English ColoniesEnglish Colonies

Social/Political/EconomicSocial/Political/Economic

ConflictsConflicts

Another Essay TopicAnother Essay Topic

Though there where many differences in Though there where many differences in the development of the New England, the development of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies, they had Middle, and Southern colonies, they had much in common. much in common.

What conditions and experiences were What conditions and experiences were common to American colonists common to American colonists regardless of their colony or region?regardless of their colony or region?

Outline War and Rebellion and King Outline War and Rebellion and King Phillip’s WarPhillip’s War

Bacon’s RebellionBacon’s Rebellion

Outline section addressing Trade Pages Outline section addressing Trade Pages

Outline the Iroquois ConfederationOutline the Iroquois Confederation

Outline King William’s WarOutline King William’s War

Outline Salem Witchcraft Outline Salem Witchcraft

King Phillip's War 1675King Phillip's War 1675

More English population-More English population-causes Native hostilitycauses Native hostility

New England- 1675 New England- 1675

Metacom- or King Phillip Metacom- or King Phillip of the Wampanoag tribe-of the Wampanoag tribe-

Planned a war across Planned a war across New EnglandNew England

Attacked 25 of 90 Puritan Attacked 25 of 90 Puritan townstowns

Bloodiest Indian war Bloodiest Indian war

Narragansett tribe helped Narragansett tribe helped the Wampanoag'sthe Wampanoag's

Puritans unite to put Puritans unite to put down the revoltdown the revolt

Significance- Indians are Significance- Indians are in New England in New England devastated thousands devastated thousands killedkilled

Bacon’s RebellionBacon’s Rebellion

Virginia- class conflict is beginning “Rich v. Virginia- class conflict is beginning “Rich v. Poor”Poor”Land starts to become scarceLand starts to become scarceNew immigrants and former indentured New immigrants and former indentured servants want landservants want landPeople move West and this causes People move West and this causes Native Native problems- fear and violenceproblems- fear and violenceBegins about the time of King Phillip’s War Begins about the time of King Phillip’s War 1675-761675-76

Tidewater Tidewater VirginiaVirginia

Frontiersmen and Indians fightFrontiersmen and Indians fight

Violence erupts in the western portion of Violence erupts in the western portion of VirginiaVirginia

Frontier settlers ask for protection from Frontier settlers ask for protection from Governor BerkeleyGovernor Berkeley

Governor BerkeleyGovernor Berkeley

A old, Royal appointeeA old, Royal appointeeWas seen as corrupt, protecting Was seen as corrupt, protecting landowners and not attacking a major landowners and not attacking a major problem- the Indiansproblem- the Indians

Frontier settlers wanted Indians killed or Frontier settlers wanted Indians killed or removed for more land to be settledremoved for more land to be settled

Berkeley did not send and army but built Berkeley did not send and army but built forts.forts.

Nathaniel BaconNathaniel Bacon

Bacon wanted to remove the Indian presence in Bacon wanted to remove the Indian presence in the west the west

Became the leader of a group of Frontiersmen Became the leader of a group of Frontiersmen who attacked the Indianswho attacked the Indians

Berkley called for Bacon’s arrestBerkley called for Bacon’s arrest

Bacon very popular, raises troops and goes after Bacon very popular, raises troops and goes after Berkeley-Berkeley-

Berkeley flees and Bacon dies young of natural Berkeley flees and Bacon dies young of natural causes causes

Charles II sent 1000 soldiers to restore orderCharles II sent 1000 soldiers to restore order

Significance of Bacon’s RebellionSignificance of Bacon’s Rebellion

Conflicts existedConflicts existed and patterns are reinforced: and patterns are reinforced: Anglo and Native societies don’t mixAnglo and Native societies don’t mix

Conflict between Conflict between rich and poorrich and poor are evident in are evident in the earliest period of American historythe earliest period of American history

The The Royal GovernmentRoyal Government was determined to was determined to assert control when threatened- <economic assert control when threatened- <economic interest>interest>

Triangular TradeTriangular Trade

Quiz: Quiz:

Explain the concept of Salutary Neglect Explain the concept of Salutary Neglect and and

evaluate the significance of the Navigation evaluate the significance of the Navigation Acts of the 17Acts of the 17thth (1600s) century to this (1600s) century to this concept.concept.

English and TradeEnglish and Trade

MercantilistMercantilist Philosophy Philosophy

Trade/colonies= wealth and power for “Mother Trade/colonies= wealth and power for “Mother Country”Country”

Salutary/Benign NeglectSalutary/Benign Neglect– Earliest colonial development was regulated but not Earliest colonial development was regulated but not

strictly- strictly- – Idea was for more movement of people- freedom was Idea was for more movement of people- freedom was

advocated to motivate settlersadvocated to motivate settlers– Gradually changes occur- to strengthen Empire and Gradually changes occur- to strengthen Empire and

control of colonycontrol of colony

Wealth of colonies causes controls Wealth of colonies causes controls

Navigation Act 1660Navigation Act 1660

Navigation Act 1663Navigation Act 1663

Navigation Act 1673Navigation Act 1673

Is there a pattern associated with these actions?Is there a pattern associated with these actions?

