ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT METHODSBREEAM / LEED / GreenStar

18th September 2008

Emma Kauppaymuthoo

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Topics

What are EAMs and why are they used? General methodology of EAMs Most common schemes: BREEAM (UK) LEED (USA) GreenStar (Australia)

How comparable are EAMs? How do they influence Building Services design?

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What are EAMs and why are they used? EAM (Environmental Assessment Method): measure of environmental

performance

Benchmarks and checklists of criteria to be met

Credits awarded for level of performance achieved

Key drivers:

Demonstrate sustainability credential to planning authorities, investors and customers

Gain market recognition as a leader in green building industry

Improve image

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General methodology

Request forassessment

Identify building type & functions

Registration under appropriate scheme

Evidence gathered

Assessor advice &

consultancy

First stage of assessment Design & Procurement Assessment

(Optional)

Submission to certifying body *

QAPassed?

Interim certification

Amendments / additional info

Onto Post Construction

stage

Y

N

* Submission: either report or evidences submitted online

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General methodology

From D&P Assessment

Post-construction evidence gathered

Second stage of assessment Post Construction Review

Submission for certification

QAPassed?

Amendments / additional info

Certificate awarded

Y

N

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Preliminary assessment report

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Full D&PAssessmentreport

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Most common schemes

Launch date 1990 1998 2003

Certifying body Building ResearchEstablishment (BRE, UK)

US Green Building Council (USGBC)

Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA)

Required qualifications

BREEAM assessor (completed training, exam

& test assessment)

LEED Accredited Professional (exam)

GreenStar Accredited Professional (exam)

Types of buildings assessed

Offices, Retail, Healthcare, Industrial,

Multi-residential, Courts, Prisons, Education,

Bespoke(Residential under CSH)

Offices, Retail, institutional buildings

(libraries, schools, museums, churches),

hotels, residential

Offices, Retail, Education(Healthcare, Multi-

residential and mixed-use in pilot stage of development)

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BREEAM

2006 2008CATEGORY Credits Weight Credits Weight

Management 9 15% 10 12%

Health & Wellbeing 13 15% 13 15%Energy 18

25%24 19%

Transport 15 10 8%

Water 6 5% 6 6%

Materials 1210%

13 12.5%Waste 10 7 7.5%Land Use & Ecology 15 15% 10 10%

Pollution 6 15% 12 10%TOTAL 98 100% 105 100%

% SCORE

RATING 2006 2008

UNCLASSIFIED - <30

PASS ≥25 ≥30

GOOD ≥40 ≥45

VERY GOOD ≥55 ≥55

EXCELLENT ≥70 ≥70

OUTSTANDING - ≥85

BREEAM: Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment MethodCovers environmental areas as well as social and economical areas (energy saving and occupant health and wellbeing)

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BREEAM

BREEAM 2008 update: to keep the scheme current with regard to legislation and changes in industry.

Major changes:-

Two-stage certification process (Post-construction assessment now required)

“Outstanding” rating introduced

Weightings modified

Energy credits now based on EPC rating

Minimum requirements for each rating level

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BREEAM

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTSTotal

creditsMandatory credits for each rating

P G VG E O

Man 1 - Commissioning 2 1 1 1 1 2Man 2 - Considerate Constructors 2 - - - 1 2Man 4 - Building User guide 1 - - - 1 1Hea 4 – High frequency lighting 1 1 1 1 1 1Hea 11 – Thermal zoning 1 1 1 1 1 1Hea 12 – Microbial contamination 1 1 1 1 1 1Ene 1 - Reduction of CO2 emissions 15 - - - 6 10Ene 2 - Sub-metering of energy uses 1 - - 1 1 1Ene 5 – Low or zero carbon technologies 3 - - - 1 1Wat 1 - Water consumption 3 - 1 1 1 2Wat 2 - Water meter 1 - 1 1 1 1Wst 3 - Recyclable waste storage 1 - 1 1 1 1LE4 – Mitigating ecological impact 2 - - 1 1 1

Minimum requirements within BREEAM 2008

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LEED Intent (USGBC): “to assist in

the creation of high performance, healthful, durable, affordable and environmentally sound buildings” and

To provide a national standard for what constitutes a “green building”.

ENERGYSAVINGS

30%

CARBONSAVINGS

35%

WATERUSE

SAVINGS30-50%

WASTECOST

SAVINGS50-90%

Average savings of green buildings

(Source: USGBC)

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LEED 7 prerequisites Raw totals - No weighting applied Submissions to USGBC done online

CATEGORY CreditsSustainable sites 14

Water efficiency 5

Energy & Atmosphere 17

Materials & Resources 13Indoor Environmental Quality 15

Innovation & Design process 5

TOTAL 69

52 to 69 points = 'Platinum’

39 to 51 points = 'Gold’

33 to 38 points = 'Silver’

26 to 32 points = 'Certified’

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Mandatory Requirement Description of requirement

Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Reduce pollution from construction activities by controlling soil erosion, waterway sedimentation and airborne dust generation.

Building Systems Commissioning Verify and ensure that fundamental building elements and systems are designed, installed and calibrated to operate as intended through best practice commissioning procedures.

Minimum Energy PerformanceDesign to meet building energy efficiency and performance as required by ASHRAE 90.1 1999, or your local code, whichever is more stringent. Analyze expected baseline building performance using the System/Component Method.

Fundamental Refrigerant Management Zero use of CFC-based refrigerants in new building HVAC&R systems.

Storage & Collection of RecyclablesProvide an easily accessible area that serves the entire building that is dedicated to the separation, collection and storage of materials for recycling including (at a min) paper, glass, plastics and metal.

Minimum IAQ PerformanceMeet the minimum requirements of voluntary consensus standard ASHRAE 62-1999, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality and approved Addenda. (e.g. Locate building outdoor air intakes away from loading areas, building exhaust fans, cooling towers, and other sources of contamination).

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ControlPrevent exposure of building occupants and systems to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS). Zero exposure of non smokers to ETS by prohibition of smoking in the building OR provide a designated smoking room designed to effectively contain, capture, and remove ETS from the building.

Minimum requirements within LEED

LEED

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GreenStar Based on existing rating systems including BREEAM and LEED Tailored to the Australian marketplace and environmental context Categories:

Management Indoor Environment Quality Transport Energy (ratings based on ABGR energy rating) Water Materials Land Use and Ecology Emissions

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(Score 45 - 59)

‘Best Practice’

GreenStar

(Score 60 - 74)

'Australian Excellence’

(Score 75 - 100)

‘World Leadership'

CATEGORY Credits Weight

Management 12 10%

Indoor Environmental Quality 27 20%Energy 24 25%Transport 11 10%Water 13 12%Materials 20 20%

Land use & ecology 8 8%Emissions 14 5%

TOTAL 129 100%

Rating bands

No prerequisites 5 points available for Innovation Total score weighted

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How comparable are EAMs? BREEAM score achieved ≠ LEED score ≠ GreenStar score Specific credit criteria to be assessed individually Not all BREEAM items are covered by LEED and vice-versa

44%

20%

36%

BREEAM -> LEED comparable items

Not comparableNot fully comparableDirectly comparable

BRE’s view on comparison of ratings

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Impact of EAMs on Building Services Design Independently of the methodology (BREEAM, LEED, etc.) energy and indoor

environmental quality are key issues in sustainability. About 50% of total credits in the EAMs are building services dependent.

53%54%46%

BREEAM LEED GreenStar

Client requirements for a specific rating level = min. requirements to be met Project team to consider feasibility and costs and weight different options to

meet target rating.

Percentage of Building Services dependent credits