550

South-West

174.800

South-East

2650

North-West NYS


Note: NYS- Not yet set; Cells shaded in light grey indicate concentration levels in excess of DoE standard,

the amended schedule-2, 2005 of (Air Quality Standard) Environmental Conservation Rules 1997 have been

considered.

From the analysis, it was established that TSP levels exceeds the DoE standard for ambient air quality (DoE,

2005)6 for all observation points. Likewise, the concentration of NOx was higher than the standard limit for

all the locations except at the location for the Bus Depot. Moreover, PM10 also exceeds the DoE standard

limit at Airport and Joydevpur Chowrasta. Other parameters as O3, CO, and SO2 were within the standard

limit set by the DoE. In most of the cases, TSP, NOx, and PM10 were high possibly due to heavy traffic

movement and idling engines during traffic jams. TSP, PM10 and NOx contribute to degradation of ambient

air quality and damage to public health which may lead to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases or lung

cancer. The ambient air quality monitoring reports are provided in Annex 3.

6 DoE. 2005. Schedule-2 Air Quality Standards. Environmental Conservation Rules. Ministry Of Environment and Forests, GoB


Figure : Ambient air quality monitoring at Airport and Board Bazar

Noise Level

Noise from vehicles is a major pollutant in the streets around the BRT alignment, as vehicular traffic is more

or less continuous during the day with trucks dominating the night time traffic. The ECR provides an

ambient standard of Leq 70 dB (A) (daytime) and Leq 60 dB (A) (night time) for commercial areas that

includes most of the project area. Within 100 m of schools and hospitals, the ambient standard is Leq 50 dB

(A) (daytime) and Leq 40 dB (A) (night time). The standard for residential areas is Leq 55 dB (A) (daytime)

and Leq 45 dB (A) (night time) (DoE, 2006)7.

Noise level data were collected in the same locations as air samples, at five locations, 2 times/day at

different traffic congested areas on 11 to 12 June 2014. Noise level monitoring was conducted during day (6

am to 9 pm) and night time (9 pm to 6 am).

Table 16: Noise level at five locations along the project corridor

Sampling

Location GPS Location

Noise Level (dB) Leq

Date and Time Day Time Date and Time Night Time

Airport N 23051′02.3′′

E 90024′31.5′′

16/06/2014,

5:56 - 6:56 PM 84.60

16/06/2014,

12:58 -1:58 AM 86.26

Tongi Station

Road

N 23053′33.6′

E 90024′07.9′′

15/06/2014

6:14 - 7:14 PM 87.16

15/06/2014,

9:45 -10:45 PM 84.65

Board Bazar N 23056′41.6′′

E 90022′57.8′′

15/06/2014

10:12 - 11:12

AM

96.86 15/06/2014,

11:09-12:09 AM 86.67

Joydevpur

Chowrasta

N 23059′22.3′′

E 90022′55.3′′

16/06/2014,

9:12-10:12 AM 97.68

16/06/2014,

10:38 -11:38 PM 94.89

Bus Depot N 23059′42.3′′

E 90023′46.8′′

16/06/2014,

10:30 - 11:30AM 53.50

16/06/2014,

9:09 -10:09 PM 51.86

Bangladesh Standard for Noise Level

(Noise Pollution Control Rules, 2006)

Day Time

(6 am-9 pm)

Night Time

(9 pm-6 am)

Silent Zone 50 40

7 DoE. 2006. Amended Schedule 4, Environmental Conservation Rules. Ministry of Environment and Forests, GoB


Sampling


Noise Level (dB) Leq


Residential Area 55 45

Mixed Area 60 50

Commercial Area 70 60

Industrial Area 75 70


Note: Cells shaded in light grey indicate noise levels in excess of Noise Pollution Control Rules of ambient

noise limits, the amended schedule-4 of (Noise Level) Environmental Conservation Rules 1997 have been

considered.

