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English 2009English 2009 - 108 . ESJGF

Catarina M. Costa n10

Jos Diogo Pousada n20

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Zero Conditional

IFIF + Present SimplePresent Simple + Present SimplePresent Simple

Used for facts, things that are always true.

eg: - IF we heat water to 100C, it boils.

The water boils if we heat it to 100C.

If Clause Main Clause

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First Conditional

IFIF + Present SimplePresent Simple + WillWill + InfinitiveInfinitive

Used for possible situations and their consequence.

eg: - IF the weather is good, we will go to the beach.

- IF we dont study, we wont pass the exam.

If Clause Main Clause

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Second Conditional

IFIF + Past SimplePast Simple + WouldWould + InfinitiveInfinitive

Used for improbable situations.

eg: - IFI won the lottery, I would buy a new house.

I would travel around the world if I had a lots of money.

Remember

If Clause Main Clause

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Third Conditional

IFIF + Past PerfectPast Perfect + WouldWould + HaveHave + Past ParticiplePast Participle

Used for impossible situations because they can no longer happen.

eg: - IF they had woken up earlier, they would have arrived in time.

- She would have passed the exam if she hadstudied.

Remember

If Clause Main Clause

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Type 1

1)(pass, buy)

If she _________ her exam, her father ___________ her a present.

2)(be, catch)

If we _________ late for the meeting, we ____________ a taxi.

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1) (pass, buy)

If she passes her exam, her father will buy / Il buy her a present.

2) (be, catch)

If we are late for the meeting, we will catch / Il catch a taxi.

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Type 2

1)He has no qualifications, so they cant give him the job. (give,have)

They ________ him the job if he _______ the qualifications.

2)I dont know his phone number. (give,know)

I ___________ you his phone number if I __________ it.

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1)He has no qualifications, so they cant give him the job. (give,have)

They would give / d give himthe job if he had the qualificatons.

2)I dont know his phone number. (give,know)

I would give you his phone number if I knew it.

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Type 3

1)He failed the exam, because he didnt study. (study,pass)

If he ___________, he _____________ the exam.

2) She didnt give you a lift because you didnt ask her. (give,ask)

She _________ you a lift if you ____________ her.

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1)He failed the exame, because he didnt study. (study,pass)

If he had studied / d studied, he would have passed / wouldve

passed the exam.

2) She didnt give you a lift because you didnt ask her. (give,ask)

She would have given / wouldve given you a lift if you had

asked / d asked her.

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Type 0

1)If I have a test, I need to study. (have,need)

2)Susan needs to rest if she is sick. (need,be)

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Past Simple

Used for actions that started and

finished in the past at a specific time

Past Perfect

Used for two actions that happened in

the past and one happened before the

otherverb to have in the past + verbin the past participle

2 3

Source: English Grammar in Use