Environmental analysis applying inner-shell spectroscopies and the

molecular orbital theory

Jun Kawai

Kyoto University

Acknowledgements

S. Kunimura, N. Sasaki

Asahi Glass Foundation

MTA-JSPS Joint Resaerch Project

Portable TXRF with Hamamatsu Photonics tube (1W)

www.fisichem.com

http://www.x-ray.co.jp/imp_pico.html

http://www.rigaku.co.jp/products/p/xfex0015/

37kg

70kg

5 kg

http://www.technos.co.jp/products/index.html

Non-mono X-ray tube

1 WDetection li

mit 1 ng August 2007

XRF

X-ray

TXRF

XRF + Scat.X-ray

Non-TXRF

K: 6 ngCa ， Sc ， Ti ， V ， Cr ， Mn ，Fe: 8 ngNi: 24 ngS: 435 ng

TXRF ： Yoneda & Horiuchi (1971)

TXRF Yoneda & Horiuchi (1971)

April, 2007

HoriuchiKunimura

9 ng of V

Blank

20 x 7 L

Vanadium containing mineral water

K: 6 ngCa, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe: 8 ng, Ni: 24 ng S: 435 ng

20 L ｘ 0.5 ppm Cr

20 mm

0.8 m1 mm

5 mm

100 mm

Si waferSi wafer

Al stripsAl strips

Egorov: X-Ray Spectrom. 33 (2004)360

Detector

Sample

Reflectors

www.fisichem.com

Conventional XRF TXRF

H.J. Sanchez: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. B 194 (2002) 90

Waveguide Mode Formation

Air

MoBeMo

Substrate

2 3

Ca - Fe 4 ng, Ni 12 ng

Si50 m W

X-ray

X-rays 50 m

~150 m

…

…

~25 m

Music plate lens

X-ray wave guide

Detection limit for various TXRF spectrometers

Donau

Kamogawa Kyoto

0 5 10 15 20 25

Rh KRh KC

Fe K

Fe KIn

tens

ity

Energy (keV)

10 11 12 13 14

As K Fe K+K

Pb L

Fe K+KSe K

As KPb L

Inte

nsity

Energy (keV)

50 kV X-ray tube

zoom

Standard soil sample (KKS)Pb 1077 ppmAs 408 ppmSe 314 ppmCd 614 ppmHg 72 ppm

15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

1

2

3

4

L/L

Accelerating voltage (kV)

Conclusions• Non-mono X-ray tube 1 W, TXRF: Detecti

on limit 1 ng at August 2007• X-ray optics: wave guides, music lens, di

scharge X-ray tube, …• Quantum chemistry-Pb La/Lb ratio…