From the analysis results, it is observed that the noise level exceeds DoE standard limit for all the locations

both in day and night time. For Board Bazar, Tongi station road and Airport (Hazrat Shahjalal International

Airport) noise level both in day and night time exceeded DoE standards (DoE, 2006)8. The noise level for

Joydevpur Chowrasta was much higher than the DoE’s standard limit for commercial zone. As the Bus

Depot is in the residential area, the noise level was comparatively lower than the other four locations, but it

also exceeded the DoE’s residential zone standard. At the airport, the noise level at night was found a little

bit higher than the day time where higher traffic movement was observed at night. However, at this location

the noise level both during day and night exceeded DoE standards for commercial zone (DoE, 2006) 9. The

selected monitoring locations except Bus Depot were over congested with traffic and may have caused high

noise levels. The noise monitoring reports are provided in Annex 3.

8 1997. GoB. Amended Schedule 4, Environmental Conservation Rules. Ministry of Environment and Forests 9 Environmental Conservation Rules, 1997. Ministry of Environment and Forests


Figure: Monitoring of noise and vibration level during day and night at Gazipur Chowrasta

Vibration Level

Ground vibrations produced by road traffic and other activities along the road alignment were monitored to

establish a baseline database. The same locations as for noise were used for vibration measurements. The

vibration data were collected at daytime (6 am-9 pm) and night time (9 pm-6 am) on 11 to 12 June 2014.

The magnitude of vibration generated and expressed as Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) was measured in

millimetres per second (mm/s). Measured vibration level data are recorded in Table 17.

Table 17: Vibration level at five locations along the project corridor

Sampling


Vibration (mm/s)


Airport N 23051′02.3′′

E 90024′31.5′′

16/06/2014,

5:56 - 6:56 PM 0.10

16/06/2014,

12:58 -1:58 AM 0.06

Tongi

Station

Road

N 23053′33.6′

E 90024′07.9′′

15/06/2014

6:14 - 7:14 PM 0.07

15/06/2014,

9:45 -10:45 PM 0.05

Board Bazar N 23056′41.6′′

E 90022′57.8′′

15/06/2014

10:12 - 11:12

AM

0.10 15/06/2014,

11:09-12:09 AM 0.04

Joydevpur

Chowrasta

N 23059′22.3′′

E 90022′55.3′′

16/06/2014,

9:12-10:12 AM 0.10

16/06/2014,

10:38 -11:38 PM 0.05

Bus Depot N 23059′42.3′′

E 90023′46.8′′

16/06/2014,

10:30 - 11:30AM 0.05

16/06/2014,

9:09 -10:09 PM 0.03


The vibration level measurement along the proposed project corridor investigated the ground level vibration

induced by the traffic movement. Ground level vibration is mainly produced due to the rolling of wheels on

the road surface when passing over irregularities of the road. At day time measurement, the vibration level

was higher for all the locations except Bus Depot area due to heavy traffic movement. On the other hand, the

vibration level was lower for all the locations at night.


CHAPTER3

RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND COMPLIANCE MEASURES

Table : Actual Observation of Monitoring Results

Monitoring

parameter

Method of

monitoring

Location Frequency of

monitoring

Monitoring

Results

National

Standard

Remarks

Water Shown in

table 1

-DO

-PH

-BOD

Air Shown in

table 1

-PM2.5

-PM10

-SOx

-NOx

Noise (dB)

Shrillness of

Shown in

table 1

Sound Shown in

table 1

Soil

Fertility of

soil

Shown in

table 1

Construction works of GDSUTP (BRT, Gazipur-

Airport) is still to commence. Results of

environmental monitoring and compliance

measures shall be elaborately described during the

construction stage. Record on disclosure of

monitoring information will be possible to furnish

once the construction works begin in early 2016.


CHAPTER 4

RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

1. Identification of key issues on affected ecosystems, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement;

2. Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholders response;

3. Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.

Construction works of GDSUTP (BRT, Gazipur- Airport) is still to commence. Identification of key issues

on affected ecosystems or compliant from affected people could be described only after commencement of

construction of the proposed road. Results of environmental monitoring and compliance measures shall be

elaborately described during the construction stage. Recommendation for improvement and monitoring

adjustment measures shall be furnished once the construction works begin in early 2016

Documents

Environmental Monitoring Report 2862/63/64-BAN(SF ......Environmental Monitoring Report Project Number: 42169-013 Annual Report November 2015 2862/63/64-BAN(SF): Greater Dhaka Sustainable