ENGLANDAbsolutism in England

Fall of the ROMAN Empire

• Kingdom of England falls in and out of power between several

and kings for a period of several hundred years

ANGLO-SAXONDANISH

NORMAN CONQUEST

• - Duke of Normandy

crossed the English Channel & invaded England• Battle of - William becomes King• Was a monarch• book – census of population,

property, wealth

1066

WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR

HASTINGSSTRONG

DOMESDAY

GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENTS1. - system – became a

means of settling disputes2. - laws the same

for all people3. - issued in 1215;

placed limits on king’s power (opposite of ); rose from dispute between nobles & King

JURY

COMMON LAW

MAGNA CARTA

ABSOLUTISM

JOHN

3. MAGNA CARTA cont.• No without

• Right to a trial by• Influenced the U.S.

&

TAXATIONREPRESENTATION

CONSTITUTIONBILL OF RIGHTS

JURY

GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENTS

4. - 1295 King called together representatives from around England to meet to raise taxes for war*included not just nobles, but knights & citizens

Became standard practice with two houses:I. House of -

nobles/bishops II. House of - knights &

burgesses – citizens of wealth

PARLIAMENT EDWARD I

COMMONS

LORDS

GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENTS

- becomes King of England - not having male to

throne, asked Catholic Church to his marriage to his wife after years of marriage, she was & could not longer have children.Henry wanted a ; the Pope his requestHe secretly married Ann Boleyn & was

15091527

ANNUL

HEIR

HENRY VIII

2442

DIVORCEDENIED

EXCOMMUNICATED

http://www.missedinhistory.com/podcasts/how-henry-viii-worked/

Henry disregarded the & forced to legalize his divorce & break away from the Catholic Church in . After the other churches had been formed; Henry became the head of England’s

Boleyn was crowned

POPE PARLIAMENT

REFORMATION1534

HENRY VIII

OFFICIALCHURCH

QUEEN

Boleyn gave birth to a daughter & had the same problem as Catherine; no male

Henry had Anneand her and her brother were

in 1536

Henry married Jane Seymour and she gave birth to a in 1537 & died two weeks later

HEIR

ARRESTED

SON

BEHEADED

HENRY VIII

Henry VIII married more times after the death of Jane Seymour. produced any children1547 – Henry died – his only son

became King at only years old – in ill health, he died atHenry’s daughter from his marriage became Queen – she was Catholic & returned England to Catholic control under the

3

NONE

9EDWARD VI

ENGLAND BECOMES PROTESTANT

151st

POPE

Mary died in 1558 at the age of she had no children. She was succeeded by Elizabeth, Henry’s daughter from his wife. She was - 1559 England left the Catholic Church – created the Church of England orChurchAllowed to marryConducted services in rather than

42

2nd

ANGLICAN

PROTESTANT

ENGLAND BECOMES PROTESTANT

PRIESTSENGLISH

LATIN

Ruled from to (45 yrs)Her rule was known as the

Erao -

famous playwrighto - 1st

Englishman to circumnavigate the globe

o - led colonization of America

1558 1603

WILLIAM SHAKESPEAREELIZABETHAN

QUEEN ELIZABETH I

FRANCIS DRAKE

WALTER RALEIGH

http://www.missedinhistory.com/podcasts/elizabeth-the-first-before-she-was-queen/

The Spanish fleet of ships with men set sail to invade England

They were defeated by the English and very bad . The victory tremendously

Elizabeth’s popularity.She died in - she is considered by many to be England’s

ARMADA 130

NAVY30,000

CONFLICT WITH SPAIN

WEATHER INCREASED

1603

GREATEST MONARCH

Elizabeth was never and had children. Her cousin James Stuart, King of became King in . The Stuart rulers believed in -no limit on power; this conflicted with King James died in and his son became King;

MARRIEDNO

1603SCOTLAND

STUARTS ABSOLUTISM

DIVINE RIGHT

PARLIAMENT1625

CHARLES I

Charles was in constant with Parliament – usually for them and levying high to fight wars. When he needed Parliament – they

to cooperate and forced him to sign the of in 1628. He had to agree to:

1. Not anyone without just cause2. Could not without Parliament’s consent3. Could not force anyone to house4. Could not impose law

CONFLICTIGNORING

REFUSED

TAXES

STUARTS ABSOLUTISM

PETITION RIGHTIMPRISON

TAXSOLDIERS

MARTIALhttp://www.missedinhistory.com/podcasts/rival-queens-mary-stuart-and-elizabeth-i/

• Ignored much of Petition of Right upsetting

• Appointed special courts (Court of the chamber) to persecute those who disagreed with him

• Married a • Faced rebellion in

who feared

STAR

PARLIAMENT

SCOTLANDCATHOLIC

MORE TROUBLE FOR CHARLES

UNIFICATION

Finally in a war broke out between the supporters of King Charles & the

supporters of Parliament – the war would last Years and become known as the

1642LOYAL

ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

CIVIL

MORE TROUBLE FOR CHARLES cont.

PURITAN

- supporters of Charles vs.

- supporters of ParliamentThe led by the “New Model Army” headed by defeated the

- King Charles was arrested in 1647, put on trial for and in 1649

CAVALIERS

ROUNDHEADS

TREASON

OLIVER CROMWELL

ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

BEHEADED

ROUNDHEADS

CAVALIERS

• Abolished the , House of and the Church of • Set up republic called • Persecuted • 1653 – dissolved• Took title “Lord Protector” & ruled as a • Tried to society under

Puritan values - promoted

MONARCHYLORDS

PARLIAMENT

COMMONWEALTH

OLIVER CROMWELL

REFORM

ENGLAND

CATHOLICS

MORALITY

MILITARY DICTATOR

1660 – Charles I son restored the monarchy

- passed in - an arrested person has the right to know charges against him – and defend themselves in front of a judge1685 – Charles II died & had noKing James II upset because he was*He would be England’s last

ruler

CHARLES II

1679

ROMAN CATHOLIC

THE RESTORATION

CATHOLIC

HABEAS CORPUS

CHILDREN

James II was forced to the throne because of his religion and fled to

Parliament wanted a ruler in EnglandJames II’s oldest from his first marriage was Protestant; Mary & her husband William became the new rulers

ABDICATE

PROTESTANT

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION 1688

FRANCE

DAUGHTER

Not as rulers but as a monarch

Were forced by Parliament to accept the English Bill of Rights (1689). They could not:1. Parliament’s laws2. Levy without permission3. with freedom of

speech4. citizens who question

the monarchy

ABSOLUTE

TAXES

WILLIAM & MARY RULE ENGLAND

CONSTITUTIONAL

SUSPEND

INTERFERE

ARREST

WORKS CITEDWilliam I. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/77028/media?assemblyId=120754>.

Magna Carta: John signing the Magna Carta. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/50003/media?assemblyId=87844>.

John: John signing the Magna Carta. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/50003/media?assemblyId=110755>.

parliament: Elizabethan Parliament. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/58522/media?assemblyId=89858>.

Holbein, Hans, the Younger: portrait of Henry VIII . Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/40026/media?assemblyId=119984>.

Maclise, Daniel. Daniel Maclise Henry VIIIs First Interview with Anne Boleyn.jpg. Digital image. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Commons, 9 Feb. 2013. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Daniel_Maclise_Henry_VIIIs_first_interview_with_Anne_Boleyn.jpg>.

Anne Boleyn. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/7683/media?assemblyId=8484>.

WORKS CITED cont.

Edward VI. IMAGE. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://media3.school.eb.com/eb-media/67/167-004-E330D174.jpg>.

Elizabeth I. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/106028/media?assemblyId=10392>.

Royal Navy, the: English navy and the Spanish Armada, 1588. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/9497/media?assemblyId=117456>.

Charles I. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 21 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/22559/media?assemblyId=9308>.

Charles I. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 22 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/22559/media?assemblyId=139099>.

Cromwell, Oliver. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 22 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/109638/media?assemblyId=1280>.

Cromwell, Oliver. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 22 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/109638/media?assemblyId=110131>.

WORKS CITED cont.

Mary II: William III and Mary II. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 22 May 2014. <http://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/68046/media?assemblyId=122533>.