Purpose: to Purpose: to 1.Tax and 2.gain control 3. regulate 1.Tax and 2.gain control 3. regulate tradetrade

11stst Navigation Act 1661 Navigation Act 1661

All trade was to go to England All trade was to go to England

Carried on British ShipsCarried on British Ships

Tobacco only to England or English Tobacco only to England or English colonial possessionscolonial possessions

Problem: Couldn’t enforce effectivelyProblem: Couldn’t enforce effectively

2nd Navigation Acts 16632nd Navigation Acts 1663

Laws were tightened to control tradeLaws were tightened to control trade

All goods ---From Europe to colonies All goods ---From Europe to colonies MUST pass through England.MUST pass through England.

Everything Everything through Britain-Or British portsthrough Britain-Or British ports

Monopoly on exportMonopoly on export trade from colonies trade from colonies

33rdrd Navigation Act 1673 Navigation Act 1673

Duties Duties on coastal trade between colonieson coastal trade between colonies

Royal Customs Agents-Royal Customs Agents- to help regulate to help regulate trade in colonies trade in colonies

Lords of Trade- Lords of Trade- created-created- (later Board of (later Board of Trade)Trade)– Advised kingAdvised king– Oversee coloniesOversee colonies– Set Colonial PolicySet Colonial Policy

More trade law 1696More trade law 1696

Established Established Admiralty Courts-1696Admiralty Courts-1696

In the colonies to settle trade issuesIn the colonies to settle trade issues

Royal Judges- no juryRoyal Judges- no jury

Consequences of Trade ActsConsequences of Trade Acts

Smuggling-Smuggling- lack of enforcement and lack of enforcement and readily available markets for trade cause readily available markets for trade cause smugglingsmugglingMore controls-More controls- Customs Agents stationed Customs Agents stationed in Colonial portsin Colonial portsCorruption-Corruption- wealth overcomes limitations wealth overcomes limitations bribery is widespread bribery is widespread Hostility of ColonistsHostility of Colonists toward British toward British Government- controlsGovernment- controls

Iroquois ConfederationIroquois Confederation

5 Indian tribes of the Northeastern Woodlands5 Indian tribes of the Northeastern Woodlands– Mohawk, Seneca, Oneidas, Onondagas, CayugaMohawk, Seneca, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayuga

The Great League of PeaceThe Great League of Peace Created a limited Created a limited alliance of Indian tribes in order to maintain alliance of Indian tribes in order to maintain peace between the 5 Nations.peace between the 5 Nations.Very important Very important native organization- to native organization- to confront the Colonists.confront the Colonists.Become hostile to French and align with Become hostile to French and align with British British

IroquoisIroquoisIroquois tribes wanted to Iroquois tribes wanted to remove the Huron power- and remove the Huron power- and take over the trade with Frenchtake over the trade with French

War broke out between War broke out between Iroquois and Huron- (Beaver Iroquois and Huron- (Beaver Wars)Wars)

HuronHuron were middle man were middle man traders- collected furs from traders- collected furs from Algonquians- sold to FrenchAlgonquians- sold to French

King William's War 1690King William's War 1690OrOr

The French and Indian War Part 1The French and Indian War Part 1

As a result of antagonisms in Europe-As a result of antagonisms in Europe-FrenchFrench and and English rivalry-English rivalry- cause as cause as series of wars and fighting takes place in series of wars and fighting takes place in North AmericaNorth AmericaSignificanceSignificance: Iroquois will be aligned with : Iroquois will be aligned with British at then try to stay Neutral-British at then try to stay Neutral-Wars continue through the early 1750’s Wars continue through the early 1750’s when the French and Indian War – ends when the French and Indian War – ends FrenchFrench presence in presence in North AmericaNorth America

Wars Between France and BritainWars Between France and BritainDuring the 1600-1700sDuring the 1600-1700s

King William’s War (1689-1697) King William’s War (1689-1697) – French and Algonquians v. British colonists French and Algonquians v. British colonists

and Iroquois Tribesand Iroquois Tribes

Queen Anne’s War (1701-1712)Queen Anne’s War (1701-1712)– French lose Acadia to British (Nova Scotia)French lose Acadia to British (Nova Scotia)

King Georges War (1744-1748)King Georges War (1744-1748)

French and Indian War (1754-1763)French and Indian War (1754-1763)– French are kicked out of North AmericaFrench are kicked out of North America

Salem Witchcraft Trials (1692)Salem Witchcraft Trials (1692)

Accusations of witchcraft come to a small Accusations of witchcraft come to a small village in Massachusettsvillage in Massachusetts

Bad things were happening to Mass: and Bad things were happening to Mass: and the very religious Puritans believed the the very religious Puritans believed the devil was responsible.devil was responsible.

Names remain: Sarah Good, Sarah Names remain: Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, Tituba…Osborne, Tituba…

Salem WitchesSalem Witches19 people executed 2 die in jail, one is 19 people executed 2 die in jail, one is tortured to deathtortured to deathProminent people are accused and the Prominent people are accused and the court is disbandedcourt is disbandedClassic Witch Hunt:Classic Witch Hunt:““Accused could save their lives only by Accused could save their lives only by confessing and implicating others…”confessing and implicating others…”““Vivid example of people’s capacity to turn Vivid example of people’s capacity to turn against fellow humans, however innocent, against fellow humans, however innocent, in an effort to save themselves.”in an effort to save themselves.”