English 300 - Coordinating Conjunction_2

7/27/2019 English 300 - Coordinating Conjunction_2

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English 300

Coordinating Conjunction

Members:Erfan Ady Indrawan (03121002011)

Maharani Ayuningtyas (03121002015)

Gibran Partahi (03121002029)

Steven Staenly (03121002031)

M Romi Noviansyah (03121002047)



Coordinating Conjuctions

In grammar, a conjunction is a part of speechthat connects two words, sentences, phrases orclauses

Coordinating conjunctions, also calledcoordinators, are conjunctions that join, orcoordinate, two or more items (such as words,

main clauses, or sentences) of equal syntacticimportance. in english, the mnemonic acronymFANBOYS can be used to remember thecoordinators for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so



Words and words

1. You and I will come together.

2. It can be black, white or grey.3. Most children like cookies and milk.

Phrases and phrases1. The gold is hidden at the beach or by thelakeside.

2. Daniel's uncle claimed that he spent most of his

youth dancing on rooftops and swallowinggoldfish.

3. Manufacturers must be free to develop their ideas and to package their products.



Clauses and Clauses

1. I wanted to sit in the front of the balcony, so Iordered my tickets early.

2. It’s an old car, but it’s very reliable.

3. It was raining, so I took my umbrella.4. The sun is warm, yet the air is cool.

5. I don’t care for the beach, but I enjoy a good

vacation in the mountains.



Coordinating conjuction divided

into 3 types :

1. Paralel Structure

2. Paired conjuctions

3. Combinning independent clauses with coordinating

conjuction



Parallel Structure

One use of a conjunctions is to connect wordsor phrases that have same grammatical

function in a sentence.

This use of conjunctions is called “ parallel

structure”. The conjunctions used in this pattern are and, but, or, nor. These words arecalled “coordinating conjunctions”



(a) Steve and his friend are coming to dinner.

(b) Susan raised her hand and snapped her fingers.

(c) He is waving his arms and (is) shouting at us.

In (a) : noun + and + nounIn (b) : verb + and + verb

In (c) : verb + and + verb (the second auxiliary may be omitted if ti is the

same as the first auxiliary)

(d) These shoes are old but comfortable.

(e) He wants to watch TV or (to) listen to some music

In (d) : adjective + and + adjective

In (e) : infinitive + and + infinitive (the second to is usually omitted)

INCORRECT: Steve, and Joe are coming to dinner

Note: No commas are used if there are only two parts to a parallel

structure



PAIRED CONJUCNTIONS: BOTH … AND; NOT ONLY …

BUT ALSO; EITHER … OR; NEITHER … NOR

(a) Both my mother and my sister are here

(b) Not only my mother but also my sister is here

(c) Not only my sister but also my parents are here

(d) Neither my mother nor my sister is here(e) Neither my sister nor my parents are here

Two subjects connected by both … and take a plural

verb, as in (a)When two subjects are connected by not only … butalso, either … or, or neither … nor, the subject that iscloser to the verb datermines wheter the verb is

singular or plural



(f) The research project will take both time and money.

(g) Yesterday is not only rained but (also) snowed

(h) I’ll take either chemistry or physic next quarter

(i) That book neither interisting nor accurate

Notice the parallel structure in the examples. Thesame grammatical form should follow each part of the paired conjunctions.

In (f) : both + noun + and + nounIn (g) : not only + verb + but also + verb

In (h) : either + noun + or + noun

In (i) : neither + adjective + nor + adjective



COMBINATING INDEPENDENT CLAUSES WITH

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

(a) It was raining. There was a strong wind.

(b) INCORRECT PUNCTUATION: It was raining hard,there was a strong wind.

Example (a) contains two independent clauses (i.e.,two complete sentences).

Notice the punctuation. A period, NOT A COMMA,is used to separate two independent clauses. Thepunctuation in (b) is not correct; the error in (b) iscalled “a run-on sentence”



(c) It was raining hard, and there was a strong wind.

(d) It was raining hard and there was a strong wind.(e) It was raining hard. And there was a strong wind.

A conjunction may be used to connect twoindependent clauses. PUNCTUATION: Usually acomma immediately precedes the conjunction, as in(c).

In short sentence, the comma is sometimes omitted,as in (d)

In informal writing, a conjunction sometimes beginsa sentence, as in (e)



(f) He was tired, so he went to bed.

(g) The child hid behind his mother’s skirt, for hewas afraid of the dog.

(h) She did not study, yet she passed the exam.

In addition to and, but, or, and nor, otherconjunctions are used to connect two independentclauses:

so (meaning “therefore, as a result”)

for (meaning “because”) yet (meaning “but, nevertheless”)

A comma almost always preceds so, for, and yetwhen they are used as coordinating conjunctions.



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